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Paone L, Szkolnicki M, DeOre BJ, Tran KA, Goldman N, Andrews AM, Ramirez SH, Galie PA. Effects of Drag-Reducing Polymers on Hemodynamics and Whole Blood-Endothelial Interactions in 3D-Printed Vascular Topologies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14457-14466. [PMID: 38488736 PMCID: PMC10982934 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Most in vitro models use culture medium to apply fluid shear stress to endothelial cells, which does not capture the interaction between blood and endothelial cells. Here, we describe a new system to characterize whole blood flow through a 3D-printed, endothelialized vascular topology that induces flow separation at a bifurcation. Drag-reducing polymers, which have been previously studied as a potential therapy to reduce the pressure drop across the vascular bed, are evaluated for their effect on mitigating the disturbed flow. Polymer concentrations of 1000 ppm prevented recirculation and disturbed flow at the wall. Proteomic analysis of plasma collected from whole blood recirculated through the vascularized channel with and without drag-reducing polymers provides insight into the effects of flow regimes on levels of proteins indicative of the endothelial-blood interaction. The results indicate that blood flow alters proteins associated with coagulation, inflammation, and other processes. Overall, these proof-of-concept experiments demonstrate the importance of using whole blood flow to study the endothelial response to perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis
S. Paone
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Matthew Szkolnicki
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Brandon J. DeOre
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Kiet A. Tran
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Noah Goldman
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Allison M. Andrews
- Department
of Pathology, Immunology, & Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Servio H. Ramirez
- Department
of Pathology, Immunology, & Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Peter A. Galie
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
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2
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Crompton D, Gudla S, Waters JH, Sundd P, Kameneva MV. Hemorheological Approach to Improve Perfusion of Red Blood Cells with Reduced Deformability Using Drag-Reducing Polymer (In Vitro Study). ASAIO J 2022; 68:707-713. [PMID: 34406139 PMCID: PMC8847539 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drag-reducing polymers (DRPs) are nontoxic water-soluble blood additives that have been shown to beneficially alter hemodynamics when delivered intravenously in nanomolar concentrations. This study examines the ability of DRPs to alter the traffic of mixtures of normal and less-deformable red blood cells (RBCs) through branched microchannels and is intended to support and expand upon previous experiments within straight capillary tubes to promote DRPs for future clinical use. Branched polydimethylsiloxane microchannels were perfused with a mixture of normal bovine RBCs also containing heat-treated less-deformable RBCs at a hematocrit of 30% with 10 ppm of the DRP poly(ethylene oxide) (MW 4M Da). Suspensions were driven by syringe pump, collected at outlets, and RBC dimensions measured while subject to shear stress to determine the proportion of healthy RBCs in each sample. DRPs eliminated evidence of the plasma skimming phenomena and significantly increased the pressure drop across microchannels. Further, DRPs were found to cause an increase in the proportion of healthy RBCs exiting the branch outlet from -8.5 ± 2.5% (control groups) to +12.1 ± 5.4% (n = 6, p = 0.02). These results suggest DRP additives may be used to improve the perfusion of less-deformable RBCs in vivo and indicates their potential for future clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Crompton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shushma Gudla
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan H. Waters
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Prithu Sundd
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Marina V. Kameneva
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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3
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Ling FW, Abdulbari HA, Kadhum WA, Heng J. Investigating the flow behavior of dilute aloe vera biopolymer solutions in microchannel. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2020.1742115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona W.M Ling
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Malaysia
| | - Hayder A. Abdulbari
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Malaysia
| | - Wafaa A. Kadhum
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Research Center, University of Technology-IRAQ, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - J.T. Heng
