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El Haj M. Destination memory disorders: At the junction between memory and socioaffective processing. Soc Neurosci 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38706268 DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2024.2351213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The junction between memory dysfunction and socioaffective dysfunction is a complex area as research has typically been interested in one dysfunction rather than in the other. However, this junction can be studied under the lens of destination memory. Destination memory (i.e. the ability to remember to whom a piece of information was previously transmitted) is unique in that it draws on both memory and socioaffective processes. Research has demonstrated how destination memory is prone to distortions in neurological/psychiatric disorders. This paper aims to provide a focused review on the interplay between memory and socioaffective processes in the deterioration of destination memory within these disorders. It shows how both episodic memory and socioaffective dysfunction can jointly contribute to the decline in destination memory, although the contribution of each of the two factors may vary depending on the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad El Haj
- Clinical Gerontology Department, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France
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2
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Jia Y, Woltering S, Deutz NEP, Engelen MPKJ, Coyle KS, Maio MR, Husain M, Liu ZX. Working Memory Precision and Associative Binding in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Exp Aging Res 2024; 50:206-224. [PMID: 36755482 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2023.2172949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
To better understand working memory (WM) deficits in Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), we examined information precision and associative binding in WM in 21 participants with MCI, compared to 16 healthy controls, using an item-location delayed reproduction task. WM, along with other executive functions (i.e. Trail Making Task (TMT) and Stroop task), were measured before and after a 2-h nap. The napping manipulation was intended as an exploratory element to this study exploring potential impacts of napping on executive functions.Compared to healthy participants, participants with MCI exhibited inferior performance not only in identifying encoded WM items but also on item-location associative binding and location precision even when only one item was involved. We also found changes on TMT and Stroop tasks in MCI, reflecting inferior attention and inhibitory control. Post-napping performance improved in most of these WM and other executive measures, both in MCI and their healthy peers.Our study shows that associative binding and WM precision can reliably differentiate MCIs from their healthy peers. Additionally, most measures showed no differential effect of group pre- and post-napping. These findings may contribute to better understanding cognitive deficits in MCI therefore improving the diagnosis of MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Jia
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
- School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Steven Woltering
- Department of Educational Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Nicolaas E P Deutz
- Center for Translational Research in Aging and Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Mariëlle P K J Engelen
- Center for Translational Research in Aging and Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Kimberly S Coyle
- Center for Translational Research in Aging and Longevity, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Maria R Maio
- Nuffield Dept of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Experimental Psychology and Wellcome Trust Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Masud Husain
- Nuffield Dept of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Experimental Psychology and Wellcome Trust Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Zhong-Xu Liu
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
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Huang L, Mei Z, Ye J, Guo Q. AMES: An Automated Self-Administered Scale to Detect Incipient Cognitive Decline in Primary Care Settings. Assessment 2023; 30:2247-2257. [PMID: 36633098 DOI: 10.1177/10731911221144774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Early identification and intervention of cognitive decline could be effective to prevent progression to dementia. We developed a self-delivered cognitive screening tool, Automated Memory and Executive Screening (AMES), to assess cognitive domains including memory, language, and executive function. 189 participants with diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 43), subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 29), objectively-defined subtle cognitive decline (obj-SCD, n = 18), and normal controls (NC, n = 99) completed the study. AMES had good convergent validity with conventional scales, and was good to discriminate patients with MCI (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.88; sensitivity = 86%; specificity = 80%) and obj-SCD (AUC = 0.78; sensitivity = 89%; specificity = 63%) from NC. These findings support that AMES is an easy to administer and effective instrument to screen for early cognitive impairment in community-based settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zihan Mei
- NeuroWeave, Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | | | - Qihao Guo
- Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Sapkota RP, van der Linde I, Grunwald IQ, Upadhyaya T, Lamichhane N, Pardhan S. The impact of stimulus configuration on visual short-term memory decline in normal aging and mild cognitive impairment. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e3113. [PMID: 37287417 PMCID: PMC10498075 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION When we memorize simultaneous items, we not only store information about specific items and/or their locations but also how items are related to each other. Such relational information can be parsed into spatial (spatial configuration) and identity (object configuration) components. Both these configurations are found to support performance during a visual short-term memory (VSTM) task in young adults. How the VSTM performance of older adults is influenced by object/spatial configuration is less understood, which this study investigated. METHODS Twenty-nine young adults, 29 normally aging older adults, and 20 older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) completed two yes-no memory-recognition experiments for four simultaneously presented items (2.5 s). Test display items were presented either at the same locations as the memory items (Experiment 1) or were globally shifted (Experiment 2). One of the test display items (target) was highlighted with a square box; participants indicated whether this item was shown in the preceding memory display. Both experiments comprised four conditions where nontarget items changed as follows: (i) nontarget items remained the same; (ii) nontarget items were replaced by new items; (iii) nontarget items switched locations; (iv) nontarget items were replaced by square boxes. RESULTS Performance (% correct) in both older groups was significantly reduced than young adults in both experiments and each condition. For the MCI adults, significantly reduced performance (vs. normal older adults) was found only for Experiment 1. CONCLUSION VSTM for simultaneous items declines significantly in normal aging; the decline is not influenced differently by spatial/object configuration change. The ability of VSTM to differentiate MCI from normal cognitive aging is apparent only where the spatial configuration of stimuli is retained at original locations. Findings are discussed in terms of the reduced ability to inhibit irrelevant items and location priming (by repetition) deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju P. Sapkota
- Vision & Eye Research Institute (VERI), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social CareAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK
| | - Ian van der Linde
- Vision & Eye Research Institute (VERI), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social CareAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK
- School of Computing and Information ScienceAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK
| | - Iris Q. Grunwald
- Imaging Science and Technology, School of MedicineUniversity of DundeeDundeeUK
| | - Tirthalal Upadhyaya
- Department of MedicineGandaki Medical College Teaching HospitalPokharaNepal
- Diabetes, Thyroid and Endocrine Care CenterPokharaNepal
| | - Nirmal Lamichhane
- Department of PsychiatryGandaki Medical College Teaching HospitalPokharaNepal
- BG Hospital and Research CenterPokharaNepal
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision & Eye Research Institute (VERI), School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Education, Medicine and Social CareAnglia Ruskin UniversityCambridgeUK
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Casagrande CC, Rempe MP, Springer SD, Wilson TW. Comprehensive review of task-based neuroimaging studies of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease using electrophysiological methods. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 88:101950. [PMID: 37156399 PMCID: PMC10261850 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
With an aging population, cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders are an emerging public health crises with enormous, yet still under-recognized burdens. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, and the number of cases is expected to dramatically rise in the upcoming decades. Substantial efforts have been placed into understanding the disease. One of the primary avenues of research is neuroimaging, and while positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are most common, crucial recent advancements in electrophysiological methods such as magnetoencephalography (MEG) and electroencephalography (EEG) have provided novel insight into the aberrant neural dynamics at play in AD pathology. In this review, we outline task-based M/EEG studies published since 2010 using paradigms probing the cognitive domains most affected by AD, including memory, attention, and executive functioning. Furthermore, we provide important recommendations for adapting cognitive tasks for optimal use in this population and adjusting recruitment efforts to improve and expand future neuroimaging work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloe C Casagrande
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA
| | - Maggie P Rempe
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Seth D Springer
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Tony W Wilson
- Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE 68010, USA; Department of Pharmacology & Neuroscience, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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Li AY, Yuan JY, Pun C, Barense MD. The effect of memory load on object reconstruction: Insights from an online mouse-tracking task. Atten Percept Psychophys 2023; 85:1612-1630. [PMID: 36600154 DOI: 10.3758/s13414-022-02650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Why can't we remember everything that we experience? Previous work in the domain of object memory has suggested that our ability to resolve interference between relevant and irrelevant object features may limit how much we can remember at any given moment. Here, we developed an online mouse-tracking task to study how memory load influences object reconstruction, testing participants synchronously over virtual conference calls. We first tested up to 18 participants concurrently, replicating memory findings from a condition where participants were tested individually. Next, we examined how memory load influenced mouse trajectories as participants reconstructed target objects. We found interference between the contents of working memory and what was perceived during object reconstruction, an effect that interacted with visual similarity and memory load. Furthermore, we found interference from previously studied but currently irrelevant objects, providing evidence of object-to-location binding errors. At the greatest memory load, participants were nearly three times more likely to move their mouse cursor over previously studied nontarget objects, an effect observed primarily during object reconstruction rather than in the period before the final response. As evidence of the dynamic interplay between working memory and perception, these results show that object reconstruction behavior may be altered by (i) interference between what is represented in mind and what is currently being viewed, and (ii) interference from previously studied but currently irrelevant information. Finally, we discuss how mouse tracking can provide a rich characterization of participant behavior at millisecond temporal resolution, enormously increasing power in cognitive psychology experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aedan Y Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada.
| | - James Y Yuan
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada.
| | - Carson Pun
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada
| | - Morgan D Barense
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada
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Bastin C, Delhaye E. Targeting the function of the transentorhinal cortex to identify early cognitive markers of Alzheimer's disease. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023:10.3758/s13415-023-01093-5. [PMID: 37024735 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Initial neuropathology of early Alzheimer's disease accumulates in the transentorhinal cortex. We review empirical data suggesting that tasks assessing cognitive functions supported by the transenthorinal cortex are impaired as early as the preclinical stages of Alzheimer's disease. These tasks span across various domains, including episodic memory, semantic memory, language, and perception. We propose that all tasks sensitive to Alzheimer-related transentorhinal neuropathology commonly rely on representations of entities supporting the processing and discrimination of items having perceptually and conceptually overlapping features. In the future, we suggest a screening tool that is sensitive and specific to very early Alzheimer's disease to probe memory and perceptual discrimination of highly similar entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Bastin
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, B30, 4000, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Emma Delhaye
- GIGA-Cyclotron Research Centre-In Vivo Imaging, University of Liège, Allée du 6 Août, B30, 4000, Liège, Belgium
- CICPSI, Faculdade de Psicologia, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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El Haj M, Moustafa AA, Robin F, Chapelet G. The recombined memory: associative inference in Alzheimer's disease. Aging Clin Exp Res 2023; 35:1005-1013. [PMID: 36853506 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-023-02372-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associative inference refers to an adaptive ability that allows flexible recombination of information acquired during previous experiences to make new connections that they have not directly experienced. This cognitive ability has been widely associated with the hippocampus. AIMS We investigated associative inference in patients with Alzheimer's disease and control participants. METHODS The task has two phases. In the training phase, participants learned to encode overlapping pairs of objects (AB + BC). In the test phase, participants were invited to retrieve previously see associations (i.e., AB, BC) as well as novel associations between the previously exposed objects (i.e., AC). In addition, we test the relationship between associative inference and cognitive flexibility. RESULTS Analysis demonstrated lower associative inference in AD patients than in control participants. Interestingly, performance on the associative inference task was significantly correlated with low performance on a cognitive flexibility task in AD patients. DISCUSSION Our findings demonstrate a compromise of the ability to flexibly combine new representations from prior memories in AD, which is likely related to the hippocampal dysfunction in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad El Haj
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Des Pays de La Loire (LPPL-EA 4638), Nantes Université, Univ Angers, 44000, Nantes, France. .,Clinical Gerontology Department, CHU Nantes, Bd Jacques Monod, 44093, Nantes, France. .,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France.
