1
|
Simion L, Ionescu S, Chitoran E, Rotaru V, Cirimbei C, Madge OL, Nicolescu AC, Tanase B, Dicu-Andreescu IG, Dinu DM, Luca DC, Stanculeanu DL, Gheorghe AS, Zob D, Marincas M. Indocyanine Green (ICG) and Colorectal Surgery: A Literature Review on Qualitative and Quantitative Methods of Usage. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1530. [PMID: 37763651 PMCID: PMC10536016 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Due to its many benefits, indocyanine green (ICG) has gained progressive popularity in operating rooms (ORs) globally. This literature review examines its qualitative and quantitative usage in surgical treatment. Method: Relevant terms were searched in five international databases (1. Pubmed, 2. Sciencedirect, 3. Scopus, 4. Oxfordjournals, 5. Reaxys) for a comprehensive literature review. The main benefits of using ICG in colorectal surgery are: intraoperative fluorescence angiography; fluorescence-guided lymph node involvement detection and the sentinel technique; the fluorescent emphasis of a minute liver tumour, counting just 200 tumour cells; facilitation of fistula diagnosis; and tumour tattooing. This methodology can also be used with quantitative characteristics such as maximum intensity, relative maximum intensity, and in-flow parameters such as time-to-peak, slope, and t1/2max. This article concludes that fluorescence surgery with ICG and near-infrared (NIR) light is a relatively new technology that improves anatomical and functional information, allowing more comprehensive and safer tumour removal and the preservation of important structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurentiu Simion
- Ist Clinic of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (L.S.)
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sinziana Ionescu
- Ist Clinic of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (L.S.)
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Elena Chitoran
- Ist Clinic of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (L.S.)
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Ph.D. Studies, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Vlad Rotaru
- Ist Clinic of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (L.S.)
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Ph.D. Studies, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ciprian Cirimbei
- Ist Clinic of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (L.S.)
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Octavia-Luciana Madge
- Ist Clinic of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (L.S.)
- University of Bucharest, 030018 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alin Codrut Nicolescu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Ph.D. Studies, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Emergency Hospital “Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu”, 011356 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Bogdan Tanase
- Clinic of Thoracic Surgery, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irinel-Gabriel Dicu-Andreescu
- Ist Clinic of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (L.S.)
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Ph.D. Studies, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Denisa Mihaela Dinu
- Surgery Clinic, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Cristian Luca
- Ist Clinic of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (L.S.)
| | - Dana Lucia Stanculeanu
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
- Oncology Clinic, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adelina Silvana Gheorghe
- Ph.D. Studies in Oncology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Daniela Zob
- Oncology Department, “Prof. Dr. Al. Trestioreanu” Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marian Marincas
- Ist Clinic of General Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Bucharest Oncology Institute, 022328 Bucharest, Romania; (L.S.)
- “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chang YS, Chang SJ, Yeh KT, Lin TH, Chang JG. RAS, BRAF, and TP53 gene mutations in Taiwanese colorectal cancer patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 36:719-24. [PMID: 24356563 DOI: 10.1159/000356814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) plays an important role in cancer mortality and morbidity. This study examined colorectal tissues for RAS, BRAF, and TP53 gene mutations to assess their value as indicators of outcomes of CRC therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS DNA was extracted from tissues taken from 165 patients with CRC. RAS gene mutations (exons 2 and 3) were detected by primer extension analysis. BRAF gene mutations (V600E) were detected by high resolution melting (HRM) analysis. TP53 gene mutations (exons 5-8) were detected by direct sequencing. RESULTS RAS, BRAF, and TP53 mutations occurred in 36.97% (61/165), 4.24% (7/165), and 37.58% (62/165), respectively. The KRAS mutation is a predictor for poor 5-year survival (p = 0.05), and the co-presence of KRAS and TP53 mutations correlates with lymph node involvement (p = 0.029), tumor stage (p = 0.029), and poor survival (p = 0.021). Multivariate analysis adjusted for tumor size, histologic grade, lymph node metastasis, sex, and age also indicated that KRAS mutations correlate significantly with overall survival (p = 0.036). CONCLUSION The KRAS mutation is not present in about one-third of CRC patients, and therefore other gene mutations need to be investigated to better understand the molecular mechanisms of CRC and its treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Sian Chang
