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Martín‐Illán JÁ, Suárez JA, Gómez‐Herrero J, Ares P, Gallego‐Fuente D, Cheng Y, Zhao D, Maspoch D, Zamora F. Ultralarge Free-Standing Imine-Based Covalent Organic Framework Membranes Fabricated via Compression. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104643. [PMID: 35038248 PMCID: PMC8895050 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Demand continues for processing methods to shape covalent organic frameworks (COFs) into macroscopic objects that are needed for their practical applications. Herein, a simple compression method to prepare large-scale, free-standing homogeneous and porous imine-based COF-membranes with dimensions in the centimeter range and excellent mechanical properties is reported. This method entails the compression of imine-based COF-aerogels, which undergo a morphological change from an elastic to plastic material. The COF-membranes fabricated upon compression show good performances for the separation of gas mixtures of industrial interest, N2 /CO2 and CH4 /CO2 . It is believed that the new procedure paves the way to a broader range of COF-membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Antonio Suárez
- Departamento de Química InorgánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)CSIC and BISTCampus UAB BellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
| | - Julio Gómez‐Herrero
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
| | - Pablo Ares
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
| | - Daniel Gallego‐Fuente
- Departamento de Física de la Materia CondensadaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
| | - Youdong Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4Singapore117585Singapore
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular EngineeringNational University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 4Singapore117585Singapore
| | - Daniel Maspoch
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)CSIC and BISTCampus UAB BellaterraBarcelona08193Spain
- ICREAPg. Lluís Companys 23Barcelona08010Spain
| | - Félix Zamora
- Departamento de Química InorgánicaUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA‐Nanociencia)CantoblancoMadrid28049Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem)Universidad Autónoma de MadridMadrid28049Spain
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2
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Abstract
Nonlinear mechanics of solids is an exciting field that encompasses both beautiful mathematics, such as the emergence of instabilities and the formation of complex patterns, as well as multiple applications. Two-dimensional crystals and van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures allow revisiting this field on the atomic level, allowing much finer control over the parameters and offering atomistic interpretation of experimental observations. In this work, we consider the formation of instabilities consisting of radially oriented wrinkles around mono- and few-layer "bubbles" in two-dimensional vdW heterostructures. Interestingly, the shape and wavelength of the wrinkles depend not only on the thickness of the two-dimensional crystal forming the bubble, but also on the atomistic structure of the interface between the bubble and the substrate, which can be controlled by their relative orientation. We argue that the periodic nature of these patterns emanates from an energetic balance between the resistance of the top membrane to bending, which favors large wavelength of wrinkles, and the membrane-substrate vdW attraction, which favors small wrinkle amplitude. Employing the classical "Winkler foundation" model of elasticity theory, we show that the number of radial wrinkles conveys a valuable relationship between the bending rigidity of the top membrane and the strength of the vdW interaction. Armed with this relationship, we use our data to demonstrate a nontrivial dependence of the bending rigidity on the number of layers in the top membrane, which shows two different regimes driven by slippage between the layers, and a high sensitivity of the vdW force to the alignment between the substrate and the membrane.
