1
|
Yurttaş NÖ, Eşkazan AE. Clinical Application of Biomarkers for Hematologic Malignancies. Biomark Med 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815040463122010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, significant advancements have been made in the
molecular mechanisms, diagnostic methods, prognostication, and treatment options in
hematologic malignancies. As the treatment landscape continues to expand,
personalized treatment is much more important.
With the development of new technologies, more sensitive evaluation of residual
disease using flow cytometry and next generation sequencing is possible nowadays.
Although some conventional biomarkers preserve their significance, novel potential
biomarkers accurately detect the mutational landscape of different cancers, and also,
serve as prognostic and predictive biomarkers, which can be used in evaluating therapy
responses and relapses. It is likely that we will be able to offer a more targeted and
risk-adapted therapeutic approach to patients with hematologic malignancies guided by
these potential biomarkers. This chapter summarizes the biomarkers used (or proposed
to be used) in the diagnosis and/or monitoring of hematologic neoplasms.;
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurgül Özgür Yurttaş
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine,
Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Emre Eşkazan
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine,
Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Inamdar AA, Goy A, Ayoub NM, Attia C, Oton L, Taruvai V, Costales M, Lin YT, Pecora A, Suh KS. Mantle cell lymphoma in the era of precision medicine-diagnosis, biomarkers and therapeutic agents. Oncotarget 2018; 7:48692-48731. [PMID: 27119356 PMCID: PMC5217048 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the development of clinical agents for treating Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL), treatment of MCL remains a challenge due to complexity and frequent relapse associated with MCL. The incorporation of conventional and novel diagnostic approaches such as genomic sequencing have helped improve understanding of the pathogenesis of MCL, and have led to development of specific agents targeting signaling pathways that have recently been shown to be involved in MCL. In this review, we first provide a general overview of MCL and then discuss about the role of biomarkers in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment for MCL. We attempt to discuss major biomarkers for MCL and highlight published and ongoing clinical trials in an effort to evaluate the dominant signaling pathways as drugable targets for treating MCL so as to determine the potential combination of drugs for both untreated and relapse/refractory cases. Our analysis indicates that incorporation of biomarkers is crucial for patient stratification and improve diagnosis and predictability of disease outcome thus help us in designing future precision therapies. The evidence indicates that a combination of conventional chemotherapeutic agents and novel drugs designed to target specific dysregulated signaling pathways can provide the effective therapeutic options for both untreated and relapse/refractory MCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arati A Inamdar
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Andre Goy
- Clinical Divisions, John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Nehad M Ayoub
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Christen Attia
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Lucia Oton
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Varun Taruvai
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Mark Costales
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Yu-Ting Lin
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Andrew Pecora
- Clinical Divisions, John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - K Stephen Suh
- The Genomics and Biomarkers Program, The John Theurer Cancer Center, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun R, Medeiros LJ, Young KH. Diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for lymphoma diagnosis and treatment in the era of precision medicine. Mod Pathol 2016; 29:1118-42. [PMID: 27363492 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2016.92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lymphomas are a group of hematological malignancies derived from lymphocytes. Lymphomas are clinically and biologically heterogeneous and have overlapping diagnostic features. With the advance of new technologies and the application of efficient and feasible detection platforms, an unprecedented number of novel biomarkers have been discovered or are under investigation at the genetic, epigenetic, and protein level as well as the tumor microenvironment. These biomarkers have enabled new clinical and pathological insights into the mechanisms underlying lymphomagenesis and also have facilitated improvements in the diagnostic workup, sub-classification, outcome stratification, and personalized therapy for lymphoma patients. However, integrating these biomarkers into clinical practice effectively and precisely in daily practice is challenging. More in-depth studies are required to further validate these novel biomarkers and to assess other parameters that can affect the reproducibility of these biomarkers such as the selection of detection methods, biological reagents, interpretation of data, and cost efficiency. Despite these challenges, there are many reasons to be optimistic that novel biomarkers will facilitate better algorithms and strategies as we enter a new era of precision medicine to better refine diagnosis, prognostication, and rational treatment design for patients with lymphomas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Sun
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Pathology, Shanxi Cancer Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - L Jeffrey Medeiros
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ken H Young