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Frédérique Robin
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Des Pays de La Loire (LPPL-EA 4638), Nantes Université, Univ Angers, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - Guillaume Chapelet
- Clinical Gerontology Department, CHU Nantes, Bd Jacques Monod, 44093, Nantes, France.,CHU Nantes, Inserm CIC04, Nantes, France
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Arriola-Infante JE, García-Roldán E, Montiel-Herrera F, Maestre-Bravo R, Mendoza-Vázquez G, Marín-Cabañas AM, Méndez-Barrio C, Luque-Tirado A, Rodrigo-Herrero S, Sánchez-Arjona MB, Maillet D, Franco-Macías E. Using Cognitive Reserve to Create Norms for the TMA-93 (Relational Binding of Images). J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:119-129. [PMID: 37482991 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TMA-93 examines relational binding using images. Biomarker validation has demonstrated that it is discriminative for diagnosing early AD. The effect of cognitive reserve on TMA-93 performance remains unexplored and could improve the interpretative framework for using the test. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of cognitive reserve on TMA-93 performance and to provide new norms for the test that include its measurement. METHODS Cognitively unimpaired people aged 55 and over were systematically recruited for this cross-sectional normative study in southern Spain. Age, sex, and scores on the Cognitive Reserve Questionnaire (CRQ; maximum score: 25 points) were collected, and the TMA-93 was administered (maximum score: 30 points). Percentile-based reference data that captured combinations of socio-demographics variables with significant effect on TMA-93 performance were calculated. RESULTS 902 participants (62.5% female; age: median = 68, IQR = 61-75, range = 55-90) were included. CRQ total scores were globally low (median = 8, IQR = 5-13, range = 0-24). Cognitive reserve, including modifiable items as reading activity and intellectual gaming activity, and age mainly supported the TMA-93 total score variance. Sex seemed to have some influence in the elderly. TMA-93 total scores medians began to drop from 70-75 years old. Higher total score on the CRQ and, possibly, female sex determined a gentler slope. New norms based on these variables showed wide variations in scores for the 5th and 10th percentiles. CONCLUSION Visual relational binding ability depends on cognitive reserve, including modifiable items. The age-related binding deficit is buffered by higher cognitive reserve and, at older ages, by female sex.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ernesto García-Roldán
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Fátima Montiel-Herrera
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Rebeca Maestre-Bravo
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Carlota Méndez-Barrio
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Juan Ramón Jiménez University Hospital, Huelva, Spain
| | - Andrea Luque-Tirado
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodrigo-Herrero
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Juan Ramón Jiménez University Hospital, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Didier Maillet
- Neurology Service, Hôspital Saint-Louis (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Emilio Franco-Macías
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain
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Castegnaro A, Howett D, Li A, Harding E, Chan D, Burgess N, King J. Assessing mild cognitive impairment using object-location memory in immersive virtual environments. Hippocampus 2022; 32:660-678. [PMID: 35916343 PMCID: PMC9543035 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Pathological changes in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) are found in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging. The earliest pathological accumulation of tau colocalizes with the areas of the MTL involved in object processing as part of a wider anterolateral network. Here, we sought to assess the diagnostic potential of memory for object locations in iVR environments in individuals at high risk of AD dementia (amnestic mild cognitive impairment [aMCI] n = 23) as compared to age-related cognitive decline. Consistent with our primary hypothesis that early AD would be associated with impaired object location, aMCI patients exhibited impaired spatial feature binding. Compared to both older (n = 24) and younger (n = 53) controls, aMCI patients, recalled object locations with significantly less accuracy (p < .001), with a trend toward an impaired identification of the object's correct context (p = .05). Importantly, these findings were not explained by deficits in object recognition (p = .6). These deficits differentiated aMCI from controls with greater accuracy (AUC = 0.89) than the standard neuropsychological tests. Within the aMCI group, 16 had CSF biomarkers indicative of their likely AD status (MCI+ n = 9 vs. MCI- n = 7). MCI+ showed lower accuracy in the object-context association than MCI- (p = .03) suggesting a selective deficit in object-context binding postulated to be associated with anterior-temporal areas. MRI volumetric analysis across healthy older participants and aMCI revealed that test performance positively correlates with lateral entorhinal cortex volumes (p < .05) and hippocampus volumes (p < .01), consistent with their hypothesized role in binding contextual and spatial information with object identity. Our results indicate that tests relying on the anterolateral object processing stream, and in particular requiring successful binding of an object with spatial information, may aid detection of pre-dementia AD due to the underlying early spread of tau pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Castegnaro
- Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - David Howett
- School of Psychological ScienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Adrienne Li
- Department of PsychologyYork UniversityTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Elizabeth Harding
- Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Dennis Chan
- Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Neil Burgess
- Institute of Cognitive NeuroscienceUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - John King
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health PsychologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
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Matysek A, Kimmantudawage SP, Feng L, Maier AB. Targeting Impaired Nutrient Sensing via the Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 Pathway With Therapeutic Compounds to Prevent or Treat Dementia: A Systematic Review. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 3:898853. [PMID: 35923682 PMCID: PMC9341294 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2022.898853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Dementia is a global challenge with 10 million individuals being diagnosed every year. Currently, there are no established disease-modifying treatments for dementia. Impaired nutrient sensing has been implicated in the pathogenesis of dementia. Compounds that inhibit the glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3) pathway have been investigated as a possible treatment to attenuate the progression of the disease, particularly the suppression of the hyper-phosphorylation process of the tau protein. Aims: Systematically summarizing compounds which have been tested to inhibit the GSK3 pathway to treat cognitive impairment and dementia. Methods: PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched from inception until 28 July 2021 for articles published in English. Interventional animal studies inhibiting the GSK3 pathway in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s dementia, Lewy body dementia, vascular dementia, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and normal cognitive ageing investigating the change in cognition as the outcome were included. The Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation’s risk of bias tool for animal studies was applied. Results: Out of 4,154 articles, 29 described compounds inhibiting the GSK3 pathway. All studies were based on animal models of MCI, AD or normal cognitive ageing. Thirteen out of 21 natural compounds and five out of nine synthetic compounds tested in MCI and dementia animal models showed an overall positive effect on cognition. No articles reported human studies. The risk of bias was largely unclear. Conclusion: Novel therapeutics involved in the modulation of the GSK3 nutrient sensing pathway have the potential to improve cognitive function. Overall, there is a clear lack of translation from animal models to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Matysek
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sumudu Perera Kimmantudawage
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andrea B. Maier
- Department of Medicine and Aged Care, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement Sciences, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Andrea B. Maier,
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Sacripante R, Della Sala S, Logie RH. EXPRESS: Long-term learning and forgetting of feature binding in verbal free recall. Q J Exp Psychol (Hove) 2022; 76:1333-1346. [PMID: 35726913 DOI: 10.1177/17470218221111343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Temporary feature bindings can be learned under specific experimental conditions. However, how this learning occurs and how it is forgotten over long intervals is unclear. We addressed this question with repeated presentation of an array of coloured shapes followed by verbal free recall after delays of one day, one week, and one month. A total of 120 participants viewed 24 repetitions of the same study array of six objects each with two features (shape and colour). After 24 trials, 61 participants reported becoming aware of the repetition while 59 reported being unaware. Memory performance improved across trials, with aware participants showing faster learning than unaware participants whose performance appeared to reflect the capacity of short-term visual memory across all repetitions.Both aware and unaware participants recalled some of the array after their allocated delay, showing that learning had occurred during repetition trials, even for unaware participants who showed little or no improvement across 24 repetition trials. Memory for binding showed no change after one day compared to performance on the 24th repetition trial, was significantly lower for participants tested after one-week, and was lower still for those tested after one-month. Findings are interpreted as consistent with both a short-term, limited capacity visual cache that supports performance during early repetition trials, before learning can have occurred, and gradual strengthening across trials of an episodic long-term memory trace that supports learning. If the episodic trace exceeds the threshold of awareness, this accelerates learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Sacripante
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sergio Della Sala
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Robert H Logie
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Tichko P, Kim JC, Large E, Loui P. Integrating music-based interventions with Gamma-frequency stimulation: Implications for healthy ageing. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 55:3303-3323. [PMID: 33236353 PMCID: PMC9899516 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, music-based interventions (MBIs) have risen in popularity as a non-invasive, sustainable form of care for treating dementia-related disorders, such as Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite their clinical potential, evidence regarding the efficacy of MBIs on patient outcomes is mixed. Recently, a line of related research has begun to investigate the clinical impact of non-invasive Gamma-frequency (e.g., 40 Hz) sensory stimulation on dementia. Current work, using non-human-animal models of AD, suggests that non-invasive Gamma-frequency stimulation can remediate multiple pathophysiologies of dementia at the molecular, cellular and neural-systems scales, and, importantly, improve cognitive functioning. These findings suggest that the efficacy of MBIs could, in theory, be enhanced by incorporating Gamma-frequency stimulation into current MBI protocols. In the current review, we propose a novel clinical framework for non-invasively treating dementia-related disorders that combines previous MBIs with current approaches employing Gamma-frequency sensory stimulation. We theorize that combining MBIs with Gamma-frequency stimulation could increase the therapeutic power of MBIs by simultaneously targeting multiple biomarkers of dementia, restoring neural activity that underlies learning and memory (e.g., Gamma-frequency neural activity, Theta-Gamma coupling), and actively engaging auditory and reward networks in the brain to promote behavioural change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parker Tichko
- Department of Music, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ji Chul Kim
- Perception, Action, Cognition (PAC) Division, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Edward Large
- Perception, Action, Cognition (PAC) Division, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA,Center for the Ecological Study of Perception & Action (CESPA), Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA,Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Psyche Loui