- Epigenome Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang HH, Walker F, Kiflemariam S, Whitehead RH, Williams D, Phillips WA, Mikeska T, Dobrovic A, Burgess AW. Selective inhibition of proliferation in colorectal carcinoma cell lines expressing mutant APC or activated B-Raf. Int J Cancer 2009; 125:297-307. [PMID: 19378335 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.24289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived cell lines are indispensable tools for understanding the contribution of activated signaling pathways to the cancer phenotype and for the design and testing of targeted signal therapies. In our study, we characterize 10 colorectal carcinoma cell lines for the presence of mutations in the wnt, Ras/MAPK, PI3K and p53 pathways. The mutational spectrum found in this panel of cell lines is similar to that detected in primary CRC, albeit with higher frequency of mutation in the beta-catenin and B-Raf genes. We have monitored activation of the wnt and Ras/MAPK pathways in these cells and analyzed their sensitivity to selective signaling inhibitors. Using beta-catenin subcellular distribution as a marker, we show that cells harboring APC mutations have low-level activated wnt signaling, which can be blocked by the extracellular wnt inhibitor DKK-1, suggesting autocrine activation of this pathway; proliferation of these cells is also blocked by DKK-1. In contrast, cells with beta-catenin mutations are unresponsive to extracellular wnt inhibition. Constitutive phosphorylation of MAPK is present in the majority of the cell lines and correlates with B-Raf but not K-Ras mutations; correspondingly, the proliferation of cells harboring mutations in B-Raf, but not K-Ras, is exquisitely sensitive inhibition of the MAPK pathway. We find no correlation between PI3K mutation or loss of PTEN expression and increased sensitivity to PI3K inhibitors. Our study discloses clear-cut differences in responsiveness to signaling inhibitors between individual mutations within an activated signaling pathway and suggests likely targets for signal-directed therapy of colorectal carcinomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Hua Zhang
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Centre for Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tabone T, Sallmann G, Cotton RGH. The chemical cleavage of mismatch for the detection of mutations in long DNA fragments. Methods Mol Biol 2009; 578:223-234. [PMID: 19768597 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-411-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Methods to rapidly scan large regions of DNA that are not dependent on highly specific melting temperatures or suitable only for large-scale discovery are important to reduce the amount of sequencing required for DNA samples that appear to contain a mutation. This protocol describes the chemical cleavage of mismatch method to assess if a region of DNA contains a mutation and accurately localize the position of the mutation in the same reaction. To detect mutations, PCR heteroduplexes are incubated with two mismatch-specific reagents. Hydroxylamine modifies mismatched cytosine residues and potassium permanganate modifies mismatched thymine residues. The samples are then incubated with piperidine, which cleaves the DNA backbone at the site of the modified mismatched base. Cleavage products are separated by electrophoresis, revealing the identity and location of the mutation. The chemical cleavage of mismatch method can efficiently detect point mutations as well as insertions and deletions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Tabone
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tsuji T, Niida Y. Development of a simple and highly sensitive mutation screening system by enzyme mismatch cleavage with optimized conditions for standard laboratories. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:1473-83. [PMID: 18300207 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Efficient screening of unknown DNA variations is one of the substantive matters of molecular biology even today. Historically, SSCP and heteroduplex analysis (HA) are the most commonly used methods for detecting DNA variations everywhere in the world because of their simplicity. However, the sensitivity of these methods is not satisfactory for screening purpose. Recently, several new PCR-based mutation screening methods have been developed, but most of them require special instruments and adjustment of conditions for each DNA sequence to attain the maximum sensitivity, eventually becoming as inconvenient as old methods. Enzyme mismatch cleavage (EMC) is potentially an ideal screening method. With high-performance nucleases and once experimental conditions are optimized, it requires only conventional staff and conditions remain the same for each PCR product. In this study we tested four commercially available endonucleases for EMC and optimized the electrophoresis and developing conditions. We prepared 25 known DNA variations consisting of 18 single base substitutions (8 transitions and 10 transversions, including all possible sets of mismatches) and 7 small deletions or insertions. The combination of CEL nuclease, 12% PAGE and rapid silver staining can detect all types of mutations and achieved 100% sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takanori Tsuji
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Ishikawa, Japan
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tabone T, Sallmann G, Chiotis M, Law M, Cotton R. Chemical cleavage of mismatch (CCM) to locate base mismatches in heteroduplex DNA. Nat Protoc 2007; 1:2297-304. [PMID: 17406471 DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2006.352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This protocol describes the use of the chemical cleavage of mismatch (CCM) method to assess whether a region of DNA contains mutations and to localize them. Compared with other mutation-detection techniques (such as single strand-conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE)) that detect mutations in short DNA fragments and require highly specific melting temperatures, CCM has a higher diagnostic sensitivity suited to the detection of mutations in tumor genes, and can analyze amplicons < or = 2 kb in length. To detect mutations, PCR heteroduplexes are incubated with two mismatch-specific reagents. Hydroxylamine modifies unpaired cytosine and potassium permanganate modifies unpaired thymine. The samples are then incubated with piperidine, which cleaves the DNA backbone at the site of the modified mismatched base. Cleavage products are separated by electrophoresis, revealing the identity and location of the mutation. The CCM method can efficiently detect point mutations as well as insertions and deletions. This protocol can be completed in 10 h.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tania Tabone
- Genomic Disorders Research Centre, St Vincent's Hospital, PO Box 2900, Victoria 3065, Australia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|