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF), Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Gambang, Malaysia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, 26300, Gambang, Malaysia
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4
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Ling FWM, Heidarinik S, Abdulbari HA. Organic Additives for the Enhancement of Laminar Flow in a Brain‐Vessels‐Like Microchannel Assembly. Chem Eng Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201800474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fiona W. M. Ling
- Universiti Malaysia PahangCentre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF) Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
| | - Somaye Heidarinik
- Universiti Malaysia PahangCentre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF) Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
| | - Hayder A. Abdulbari
- Universiti Malaysia PahangCentre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow (CARIFF) Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
- Universiti Malaysia PahangFaculty of Chemical and Natural Resources Engineering Lebuhraya Tun Razak 26300 Gambang, Pahang Malaysia
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5
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Abdulbari HA, Ling FWM, Hassan Z, Thin HJ. Experimental investigations on biopolymer in enhancing the liquid flow in microchannel. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.22084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayder A. Abdulbari
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - Fiona W. M. Ling
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - Zulkafli Hassan
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources; University Malaysia Pahang; Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
| | - Heng J. Thin
- Centre of Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid Flow; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Kuantan Pahang Malaysia
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Hamedi A, Moheimani SM, Sakhteman A, Etemadfard H, Moein M. An Overview on Indications and Chemical Composition of Aromatic Waters (Hydrosols) as Functional Beverages in Persian Nutrition Culture and Folk Medicine for Hyperlipidemia and Cardiovascular Conditions. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med 2017; 22:544-561. [PMID: 29228785 PMCID: PMC5871258 DOI: 10.1177/2156587216686460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrosol beverages in Persian nutrition culture and ethnomedicine are the side products of essential oil industry that are used as delicious drinks or safe remedies. To investigate indications and chemical composition of hydrosol beverages for hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular conditions, Fars province was selected as the field of study. Ethnomedical data were gathered by questionnaires. The constituents of hydrosols were extracted with liquid/liquid extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Statistical analysis were used to cluster their constituents and find the relevance of their composition. A literature survey was also performed on plants used to prepare them. Thymol was the major or second major component of these beverages, except for wormwood and olive leaf hydrosols. Based on clustering methods, although some similarities could be found, composition of barberry, will fumitory, dill, and aloe hydrosols have more differences than others. These studies may help in developing some functional beverages or new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azadeh Hamedi
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Moheimani
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sakhteman
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamed Etemadfard
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahmoodreza Moein
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Role of Bio-Based Polymers on Improving Turbulent Flow Characteristics: Materials and Application. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9060209. [PMID: 30970888 PMCID: PMC6432144 DOI: 10.3390/polym9060209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The remarkable ability of polymeric additives to reduce the level of frictional drag significantly in turbulent flow, even under extremely low dilutions, is known as turbulent drag-reduction behavior. Several bio-polymers have been assessed as promising drag-reducing agents for the potential replacement of high molecular weight synthetic polymers to improve safety and ameliorate environmental concerns. This article reviews the recent advances regarding the impact of several bio-polymer additives on turbulent drag reduction in either pipe or rotating disk flow systems, and their potential applications in the petroleum, biomedical, and agricultural industries.
