1
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Hudel L, Kappeler PM. Sex-specific movement ecology of the shortest-lived tetrapod during the mating season. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10053. [PMID: 35710848 PMCID: PMC9203456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14156-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex-specific reproductive strategies are shaped by the distribution of potential mates in space and time. Labord’s chameleon (Furcifer labordi) from southwestern Madagascar is the shortest-lived tetrapod whose life-time mating opportunities are restricted to a few weeks. Given that these chameleons grow to sexual maturity within about three months and that all individuals die soon after breeding, their mating strategies should be adapted to these temporal constraints. The reproductive tactics of this or any other Malagasy chameleon species have not been studied, however. Radio-tracking and observations of 21 females and 18 males revealed that females exhibit high site fidelity, move small cumulative and linear distances, have low corresponding dispersal ratios and small occurrence distributions. In contrast, males moved larger distances in less predictable fashion, resulting in dispersal ratios and occurrence distributions 7–14 times larger than those of females, and males also had greater ranges of their vertical distribution. Despite synchronous hatching, males exhibited substantial inter-individual variation in body mass and snout-vent length that was significantly greater than in females, but apparently unrelated to their spatial tactics. Females mated with up to 6 individually-known mates, but frequent encounters with unmarked individuals indicate that much higher number of matings may be common, as are damaging fights among males. Thus, unlike perennial chameleons, F. labordi males do not seem to maintain and defend territories. Instead, they invest vastly more time and energy into locomotion for their body size than other species. Pronounced variation in key somatic traits may hint at the existence of alternative reproductive tactics, but its causes and consequences require further study. This first preliminary study of the mating system of a Malagasy chameleon indicates that, as in other semelparous tetrapods, accelerated life histories are tied to a mating system with intense contest and scramble competition among males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Hudel
- Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Kellnerweg 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Peter M Kappeler
- Department of Sociobiology/Anthropology, University of Göttingen, Kellnerweg 6, 37077, Göttingen, Germany. .,Behavioral Ecology Unit, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute of Primate Biology, Kellnerweg 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
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2
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OUP accepted manuscript. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blac008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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3
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Information content of ultraviolet-reflecting colour patches and visual perception of body coloration in the Tyrrhenian wall lizard Podarcis tiliguerta. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-021-03023-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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4
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Kawamoto A, Le Galliard JF, Badiane A. The role of social costs as a mechanism enforcing the honesty of ultraviolet-reflecting signals in a lizard. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blab008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
According to animal signalling theory, social costs incurred by aggressive conspecifics are one mechanism maintaining signal honesty. Although our understanding of signal evolution has much improved for pigment-based colours, the mechanisms maintaining the honesty of structural colour signals, such as ultraviolet (UV), remain elusive. Here, we used the common lizard (Zootoca vivipara) to test whether the honesty of UV-reflecting signals displayed on male throats is under social control. To do so, we staged agonistic interactions between non-manipulated focal males and opponents of either larger or smaller body size. We manipulated the UV component of the male throat colour patch to create small cheaters with UV-enhanced throats, large cheaters with UV-reduced throats, and their respective controls. In support of a conventional signal hypothesis, focal males were aggressive towards large cheaters and became submissive when these large cheaters retaliated, and were less submissive against small cheaters. However, that focal males were not more aggressive towards small cheaters contradicts our initial predictions. We confirm that male UV reflectance and bite force were good predictors of contest outcomes in control conditions. Overall, we provide partial evidence suggesting that social costs enforce UV signal honesty in common lizards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kawamoto
- Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement (IEES), CNRS, IRD, INRA, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jean-François Le Galliard
- Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement (IEES), CNRS, IRD, INRA, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
- Centre de recherche en écologie expérimentale et prédictive (CEREEP-Ecotron IleDeFrance), Département de biologie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, PSL Research University, UMS 3194, 11 Chemin de Busseau, 77140 Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours, France
| | - Arnaud Badiane
- Institut d’écologie et des sciences de l’environnement (IEES), CNRS, IRD, INRA, Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France
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5
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Multiple signals predict male mating success in the lek-mating lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-020-02920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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6
