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Li C, Zheng J, Zhang X, Luo L, Chu G, Zhao J, Zhang Z, Wang H, Qin F, Zhou G, Jiao W, Wang Y, Yang X, Zhou Z, Yang D, Guo H, Zhang C, Li J, Niu H. Telemedicine network latency management system in 5G telesurgery: a feasibility and effectiveness study. Surg Endosc 2024; 38:1592-1599. [PMID: 38148405 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-023-10585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Network latency is the most important factor affecting the performance of telemedicine. The aim of the study is to assess the feasibility and efficacy of a novel network latency management system in 5G telesurgery. METHODS We conducted 20 telesurgery simulation trials (hitching rings to columns) and 15 remote adrenalectomy procedures in the 5G network environment. Telemedicine Network Latency Management System and the traditional "Ping command" method (gold standard) were used to monitor network latency during preoperative simulated telesurgery and formal telesurgery. We observed the working status of the Telemedicine Network Latency Management System and calculated the difference between the network latency data and packet loss rate detected by the two methods. In addition, due to the lower latency of the 5G network, we tested the alert function of the system using the 4G network with relatively high network latency. RESULTS The Telemedicine Network Latency Management System showed no instability during telesurgery simulation trials and formal telesurgery. After 20 telesurgery simulation trials and 15 remote adrenalectomy procedures, the p-value for the difference between the network latency data monitored by the Telemedicine Network Latency Management System and the "Ping command" method was greater than 0.05 in each case. Meanwhile, the surgeons reported that the Telemedicine Network Latency Management System had a friendly interface and was easy to operate. Besides, when the network latency exceeded a set threshold, a rapid alarm sounded in the system. CONCLUSION The Telemedicine Network Latency Management System was simple and easy to operate, and it was feasible and effective to use it to monitor network latency in telesurgery. The system had an intuitive and concise interface, and its alarm function increased the safety of telesurgery. The system's own multidimensional working ability and information storage capacity will be more suitable for telemedicine work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjun Li
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jilu Zheng
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Guangdi Chu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Jianchang Zhao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Haiyun Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Fei Qin
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Guanzhi Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Wei Jiao
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Xuecheng Yang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Zhilong Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Dejun Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Hao Guo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Ce Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Jianmin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300000, China.
| | - Haitao Niu
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China.
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