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8
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Bragin DE, Kameneva MV, Bragina OA, Thomson S, Statom GL, Lara DA, Yang Y, Nemoto EM. Rheological effects of drag-reducing polymers improve cerebral blood flow and oxygenation after traumatic brain injury in rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:762-775. [PMID: 28155574 PMCID: PMC5363490 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16684153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia has been clearly demonstrated after traumatic brain injury (TBI); however, neuroprotective therapies have not focused on improvement of the cerebral microcirculation. Blood soluble drag-reducing polymers (DRP), prepared from high molecular weight polyethylene oxide, target impaired microvascular perfusion by altering the rheological properties of blood and, until our recent reports, has not been applied to the brain. We hypothesized that DRP improve cerebral microcirculation and oxygenation after TBI. DRP were studied in healthy and traumatized rat brains and compared to saline controls. Using in-vivo two-photon laser scanning microscopy over the parietal cortex, we showed that after TBI, nanomolar concentrations of intravascular DRP significantly enhanced microvascular perfusion and tissue oxygenation in peri-contusional areas, preserved blood-brain barrier integrity and protected neurons. The mechanisms of DRP effects were attributable to reduction of the near-vessel wall cell-free layer which increased near-wall blood flow velocity, microcirculatory volume flow, and number of erythrocytes entering capillaries, thereby reducing capillary stasis and tissue hypoxia as reflected by a reduction in NADH. Our results indicate that early reduction in CBF after TBI is mainly due to ischemia; however, metabolic depression of contused tissue could be also involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis E Bragin
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Marina V Kameneva
- 2 McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,3 Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,4 Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Olga A Bragina
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Susan Thomson
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Gloria L Statom
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Devon A Lara
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Yirong Yang
- 5 College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Edwin M Nemoto
- 1 Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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9
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Hu F, Wang Y, Gong K, Ge G, Cao M, Zhao P, Sun X, Zhang Z. Protective effects of drag-reducing polymers on ischemic reperfusion injury of isolated rat heart. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016; 62:1-11. [PMID: 25633566 DOI: 10.3233/ch-151925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Drag-reducing polymers (DRPs) are blood-soluble macromolecules that can increase blood flow and reduce vascular resistance. The purpose of the present study was to observe the effect of DRPs on ischemic reperfusion (I/R) injury of isolated rat hearts. Experiments were performed on isolated rat hearts subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 90 min of reperfusion in Langendorff preparations. Adult Wistar rats were divided into the following five groups: control group, I/R group, group III (I/R and 2×10(-7) g/ml PEO reperfusion), group IV (I/R and 1×10(-6) g/ml PEO reperfusion), and group V (I/R and 5×10(-6) g/ml PEO reperfusion). Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), maximum rate of ventricular pressure increase and decrease ( ± dp/dtmax), heart rate (HR) and coronary flow were measured. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activity and coronary flow, myocardial infarction size and cardiomyocytes apoptosis were also assayed. Our results showed that PEO decreased LVEDP and increased LVSP, ± dP/dtmax in group IV and group V compared with the I/R group (all P < 0.05). The coronary flow significantly increased and the activities of LDH and CK in the coronary flow significantly decreased in group IV and group V compared with those in the I/R group (all P < 0.05). Cell apoptosis and myocardial infarction size were reduced in group IV and group V compared with the I/R group (all P < 0.05). Collectively, these results suggested that DRPs had a protective effect on cardiac I/R injury of isolated rat hearts and it may offer a new potential approach for the treatment of acute ischemic heart diseases.
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10
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Natural Drag-Reducing Polymers: Discovery, Characterization and Potential Clinical Applications. FLUIDS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/fluids1020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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11
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Wang Y, Hu F, Mu X, Wu F, Yang D, Zheng G, Sun X, Gong K, Zhang Z. Protective effects of drag-reducing polymers in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension. Biorheology 2016; 53:13-22. [PMID: 26889655 DOI: 10.3233/bir-15062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Drag-reducing polymers (DRPs) are blood-soluble macromolecules which may increase blood flow and reduce vascular resistance. The purpose of the present study was to observe the effect of DRPs on monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the rat model. METHODS A total of 64 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: Group I (pulmonary hypertension model + DRP treatment); Group II (pulmonary hypertension model + saline treatment); Group III (control + DRP treatment); Group IV (control + saline treatment). After five weeks, comparisons were made of the following indices: survival rate, body weight, blood pressure, right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, wall thickness of pulmonary arteries, the internal diameter of small pulmonary arteries, plasma IL-1β and IL-6. RESULTS The survival rate after 5 