1
|
Laurita KR, Vasireddi SK, Mackall JA. Elucidating arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy with stem cells. Birth Defects Res 2022; 114:948-958. [PMID: 35396927 PMCID: PMC9790231 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Human stems cells have sparked many novel strategies for treating heart disease and for elucidating their underlying mechanisms. For example, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited heart muscle disorder that is associated with fatal arrhythmias often occurring in healthy young adults. Fibro-fatty infiltrate, a clinical hallmark, progresses with the disease and can develop across both ventricles. Pathogenic variants in genes have been identified, with most being responsible for encoding cardiac desmosome proteins that reside at myocyte boundaries that are critical for cell-to-cell coupling. Despite some understanding of the molecular signaling mechanisms associated with ARVC mutations, their relationship with arrhythmogenesis is complex and not well understood for a monogenetic disorder. This review article focuses on arrhythmia mechanisms in ARVC based on clinical and animal studies and their relationship with disease causing variants. We also discuss the ways in which stem cells can be leveraged to improve our understanding of the role cardiac myocytes, nonmyocytes, metabolic signals, and inflammatory mediators play in an early onset disease such as ARVC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R. Laurita
- Heart and Vascular Research CenterMetroHealth Campus, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Sunil K. Vasireddi
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Department of MedicineStanford UniversityCaliforniaUSA
| | - Judith A. Mackall
- Harrington Heart and Vascular InstituteUniversity Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOhioUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gu Q, Xu F, Orgil BO, Khuchua Z, Munkhsaikhan U, Johnson JN, Alberson NR, Pierre JF, Black DD, Dong D, Brennan JA, Cathey BM, Efimov IR, Towbin JA, Purevjav E, Lu L. Systems Genetics Analysis Defines Importance Of TMEM43/LUMA For Cardiac And Metabolic Related Pathways. Physiol Genomics 2021; 54:22-35. [PMID: 34766515 PMCID: PMC8721901 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00066.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Broad cellular functions and diseases including muscular dystrophy,
arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC5) and cancer are
associated with transmembrane protein43 (TMEM43/LUMA). The
study aimed to investigate biological roles of TMEM43 through
genetic regulation, gene pathways and gene networks, candidate interacting
genes, and up- or downstream regulators. Cardiac transcriptomes from 40 strains
of recombinant inbred BXD mice and two parental strains representing murine
genetic reference population (GRP) were applied for genetic correlation,
functional enrichment, and coexpression network analysis using systems genetics
approach. The results were validated in a newly created knock-in
Tmem43-S358L mutation mouse model (Tmem43S358L)
that displayed signs of cardiac dysfunction, resembling ARVC5 phenotype seen in
humans. We found high Tmem43 levels among BXDs with broad
variability in expression. Expression of Tmem43 highly
negatively correlated with heart mass and heart rate among BXDs, whereas levels
of Tmem43 highly positively correlated with plasma high-density
lipoproteins (HDL). Through finding differentially expressed genes (DEGs)
between Tmem43S358L mutant and wild-type (Tmem43WT) lines,
18 pathways (out of 42 found in BXDs GRP) that are involved in ARVC,
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and
Huntington’s disease were verified. We further constructed
Tmem43-mediated gene network, in which
Ctnna1, Adcy6, Gnas,
Ndufs6, and Uqcrc2 were significantly
altered in Tmem43S358L mice versus Tmem43WT controls. Our
study defined the importance of Tmem43 for cardiac- and
metabolism-related pathways, suggesting that cardiovascular disease-relevant
risk factors may also increase risk of metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases
via TMEM43-mediated pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Gu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, China
| | - Fuyi Xu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Buyan-Ochir Orgil
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Zaza Khuchua
- The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States.,Department of Biochemistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Undral Munkhsaikhan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Jason N Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Neely R Alberson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Joseph F Pierre
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Dennis Darrel Black
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Deli Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, China
| | - Jaclyn A Brennan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Brianna M Cathey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Igor R Efimov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Towbin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Memphis, TN, United States.,Pediatric Cardiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Enkhsaikhan Purevjav
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States.,Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Lu Lu
- Department of Genetics, Genomics and Informatics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| |
Collapse
|