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3
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Alexeev EM, Mullin N, Ares P, Nevison-Andrews H, Skrypka O, Godde T, Kozikov A, Hague L, Wang Y, Novoselov KS, Fumagalli L, Hobbs JK, Tartakovskii AI. Emergence of Highly Linearly Polarized Interlayer Exciton Emission in MoSe 2/WSe 2 Heterobilayers with Transfer-Induced Layer Corrugation. ACS NANO 2020; 14:11110-11119. [PMID: 32803959 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The availability of accessible fabrication methods based on deterministic transfer of atomically thin crystals has been essential for the rapid expansion of research into van der Waals heterostructures. An inherent issue of these techniques is the deformation of the polymer carrier film during the transfer, which can lead to highly nonuniform strain induced in the transferred two-dimensional material. Here, using a combination of optical spectroscopy, atomic force, and Kelvin probe force microscopy, we show that the presence of nanometer scale wrinkles formed due to transfer-induced stress relaxation can lead to strong changes in the optical properties of MoSe2/WSe2 heterostructures and the emergence of linearly polarized interlayer exciton photoluminescence. We attribute these changes to local breaking of crystal symmetry in the nanowrinkles, which act as efficient accumulation centers for interlayer excitons due to the strain-induced interlayer band gap reduction. Surface potential images of the rippled heterobilayer samples acquired using Kelvin probe force microscopy reveal variations of the local work function consistent with strain-induced band gap modulation, while the potential offset observed at the ridges of the wrinkles shows a clear correlation with the value of the tensile strain estimated from the wrinkle geometry. Our findings highlight the important role of the residual strain in defining optical properties of van der Waals heterostructures and suggest effective approaches for interlayer exciton manipulation by local strain engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny M Alexeev
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Nic Mullin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Pablo Ares
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Harriet Nevison-Andrews
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Oleksandr Skrypka
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Tillmann Godde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksey Kozikov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Lee Hague
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Yibo Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Kostya S Novoselov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 117546 Singapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 400714 China
| | - Laura Fumagalli
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Booth Street East, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Jamie K Hobbs
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7RH, United Kingdom
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4
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Marin-Gonzalez A, Pastrana CL, Bocanegra R, Martín-González A, Vilhena JG, Pérez R, Ibarra B, Aicart-Ramos C, Moreno-Herrero F. Understanding the paradoxical mechanical response of in-phase A-tracts at different force regimes. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:5024-5036. [PMID: 32282908 PMCID: PMC7229863 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A-tracts are A:T rich DNA sequences that exhibit unique structural and mechanical properties associated with several functions in vivo. The crystallographic structure of A-tracts has been well characterized. However, the mechanical properties of these sequences is controversial and their response to force remains unexplored. Here, we rationalize the mechanical properties of in-phase A-tracts present in the Caenorhabditis elegans genome over a wide range of external forces, using single-molecule experiments and theoretical polymer models. Atomic Force Microscopy imaging shows that A-tracts induce long-range (∼200 nm) bending, which originates from an intrinsically bent structure rather than from larger bending flexibility. These data are well described with a theoretical model based on the worm-like chain model that includes intrinsic bending. Magnetic tweezers experiments show that the mechanical response of A-tracts and arbitrary DNA sequences have a similar dependence with monovalent salt supporting that the observed A-tract bend is intrinsic to the sequence. Optical tweezers experiments reveal a high stretch modulus of the A-tract sequences in the enthalpic regime. Our work rationalizes the complex multiscale flexibility of A-tracts, providing a physical basis for the versatile character of these sequences inside the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Marin-Gonzalez
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cesar L Pastrana
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rebeca Bocanegra
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martín-González
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - J G Vilhena
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rubén Pérez
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibarra
- IMDEA Nanociencia, C/Faraday 9, Ciudad Universitaria de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA Nanociencia) & CNB-CSIC-IMDEA Nanociencia Associated Unit 'Unidad de Nanobiotecnología', 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Aicart-Ramos
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Moreno-Herrero
- Department of Macromolecular Structures, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Manzanares-Negro Y, Ares P, Jaafar M, López-Polín G, Gómez-Navarro C, Gómez-Herrero J. Improved Graphene Blisters by Ultrahigh Pressure Sealing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:37750-37756. [PMID: 32705868 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a very attractive material for nanomechanical devices and membrane applications. Graphene blisters based on silicon oxide microcavities are a simple but relevant example of nanoactuators. A drawback of this experimental setup is that gas leakage through the graphene-SiO2 interface contributes significantly to the total leak rate. Here, we study the diffusion of air from pressurized graphene drumheads on SiO2 microcavities and propose a straightforward method to improve the already strong adhesion between graphene and the underlying SiO2 substrate, resulting in reduced leak rates. This is carried out by applying controlled and localized ultrahigh pressure (>10 GPa) with an atomic force microscopy diamond tip. With this procedure, we are able to significantly approach the graphene layer to the SiO2 surface around the drumheads, thus enhancing the interaction between them, allowing us to better seal the graphene-SiO2 interface, which is reflected in up to ∼ 4 times lower leakage rates. Our work opens an easy way to improve the performance of graphene as a gas membrane on a technological relevant substrate such as SiO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Manzanares-Negro