weeks varied significantly across all groups (P=0.013), but the survival rates of Groups I and II were not statistically significantly different. Administration of DRP (intravenous injection twice weekly) attenuated the PH-induced increase in right ventricular systolic pressure and suppressed the increases in right ventricular (RV) weight and the ratio of right ventricular weight to left ventricle plus septum weight (RV/LV + S). DRP treatment also significantly decreased the wall thickness of pulmonary arteries, augmented the internal diameter of small pulmonary arteries, and suppressed increases in the plasma levels of IL-1β and IL-6. CONCLUSIONS DRP treatment with intravenous injection effectively inhibited the development of monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in the rat model. DRPs may have potential application for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Wang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Feng Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Mu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dechun Yang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guixiang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoning Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kaizheng Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhengang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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12
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Zeng Z, Zhang Q, Gao Y, Li T, Dai X, Huang Q, Chen Z. Drag-reducing polyethylene oxide improves microcirculation after hemorrhagic shock. J Surg Res 2016; 202:118-25. [PMID: 27083957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2015.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite resuscitation after trauma, microcirculatory abnormalities are known to persist in post-shock multiorgan dysfunction. The high-molecular weight polymer polyethylene oxide (PEO) (>10(6) Da), a classic drag-reducing polymer, can improve hemorrhagic shock (HS)-induced hemodynamic abnormalities in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the effects of PEO on microcirculation and on changes in multiple organs after shock. After the spinotrapezius muscle was prepared, HS was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats. Drug administration (normal saline or PEO) was performed 2 h after shock followed by infusion of shed blood. RESULTS The velocity, blood flow, and functional capillary density in the shock + PEO group were significantly higher than those in the shock + normal saline group. Moreover, the kidney, liver, and lung function was improved, resulting in prolonged survival time. Our findings indicate that intravenous infusion of PEO can ameliorate shock-associated organ dysfunction and prolong survival time in severe HS, which may be a result of increased arteriolar blood velocity, blood flow, and functional capillary density. CONCLUSIONS PEO could have potential clinical application in the treatment of shock-induced multiorgan dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Zeng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Youguang Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, P. R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Translational Medicine, Chenzhou, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Xingui Dai
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Institute of Translational Medicine, Chenzhou, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Qiaobing Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Key Lab of Shock and Microcirculation Research, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhongqing Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.
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13
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Bragin DE, Thomson S, Bragina O, Statom G, Kameneva MV, Nemoto EM. Drag-Reducing Polymer Enhances Microvascular Perfusion in the Traumatized Brain with Intracranial Hypertension. ACTA NEUROCHIRURGICA. SUPPLEMENT 2016; 122:25-9. [PMID: 27165871 PMCID: PMC4959442 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22533-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Current treatments for traumatic brain injury (TBI) have not focused on improving microvascular perfusion. Drag-reducing polymers (DRP), linear, long-chain, blood-soluble, nontoxic macromolecules, may offer a new approach to improving cerebral perfusion by primary alteration of the fluid dynamic properties of blood. Nanomolar concentrations of DRP have been shown to improve hemodynamics in animal models of ischemic myocardium and ischemic limb, but have not yet been studied in the brain. We recently demonstrated that DRP improved microvascular perfusion and tissue oxygenation in a normal rat brain. We hypothesized that DRP could restore microvascular perfusion in hypertensive brain after TBI. Using in vivo two-photon laser scanning microscopy we examined the effect of DRP on microvascular blood flow and tissue oxygenation in hypertensive rat brains with and without TBI. DRP enhanced and restored capillary flow, decreased microvascular shunt flow, and, as a result, reduced tissue hypoxia in both nontraumatized and traumatized rat brains at high intracranial pressure. Our study suggests that DRP could constitute an effective treatment for improving microvascular flow in brain ischemia caused by high intracranial pressure after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis E. Bragin
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA,BRAIN Imaging Center, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Susan Thomson
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Olga Bragina
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Gloria Statom
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Marina V. Kameneva
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15219, USA
| | - Edwin M. Nemoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
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14