- Department of Music, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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García-Roldán E, Arriola-Infante JE, Méndez-Barrio C, Montiel-Herrera F, Mendoza-Vázquez G, Marín-Cabañas AM, Rodrigo-Herrero S, Luque-Tirado A, Sánchez-Arjona MB, Maillet D, Franco-Macías E. Testing Visual Binding by the TMA-93 in People Aged 75 and Over. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 88:503-512. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-220099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: TMA-93 examines relational binding using images. The test has been proven to be discriminative for diagnosing early Alzheimer’s disease by biomarkers. Norms for this test are available, but the elderly, at high risk for Alzheimer’s disease, have not yet been widely represented. Objective: To extend normative data on the TMA-93 for people aged 75 and over. Methods: An extension of the Spanish TMA-93 normative study was undertaken. Only cognitively unimpaired people aged 75 and over were included. Age, gender, and educational attainment were registered as socio-demographic variables. Using histograms analysis, median comparisons, and linear regression analysis, we selected variables that demonstrated influence on TMA-93 total scores and provided percentile-base reference data according to combinations of those variables. Results: We included 431 new participants, resulting in a total sample of 657 individuals (median age = 78, interquartile range = 76–81, range = 75–93). Percentile-base reference data stratified by a combination of age ranges (75–79, n = 428; and ≥80 years, n = 229), and educational attainment (< first grade, n = 253; first grade, n = 209; > first grade, n = 195) revealed that participants achieved a minimum TMA-93 total score of 26/30 at the 50th-percentile regardless of stratum. At the 10th-percentile, a maximum of 24/30 was achieved in the more educated stratum contrasting with a minimum of 19/30 in the less educated stratum. Conclusion: Although mitigated by lower levels of education, performance on the TMA-93 is widely preserved in cognitively unimpaired people aged 75 and over. The test could facilitate the screening of elderly patients with memory complaints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto García-Roldán
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Carlota Méndez-Barrio
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
| | - Fátima Montiel-Herrera
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Gonzalo Mendoza-Vázquez
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
| | - Alba Marta Marín-Cabañas
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodrigo-Herrero
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
| | - Andrea Luque-Tirado
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Didier Maillet
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Emilio Franco-Macías
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
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15
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Lazarou I, Georgiadis K, Nikolopoulos S, Oikonomou VP, Stavropoulos TG, Tsolaki A, Kompatsiaris I, Tsolaki M. Exploring Network Properties Across Preclinical Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease Using a Visual Short-Term Memory and Attention Task with High-Density Electroencephalography: A Brain-Connectome Neurophysiological Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 87:643-664. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Visual short-term memory (VSTMT) and visual attention (VAT) exhibit decline in the Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum; however, network disruption in preclinical stages is scarcely explored. Objective: To advance our knowledge about brain networks in AD and discover connectivity alterations during VSTMT and VAT. Methods: Twelve participants with AD, 23 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), 17 with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), and 21 healthy controls (HC) were examined using a neuropsychological battery at baseline and follow-up (three years). At baseline, the subjects were examined using high density electroencephalography while performing a VSTMT and VAT. For exploring network organization, we constructed weighted undirected networks and examined clustering coefficient, strength, and betweenness centrality from occipito-parietal regions. Results: One-way ANOVA and pair-wise t-test comparisons showed statistically significant differences in HC compared to SCD (t (36) = 2.43, p = 0.026), MCI (t (42) = 2.34, p = 0.024), and AD group (t (31) = 3.58, p = 0.001) in Clustering Coefficient. Also with regards to Strength, higher values for HC compared to SCD (t (36) = 2.45, p = 0.019), MCI (t (42) = 2.41, p = 0.020), and AD group (t (31) = 3.58, p = 0.001) were found. Follow-up neuropsychological assessment revealed converge of 65% of the SCD group to MCI. Moreover, SCD who were converted to MCI showed significant lower values in all network metrics compared to the SCD that remained stable. Conclusion: The present findings reveal that SCD exhibits network disorganization during visual encoding and retrieval with intermediate values between MCI and HC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioulietta Lazarou
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH-ITI), Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
- 1 Department of Neurology, G.H. “AHEPA”, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
| | - Kostas Georgiadis
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH-ITI), Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
- Informatics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
| | - Spiros Nikolopoulos
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH-ITI), Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
| | - Vangelis P. Oikonomou
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH-ITI), Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
| | - Thanos G. Stavropoulos
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH-ITI), Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
| | - Anthoula Tsolaki
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH-ITI), Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
- Greek Association of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
| | - Ioannis Kompatsiaris
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH-ITI), Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- Information Technologies Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH-ITI), Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
- 1 Department of Neurology, G.H. “AHEPA”, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
- Greek Association of Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki, Makedonia, Greece
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Mallett R, Lorenc ES, Lewis-Peacock JA. Working Memory Swap Errors Have Identifiable Neural Representations. J Cogn Neurosci 2022; 34:776-786. [PMID: 35171256 PMCID: PMC11126154 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Working memory is an essential component of cognition that facilitates goal-directed behavior. Famously, it is severely limited and performance suffers when memory load exceeds an individual's capacity. Modeling of visual working memory responses has identified two likely types of errors: guesses and swaps. Swap errors may arise from a misbinding between the features of different items. Alternatively, these errors could arise from memory noise in the feature dimension used for cueing a to-be-tested memory item, resulting in the wrong item being selected. Finally, it is possible that so-called swap errors actually reflect informed guessing, which could occur at the time of a cue, or alternatively, at the time of the response. Here, we combined behavioral response modeling and fMRI pattern analysis to test the hypothesis that swap errors involve the active maintenance of an incorrect memory item. After the encoding of six spatial locations, a retro-cue indicated which location would be tested after memory retention. On accurate trials, we could reconstruct a memory representation of the cued location in both early visual cortex and intraparietal sulcus. On swap error trials identified with mixture modeling, we were able to reconstruct a representation of the swapped location, but not of the cued location, suggesting the maintenance of the incorrect memory item before response. Moreover, participants subjectively responded with some level of confidence, rather than complete guessing, on a majority of swap error trials. Together, these results suggest that swap errors are not mere response-phase guesses, but instead result from failures of selection in working memory, contextual binding errors, or informed guesses, which produce active maintenance of incorrect memory representations.
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17
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Chapman S, Joyce JL, Barker MS, Sunderaraman P, Rizer S, Huey ED, Dworkin J, Gu Y, Cosentino S. Subjective Cognitive Decline Is More Accurate When Metamemory Is Better. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:787552. [PMID: 35370602 PMCID: PMC8965471 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.787552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has emerged as one of the first manifestations of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, discrepancies in its relationship with tests of memory and other cognitive abilities have hindered SCD's diagnostic utility. Inter-individual heterogeneity in metamemory, or memory awareness, and the use of clinical measures of cognition lacking sensitivity to early cognitive dysfunction, may contribute to these discrepancies. We aimed to assess if the relationship between SCD and markers of early cognitive dysfunction is moderated by metamemory abilities. Methods The sample included 79 cognitively healthy older adults (77% female, 68% White, and 32% Black participants) with a mean age of 74.4 (SD = 6.1) and 15.9 (SD = 2.7) years of education. Metamemory was assessed using an episodic Feeling of Knowing test with four 5-item trials. Outcome measures included a resolution metric defined as a gamma correlation reflecting the accuracy of item-level predictions ("Will you know the correct answer?"). Early cognitive dysfunction was measured through the Loewenstein-Acevedo Scale for Semantic Interference and Learning (LASSI-L) and the Short-Term Memory Binding Test (STMB), measures sensitive to preclinical AD. SCD was assessed with a 20-item questionnaire that asked participants to compare themselves to others their age on a 7-point Likert scale. Regression analyses examined whether a potential relation between SCD and early cognitive dysfunction was moderated by metamemory. Results Subjective cognitive decline was associated with susceptibility to semantic proactive interference such that greater complaints were associated with increased susceptibility to semantic proactive interference (b = -0.30, p = 0.003) only. Metamemory moderated the association between SCD and susceptibility to and recovery of semantic proactive interference such that those with more accurate metamemory showed a stronger association between increased complaints and susceptibility to semantic proactive interference (b = -0.71, p = 0.005; b = -0.62, p = 0.034). Metamemory, however, did not moderate the association of SCD with retroactive semantic interference nor short term memory binding. Discussion The accuracy of an individual's metamemory, specifically their ability to adjust moment to moment predictions in line with their performance, can influence the extent to which SCD maps onto objective cognition. Such self-referential assessment should be considered when interpreting SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Chapman
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jillian L. Joyce
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Megan S. Barker
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Preeti Sunderaraman
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Brain Aging Program, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States
| | - Sandra Rizer
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Edward D. Huey
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jordan Dworkin
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yian Gu
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Stephanie Cosentino
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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18
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Spatial Binding Impairments in Visual Working Memory following Temporal Lobectomy. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0278-21.2022. [PMID: 35168952 PMCID: PMC8906795 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0278-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Disorders of the medial temporal lobe (MTL) adversely affect visual working memory (vWM) performance, including feature binding. It is unclear whether these impairments generalize across visual dimensions or are specifically spatial. To address this issue, we compared performance in two tasks of 13 epilepsy patients, who had undergone a temporal lobectomy, and 15 healthy controls. In the vWM task, participants recalled the color of one of two polygons, previously displayed side by side. At recall, a location or shape probe identified the target. In the perceptual task, participants estimated the centroid of three visible disks. Patients recalled the target color less accurately than healthy controls because they frequently swapped the nontarget with the target color. Moreover, healthy controls and right temporal lobectomy patients made more swap errors following shape than space probes. Left temporal lobectomy patients, showed the opposite pattern of errors instead. Patients and controls performed similarly in the perceptual task. We conclude that left MTL damage impairs spatial binding in vWM, and that this impairment does not reflect a perceptual or attentional deficit.