- Departamento de Fı́sica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center IFIMAC. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Ares
- Departamento de Fı́sica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center IFIMAC. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miriam Jaafar
- Departamento de Fı́sica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center IFIMAC. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo López-Polín
- Departamento de Fı́sica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center IFIMAC. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Gómez-Navarro
- Departamento de Fı́sica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center IFIMAC. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Gómez-Herrero
- Departamento de Fı́sica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center IFIMAC. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Supported Planar Single and Multiple Bilayer Formation by DOPC Vesicle Rupture on Mica Substrate: A Mechanism as Revealed by Atomic Force Microscopy Study. J Membr Biol 2020; 253:205-219. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-020-00117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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7
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Ares P, Cea T, Holwill M, Wang YB, Roldán R, Guinea F, Andreeva DV, Fumagalli L, Novoselov KS, Woods CR. Piezoelectricity in Monolayer Hexagonal Boron Nitride. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1905504. [PMID: 31736228 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201905504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
2D hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a wide-bandgap van der Waals crystal with a unique combination of properties, including exceptional strength, large oxidation resistance at high temperatures, and optical functionalities. Furthermore, in recent years hBN crystals have become the material of choice for encapsulating other 2D crystals in a variety of technological applications, from optoelectronic and tunneling devices to composites. Monolayer hBN, which has no center of symmetry, is predicted to exhibit piezoelectric properties, yet experimental evidence is lacking. Here, by using electrostatic force microscopy, this effect is observed as a strain-induced change in the local electric field around bubbles and creases, in agreement with theoretical calculations. No piezoelectricity is found in bilayer and bulk hBN, where the center of symmetry is restored. These results add piezoelectricity to the known properties of monolayer hBN, which makes it a desirable candidate for novel electromechanical and stretchable optoelectronic devices, and pave a way to control the local electric field and carrier concentration in van der Waals heterostructures via strain. The experimental approach used here also shows a way to investigate the piezoelectric properties of other materials on the nanoscale by using electrostatic scanning probe techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ares
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Tommaso Cea
- Imdea Nanociencia, Faraday 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Matthew Holwill
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Yi Bo Wang
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Rafael Roldán
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid, 28049, Spain
| | - Francisco Guinea
- Imdea Nanociencia, Faraday 9, Madrid, 28049, Spain
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Daria V Andreeva
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117575, Singapore
| | - Laura Fumagalli
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Konstantin S Novoselov
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117546, Singapore
- Chongqing 2D Materials Institute, Liangjiang New Area, Chongqing, 400714, China
| | - Colin R Woods
- Department of Physics & Astronomy and National Graphene Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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8
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Moreno-Moreno M, Ares P, Moreno C, Zamora F, Gómez-Navarro C, Gómez-Herrero J. AFM Manipulation of Gold Nanowires To Build Electrical Circuits. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:5459-5468. [PMID: 31369278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We introduce scanning-probe-assisted nanowire circuitry (SPANC) as a new method to fabricate electrodes for the characterization of electrical transport properties at the nanoscale. SPANC uses an atomic force microscope (AFM) to manipulate nanowires to create complex and highly conductive nanostructures (paths) that work as nanoelectrodes, allowing connectivity and electrical characterization of other nano-objects. The paths are formed by the spontaneous cold welding of gold nanowires upon mechanical contact, leading to an excellent contact resistance of ∼9 Ω/junction. SPANC is an easy to use and cost-effective technique that fabricates clean nanodevices. Hence, this new method can complement and/or be an alternative to other well-established methods to fabricate nanocircuits such as electron beam lithography (EBL). The circuits made by SPANC are easily reconfigurable, and their fabrication does not require the use of polymers and chemicals. In this work, we present a few examples that illustrate the capabilities of this method, allowing robust device fabrication and electrical characterization of several nano-objects with sizes down to ∼10 nm, well below the current smallest size able to be contacted in a device using the standard available technology (∼30 nm). Importantly, we also provide the first experimental determination of the sheet resistance of thin antimonene flakes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Moreno-Moreno
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid E-28049 , Spain
| | - Pablo Ares
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid E-28049 , Spain
| | - Consuelo Moreno
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid E-28049 , Spain
| | - Félix Zamora
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem) , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid E-28049 , Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid E-28049 , Spain
| | - Cristina Gómez-Navarro