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Saitta ET, Stockdale MT, Longrich NR, Bonhomme V, Benton MJ, Cuthill IC, Makovicky PJ. An effect size statistical framework for investigating sexual dimorphism in non-avian dinosaurs and other extinct taxa. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Despite reports of sexual dimorphism in extinct taxa, such claims in non-avian dinosaurs have been rare over the last decade and have often been criticized. Since dimorphism is widespread in sexually reproducing organisms today, under-reporting in the literature might suggest either methodological shortcomings or that this diverse group exhibited highly unusual reproductive biology. Univariate significance testing, especially for bimodality, is ineffective and prone to false negatives. Species recognition and mutual sexual selection hypotheses, therefore, may not be required to explain supposed absence of sexual dimorphism across the grade (a type II error). Instead, multiple lines of evidence support sexual selection and variation of structures consistent with secondary sexual characteristics, strongly suggesting sexual dimorphism in non-avian dinosaurs. We propose a framework for studying sexual dimorphism in fossils, focusing on likely secondary sexual traits and testing against all alternate hypotheses for variation in them using multiple lines of evidence. We use effect size statistics appropriate for low sample sizes, rather than significance testing, to analyse potential divergence of growth curves in traits and constrain estimates for dimorphism magnitude. In many cases, estimates of sexual variation can be reasonably accurate, and further developments in methods to improve sex assignments and account for intrasexual variation (e.g. mixture modelling) will improve accuracy. It is better to compare estimates for the magnitude of and support for dimorphism between datasets than to dichotomously reject or fail to reject monomorphism in a single species, enabling the study of sexual selection across phylogenies and time. We defend our approach with simulated and empirical data, including dinosaur data, showing that even simple approaches can yield fairly accurate estimates of sexual variation in many cases, allowing for comparison of species with high and low support for sexual variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan T Saitta
- Life Sciences Section, Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Nicholas R Longrich
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry and Milner Centre for Evolution, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Vincent Bonhomme
- Institut des sciences de l’évolution, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Innes C Cuthill
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Peter J Makovicky
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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7
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López Juri G, Rossi N, Chiaraviglio M, Cardozo G. Phenotypic diversity and its relationship to reproductive potential in changing social contexts in a lizard model. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Phenotype in lizards is related to reproductive function, and hence to reproductive output. Besides the intraspecific diversity in phenotypes, their temporal variation throughout the reproductive season in relation to the variation of social contexts builds extra complexity into sexual selection scenarios. One useful model for understanding phenotypic diversity dynamics is Tropidurus spinulosus because it presents sexual dimorphism in different phenotypic traits, dichromatism in regions related to reproductive behaviour, and it has intense social reproductive interactions. We aimed to evaluate how the reproductive and phenotypic traits of individuals vary with changing social contexts, and how intrasexual phenotypic diversity and reproductive potential are explained by the phenotypic traits. In this study, we used data obtained during four consecutive breeding seasons (2015–2018) in a wild population. The social context, characterized according to the operational sex ratio, varied between months and, therefore, some phenotypic and reproductive traits also varied. We found that body robustness and chromatic diversity were the main sources of phenotypic diversity and were related to reproductive traits in both sexes. Our results help to understand the dynamics and reproductive implications of phenotypic diversity in changing social contexts in a lizard social model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe López Juri
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nicola Rossi
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Margarita Chiaraviglio
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Cardozo
- Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, Córdoba, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal (IDEA), Córdoba, Argentina
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8
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Wiens JJ, Tuschhoff E. Songs versus colours versus horns: what explains the diversity of sexually selected traits? Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:847-864. [PMID: 32092241 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Papers on sexual selection often highlight the incredible diversity of sexually selected traits across animals. Yet, few studies have tried to explain why this diversity evolved. Animals use many different types of traits to attract mates and outcompete rivals, including colours, songs, and horns, but it remains unclear why, for example, some taxa have songs, others have colours, and others horns. Here, we first conduct a systematic survey of the basic diversity and distribution of different types of sexually selected signals and weapons across the animal Tree of Life. Based on this survey, we describe seven major patterns in trait diversity and distributions. We then discuss 10 unanswered questions raised by these patterns, and how they might be addressed. One major pattern is that most types of sexually selected signals and weapons are apparently absent from most animal phyla (88%), in contrast to the conventional wisdom that a diversity of sexually selected traits is present across animals. Furthermore, most trait diversity is clustered in Arthropoda and Chordata, but only within certain clades. Within these clades, many different types of traits have evolved, and many types appear to have evolved repeatedly. By contrast, other major arthropod and chordate clades appear to lack all or most trait types, and similar patterns are repeated at smaller phylogenetic scales (e.g. within insects). Although most research on sexual selection focuses on female choice, we find similar numbers of traits (among sampled species) are involved in male contests (44%) and female choice (55%). Overall, these patterns are largely unexplained and unexplored, as are many other fundamental questions about the evolution of these traits. We suggest that understanding the diversity of sexually selected traits may require a shift towards macroevolutionary studies at relatively deep timescales (e.g. tens to hundreds of millions of years ago).