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Abstract
Recently, Alzheimer's Disease International (ADI) stressed that around 75% of people living with dementia globally are still not receiving a diagnosis. In this commentary, I reflect on how efforts towards better cognitive assessments, particularly of memory, can be aligned and harmonized to contribute to such needs. I highlight some barriers that ongoing collaborations and trials are facing and their potential drivers. I suggest some strategies that can help overcome them and in so doing, integrate research agendas. We need to ignite the debate towards strategies that can help level the playfield to tackle Alzheimer's disease with true global solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario A Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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20
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Pollmann S, Schneider WX. Working memory and active sampling of the environment: Medial temporal contributions. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 187:339-357. [PMID: 35964982 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823493-8.00029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Working memory (WM) refers to the ability to maintain and actively process information-either derived from perception or long-term memory (LTM)-for intelligent thought and action. This chapter focuses on the contributions of the temporal lobe, particularly medial temporal lobe (MTL) to WM. First, neuropsychological evidence for the involvement of MTL in WM maintenance is reviewed, arguing for a crucial role in the case of retaining complex relational bindings between memorized features. Next, MTL contributions at the level of neural mechanisms are covered-with a focus on WM encoding and maintenance, including interactions with ventral temporal cortex. Among WM use processes, we focus on active sampling of environmental information, a key input source to capacity-limited WM. MTL contributions to the bidirectional relationship between active sampling and memory are highlighted-WM control of active sampling and sampling as a way of selecting input to WM. Memory-based sampling studies relying on scene and object inspection, visual-based exploration behavior (e.g., vicarious behavior), and memory-guided visual search are reviewed. The conclusion is that MTL serves an important function in the selection of information from perception and transfer from LTM to capacity-limited WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Pollmann
- Department of Psychology and Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Otto-von-Guericke-University, Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Werner X Schneider
- Department of Psychology and Center for Cognitive Interaction Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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21
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Cid REC, Loewenstein DA. Salient Cognitive Paradigms to Assess Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:89-98. [PMID: 35246818 PMCID: PMC9130422 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01192-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing emphasis to identify early biological markers that can detect the progressive accumulation of brain pathology in the complex pathophysiologic cascade that occurs in Alzheimer's disease (AD), we continue to employ the same neuropsychological paradigms that were developed to detect dementia or frank cognitive impairment. It has become increasingly clear that we cannot expect to measure clinically meaningful change in relationship to these emerging preclinical biomarkers using these traditional cognitive assessment paradigms, nor will we advance the efforts to identify the earliest cognitive changes that emerge in AD. Over the last decade, a few novel promising cognitive assessment paradigms have emerged that have shown promise in identifying subtle cognitive deficits in AD which aids in early detection and monitoring of meaningful cognitive change over time. Some of these cognitive assessment paradigms are reviewed here, including semantic interference, semantic intrusion errors, memory binding, and binding of face and name associations. These paradigms may be useful for AD clinical trials focused on secondary prevention if there is sufficient rigor to suggest that they correlate with AD biomarkers, having robust sensitivity, specificity, and predictive utility among culturally and linguistically diverse populations at-risk for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie E Curiel Cid
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1695 NW 9th Avenue, Florida, Miami, 33136, USA.
| | - David A Loewenstein
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1695 NW 9th Avenue, Florida, Miami, 33136, USA
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22
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Kokje E, Gerwien J, von Stutterheim C. Macro-event recognition in healthy ageing, Alzheimer's disease, and mild cognitive impairment. J Neuropsychol 2021; 16:306-323. [PMID: 34970842 DOI: 10.1111/jnp.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Event perception and cognition is integral to our everyday experience and functional ability. A commonly reported complaint in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the inability to follow narratives - be it textual, conversational, video, or pictures. This phenomenon has received little systematic research so far. In the current study, we developed a novel paradigm to examine macro-event recognition in individuals with AD in the early stage and its preceding stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in comparison with cognitively healthy older adults, using pictures depicting events. In Experiment 1, we examined participants' ability to integrate pictorially depicted sub-events into macro-events. The pictures were presented in a scrambled order, and participants were expected to arrange them in the temporally and causally appropriate sequence, as dictated by the macro-event schema. Additionally, we investigated the effect of cueing the appropriate event schema by providing a word cue (verb). In Experiment 2, macro-event recognition was examined again using a cognitively less taxing paradigm, where pictures depicting sub-events were presented in correct order, but staggered, and recognition speed was measured. We observed significant deficits in the AD and MCI groups' performance compared with the cognitively healthy older adults, across both experiments, suggesting event perception and cognition is impaired early in the course of AD. There was no effect of cueing on the performance of any of the groups. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eesha Kokje
- Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Johannes Gerwien
- Institut für Deutsch als Fremdsprachenphilologie, Heidelberg University, Germany
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Cerino ES, Katz MJ, Wang C, Qin J, Gao Q, Hyun J, Hakun JG, Roque NA, Derby CA, Lipton RB, Sliwinski MJ. Variability in Cognitive Performance on Mobile Devices Is Sensitive to Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results From the Einstein Aging Study. Front Digit Health 2021; 3:758031. [PMID: 34927132 PMCID: PMC8677835 DOI: 10.3389/fdgth.2021.758031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Within-person variability in cognitive performance has emerged as a promising indicator of cognitive health with potential to distinguish normative and pathological cognitive aging. We use a smartphone-based digital health approach with ecological momentary assessments (EMA) to examine differences in variability in performance among older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and those who were cognitively unimpaired (CU). Method: A sample of 311 systematically recruited, community-dwelling older adults from the Einstein Aging Study (Mean age = 77.46 years, SD = 4.86, Range = 70-90; 67% Female; 45% Non-Hispanic White, 40% Non-Hispanic Black) completed neuropsychological testing, neurological assessments, and self-reported questionnaires. One hundred individuals met Jak/Bondi criteria for MCI. All participants performed mobile cognitive tests of processing speed, visual short-term memory binding, and spatial working memory on a smartphone device up to six times daily for 16 days, yielding up to 96 assessments per person. We employed heterogeneous variance multilevel models using log-linear prediction of residual variance to simultaneously assess cognitive status differences in mean performance, within-day variability, and day-to-day variability. We further tested whether these differences were robust to the influence of environmental contexts under which assessments were performed. Results: Individuals with MCI exhibited greater within-day variability than those who were CU on ambulatory assessments that measure processing speed (p < 0.001) and visual short-term memory binding (p < 0.001) performance but not spatial working memory. Cognitive status differences in day-to-day variability were present only for the measure of processing speed. Associations between cognitive status and within-day variability in performance were robust to adjustment for sociodemographic and contextual variables. Conclusion: Our smartphone-based digital health approach facilitates the ambulatory assessment of cognitive performance in older adults and the capacity to differentiate individuals with MCI from those who were CU. Results suggest variability in mobile cognitive performance is sensitive to MCI and exhibits dissociative patterns by timescale and cognitive domain. Variability in processing speed and visual short-term memory binding performance may provide specific detection of MCI. The 16-day smartphone-based EMA measurement burst offers novel opportunity to leverage digital technology to measure performance variability across frequent assessments for studying cognitive health and identifying early clinical manifestations of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric S. Cerino
- Department of Psychological Sciences, College of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, United States
- Center for Healthy Aging, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Mindy J. Katz
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Cuiling Wang
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jiyue Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jinshil Hyun
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jonathan G. Hakun
- Center for Healthy Aging, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Nelson A. Roque
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
| | - Carol A. Derby
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Richard B. Lipton
- Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Martin J. Sliwinski
- Center for Healthy Aging, College of Health and Human Development, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
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Pavisic IM, Nicholas JM, Pertzov Y, O'Connor A, Liang Y, Collins JD, Lu K, Weston PSJ, Ryan NS, Husain M, Fox NC, Crutch SJ. Visual short-term memory impairments in presymptomatic familial Alzheimer's disease: A longitudinal observational study. Neuropsychologia 2021; 162:108028. [PMID: 34560142 PMCID: PMC8589962 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Visual short-term memory (VSTM) deficits including VSTM binding have been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) from preclinical to dementia stages, cross-sectionally. Yet, longitudinal investigations are lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate VSTM function longitudinally and in relation to expected symptom onset in a cohort of familial Alzheimer's disease. Ninety-nine individuals (23 presymptomatic; 9 symptomatic and 67 controls) were included in an extension cross-sectional study and a sub-sample of 48 (23 presymptomatic carriers, 6 symptomatic and 19 controls), attending two to five visits with a median interval of 1.3 years, included in the longitudinal study. Participants completed the “What was where?” relational binding task (which measures memory for object identification, localisation and object-location binding under different conditions of memory load and delay), neuropsychology assessments and genetic testing. Compared to controls, presymptomatic carriers within 8.5 years of estimated symptom onset showed a faster rate of decline in localisation performance in long-delay conditions (4s) and in traditional neuropsychology measures of verbal episodic memory. This study represents the first longitudinal VSTM investigation and shows that changes in memory resolution may be sensitive to tracking cognitive decline in preclinical AD at least as early as changes in the more traditional verbal episodic memory tasks. VSTM function was investigated in presymptomatic and symptomatic FAD carriers. PMCs showed faster decline in VSTM function (target localisation) than controls. Target localisation accuracy decreased with proximity to expected symptom onset. “What was where?” may be sensitive to tracking preclinical cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanna M Pavisic
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK.
| | - Jennifer M Nicholas
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Department of Medical Statistics, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Yoni Pertzov
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Antoinette O'Connor
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - Yuying Liang
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jessica D Collins
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kirsty Lu
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Philip S J Weston
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Natalie S Ryan
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - Masud Husain
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Nick C Fox
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK
| | - Sebastian J Crutch
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, London, UK.
