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Gao Y, Wei GZ, Forston MD, Rood B, Hodges ER, Burke D, Andres K, Morehouse J, Armstrong C, Glover C, Slomnicki LP, Ding J, Chariker JH, Rouchka EC, Saraswat Ohri S, Whittemore SR, Hetman M. Opposite modulation of functional recovery following contusive spinal cord injury in mice with oligodendrocyte-selective deletions of Atf4 and Chop/Ddit3. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9193. [PMID: 37280306 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36258-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The integrated stress response (ISR)-activated transcription factors ATF4 and CHOP/DDIT3 may regulate oligodendrocyte (OL) survival, tissue damage and functional impairment/recovery in white matter pathologies, including traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). Accordingly, in OLs of OL-specific RiboTag mice, Atf4, Chop/Ddit3 and their downstream target gene transcripts were acutely upregulated at 2, but not 10, days post-contusive T9 SCI coinciding with maximal loss of spinal cord tissue. Unexpectedly, another, OL-specific upregulation of Atf4/Chop followed at 42 days post-injury. However, wild type versus OL-specific Atf4-/- or Chop-/- mice showed similar white matter sparing and OL loss at the injury epicenter, as well as unaffected hindlimb function recovery as determined by the Basso mouse scale. In contrast, the horizontal ladder test revealed persistent worsening or improvement of fine locomotor control in OL-Atf4-/- or OL-Chop-/- mice, respectively. Moreover, chronically, OL-Atf-/- mice showed decreased walking speed during plantar stepping despite greater compensatory forelimb usage. Therefore, ATF4 supports, while CHOP antagonizes, fine locomotor control during post-SCI recovery. No correlation between those effects and white matter sparing together with chronic activation of the OL ISR suggest that in OLs, ATF4 and CHOP regulate function of spinal cord circuitries that mediate fine locomotor control during post-SCI recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonglin Gao
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - George Z Wei
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
- MD/PhD Program, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Michael D Forston
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Benjamin Rood
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Emily R Hodges
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Darlene Burke
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Kariena Andres
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Johnny Morehouse
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Christine Armstrong
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Charles Glover
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Lukasz P Slomnicki
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Jixiang Ding
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Julia H Chariker
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Eric C Rouchka
- Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Sujata Saraswat Ohri
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Scott R Whittemore
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Michal Hetman
- Kentucky Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 511 S. Floyd St., MDR616, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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Ren M, Yang Y, Heng KHY, Ng LY, Chong CYY, Ng YT, Gorur-Shandilya S, Lee RMQ, Lim KL, Zhang J, Koh TW. MED13 and glycolysis are conserved modifiers of α-synuclein-associated neurodegeneration. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111852. [PMID: 36543134 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Synuclein (α-syn) is important in synucleinopathies such as Parkinson's disease (PD). While genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of synucleinopathies have identified many risk loci, the underlying genes have not been shown for most loci. Using Drosophila, we screened 3,471 mutant chromosomes for genetic modifiers of α-synuclein and identified 12 genes. Eleven modifiers have human orthologs associated with diseases, including MED13 and CDC27, which lie within PD GWAS loci. Drosophila Skd/Med13 and glycolytic enzymes are co-upregulated by α-syn-associated neurodegeneration. While elevated α-syn compromises mitochondrial function, co-expressing skd/Med13 RNAi and α-syn synergistically increase the ratio of oxidized-to-reduced glutathione. The resulting neurodegeneration can be suppressed by overexpressing a glycolytic enzyme or treatment with deferoxamine, suggesting that compensatory glycolysis is neuroprotective. In addition, the functional relationship between α-synuclein, MED13, and glycolytic enzymes is conserved between flies and mice. We propose that hypoxia-inducible factor and MED13 are part of a druggable pathway for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengda Ren
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308207, Singapore; National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital and School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China
| | | | - Lu Yi Ng
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | | | - Yan Ting Ng
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore
| | | | - Rachel Min Qi Lee
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore
| | - Kah Leong Lim
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308207, Singapore; National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang University First Affiliated Hospital and School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China; China National Health and Disease Human Brain Tissue Resource Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, China
| | - Tong-Wey Koh
- Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Singapore 117604, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117558, Singapore.
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