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Affiliation(s)
- John J Wiens
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0088, U.S.A
| | - E Tuschhoff
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721-0088, U.S.A
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9
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Frýdlová P, Mrzílková J, Šeremeta M, Křemen J, Dudák J, Žemlička J, Němec P, Velenský P, Moravec J, Koleška D, Zahradníčková V, Jirásek T, Kodym P, Frynta D, Zach P. Universality of indeterminate growth in lizards rejected: the micro-CT reveals contrasting timing of growth cartilage persistence in iguanas, agamas, and chameleons. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18913. [PMID: 31831851 PMCID: PMC6908584 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54573-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Squamate reptiles are considered to exhibit indeterminate growth. Nevertheless, current literature disputes the available definitions of this growth type, presents new theoretical models, and questions its universality in cold-blooded vertebrates. We have followed up on our previous research employing micro-CT to explore growth plate cartilage (GPC) in the epiphysis of long bones, which is responsible for longitudinal skeletal growth by the endochondral ossification process. We focused on numerous and highly diversified group of the Iguania clade comprising Acrodonta (agamas and chameleons) and Pleurodonta ("iguanas"). We recorded the absence of GPC in most of the examined adult Pleurodonta specimens and interpret it as an irreversible arrest of skeletal growth. This finding clearly rejects the universality of indeterminate growth in lizards. On the other hand, we found apparent GPC preservation in most of the adult specimens belonging to Acrodonta. This suggests a preserved ability to continue body growth throughout most of their life. We discuss the uncovered disparity between Acrodonta and Pleurodonta and emphasize the importance of GPC degradation timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Frýdlová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 2411/87, CZ-10000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Mrzílková
- Specialized laboratory of experimental imaging, Ruská 2411/87, CZ-10000, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 2411/87, CZ-10000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Šeremeta
- Specialized laboratory of experimental imaging, Ruská 2411/87, CZ-10000, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 2411/87, CZ-10000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Křemen
- Specialized laboratory of experimental imaging, Ruská 2411/87, CZ-10000, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 2411/87, CZ-10000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dudák
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Husova 5, CZ-11000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Žemlička
- Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, Czech Technical University in Prague, Husova 5, CZ-11000, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Němec
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Velenský
- Prague Zoo, U Trojského Zámku 3, CZ-17100, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Moravec
- Department of Zoology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ-19300, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Koleška
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, CZ-16500, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Zahradníčková
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Jirásek
- Zoological and Botanical Garden Pilsen, Pod Vinicemi 9, CZ-30116, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Kodym
- National Institute of Public Health, Šrobárova 48, CZ-10042, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Frynta
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, CZ-12844, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Petr Zach
- Specialized laboratory of experimental imaging, Ruská 2411/87, CZ-10000, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Ruská 2411/87, CZ-10000, Prague, Czech Republic
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10
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Baird TA, Baird TD, Shine R. War and peace: plasticity of aggression and the social context of displays in male Australian Water Dragons. Evol Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-019-10018-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Baeckens S, Driessens T, Huyghe K, Vanhooydonck B, Van Damme R. Intraspecific Variation in the Information Content of an Ornament: Why Relative Dewlap Size Signals Bite Force in Some, But Not All Island Populations of Anolis sagrei. Integr Comp Biol 2018; 58:25-37. [PMID: 29697838 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icy012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In many animals, male secondary sexual traits advertise reliable information on fighting capacity in a male-male context. The iconic sexual signaling device of anole lizards, the dewlap, has been extensively studied in this respect. For several territorial anole species (experiencing strong intrasexual selection), there is evidence for a positive association between dewlap size and bite capacity, which is an important determinant of combat outcome in lizards. Intriguingly, earlier studies did not find this expected correlation (relative dewlap size-relative bite force) in the highly territorial brown anole lizard, Anolis sagrei. We hypothesize that the dewlap size-bite force relationship can differ among populations of the same species due to interpopulation variation in the degree of male-male competition. In line with this