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25
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Chapman S, Sunderaraman P, Joyce JL, Azar M, Colvin LE, Barker MS, McKeague I, Kreisl WC, Cosentino S. Optimizing Subjective Cognitive Decline to Detect Early Cognitive Dysfunction. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:1185-1196. [PMID: 33646159 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utility of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) as an indicator of preclinical AD is overshadowed by its inconsistent association with objective cognition. OBJECTIVE This study examines if manipulations of SCD measurement affect its association with early cognitive dysfunction characteristic of preclinical AD. METHODS Cognitively healthy older adults (n = 110) completed SCD questionnaires that elicited complaints in general, compared to 5 years ago (retrospective SCD) and compared to their peers (age-anchored SCD) in binary and Likert scales. Outcome cognitive tasks included an associative memory task (Face-Name Test), a visual short-term memory binding task (STMB test), and a clinical neuropsychological list learning test (Selective Reminder Test). RESULTS SCD complaints, when compared to age-matched peers (age-anchored SCD) were endorsed less frequently than complaints compared to 5 years ago (retrospective SCD) (p < 0.01). In demographically adjusted regressions, age-anchored ordinal-rated SCD was associated with short term memory binding (β= -0.22, p = 0.040, CI = -0.45, -0.01), associative memory (β= -0.26, p = 0.018, CI = -0.45, -0.06), and list learning (β= -0.31, p = 0.002, CI = -0.51, -0.12). Retrospective and general ordinal-rated SCD was associated with associative memory (β= -0.25, p = 0.012, CI = -0.44, -0.06; β= -0.29, p = 0.003, CI = -0.47, -0.10) and list learning only (β= -0.25, p = 0.014, CI = -0.45, -0.05; β= -0.28, p = 0.004, CI = -0.48, -0.09). CONCLUSION Ordinal age-anchored SCD appears better suited than other SCD measurements to detect early cognitive dysfunction characteristic of preclinical AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Chapman
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Preeti Sunderaraman
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jillian L Joyce
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Martina Azar
- Department of Psychology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,VA Boston Health Care System, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Megan S Barker
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ian McKeague
- Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - William C Kreisl
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie Cosentino
- Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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26
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Ibanez A, Parra MA, Butler C. The Latin America and the Caribbean Consortium on Dementia (LAC-CD): From Networking to Research to Implementation Science. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:S379-S394. [PMID: 33492297 PMCID: PMC8293660 DOI: 10.3233/jad-201384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In comparison with other regions, dementia prevalence in Latin America is growing rapidly, along with the consequent clinical, social, and economic burden upon patients and their families. The combination of fragile health care systems, large social inequalities, and isolated clinical and research initiatives makes the coordination of efforts imperative. The Latin America and the Caribbean Consortium on Dementia (LAC-CD) is a regional organization overseeing and promoting clinical and research activities on dementia. Here, we first provide an overview of the consortium, highlighting the antecedents and current mission. Then, we present the consortium’s regional research, including the multi-partner consortium to expand dementia research in Latin America (ReDLat), which aims to identify the unique genetic, social, and economic factors that drive Alzheimer’s and frontotemporal dementia presentation in LAC relative to the US. We describe an extension of ReDLat which aims to develop affordable markers of disease subtype and severity using high density EEG. We introduce current initiatives promoting regional diagnosis, visibility, and capacity, including the forthcoming launch of the Latin American Brain Health Institute (BrainLat). We discuss LAC-CD-led advances in brain health diplomacy, including an assessment of responses to the impact of COVID-19 on people with dementia and examining the knowledge of public policies among experts in the region. Finally, we present the current knowledge-to-action framework, which paves the way for a future regional action plan. Coordinated actions are crucial to forging strong regional bonds, supporting the implementation of regional dementia plans, improving health systems, and expanding research collaborations across Latin America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Ibanez
- Global Brain Health Institute (GBHI), University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.,Cognitive Neuroscience Center (CNC), Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Barranquilla, Barranquilla, Colombia.,Latin American Institute for Brain Health (BrainLat), Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Mario A Parra
- Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Barranquilla, Barranquilla, Colombia.,School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christopher Butler
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, UK.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Instituto de Neurología Cognitiva, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Neurología, Pontificia Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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27
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Cecchini MA, Yassuda MS, Squarzoni P, Coutinho AM, de Paula Faria D, Duran FLDS, Costa NAD, Porto FHDG, Nitrini R, Forlenza OV, Brucki SMD, Buchpiguel CA, Parra MA, Busatto GF. Deficits in short-term memory binding are detectable in individuals with brain amyloid deposition in the absence of overt neurodegeneration in the Alzheimer's disease continuum. Brain Cogn 2021; 152:105749. [PMID: 34022637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The short-term memory binding (STMB) test involves the ability to hold in memory the integration between surface features, such as shapes and colours. The STMB test has been used to detect Alzheimer's disease (AD) at different stages, from preclinical to dementia, showing promising results. The objective of the present study was to verify whether the STMB test could differentiate patients with distinct biomarker profiles in the AD continuum. The sample comprised 18 cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants, 30 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 23 AD patients. All participants underwent positron emission tomography (PET) with Pittsburgh compound-B labelled with carbon-11 ([11C]PIB) assessing amyloid beta (Aβ) aggregation (A) and 18fluorine-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG)-PET assessing neurodegeneration (N) (A-N- [n = 35]); A+N- [n = 11]; A+ N+ [n = 19]). Participants who were negative and positive for amyloid deposition were compared in the absence (A-N- vs. A+N-) of neurodegeneration. When compared with the RAVLT and SKT memory tests, the STMB was the only cognitive task that differentiated these groups, predicting the group outcome in logistic regression analyses. The STMB test showed to be sensitive to the signs of AD pathology and may represent a cognitive marker within the AD continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Amore Cecchini
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mônica Sanches Yassuda
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Gerontology, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Paula Squarzoni
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Artur Martins Coutinho
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM43), Centro de Medicina Nuclear, Department of Radiology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniele de Paula Faria
- Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Núcleo de Apoio a Pesquisa em Neurociência Aplicada (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Luiz de Souza Duran
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Naomi Antunes da Costa
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Henrique de Gobbi Porto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Orestes Vicente Forlenza
- Laboratory of Neuroscience (LIM 27), Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel
- Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine (LIM43), Centro de Medicina Nuclear, Department of Radiology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario A Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Geraldo F Busatto
- Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Departamento e Instituto de Psiquiatria, Hospital das Clínicas, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Núcleo de Apoio a Pesquisa em Neurociência Aplicada (NAPNA), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Rodrigo-Herrero S, Luque-Tirado A, Méndez-Barrio C, García-Solís D, Bernal Sánchez-Arjona M, Oropesa-Ruiz JM, Maillet D, Franco-Macías E. TMA-93 Validation by Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers: A Comparison with the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test on a Biobank Sample. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 82:401-410. [PMID: 34024831 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Memory Associative Test TMA-93 examines visual relational binding, characteristically affected in early-AD stages. OBJECTIVE We aim to validate the TMA-93 by biomarkers determination and compare its diagnostic characteristics with the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT). METHODS Retrospective analysis of a Biobank database. Patients' records initially consulted for memory complaints, scored MMSE≥22, had TMA-93 and FCSRT tested, and AD biomarker determination (Amyloid-PET or CSF), either positive or negative, were selected. As cutoffs, we considered the 10-percentile for TMA-93 (P10/TMA-93), and "total free recall" (TFR) 21/22, total recall (TR) 43/44, and Cued Index < 0.77 for FCSRT from previous Spanish validation and normative studies. Diagnostic utilities were calculated using ROC curves and compared by the DeLong method. We studied if one test improved the other test's prediction, following a forward stepwise logistic regression model. RESULTS We selected 105 records: 64 "positive" and 41 "negative" biomarkers. TMA-93 total score diagnostic utility (AUC = 0.72; 95%CI:0.62-0.82) was higher than those of the FCSRT: TFR (AUC = 0.70; 95%CI: 0.60-0.80), TR (AUC = 0.63; 95%CI:0.53-0.74), and Cued Index (AUC = 0.62; 95%CI:0.52-0.73). The P10/TMA-93 cutoff showed 86%sensitivity, similar to that of the most sensitive FCSRT cutoff (TFR21/22, 89%) and 29%specificity, lower than that of the most specific FCSRT cutoff (Cued Index < 0.77, 57%). 32.8%of the positive-biomarker group scored above CI/0.77 but below p10TMA-93. The addition of TMA-93 total score to FCSRT variables improved significantly the biomarkers results' prediction. CONCLUSION TMA-93 demonstrated "reasonable" diagnostic utility, similar to FCSRT, for discriminating AD biomarker groups. TMA-93 total score improved the AD biomarker result prediction when added to FCSRT variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David García-Solís
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Didier Maillet
- Neurology Service, Saint-Louis Hospital (AP-HP), Paris, France
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29
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Wedgwood KCA, Słowiński P, Manson J, Tsaneva-Atanasova K, Krauskopf B. Robust spike timing in an excitable cell with delayed feedback. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20210029. [PMID: 33849329 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The initiation and regeneration of pulsatile activity is a ubiquitous feature observed in excitable systems with delayed feedback. Here, we demonstrate this phenomenon in a real biological cell. We establish a critical role of the delay resulting from the finite propagation speed of electrical impulses in the emergence of persistent multiple-spike patterns. We predict the coexistence of a number of such patterns in a mathematical model and use a biological cell subject to dynamic clamp to confirm our predictions in a living mammalian system. Given the general nature of our mathematical model and experimental system, we believe that our results capture key hallmarks of physiological excitability that are fundamental to information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle C A Wedgwood
- Living Systems Institute and Department of Mathematics, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Piotr Słowiński
- Living Systems Institute and Department of Mathematics, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - James Manson
- Living Systems Institute and Department of Mathematics, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Krasimira Tsaneva-Atanasova
- Living Systems Institute and Department of Mathematics, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.,Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2 a, 85748 Garching, Germany.,Department of Bioinformatics and Mathematical Modelling, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 105 Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Bernd Krauskopf
- Department of Mathematics, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.,Dodd-Walls Centre for Photonic and Quantum Technologies, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
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30
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Manga A, Madurka P, Vakli P, Kirwan CB, Vidnyánszky Z. Investigation of the relationship between visual feature binding in short- and long-term memory in healthy aging. Learn Mem 2021; 28:109-113. [PMID: 33723030 PMCID: PMC7970738 DOI: 10.1101/lm.052548.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Binding visual features into coherent object representations is essential both in short- and long-term memory. However, the relationship between feature binding processes at different memory delays remains unexplored. Here, we addressed this question by using the Mnemonic Similarity Task and a delayed-estimation working memory task on a large sample of older adults. The results revealed that higher propensity to misbind object features in working memory is associated with lower lure discrimination performance in the mnemonic similarity task, suggesting that shared feature binding processes underlie the formation of coherent short- and long-term visual object memory representations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamária Manga
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest 1111, Hungary
| | - Petra Madurka
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - Pál Vakli
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
| | - C Brock Kirwan
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Zoltán Vidnyánszky
- Brain Imaging Centre, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest 1117, Hungary
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31
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION the source monitoring account has been widely investigated for hallucinations in schizophrenia. According to this account, hallucinations are inner events that are misattributed to another source. Our paper investigated this account for Alzheimer's disease. METHOD we investigated hallucination experiences in participants with Alzheimer's disease and age-matched healthy controls, as well as their source monitoring ability. The assessment of source monitoring included three conditions. In the first condition, participants had to remember whether objects were previously manipulated by themselves or by the experimenter (i.e. reality monitoring). In the second condition, they had to remember whether objects were previously manipulated by a black or white experimenter-gloved hand (i.e. external monitoring). In the third condition, participants had to remember whether they had previously manipulated objects or had imagined having done so (i.e. internal monitoring). RESULTS relative to healthy control participants, participants with Alzheimer's disease experienced hallucinations more often and lower hits on source monitoring. Interestingly, significant correlations were only observed between hallucinations and the internal monitoring condition in participants with Alzheimer's disease. DISCUSSION hallucinations in Alzheimer's disease seem to be related to the processes of making judgments about the (internal) context in which an event has occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad El Haj
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (LPPL-EA 4638), Nantes Université, Univ Angers, Nantes, France.,Centre Hospitalier de Tourcoing, Unité de Gériatrie, Tourcoing, France.,Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Johanna C Badcock
- School of Psychological Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Perth Voices Clinic, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Frank Larøi
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Psychology and Neuroscience of Cognition Research Unit, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium.,Norwegian Center of Excellence for Mental Disorders Research, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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32
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Zokaei N, Sillence A, Kienast A, Drew D, Plant O, Slavkova E, Manohar SG, Husain M. Different patterns of short-term memory deficit in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and subjective cognitive impairment. Cortex 2020; 132:41-50. [PMID: 32919108 PMCID: PMC7651994 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2020.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
It has recently been proposed that short-term memory (STM) binding deficits might be an important feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), providing a potential avenue for earlier detection of this disorder. By contrast, work in Parkinson's disease (PD), using different tasks, has suggested that the STM impairment in this condition is characterised by increased random guessing, possibly due to fluctuating attention. In the present study, to establish whether a misbinding impairment is present in sporadic late-onset AD (LOAD) and increased guessing is a feature of PD, we compared the performance of these patient groups to two control populations: healthy age-matched controls and individuals with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) with comparable recruitment history as patients. All participants performed a sensitive task of STM that required high resolution retention of object-location bindings. This paradigm also enabled us to explore the underlying sources of error contributing to impaired STM in patients with LOAD and PD using computational modelling of response error. Patients with LOAD performed significantly worse than other groups on this task. Importantly their impaired memory was associated with increased misbinding errors. This was in contrast to patients with PD who made significantly more guessing responses. These findings therefore provide additional support for the presence of two doubly dissociable signatures of STM deficit in AD and PD, with binding impairment in AD and increased random guessing characterising the STM deficit in PD. The task used to measure memory precision here provides an easy-to-administer assessment of STM that is sensitive to the different types of deficit in AD and PD and hence has the potential to inform clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Zokaei
- Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK.
