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Xia A, Xue Z, Wang W, Zhang T, Wei T, Sha X, Ding Y, Zhou W. Naloxone Postconditioning Alleviates Rat Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting JNK Activity. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 18:67-72. [PMID: 24634599 PMCID: PMC3951826 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2014.18.1.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the alteration of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity after myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MIRI) and further explore the effect of naloxone postconditioning on MIRI. Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham operation (sham, n=8); ischemia reperfusion (IR, n=8); IR+naloxone 0.5 mg/kg (Nal L, n=8); IR+naloxone 1.0 mg/kg (Nal M, n=8); IR+naloxone 2.0 mg/kg (Nal H, n=8). Pathological changes of myocardial tissue were visualized by HE staining. The expression of p-JNK, and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes were investigated with Western blotting and the TUNEL assay, respectively. Irregular arrangement and aberrant structure of myocardial fibers, cardiomyocytes with granular or vacuolar degeneration, and inflammatory cells infiltrating the myocardial interstitial regions characterized MIRI in the IR group. Signs of myocardial injury and inflammatory infiltration were less prominent in the Nal-treated groups. The expression of p-JNK in the sham group and in all Nal-treated groups was significantly lower than that in the IR group (p<0.01). The apoptosis index of cardiomyocytes in the IR group was significantly higher than in the sham group (p< 0.01). The apoptosis indices of cardiomyocytes in all Nal-treated groups were significantly reduced to 55.4%, 26.2%, and 27.6%, respectively, of the IR group (p< 0.01). This study revealed that Naloxone postconditioning before reperfusion inhibits p-JNK expression and decreases cell apoptosis, thus alleviating MIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anzhou Xia
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhi Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tiantian Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou 221004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingzhi Sha
- Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Suining, Suining 221200, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yixun Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Suining, Suining 221200, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weidong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of Suining, Suining 221200, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
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Myocardial injury-related changes in plasma NT-proBNP and ANP concentrations in a canine model of ischemic myocardial injury. Vet J 2012; 191:46-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2010] [Revised: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 01/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Walsh SK, Kane KA, Wainwright CL. Mast cells, peptides and cardioprotection - an unlikely marriage? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 29:73-84. [PMID: 19566747 DOI: 10.1111/j.1474-8673.2009.00436.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
1 Mast cells have classically been regarded as the 'bad guys' in the setting of acute myocardial ischaemia, where their released contents are believed to contribute both to tissue injury and electrical disturbances resulting from ischaemia. Recent evidence suggests, however, that if mast cell degranulation occurs in advance of ischaemia onset, this may be cardioprotective by virtue of the depletion of mast cell contents that can no longer act as instruments of injury when the tissue becomes ischaemic. 2 Many peptides, such as ET-1, adrenomedullin, relaxin and atrial natriuretic peptide, have been demonstrated to be cardioprotective when given prior to the onset of myocardial ischaemia, although their physiological functions are varied and the mechanisms of their cardioprotective actions appear to be diverse and often ill defined. However, one common denominator that is emerging is the ability of these peptides to modulate mast cell degranulation, raising the possibility that peptide-induced mast cell degranulation or stabilization may hold the key to a common mechanism of their cardioprotection. 3 The aim of this review was to consolidate the evidence implying that mast cell degranulation could play both a detrimental and protective role in myocardial ischaemia, depending upon when it occurs, and that this may underlie the cardioprotective effects of a range of diverse peptides that exerts physiological effects within the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Walsh
- Anu Research Centre, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University College Cork, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Cork, Ireland
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Abstract
This review covers beta-phenylethylamines and isoquinoline alkaloids derived from them, including further products of oxidation. condensation with formaldehyde and rearrangement, some of which do not contain an isoquinoline system, together with naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, which have a different biogenetic origin. The occurrence of the alkaloids, with the structures of new bases, together with their reactions, syntheses and biological activities are reported. The literature from July 2002 to June 2003 is reviewed, with 568 references cited.
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