thought, we expect dewlap size to serve as a reliable predictor of bite performance only in those populations where the level of intrasexual selection is high. To tackle this hypothesis, we examined the relationship between male dewlap size and bite force on the intraspecific level in A. sagrei, using an extensive dataset encompassing information from 17 island populations distributed throughout the Caribbean. First, we assessed and compared the relationship between both variables in the 17 populations under study. Second, we linked the relative dewlap size-bite force relationship within each population to variation in the degree of intrasexual selection among populations, using sexual size dimorphism and dewlap display intensity as surrogate measures. Our results showed that absolute dewlap size is an excellent predictor of maximum bite force in nearly all A. sagrei populations. However, relative dewlap size is only an honest signal of bite performance in 4 out of the 17 populations. Surprisingly, the level of signal honesty did not correlate with the strength of intrasexual selection. We offer a number of conceptual and methodological explanations for this unexpected finding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Baeckens
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium.,Museum of Comparative Zoology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tess Driessens
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Katleen Huyghe
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Bieke Vanhooydonck
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
| | - Raoul Van Damme
- Laboratory of Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
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12
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Ligon RA, McGraw KJ. A chorus of color: hierarchical and graded information content of rapid color change signals in chameleons. Behav Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/ary076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Russell A Ligon
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Kevin J McGraw
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
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13
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Prötzel D, Vences M, Hawlitschek O, Scherz MD, Ratsoavina FM, Glaw F. Endangered beauties: micro-CT cranial osteology, molecular genetics and external morphology reveal three new species of chameleons in the Calumma boettgeri complex (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Prötzel
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstraße, München, Germany
| | - Miguel Vences
- Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oliver Hawlitschek
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstraße, München, Germany
| | - Mark D Scherz
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstraße, München, Germany
- Zoological Institute, Technical University of Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstraße, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Fanomezana M Ratsoavina
- Mention Zoologie et Biodiversité Animale, Département Biologie, Université d’Antananarivo, BP, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Frank Glaw
- Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstraße, München, Germany
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14
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Prötzel D, Heß M, Scherz MD, Schwager M, Padje AV, Glaw F. Widespread bone-based fluorescence in chameleons. Sci Rep 2018; 8:698. [PMID: 29335580 PMCID: PMC5768862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence is widespread in marine organisms but uncommon in terrestrial tetrapods. We here show that many chameleon species have bony tubercles protruding from the skull that are visible through their scales, and fluoresce under UV light. Tubercles arising from bones of the skull displace all dermal layers other than a thin, transparent layer of epidermis, creating a ‘window’ onto the bone. In the genus Calumma, the number of these tubercles is sexually dimorphic in most species, suggesting a signalling role, and also strongly reflects species groups, indicating systematic value of these features. Co-option of the known fluorescent properties of bone has never before been shown, yet it is widespread in the chameleons of Madagascar and some African chameleon genera, particularly in those genera living in forested, humid habitats known to have a higher relative component of ambient UV light. The fluorescence emits with a maximum at around 430 nm in blue colour which contrasts well to the green and brown background reflectance of forest habitats. This discovery opens new avenues in the study of signalling among chameleons and sexual selection factors driving ornamentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Prötzel
- Department of Herpetology, Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247, München, Germany
| | - Martin Heß
- Department Biologie II, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Großhaderner Straße 2, 82152, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Mark D Scherz
- Department of Herpetology, Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247, München, Germany
| | - Martina Schwager
- Department of Applied Sciences and Mechatronics, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Lothstr. 34, 80335, München, Germany
| | - Anouk Van't Padje
- Department of Herpetology, Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247, München, Germany.,Department of Ecological Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Glaw
- Department of Herpetology, Zoologische Staatssammlung München (ZSM-SNSB), Münchhausenstr. 21, 81247, München, Germany.