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Li Q, Huang T, Dong Z. Protective effects of polyethylene oxide on the vascular and organ function of rats with severe hemorrhagic shock. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:597-602. [PMID: 26047259 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of polyethylene oxide (PEO) on the survival rate, hemodynamics, blood gas indexes, lactic acid levels, microcirculation, and inflammatory cytokine levels in rats subjected to severe hemorrhagic shock. The shocked rats were resuscitated with either Ringer's lactate solution or 20 ppm of PEO in Ringer's lactate solution for 1 h. It was found that infusion of PEO effectively improved the survival, metabolic acidosis, oxygen delivery, hyperlactacidemia, tissue perfusion, and inflammatory responses of rats subjected to hemorrhagic shock. In addition, we found, for the first time, that PEO showed protective effects on hepatic and renal injury, as evidenced by the significant decreases in the elevated levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, blood urea nitrogen, and creatinine caused by shock induction after infusion of PEO (p < 0.05, 60 min post-resuscitation by comparison with pre-resuscitation). All of these findings indicate that PEO exhibits strong therapeutic effects under conditions of severe hemorrhagic shock,which also provides theoretical and experimental bases for the clinical use of PEO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266000, China.,Department of Kidney Transplantation, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266000, China.,Department of Kidney Transplantation, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266000, China.,Department of Kidney Transplantation, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, 1677 Wutaishan Road, Qingdao 266000, China
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15
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New insights into the microvascular mechanisms of drag reducing polymers: effect on the cell-free layer. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77252. [PMID: 24124610 PMCID: PMC3790673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Drag-reducing polymers (DRPs) significantly increase blood flow, tissue perfusion, and tissue oxygenation in various animal models. In rectangular channel microfluidic systems, DRPs were found to significantly reduce the near-wall cell-free layer (CFL) as well as modify traffic of red blood cells (RBC) into microchannel branches. In the current study we further investigated the mechanism by which DRP enhances microvascular perfusion. We studied the effect of various concentrations of DRP on RBC distribution in more relevant round microchannels and the effect of DRP on CFL in the rat cremaster muscle in vivo. In round microchannels hematocrit was measured in parent and daughter branch at baseline and after addition of DRP. At DRP concentrations of 5 and 10 ppm, the plasma skimming effect in the daughter branch was eliminated, as parent and daughter branch hematocrit were equivalent, compared to a significantly lowered hematocrit in the daughter branch without DRPs. In anesthetized rats (N=11) CFL was measured in the cremaster muscle tissue in arterioles with a diameter of 32.6 ± 1.7 µm. In the control group (saline, N=6) there was a significant increase in CFL in time compared to corresponding baseline. Addition of DRP at 1 ppm (N=5) reduced CFL significantly compared to corresponding baseline and the control group. After DRP administration the CFL reduced to about 85% of baseline at 5, 15, 25 and 35 minutes after DRP infusion was complete. These in vivo and in vitro findings demonstrate that DRPs induce a reduction in CFL width and plasma skimming in the microvasculature. This may lead to an increase of RBC flux into the capillary bed, and thus explain previous observations of a DRP mediated enhancement of capillary perfusion.
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The mechanism of the polymer-induced drag reduction in blood. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 103:354-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Burns JW, Baer LA, Jones JA, Dubick MA, Wade CE. Severe controlled hemorrhage resuscitation with small volume poloxamer 188 in sedated miniature swine. Resuscitation 2011; 82:1453-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen X, Zha D, Xiu J, Liao Y, Cui K, Lin H, Jian Z, Hu F, Huang X, Zhou B, Huang Q, Bin J, Liu Y. A new hydrodynamic approach by infusion of drag-reducing polymers to improve left ventricular function in rats with myocardial infarction. Int J Cardiol 2011; 147:112-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2010.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Revised: 06/16/2010] [Accepted: 09/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Intravenous injections of soluble drag-reducing polymers reduce foreign body reaction to implants. ASAIO J 2009; 55:503-8. [PMID: 19625951 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0b013e3181b1840f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested whether soluble viscoelastic drag-reducing polymers (DRPs), which modify blood flow in the macro- and microcirculation, affect host response to implanted biomaterials and control biodegradation and tissue ingrowth processes. Porous poly(L-lactate) (PLLA) implants, which are naturally hydrolyzed by foreign body giant cells, were used to evaluate differences in host response. Intravenous DRPs, high-molecular weight poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) or poly(mannose) (PMNN), were given biweekly at 0.3-0.4 nM in saline (equivalent volumes of saline in controls) to rats with subcutaneous PLLA implants. After 7 weeks, there was no difference in weight gain or behavior between control and DRP-injected groups. Implanted PLLA scaffolds in controls were almost totally degraded and replaced by giant cell granulomas. On the contrary, PEO- or PMNN-treated animals retained a significant part of the implanted scaffold (p < 0.0001 vs. controls). The foreign body reaction was markedly decreased, and there was an increase in well-oriented collagen deposition within the implanted scaffold area in the animals treated with DRPs. The DRP-mediated effects observed in this study potentially reflect alteration in inflammatory events in response to implanted bioengineered materials, and, thus, warrant further investigation.