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid E-28049 , Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid E-28049 , Spain
| | - Julio Gómez-Herrero
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid E-28049 , Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC) , Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid E-28049 , Spain
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9
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Martínez-Galera AJ, Gómez-Rodríguez JM. Pseudo-ordered distribution of Ir nanocrystals on h-BN. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:2317-2325. [PMID: 30662984 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08928k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A 2D material consisting of a pseudo-ordered distribution of Ir nanocrystals supported on a h-BN/Rh(111) surface is presented here. The particular spatial distribution of the Ir nanoparticles is achieved thanks to the existence of a large variety of adsorption positions within the pores of the h-BN/Rh(111) nanomesh template with hexagonal symmetry. The resulting deviations of nanoparticle positions with respect to a perfect hexagonal lattice, which make this material of special interest in the field of optics, can be tuned by the temperature and the amount of Ir. Upon annealing, this material undergoes slight structural changes in the temperature range of 370-570 K and much more drastic ones, due to cluster coalescence, between 670 and 770 K. This relatively high onset of coalescence is encouraging for using this 2D material as a catalyst for reactions such as the oxidation of carbon monoxide or of nitrogen monoxide, which are especially relevant in the field of environmental science. Finally, metal nanostructures exhibiting regular geometries have been created from this material using a scanning tunneling microscope tip. Because of the insulating character of h-BN, these nanostructures could be very promising to use in the design of conductive nanotracks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio J Martínez-Galera
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Ares P, Amo-Ochoa P, Soler JM, Palacios JJ, Gómez-Herrero J, Zamora F. High Electrical Conductivity of Single Metal-Organic Chains. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1705645. [PMID: 29659059 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201705645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular wires are essential components for future nanoscale electronics. However, the preparation of individual long conductive molecules is still a challenge. MMX metal-organic polymers are quasi-1D sequences of single halide atoms (X) bridging subunits with two metal ions (MM) connected by organic ligands. They are excellent electrical conductors as bulk macroscopic crystals and as nanoribbons. However, according to theoretical calculations, the electrical conductance found in the experiments should be even higher. Here, a novel and simple drop-casting procedure to isolate bundles of few to single MMX chains is demonstrated. Furthermore, an exponential dependence of the electrical resistance of one or two MMX chains as a function of their length that does not agree with predictions based on their theoretical band structure is reported. This dependence is attributed to strong Anderson localization originated by structural defects. Theoretical modeling confirms that the current is limited by structural defects, mainly vacancies of iodine atoms, through which the current is constrained to flow. Nevertheless, measurable electrical transport along distances beyond 250 nm surpasses that of all other molecular wires reported so far. This work places in perspective the role of defects in 1D wires and their importance for molecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ares
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - Pilar Amo-Ochoa
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - José M Soler
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - Juan José Palacios
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - Julio Gómez-Herrero
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
| | - Félix Zamora
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Cantoblanco, Madrid, E-28049, Spain
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11
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Johnson GE, Moser T, Engelhard M, Browning ND, Laskin J. Fabrication of electrocatalytic Ta nanoparticles by reactive sputtering and ion soft landing. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:174701. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4966199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Grant E. Johnson
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Trevor Moser
- Michigan Technological University, 1400 Townsend Drive, Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA
| | - Mark Engelhard
- Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Nigel D. Browning
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
| | - Julia Laskin
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P. O. Box 999, MSIN K8-88, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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12
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Ares P, Aguilar-Galindo F, Rodríguez-San-Miguel D, Aldave DA, Díaz-Tendero S, Alcamí M, Martín F, Gómez-Herrero J, Zamora F. Mechanical Isolation of Highly Stable Antimonene under Ambient Conditions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:6332-6336. [PMID: 27272099 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201602128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Antimonene fabricated by mechanical exfoliation is highly stable under atmospheric conditions over periods of months and even when immersed in water. Density functional theory confirms the experiments and predicts an electronic gap of ≈1 eV. These results highlight the use of antimonene for optoelectronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Ares
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
| | | | | | - Diego A Aldave
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
| | - Sergio Díaz-Tendero
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
| | - Manuel Alcamí
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Cantoblanco, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
| | - Fernando Martín
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Cantoblanco, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
| | - Julio Gómez-Herrero
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
| | - Félix Zamora
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
- Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
- Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Cantoblanco, Madrid E, 28049, Spain
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