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15
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Highly variable lifespan in an annual reptile, Labord's chameleon (Furcifer labordi). Sci Rep 2017; 7:11397. [PMID: 28900276 PMCID: PMC5595997 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Among tetrapods, the current record holder for shortest lifespan is Labord’s chameleon, Furcifer labordi. These reptiles from the arid southwest of Madagascar have a reported lifespan of 4–5 months during the annual rainy season and spend the majority of their life (8–9 months) as a developing embryo. This semelparous, annual life history is unique among tetrapods, but only one population (Ranobe) in the southernmost distribution range has been studied. We therefore investigated the potential for environmentally-dependent variability in lifespan in a population in Kirindy Forest, which has a much longer warm rainy season. While no adults were found after March in Ranobe, the disappearance of adults was delayed by several months in Kirindy. Our data also revealed sex-biased mortality, suggesting that females have a longevity advantage. Furthermore, we found that, after an unusually long previous rainy season, one female was capable of surviving until a second breeding season. Keeping F. labordi in cages under ambient conditions demonstrated that also males can also survive until the next season of activity under these conditions. Our study therefore revealed considerable variability in the extreme life history of this tetrapod that is linked to variation in ecological factors.
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16
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Quirola DR, Mármol A, Torres-Carvajal O, Narváez AE, Ayala-Varela F, Moore IT. Use of a rostral appendage during social interactions in the Ecuadorian Anolis proboscis. J NAT HIST 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2017.1332790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego R. Quirola
- Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrés Mármol
- Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Omar Torres-Carvajal
- Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Andrea E. Narváez
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia
| | - Fernando Ayala-Varela
- Museo de Zoología, Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Ignacio T. Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Blengini CS, Naretto S, Cardozo G, Giojalas LC, Chiaraviglio M. Relationship between pre- and post-copulatory traits inSalvator rufescens(Squamata: Teiidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia S. Blengini
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal IDEA (CONICET-UNC); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Av. Vélez Sársfield 299 CP: X5000JJC Córdoba Argentina
| | - Sergio Naretto
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal IDEA (CONICET-UNC); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Av. Vélez Sársfield 299 CP: X5000JJC Córdoba Argentina
| | - Gabriela Cardozo
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal IDEA (CONICET-UNC); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Av. Vélez Sársfield 299 CP: X5000JJC Córdoba Argentina
| | - Laura C. Giojalas
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (UNC-CONICET) and Centro de Biología Celular y Molecular (UNC); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Argentina. Av. Velez Sarsfield 1611; CP: X5016GCA Córdoba Argentina
| | - Margarita Chiaraviglio
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales; Instituto de Diversidad y Ecología Animal IDEA (CONICET-UNC); Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Av. Vélez Sársfield 299 CP: X5000JJC Córdoba Argentina
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18
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Resetarits EJ, Raxworthy CJ. Hidden in Plain Sight: How Ventral Line Markings in Chameleons May Enhance Camouflage. Am Nat 2016; 187:262-73. [PMID: 26807752 DOI: 10.1086/684412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chameleons, lizards often synonymous with camouflage for their color-changing abilities, possess a variety of permanent coloration patterns whose evolutionary significance remains largely unknown. In this study, we explore the potential for white ventral line markings in species across the genus Chamaeleonidae to function as a camouflage pattern against diurnal predators. Diurnal behavioral field studies of the white-lined chameleon Furcifer viridis showed that individuals typically exposed ventral line markings during the characteristic ring-flip antipredator behavior in response to a predatory threat. These ventral line markings are largely inconspicuous in other postures. Comparative morphological analyses of 86 species found that there was a significant positive correlation between ventral line markings with arboreal habitat type, even when accounting for phylogeny. These results suggest that ventral line markings (and the ring-flip behavior) could act as a disruptive or mimetic coloration marking for arboreal chameleons against visual diurnal predators. Further work testing differential predation rates is necessary in order to verify the proposed function of these line markings.
