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Xu M, Ho V, Lavoué J, Olsson A, Schüz J, Richardson L, Parent ME, McLaughlin JR, Demers PA, Guénel P, Radoi L, Wichmann HE, Ahrens W, Jöckel KH, Consonni D, Landi MT, Richiardi L, Simonato L, 't' Mannetje A, Świątkowska B, Field JK, Pearce N, Siemiatycki J. Prevalent occupational exposures and risk of lung cancer among women: Results from the application of the Canadian Job-Exposure Matrix (CANJEM) to a combined set of ten case-control studies. Am J Ind Med 2024; 67:200-213. [PMID: 38192156 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in women. The present study explored associations between occupational exposures that are prevalent among women, and lung cancer. METHODS Data from 10 case-control studies of lung cancer from Europe, Canada, and New Zealand conducted between 1988 and 2008 were combined. Lifetime occupational history and information on nonoccupational factors including smoking were available for 3040 incident lung cancer cases and 4187 controls. We linked each reported job to the Canadian Job-Exposure Matrix (CANJEM), which provided estimates of probability, intensity, and frequency of exposure to each selected agent in each job. For this analysis, we selected 15 agents (cleaning agents, biocides, cotton dust, synthetic fibers, formaldehyde, cooking fumes, organic solvents, cellulose, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from petroleum, ammonia, metallic dust, alkanes C18+, iron compounds, isopropanol, and calcium carbonate) that had lifetime exposure prevalence of at least 5% in the combined study population. For each agent, we estimated lung cancer risk in each study center for ever-exposure, by duration of exposure, and by cumulative exposure, using separate logistic regression models adjusted for smoking and other covariates. We then estimated the meta-odds ratios using random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS None of the agents assessed showed consistent and compelling associations with lung cancer among women. The following agents showed elevated odds ratio in some analyses: metallic dust, iron compounds, isopropanol, and organic solvents. Future research into occupational lung cancer risk factors among women should prioritize these agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Xu
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Vikki Ho
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Jérôme Lavoué
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Ann Olsson
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Schüz
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Lesley Richardson
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Marie-Elise Parent
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - John R McLaughlin
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Paul A Demers
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Ontario Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Pascal Guénel
- Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team Exposome and Heredity, U1018 Inserm, Institut Gustave Roussy, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Loredana Radoi
- Center for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team Exposome and Heredity, U1018 Inserm, Institut Gustave Roussy, University Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Heinz-Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München-German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Ahrens
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dario Consonni
- Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Simonato
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea 't' Mannetje
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - John K Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Neil Pearce
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Jack Siemiatycki
- University of Montreal Hospital Research Center (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
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Stephan-Recaido SC, Peckham TK, Lavoué J, Baker MG. Characterizing the Burden of Occupational Chemical Exposures by Sociodemographic Groups in the United States, 2021. Am J Public Health 2024; 114:57-67. [PMID: 38091568 PMCID: PMC10726941 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2023.307461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Objectives. To estimate the number and prevalence of workers in the United States exposed to chemical hazards available in the Canadian job-exposure matrix (CANJEM) database and examine exposure disparities across sociodemographic groups. Methods. We merged US worker demographic data from the Current Population Survey with CANJEM to characterize the burden and sociodemographic distribution of 244 chemical exposures in the United States in 2021. An interactive version of the full data set is available online (https://deohs.washington.edu/us-exposure-burden). Results. Of the chemical exposures examined, the most prevalent were cleaning and antimicrobial agents (14.7% of workforce estimated exposed), engine emissions (12.8%), organic solvents (12.1%), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (10.1%), and diesel engine emissions (8.3%). Racial and ethnic minoritized groups, persons with lower educational attainment, foreign-born noncitizens, and males were generally overrepresented in exposure to work-related chemical hazards. Conclusions. In the United States, marginalized sociodemographic groups are estimated to experience an inequitable burden to many chemical exposures because of occupational segregation. Data from this analysis can inform occupational and public health research, policy, and interventions aimed at reducing the burden of disease and health inequities in the United States. (Am J Public Health. 2024;114(1):57-67. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2023.307461).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley C Stephan-Recaido
- Shelley C. Stephan-Recaido and Marissa G. Baker are with the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle. Trevor K. Peckham is with the Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County, Seattle, and the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health. Jérôme Lavoué is with the University of Montreal Hospital Research Center and the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Trevor K Peckham
- Shelley C. Stephan-Recaido and Marissa G. Baker are with the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle. Trevor K. Peckham is with the Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County, Seattle, and the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health. Jérôme Lavoué is with the University of Montreal Hospital Research Center and the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jérôme Lavoué
- Shelley C. Stephan-Recaido and Marissa G. Baker are with the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle. Trevor K. Peckham is with the Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County, Seattle, and the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health. Jérôme Lavoué is with the University of Montreal Hospital Research Center and the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marissa G Baker
- Shelley C. Stephan-Recaido and Marissa G. Baker are with the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle. Trevor K. Peckham is with the Hazardous Waste Management Program in King County, Seattle, and the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health. Jérôme Lavoué is with the University of Montreal Hospital Research Center and the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Huntley CC, Bhomra P, Walters GI. Job exposure matrices for occupational respiratory disease: a narrative review. Occup Med (Lond) 2023; 73:263-267. [PMID: 37253148 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqad064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Job exposure matrices (JEMs) are epidemiological tools used to provide estimations of occupational exposures when it is not feasible to complete detailed individual occupational histories. AIMS To identify and summarize the characteristics of published general population JEMs (GPJEM) of inhalable occupational exposures applied in studies of respiratory disease. METHODS MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched using pre-defined search terms, with screening performed by two independent reviewers to identify studies reporting the use of a GPJEM. JEM creation papers were subsequently identified and reviewed for each individual GPJEM, noting its characteristics in terms of occupational classification system and exposure estimates. RESULTS From 728 studies identified in initial searches, 33 GPJEMs of inhalable occupational exposures were identified. Versions of the International Standards Classification of Occupations were the most used occupational classification system. Binary, probability and intensity-based exposure estimates were most frequently reported in GPJEMs. CONCLUSIONS Selection of a GPJEM to apply in epidemiological research should be based on the exposure(s) of interest, time period of occupations under review, geographical region for intended use, occupation classification system used and the exposure estimate outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Huntley
- Occupational and Interstitial Lung Disease Services, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B3 3HX, UK
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - P Bhomra
- Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, Wolverhampton WV10 0QP, UK
| | - G I Walters
- Occupational and Interstitial Lung Disease Services, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B3 3HX, UK
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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