| | - Annie Sillence
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK
| | - Annika Kienast
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK
| | - Daniel Drew
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK; Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Olivia Plant
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK
| | - Ellie Slavkova
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK
| | - Sanjay G Manohar
- Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UK; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Masud Husain
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UK; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK
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33
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Cecchini MA, Foss MP, Tumas V, Patrocinio FAP, Chiari-Correia RD, Novaretti N, Brozinga TR, Bahia VS, de Souza LC, Cerqueira Guimarães H, Caramelli P, Lima-Silva TB, Cassimiro L, Brucki SMD, Nitrini R, Della Sala S, Parra MA, Yassuda MS. Profiles of cognitive impairment in the continuum from normal cognition to Alzheimer's clinical syndrome: Contributions of the short-term memory binding tests. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 35:1331-1340. [PMID: 32584463 DOI: 10.1002/gps.5370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-term memory binding (STMB) tests assess conjunctive binding, in which participants should remember the integration of features, such as shapes (or objects) and colors, forming a unique representation in memory. In this study, we investigated two STMB paradigms: change detection (CD) and free recall (FR). OBJECTIVE To investigate the cognitive profile in the CD and FR tasks of three diagnostic groups: cognitively unimpaired (CU), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's clinical syndrome (ACS). In addition, we aimed to calculate and compare the accuracy of the CD and FR tasks to identify MCI and ACS. METHODS Participants were 24 CU, 24 MCI, and 37 ACS. The cognitive scores of the clinical groups were compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were carried out to verify the accuracy of the STMB tasks. RESULTS In the CD task, CU was different from MCI and ACS (CU > MCI = ACS), while in the FR task all groups were different (CU > MCI > ACS). The ROC analyses showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.855 comparing CU with MCI for the CD task and 0.975 for the FR. The AUC comparing CU and ACS was 0.924 for the CD and 0.973 for the FR task. The FR task showed better accuracy to identify MCI patients, and the same accuracy to detect ACS. CONCLUSION The present findings indicate that impairments in CD and FR of bound representations are features of the cognitive profiles of MCI and ACS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Amore Cecchini
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Paula Foss
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flávia A P Patrocinio
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo D Chiari-Correia
- Center of Image Sciences and Medical Physics, University of Sao Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Novaretti
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tamara R Brozinga
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo Ribeirão Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Cruz de Souza
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Henrique Cerqueira Guimarães
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Paulo Caramelli
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Cassimiro
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Nitrini
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio Della Sala
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mario A Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.,Department of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Mônica Sanches Yassuda
- Neurology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Gerontology, School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Franco-Macías E, Rodrigo-Herrero S, Luque-Tirado A, Méndez-Barrio C, Medina-Rodriguez M, Graciani-Cantisán E, Sánchez-Arjona MB, Maillet D. Reliability and Feasibility of the Memory Associative Test TMA-93. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2020; 4:431-440. [PMID: 33283164 PMCID: PMC7683101 DOI: 10.3233/adr-200215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Memory tests focused on binding may be more sensitive to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease (AD) at an early phase. TMA-93 examines relational binding by images. Objective: Evaluate the reliability (internal consistency and inter-rater and test-retest reliability) and feasibility of the TMA-93 in a clinic setting with low-educated individuals and limited face-to-face time per patient. Methods: The study was undertaken in a neurology outpatient clinic of a hospital in Southern Spain. The internal consistency of the TMA-93 was estimated in 35 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and 40 healthy controls (HCs). The inter-rater reliability (by two raters) and feasibility (by recording the percentage of participants who completed the test, and by timing the administration time) were evaluated in HCs (n = 16), aMCI patients (n = 18), and mild dementia patients (n = 15). The test-retest reliability for the TMA-93 total score was studied in 51 HCs tested by the same examiner 2–4 months apart. The internal consistency was estimated by Cronbach’s alpha. The inter-rater and test-retest reliability was quantified by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The administration time was compared by diagnosis. Results: The internal consistency was “optimal” (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.936). The test-retest reliability was “good” [ICC = 0.802 (CI 95% = 0.653–0.887)]. The inter-rater reliability was “optimal” [ICC = 0.999, (CI 95% = 0.999–1)]. All participants completed the test. The administration time ranged from less than 3 min in HCs to 6 min in aMCI patients, and 7 min in mild dementia patients. Conclusion: Good feasibility and reliability support using the TMA-93 for examining visual relational binding, particularly in the context of low-educational attainment and limited time per patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Franco-Macías
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Silvia Rodrigo-Herrero
- Unidad de Memoria. Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
| | - Andrea Luque-Tirado
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Carlota Méndez-Barrio
- Unidad de Memoria. Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
| | - Manuel Medina-Rodriguez
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Didier Maillet
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis (AP-HP), Paris, France
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35
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Chin J, Kim DE, Lee H, Yun J, Lee BH, Park J, Yeom J, Shin DS, Na DL. A Validation Study of the Inbrain CST: a Tablet Computer-based Cognitive Screening Test for Elderly People with Cognitive Impairment. J Korean Med Sci 2020; 35:e292. [PMID: 32864906 PMCID: PMC7458852 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Computerized versions of cognitive screening test could have advantages over pencil-and-paper versions by eliminating rater-dependent factors and saving the time required to score the tests and report the results. We developed a computerized cognitive screening test (Inbrain Cognitive Screening Test [Inbrain CST]) that takes about 30 minutes to administer on a touchscreen computer and is composed of neuropsychological tests already shown to be sensitive in detecting early cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The aims of this study were to 1) introduce normative data for Inbrain CST, 2) verify its reliability and validity, 3) assess clinical usefulness, and 4) identify neuroanatomical correlates of Inbrain CST. METHODS The Inbrain CST runs on the Microsoft Windows 10 operating system and comprises 7 subtests that encompass 5 cognitive domains: attention, language, visuospatial, memory, and executive functions. First, we recruited 480 cognitively normal elderly people (age 50-90) from communities nationwide to establish normative data for Inbrain CST. Second, we enrolled 97 patients from our dementia clinic (26 with subjective cognitive decline [SCD], 42 with amnestic mild cognitive impairment [aMCI], and 29 with dementia due to AD) and investigated sensitivity and specificity of Inbrain CST for discriminating cognitively impaired patients from those with SCD using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Third, we compared the Inbrain CST scores with those from another neuropsychological test battery to obtain concurrent validity and assessed test-retest reliability. Finally, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based cortical thickness analyses were performed to provide anatomical substrates for performances on the Inbrain CST. RESULTS First, in the normative sample, the total score on the Inbrain CST was significantly affected by age, years of education, and gender. Second, Inbrain CST scores among the three patient groups decreased in the order of SCD, aMCI, and AD dementia, and the ROC curve analysis revealed that Inbrain CST had good discriminative power for differentiating cognitively impaired patients from those with SCD. Third, the Inbrain CST subtests had high concurrent validity and test-retest reliability. Finally, in the cortical thickness analysis, each cognitive domain score and the total score of Inbrain CST showed distinct patterns of anatomical correlates that fit into the previously known brain-behavior relationship. CONCLUSION Inbrain CST had good validity, reliability, and clinical usefulness in detecting cognitive impairment in the elderly. Furthermore, it showed neuroanatomical validity through MRI cortical thinning patterns. These results suggest that Inbrain CST is a useful cognitive screening tool with efficiency and validity to detect mild impairments in cognition in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Chin
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Da Eun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyejoo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Juoh Yun
- MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd., Seongnam, Korea
| | - Byung Hwa Lee
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongha Park
- MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd., Seongnam, Korea
| | - Jiho Yeom
- MIDAS Information Technology Co., Ltd., Seongnam, Korea
| | | | - Duk L Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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36
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Pavisic IM, Suarez-Gonzalez A, Pertzov Y. Translating Visual Short-Term Memory Binding Tasks to Clinical Practice: From Theory to Practice. Front Neurol 2020; 11:458. [PMID: 32587567 PMCID: PMC7297911 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ivanna M Pavisic
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, United Kingdom.,UK Dementia Research Institute at University College London, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aida Suarez-Gonzalez
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, UCL, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yoni Pertzov
- Department of Psychology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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37
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Rodrigo-Herrero S, Sánchez-Benavides G, Ainz-Gómez L, Luque-Tirado A, Graciani-Cantisán E, Sánchez-Arjona MB, Maillet D, Jiménez-Hernández MD, Franco-Macías E. Norms for Testing Visual Binding Using the Memory Associative Test (TMA-93) in Older Educationally-Diverse Adults. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 75:871-878. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-191235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rodrigo-Herrero
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Leire Ainz-Gómez
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | - Andrea Luque-Tirado
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Didier Maillet
- Service de Neurologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | | | - Emilio Franco-Macías
- Unidad de Memoria, Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain
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38
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Ortega R, López V, Carrasco X, Escobar MJ, García AM, Parra MA, Aboitiz F. Neurocognitive mechanisms underlying working memory encoding and retrieval in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7771. [PMID: 32385310 PMCID: PMC7210977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64678-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Working memory (WM) impairments in ADHD have been consistently reported along with deficits in attentional control. Yet, it is not clear which specific WM processes are affected in this condition. A deficient coupling between attention and WM has been reported. Nevertheless, most studies focus on the capacity to retain information rather than on the attention-dependent stages of encoding and retrieval. The current study uses a visual short-term memory binding task, measuring both behavioral and electrophysiological responses to characterize WM encoding, binding and retrieval comparing ADHD and non-ADHD matched adolescents. ADHD exhibited poorer accuracy and larger reaction times than non-ADHD on all conditions but especially when a change across encoding and test displays occurred. Binding manipulation affected equally both groups. Encoding P3 was larger in the non-ADHD group. Retrieval P3 discriminated change only in the non-ADHD group. Binding-dependent ERP modulations did not reveal group differences. Encoding and retrieval P3 were significantly correlated only in non-ADHD. These results suggest that while binding processes seem to be intact in ADHD, attention-related encoding and retrieval processes are compromised, resulting in a failure in the prioritization of relevant information. This new evidence can also inform recent theories of binding in visual WM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Ortega
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vladimir López
- Escuela de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Neurociencias Cognitivas, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Carrasco
- Servicio de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Hospital de Niños Dr. Luis Calvo Mackenna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Josefina Escobar
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez, Santiago, Chile
| | - Adolfo M García
