Gu Y, Guo J, Moshfegh AJ. Race/ethnicity and gender modify the association between diet and cognition in U.S. older adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014.
ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2021;
7:e12128. [PMID:
33614896 PMCID:
PMC7882526 DOI:
10.1002/trc2.12128]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
It is unclear whether the association between Mediterranean-type Diet (MeDi) and cognition is similar across different racial/ethnic groups or between women and men.
METHODS
The current study included 2435 participants (≥60 years of age) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Linear regression models were applied to examine the association between diet and cognition, adjusted for multiple demographic variables. Interaction between MeDi and race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, other), and between MeDi and gender, were examined, followed by stratified analyses.
RESULTS
One score increase in MeDi was associated with 0.039 (95%confidence interval [CI] = 0.016-0.062) higher global cognitive z-score. Significant associations between MeDi and global cognition and between MeDi and immediate recall were found in the non-Hispanic Whites only (P-interaction = 0.057 and 0.059, respectively). MeDi was associated with increased score of animal fluency score in men but not in women (P-interaction = 0.082).
DISCUSSION
The positive association between MeDi and cognition might be dependent on race/ethnicity and gender.
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