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Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that the infusion of a small volume of a drag-reducing polymer (DRP) solution can prolong survival in rats subjected to lethal hemorrhagic shock (HS; shed 51% of estimated blood volume) in the absence of complete resuscitation with fluids or blood. In this set of experiments, we used a newly designed mixture of hyaluronic acid (molecular weight, approximately 2.0 x 10 d; 0.4 mg/mL) and polyethylene oxide (molecular weight, approximately 4 x 10 d; 0.05 mg/mL) dissolved in sterile phosphate-buffered saline. Anesthetized rats were subjected to a volume-controlled HS. During the first 20 min, blood (21.7 mL/kg) was withdrawn. During the next 40 min, additional blood (14 mL/kg) was withdrawn, and during the final 20 min, saline vehicle or saline + DRP (2.8 mL/kg) was simultaneously infused. The survival rate of the rats treated with the hyaluronic acid/polyethylene oxide was significantly higher (P < 0.01). The mean survival times for control and DRP-treated animals were 100.4 +/- 9.5 vs. 154.8 +/- 7.0 min (P < 0.001). MAP was higher (P < 0.005) and skin perfusion was significantly improved in the DRP-treated group after the end of the DRP infusion. These results support the use of nanomolar concentrations of DRP to prolong survival in rats after lethal HS in the absence of fluid resuscitation. The DRP formulation studied here warrants further evaluation for the amelioration of critical illness associated with profound shock when access to resuscitation fluids may not be possible or delayed.
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Marhefka J, Zhao R, Wu Z, Velankar S, Antaki J, Kameneva M. Drag reducing polymers improve tissue perfusion via modification of the RBC traffic in microvessels. Biorheology 2009; 46:281-92. [PMID: 19721190 PMCID: PMC3030189 DOI: 10.3233/bir-2009-0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports a novel, physiologically significant, microfluidic phenomenon generated by nanomolar concentrations of drag-reducing polymers (DRP) dissolved in flowing blood, which may explain previously demonstrated beneficial effects of DRP on tissue perfusion. In microfluidic systems used in this study, DRP additives were found to significantly modify traffic of red blood cells (RBC) into microchannel branches as well as reduce the near-wall cell-free layer, which normally is found in microvessels with a diameter smaller than 0.3 mm. The reduction in plasma layer size led to attenuation of the so-called "plasma skimming" effect at microchannel bifurcations, increasing the number of RBC entering branches. In vivo, these changes in RBC traffic may facilitate gas transport by increasing the near vessel wall concentration of RBC and capillary hematocrit. In addition, an increase in near-wall viscosity due to the redirection of RBC in this region may potentially decrease vascular resistance as a result of increased wall shear stress, which promotes endothelium mediated vasodilation. These microcirculatory phenomena can explain the previously reported beneficial effects of DRP on hemodynamics in vivo observed in many animal studies. We also report here our finding that DRP additives reduce flow separations at microchannel expansions, deflecting RBC closer to the wall and eliminating the plasma recirculation zone. Although the exact mechanism of the DRP effects on RBC traffic in microchannels is yet to be elucidated, these findings may further DRP progress toward clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- J.N. Marhefka
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - R. Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Z. Wu
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S.S. Velankar
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J.F. Antaki
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - M.V. Kameneva
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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