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19
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Cardozo G, Naretto S, Blengini CS, Chiaraviglio M. Phenotypic Diversity in Female Body Shape is Related to Reproductive Potential inTupinambis merianaeLizards. ANN ZOOL FENN 2015. [DOI: 10.5735/086.052.0301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Pérez i de Lanuza G, Font E, Monterde JL. Using visual modelling to study the evolution of lizard coloration: sexual selection drives the evolution of sexual dichromatism in lacertids. J Evol Biol 2013; 26:1826-35. [DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Pérez i de Lanuza
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - E. Font
- Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
| | - J. L. Monterde
- Geometry and Topology Department; University of Valencia; Valencia Spain
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21
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Baird TA. Male collared lizards,Crotaphytus collaris(Sauria: Crotaphytidae), signal females by broadcasting visual displays. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Troy A. Baird
- Department of Biology; University of Central Oklahoma; 100 North University Drive Edmond OK 73034 USA
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22
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Vroonen J, Vervust B, Van Damme R. Melanin-based colouration as a potential indicator of male quality in the lizard Zootoca vivipara (Squamata: Lacertidae). AMPHIBIA-REPTILIA 2013. [DOI: 10.1163/15685381-00002916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In many animals, aspects of colouration are hypothesized to convey information on the body condition or quality of individuals. This idea has been tested primarily for the carotenoid-based component of body colouration. The significance of other pigments in this context has received far less attention. In the common lizard, Zootoca vivipara, the degree of black patterning on the ventrum and throats is sexually dimorphic and varies considerably among individuals. In this study, we examine whether this melanin-based component of body colouration may reflect individual differences in quality (SVL, condition, immune response). We find that males (but not females) with a higher degree of ventral patterning mount a stronger phytohemagglutinin-induced immune response. The amount of black patterning does not correlate with body size, body condition, aspects of dorsal colouration or parasite load. We conclude that in male Zootoca vivipara, melanin-based ventral colouration may signal an aspect of immune capacity to sexual rivals or potential partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Vroonen
- 1Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Bart Vervust
- 2Institute of Biology, Department of Integrative Zoology, University of Leiden, Sylviusweg 72, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul Van Damme
- 1Functional Morphology, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, BE-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
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23
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Johnston GR, Lee MSY, Surasinghe TD. Morphology and allometry suggest multiple origins of rostral appendages in Sri Lankan agamid lizards. J Zool (1987) 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.2012.00962.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. R. Johnston
- Vertebrates Section; South Australian Museum; Adelaide; SA; Australia
| | | | - T. D. Surasinghe
- School of Agricultural, Forest and Environmental Sciences; Clemson University; Clemson; SC; USA
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24
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Ecology of the Flap-Necked Chameleon Chamaeleo dilepis In Southern Africa. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3099/532.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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Huyghe K, Vanhooydonck B, Herrel A, Tadić Z, Van Damme R. Female lizards ignore the sweet scent of success: Male characteristics implicated in female mate preference. ZOOLOGY 2012; 115:217-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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26
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RUNEMARK ANNA, SVENSSON ERIKI. Sexual selection as a promoter of population divergence in male phenotypic characters: a study on mainland and islet lizard populations. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2012.01866.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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27
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Henningsen JP, Irschick DJ. An experimental test of the effect of signal size and performance capacity on dominance in the green anole lizard. Funct Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2435.2011.01893.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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HOPKINS KEVINP, TOLLEY KRYSTALA. Morphological variation in the Cape Dwarf Chameleon (Bradypodion pumilum) as a consequence of spatially explicit habitat structure differences. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01618.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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29
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Cardozo G, Chiaraviglio M. Phenotypic plasticity of life history traits in relation to reproductive strategies in Boa constrictor occidentalis. Evol Ecol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-011-9465-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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