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang JW, Qin T, Hong SD, Zhang J, Fang WF, Zhao YY, Yang YP, Xue C, Huang Y, Zhao HY, Ma YX, Hu ZH, Huang PY, Zhang L. Multiple oncogenic mutations related to targeted therapy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2015; 34:177-83. [PMID: 25963410 PMCID: PMC4593383 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-015-0011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An increasing number of targeted drugs have been tested for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations have not been fully evaluated. This study aimed to detect targeted therapy-related oncogenic mutations in NPC and to determine which targeted therapy might be potentially effective in treating NPC. METHODS By using the SNaPshot assay, a rapid detection method, 19 mutation hotspots in 6 targeted therapy-related oncogenes were examined in 70 NPC patients. The associations between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic factors were analyzed. RESULTS Among 70 patients, 12 (17.1%) had mutations in 5 oncogenes: 7 (10.0%) had v-kit Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KIT) mutation, 2 (2.8%) had epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, 1 (1.4%) had phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutation, 1 (1.4%) had Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) mutation, and 1 (1.4%) had simultaneous EGFR and v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutations. No significant differences were observed between oncogenic mutations and clinicopathologic characteristics. Additionally, these oncogenic mutations were not associated with tumor recurrence and metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Oncogenic mutations are present in NPC patients. The efficacy of targeted drugs on patients with the related oncogenic mutations requires further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Wei Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Qin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Shao-Dong Hong
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Wen-Feng Fang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Yuan-Yuan Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Yun-Peng Yang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Cong Xue
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Hong-Yuan Zhao
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Xiang Ma
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Huang Hu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Pei-Yu Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| | - Li Zhang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, No. 651 Dongfeng Road East, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chee Ee Phua V, Loo WH, Yusof MM, Wan Ishak WZ, Tho LM, Ung NM. Treatment outcome for nasopharyngeal carcinoma in University Malaya Medical Centre from 2004-2008. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2014; 14:4567-70. [PMID: 24083703 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.8.4567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the commonest radiocurable cancer in Malaysia. This study aimed to determine the treatment outcomes and late effects of radiotherapy for NPC patients treated in University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). MATERIALS AND METHODS All newly diagnosed patients with NPC referred for treatment to the Oncology unit at UMMC from 2004-2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Treatment outcomes were 5 years overall survival (OS), disease free survival (DFS), cause-specific survival (CSS), loco- regional control (LRC) and radiotherapy-related late effects. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis and differences in survival according to AJCC stage was compared using the log-rank test. RESULTS A total of 176 patients with newly diagnosed NPC were treated in UMMC during this period. Late presentation was common, with 33.5% presenting with T3-4 disease, 84.7% with N1-3 disease and 75.6% with AJCC stage 3-4 disease. Radical RT was given to 162 patients with 22.7% having RT alone and 69.3% having CCRT. The stipulated OTT was 7 weeks and 72.2% managed to complete their RT within this time period. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was given to 14.8% while adjuvant chemotherapy was administered to 16.5%. The 5 years OS was 51.6% with a median follow up of 58 months. The 5 years OS according to stage were 81.8% for stage I, 77.9% for stage II, 47.4% for stage III and 25.9% for stage IV. The 5 years overall CSS, DFS and LRC were 54.4%, 48.4% and 70.6%, respectively. RT related late effects were documented in 80.2%. The commonest was xerostomia (66.7%). Other documented late effects were hearing deficit (17.3%), visual deficit (3.1%), neck stiffness (3.1%) , dysphagia (3.4%), cranial nerve palsy (2.5%), pneumonitis (0.6%) and hypothyroidism (1.2%). CONCLUSIONS The 5 years OS and LRC in this study are low compared to the latest studies especially those utilizing IMRT. Implementation of IMRT for NPC treatment should be strongly encouraged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Chee Ee Phua
- Clinical Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia E-mail :
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Soldini D, Georgis A, Montagna C, Schüffler PJ, Martin V, Curioni-Fontecedro A, Martinez A, Tinguely M. The combined expression of VPREB3 and ID3 represents a new helpful tool for the routine diagnosis of mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Hematol Oncol 2013; 32:120-5. [PMID: 24493312 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Revised: 08/08/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Genomic studies, such as gene expression profiling and next-generation sequencing studies, have provided new insights into the phenotypic characteristics and pathogenesis of mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas. In particular, mutations in the transcription factors ID3 and TCF3, leading to overexpression of B-cell receptor components such as VPREB3, have been shown to be specific for Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and play an important tumourigenic role by mediating the activation of the pro-survival phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase pathway. We performed immunohistochemical analysis by applying commercially available anti-VPREB3 antibody to a large cohort of 185 genetically and immunophenotypically characterized mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas and analyzed these results together with recent data on ID3 expression. The combined expression of both VPREB3 and ID3 was associated with a diagnosis of BL with high sensitivity (0.77), high specificity (0.75) and high negative predictive values (0.96), however, with lower positive predictive value (0.30). Double negative cases were absent in the group of BLs but could be found in approximately one third of the remaining cases of mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas. Further, we could not identify a correlation with MYC, BCL2 or BCL6 aberrations with neither VPREB3 nor ID3 expression in each of the diagnostic groups analyzed. Our results, which are in line with recently discovered mutations in next-generation sequencing studies, suggest that the combined immunohistochemical detection of VPREB3 and ID3 is applicable to the routine diagnostic in case of mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas. In particular, it represents a useful and routinely applicable diagnostic tool to exclude BL diagnosis in case of single positive or double negative cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Soldini
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|