- Universidad de San Andrés, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Faculty of Education, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.,Departamento de Lingüística y Literatura, Facultad de Humanidades, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario A Parra
- School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.,Facultad de psicología, Universidad Autónoma del Caribe, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Francisco Aboitiz
- Laboratorio de Neurociencias Cognitivas, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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39
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Ryan J, Woods RL, Murray AM, Shah RC, Britt CJ, Reid CM, Wolfe R, Nelson MR, Lockery JE, Orchard SG, Trevaks RE, Chong TJ, McNeil JJ, Storey E. Normative performance of older individuals on the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) according to ethno-racial group, gender, age and education level. Clin Neuropsychol 2020; 35:1174-1190. [PMID: 32100619 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2020.1730444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) provides a measure of verbal learning and memory. The aim of this study was to provide normative performance data on the HVLT-R for community-dwelling older individuals according to ethno-racial group, age, gender, and years of completed education, in Australia and the U.S. METHOD The ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) study recruited 19,114 generally healthy community dwelling individuals aged 70 years and over (65 years and over for U.S minorities), who were without a diagnosis of dementia and scored above 77 on the modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination. Included in the analysis presented here were 16,251 white Australians, and in the U.S. 1,082 white, 894 African American and 314 Hispanic/Latino individuals at baseline. RESULTS Performance on each of the components of the HVLT-R (trials 1-3, total, learning, delayed recall, delayed recognition, percentage retention and recognition discrimination index [RDI]) differed by demographic variables. In country and ethno-racial stratified analyses, female gender, younger age and higher education were significantly associated with better total recall, delayed recall and RDI. Among white Australians these characteristics were also associated with better retention. Age, education and gender-specific reference values across ethno-racial categories were determined. CONCLUSIONS Ethno-racial, age, gender and education-stratified normative data from this large cohort of community-dwelling older individuals will serve as important reference standards in Australia and the U.S. to assess cognition in older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robyn L Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Anne M Murray
- Berman Center for Clincal Outcomes and Research, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Hennepin Health Research Institute, MN, USA
| | - Raj C Shah
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carlene J Britt
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christopher M Reid
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rory Wolfe
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark R Nelson
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - Jessica E Lockery
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzanne G Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ruth E Trevaks
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Trevor J Chong
- Monash Institute of Cognitive and Clinical Neurosciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John J McNeil
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elsdon Storey
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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40
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Abstract
Patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) not only are suffering from amnesia but also are prone to memory distortions, such as experiencing detailed and vivid recollections of episodic events that have never been encountered (i.e., false memories). To describe and explain these distortions, we offer a review to synthesize current knowledge on false memory in AD into a framework allowing for better understanding of the taxonomy and phenomenology of false memories and of the cognitive mechanisms that may underlie false memory formation in AD. According to this review, certain phenomenological characteristics of memories (e.g., high emotional load, high vividness, or high familiarity) result in misattributions in AD. More specifically, this review proposes that generalized decline in cognitive control and inhibition in AD may result in difficulties in suppressing irrelevant information during memory monitoring, especially when irrelevant (i.e., false) information is characterized by high emotion, vividness, or familiarity. This review also proposes that binding deficits in AD decrease the ability to retrieve relevant contextual details, leading to source monitoring errors and false memories. In short, this review depicts how phenomenological characteristics of memories and failures of monitoring during retrieval contribute to the occurrence of false memory in AD.
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41
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Schöberl F, Pradhan C, Irving S, Buerger K, Xiong G, Kugler G, Kohlbecher S, Engmann J, Werner P, Brendel M, Schneider E, Perneczky R, Jahn K, la Fougère C, Bartenstein P, Brandt T, Dieterich M, Zwergal A. Real-space navigation testing differentiates between amyloid-positive and -negative aMCI. Neurology 2020; 94:e861-e873. [PMID: 31896617 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000008758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To distinguish between patients with amyloid-positive (A+) and -negative (A-) amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) by simultaneously investigating navigation performance, visual exploration behavior, and brain activations during a real-space navigation paradigm. METHODS Twenty-one patients with aMCI were grouped into A+ (n = 11) and A- cases by amyloid-PET imaging and amyloid CSF levels and compared to 15 healthy controls. Neuropsychological deficits were quantified by use of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease-plus cognitive battery. All participants performed a navigation task in which they had to find items in a realistic spatial environment and had to apply egocentric and allocentric route planning strategies. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose was injected at the start to detect navigation-induced brain activations. Subjects wore a gaze-controlled, head-fixed camera that recorded their visual exploration behavior. RESULTS A+ patients performed worse during egocentric and allocentric navigation compared to A- patients and controls (p < 0.001). Both aMCI subgroups used fewer shortcuts, moved more slowly, and stayed longer at crossings. Word-list learning, figural learning, and Trail-Making tests did not differ in the A+ and A- subgroups. A+ patients showed a reduced activation of the right hippocampus, retrosplenial, and parietal cortex during navigation compared to A- patients (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS A+ patients with aMCI perform worse than A- patients with aMCI in egocentric and allocentric route planning because of a more widespread impairment of their cerebral navigation network. Navigation testing in real space is a promising approach to identify patients with aMCI with underlying Alzheimer pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Schöberl
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cauchy Pradhan
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephanie Irving
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Buerger
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Guoming Xiong
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Günter Kugler
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Kohlbecher
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Engmann
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Philipp Werner
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Brendel
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Erich Schneider
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Perneczky
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Jahn
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christian la Fougère
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Peter Bartenstein
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Brandt
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marianne Dieterich
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Zwergal
- From the Department of Neurology (F.S., J.E., P.W., A.Z., M.D.), University Hospital, German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders (F.S., C.P., S.I., G.X., G.K., S.K., E.S., K.J., C.l.F., P.B., T.B., M.D., A.Z.), DSGZ, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (K.B.), ISD, University Hospital, Department of Nuclear Medicine (G.X., M.B., P.B.), Department of Psychiatry (R.P.), and Clinical Neurosciences (T.B.), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (K.B., R.P., M.D.), DZNE, Munich; Institute for Medical Technology (E.S.), Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg; Munich Cluster of Systems Neurology (R.P., P.B., M.D.), SyNergy, Germany; Ageing Epidemiology Research Unit (R.P.), School of Public Health, Imperial College, London, UK; Neurological Hospital (K.J.), Schön Klinik Bad Aibling; and Department of Nuclear Medicine (C.l.F.), Eberhard Karl University of Tübingen, Germany.
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Sapkota RP, van der Linde I, Pardhan S. How does aging influence object-location and name-location binding during a visual short-term memory task? Aging Ment Health 2020; 24:63-72. [PMID: 30588846 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2018.1515887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Age-related impairments in human visual short-term memory (VSTM) may reflect a reduced ability to retain bound object representations, viz., object form, name, spatial, and temporal location (so called 'memory sources'). Our objective is to examine how healthy aging affects VSTM in a battery of memory recognition tasks in which sequentially presented objects, locations, and names (as auditory stimuli) were learned, with one component cued at test.Methods: Thirty-six young healthy adults (18-30 years) and 36 normally aging older adults (>60 years with no underlying health and vision issues) completed five VSTM tasks: 1. Object recognition for two or four objects; 2. Spatial location recognition for two or four objects; 3. Bound object-location recognition for two or four objects; 4. Object recognition with location priming for two or four objects; 5. Bound name (auditory)-location (cross-modal) recognition for four objects.Results: Significantly lower performance for older adults was found in spatial location recognition [task 2, p = 0.03], bound object-location recognition [task 3, p = 0.001], object recognition with location priming [task 4, p = 0.02], and bound name-location recognition [task 5, p = 0.001, independent samples t-test] tasks. A significant age group-task interaction was found (p = 0.02).Conclusion: Performance for all tests except test 1 was impaired in older adults. Lower performance for older adults was most significant in VSTM tasks requiring object-location (visual only) or name-location (auditory and visual) binding. The findings are compatible with the 'memory source' model, demonstrating that age-related binding performance is influenced by spatial coding and location priming deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju P Sapkota
- Vision & Eye Research Unit (VERU), School of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ian van der Linde
- Vision & Eye Research Unit (VERU), School of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Computing & Technology, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shahina Pardhan
- Vision & Eye Research Unit (VERU), School of Medical Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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The striatum, the hippocampus, and short-term memory binding: Volumetric analysis of the subcortical grey matter's role in mild cognitive impairment. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2019; 25:102158. [PMID: 31918064 PMCID: PMC7036699 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2019.102158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hippocampal atrophy plays no role in short-term memory binding. The globus pallidus could be part of the brain network supporting binding. Total brain atrophy does not correlate with striatal grey matter atrophy in MCI. Striatal grey matter atrophy reflects in total brain atrophy in controls. Hippocampal and parahippocampal volumes correlate in MCI and controls.
Background Deficits in short-term memory (STM) binding are a distinguishing feature of preclinical stages leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the neuroanatomical correlates of conjunctive STM binding are largely unexplored. Here we examine the possible association between the volumes of hippocampi, parahippocampal gyri, and grey matter within the subcortical structures – all found to have foci that seemingly correlate with basic daily living activities in AD patients - with cognitive tests related to conjunctive STM binding. Materials and methods Hippocampal, thalamic, parahippocampal and corpus striatum volumes were semi-automatically quantified in brain magnetic resonance images from 25 cognitively normal people and 21 patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) at high risk of AD progression, who undertook a battery of cognitive tests and the short-term memory binding test. Associations were assessed using linear regression models and group differences were assessed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results Hippocampal and parahippocampal gyrus volumes differed between MCI and control groups. Although the grey matter volume in the globus pallidus (r = -0.71, p < 0.001) and parahippocampal gyry (r = -0.63, p < 0.05) correlated with a STM binding task in the MCI group, only the former remained associated with STM binding deficits in MCI patients, after correcting for age, gender and years of education (β = -0.56,P = 0.042) although with borderline significance. Conclusions Loss of hippocampal volume plays no role in the processing of STM binding. Structures within the basal ganglia, namely the globus pallidus, could be part of the extrahippocampal network supporting binding. Replication of this study in large samples is now needed.
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Vandrey B, Garden DLF, Ambrozova V, McClure C, Nolan MF, Ainge JA. Fan Cells in Layer 2 of the Lateral Entorhinal Cortex Are Critical for Episodic-like Memory. Curr Biol 2019; 30:169-175.e5. [PMID: 31839450 PMCID: PMC6947484 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Episodic memory requires different types of information to be bound together to generate representations of experiences. The lateral entorhinal cortex (LEC) and hippocampus are required for episodic-like memory in rodents [1, 2]. The LEC is critical for integrating spatial and contextual information about objects [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]. Further, LEC neurons encode objects in the environment and the locations where objects were previously experienced and generate representations of time during the encoding and retrieval of episodes [7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12]. However, it remains unclear how specific populations of cells within the LEC contribute to the integration of episodic memory components. Layer 2 (L2) of LEC manifests early pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related animal models [13, 14, 15, 16]. Projections to the hippocampus from L2 of LEC arise from fan cells in a superficial sub-layer (L2a) that are immunoreactive for reelin and project to the dentate gyrus [17, 18]. Here, we establish an approach for selectively targeting fan cells using Sim1:Cre mice. Whereas complete lesions of the LEC were previously found to abolish associative recognition memory [2, 3], we report that, after selective suppression of synaptic output from fan cells, mice can discriminate novel object-context configurations but are impaired in recognition of novel object-place-context associations. Our results suggest that memory functions are segregated between distinct LEC networks. Sim1:Cre mice provide access to DG-projecting fan cells in lateral entorhinal cortex Fan cells are not required for novel object or object-context recognition Fan cells are required to discriminate novel object-place-context configurations Episodic-like memory impairment is correlated with extent of fan-cell inactivation
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Vandrey
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, 15 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XE, Scotland; School of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, St. Mary's Quad, South Street, St. Andrews KY16 9JP, Scotland
| | - Derek L F Garden
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, 15 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XE, Scotland
| | - Veronika Ambrozova
- School of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, St. Mary's Quad, South Street, St. Andrews KY16 9JP, Scotland
| | - Christina McClure
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, 15 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XE, Scotland
| | - Matthew F Nolan
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, 15 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XE, Scotland.
| | - James A Ainge
- School of Psychology & Neuroscience, University of St. Andrews, St. Mary's Quad, South Street, St. Andrews KY16 9JP, Scotland.
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Vyhnálek M, Marková H, Laczó J, De Beni R, Di Nuovo S. Assessment of Memory Impairment in Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Alzheimer Res 2019; 16:975-985. [PMID: 31724515 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666191113125303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Memory impairment has been considered as one of the earliest clinical hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. This paper summarizes recent progress in the assessment of memory impairment in predementia stages. New promising approaches of memory assessment include evaluation of longitudinal cognitive changes, assessment of long-term memory loss, evaluation of subjective cognitive concerns and testing of other memory modalities, such as spatial memory. In addition, we describe new challenging memory tests based on memory binding paradigms that have been recently developed and are currently being validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vyhnálek
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Hana Marková
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Laczó
- Memory Clinic, Department of Neurology, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.,International Clinical Research Center, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Santo Di Nuovo
- Department of Education, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Fallon SJ, Gowell M, Maio MR, Husain M. Dopamine affects short-term memory corruption over time in Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2019; 5:16. [PMID: 31396548 PMCID: PMC6683156 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-019-0088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are a recognised component of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, particularly within the domain of short-term memory, it is unclear whether these impairments are masked, or caused, by patients' dopaminergic medication. The effect of medication on pure maintenance in PD patients has rarely been explored, with most assessments examining maintenance intercalated between other executive tasks. Moreover, few studies have utilised methods that can measure the quality of mental representations, which can enable the decomposition of recall errors into their underlying neurocognitive components. Here, we fill this gap by examining pure maintenance in PD patients in high and low dopaminergic states. Participants had to encode the orientation of two stimuli and reproduce these orientations after a short (2 s) or long (8 s) delay. In addition, we also examined the performance of healthy, age-matched older adults to contextualise these effects and determine whether PD represents an exacerbation of the normal ageing process. Patients showed improved recall OFF compared to ON their dopaminergic medication, but only for long-duration trials. Moreover, PD patients OFF their medication actually performed at a level superior to age-matched controls, indicative of a paradoxical enhancement of memory in the low dopaminergic state. The application of a probabilistic model of response selection suggested that PD patients made fewer misbinding errors in the low, compared with high, dopaminergic state for longer-delay trials. Thus, unexpectedly, the mechanisms that prevent memoranda from being corrupted by misbinding over time appear to be enhanced in PD patients OFF dopaminergic medication. Possible explanations for this paradoxical effect are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean James Fallon
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- National Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Matthew Gowell
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Maria Raquel Maio
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Masud Husain
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Rodrigo-Herrero S, Carnero-Pardo C, Méndez-Barrio C, De Miguel-Tristancho M, Graciani-Cantisán E, Sánchez-Arjona MB, Maillet D, Jiménez-Hernández MD, Franco-Macías E. TMA-93 for Diagnosing Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Comparison With the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2019; 34:322-328. [PMID: 31084187 PMCID: PMC10852447 DOI: 10.1177/1533317519848230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND TMA-93 examines binding by images, an advantage for the less educated individuals. AIM To compare the discriminative validity of TMA-93 against the picture version of Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT) to distinguish patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) from normal controls (NCs) without excluding less educated individuals. METHODS DESIGN Phase I diagnostic evaluation study. PARTICIPANTS A total of 30 patients with aMCI and 30 NCs matched for sociodemographics variables. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The diagnostic accuracy for each test was calculated by conducting receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Hanley and McNeil method was used to compare diagnostic accuracy of different tests on the same sample. RESULTS Up to 41.7% of the sample had less than a first grade of education. Both tests showed excellent diagnostic accuracy. The comparisons did not show significant differences. CONCLUSIONS TMA-93 is so accurate as FCSRT to differentiate aMCI from controls including less educated individuals. The test could be considered as a choice in this sociodemographic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Rodrigo-Herrero
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | - Cristóbal Carnero-Pardo
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
- FIDYAN Neurocenter, Granada, Spain
| | - Carlota Méndez-Barrio
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain
| | | | - Eugenia Graciani-Cantisán
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | | | - Didier Maillet
- UF Mémoire et Maladies Neurodégénératives, Service de Neurologie, Hopital Avicenne, Bobigny, France
| | | | - Emilio Franco-Macías
- Memory Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
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Thielen JW, Gancheva S, Hong D, Rohani Rankouhi S, Chen B, Apostolopoulou M, Anadol-Schmitz E, Roden M, Norris DG, Tendolkar I. Higher GABA concentration in the medial prefrontal cortex of Type 2 diabetes patients is associated with episodic memory dysfunction. Hum Brain Mapp 2019; 40:4287-4295. [PMID: 31264324 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an accelerated episodic memory decline, but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are not well understood. Hallmarks of T2D comprise impairment of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. Insulin signaling modulates cerebral neurotransmitter activity, including the excitatory glutamate and inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) systems. Here we tested the hypothesis that the glutamate and GABA systems are altered in T2D patients and this relates to memory decline and insulin resistance. Using 1 H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), we examined glutamate and GABA concentrations in episodic memory relevant brain regions (medial prefrontal cortex and precuneus) of T2D patients and matched controls. Insulin sensitivity was measured by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps and memory performance was assessed using a face-profession associations test. T2D patients exhibited peripheral insulin resistance and had a decreased memory for face-profession associations as well as elevated GABA concentration in the medial prefrontal cortex but not precuneus. In addition, medial prefrontal cortex GABA concentration was negatively associated with memory performance suggesting that abnormal GABA levels in the medial prefrontal cortex are linked to the episodic memory decline that occurs in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Willem Thielen
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany.,Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sofiya Gancheva
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Donghyun Hong
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Bixia Chen
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany
| | - Maria Apostolopoulou
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Evrim Anadol-Schmitz
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - David G Norris
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany.,Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,MIRA Institute for Biomedical Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Indira Tendolkar
- Erwin L. Hahn Institute for Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Essen, Germany.,Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University and Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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49
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Burke SL, Naseh M, Rodriguez MJ, Burgess A, Loewenstein D. Dementia-Related Neuropsychological Testing Considerations in Non-Hispanic White and Latino/Hispanic Populations. PSYCHOLOGY & NEUROSCIENCE 2019; 12:144-168. [PMID: 31649798 PMCID: PMC6812579 DOI: 10.1037/pne0000163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Hispanic individuals are at greater risk for health disparities, less than optimal health care, and are diagnosed at later stages of cognitive impairment than white non-Hispanics. Acculturation and different attitudes toward test-taking may result in decrements in performance, especially on unfamiliar measures that emphasize speed and accuracy. Non-Hispanic individuals often outperform Hispanic individuals on cognitive and neuropsychological measures in community and clinical populations. Current neuropsychological testing may not provide accurate data related to monolingual and bilingual individuals of Hispanic descent. Testing instruments were identified by searching academic databases using combinations of relevant search terms. Neuropsychological instruments were included if they were designed to detect cognitive impairment, had an administration time of less than 45 minutes, and were available in English. Validity studies were required to employ gold standard comparison diagnostic criteria. Twenty-nine instruments were evaluated in dementia staging, global cognition, memory, memory and visual abilities, working memory and attention, verbal learning and memory, recall, language, premorbid intelligence, literacy/cognitive reserve, visuospatial, attention, problem-solving, problem solving and perception, functional assessment, and mood/daily functioning domains. Spanish-language neuropsychological instruments need to be made widely available and existing instruments to be normed in Spanish to best serve and assess diverse populations. Psychometric data were reported for neuropsychological instruments, which may be administered to Hispanic older adults presenting for evaluation related to dementia-spectrum disorders. This is one of the few reviews to provide an overview of the sensitivity and specificity of available Spanish translated neuropsychological instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanna L Burke
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, School of Social Work, Florida International University
| | - Mitra Naseh
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, School of Social Work, Florida International University
| | | | - Aaron Burgess
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, School of Social Work, Florida International University
| | - David Loewenstein
- Center on Aging as the Center for Cognitive Neuroscience and Aging and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami
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50
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Martínez JF, Trujillo C, Arévalo A, Ibáñez A, Cardona JF. Assessment of Conjunctive Binding in Aging: A Promising Approach for Alzheimer’s Disease Detection. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 69:71-81. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-181154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Analía Arévalo
- Department of Neurology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Agustín Ibáñez
- Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience (INCYT), INECO Foundation, Favaloro University, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Center for Social and Cognitive Neuroscience (CSCN), School of Psychology, Universidad Adolfo Ibanez, Santiago, Chile
- Centre of Excellence in Cognition and its Disorders, Australian Research Council (ACR), Sydney, Australia
| | - Juan F. Cardona
- Instituto de Psicología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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