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Tian R, Hou Z, Li S, Chai H. Effects of photoperiod and temperature on the developmental duration and diapause in Dolycoris baccarum (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2024; 24:2. [PMID: 38442351 PMCID: PMC10914362 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The shield bug, Dolycoris baccarum (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), is widely distributed across Asia and Europe. At high latitudes, it overwinters, as adult in diapause, which then becomes the insect source for the following year. To fully understand the developmental duration and diapause characteristics of D. baccarum, the effects of photoperiod and temperature were studied in a population from Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China. The results indicated that the developmental duration was significantly prolonged at temperatures of 20 or 25 °C, with a prolonged light period; however, when the light period was prolonged to 16L:8D and 18L:6D, the developmental duration was shortened significantly. Furthermore, the developmental duration was also shortened significantly with increasing temperature, when the photoperiod was 12L:12D for short days and 16L:8D for long days. All individuals entered diapause under short-day conditions of 10L:14D and 12L:12D at a temperature of 20 °C; however, the diapause rate decreased significantly under 14L:10D and 16L:8D photoperiods, and the diapause rate decreased significantly at a temperature of 25 °C with prolonged photoperiod. Interestingly, when the photoperiod was fixed at 12L:12D, the diapause rates at different temperatures (20, 25, 28, and 30 °C) exceeded 95%; while the effect of temperature on diapauses was nonsignificant under this photoperiod, it was still sensitive to the photoperiod; at a photoperiod of 16L:8D, the effect of temperature on the diapause rate was noticeable, and the diapause rate decreased significantly with increasing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Tian
- College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Mongolian Plateau for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010022, China
| | - Zhanming Hou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
| | - Song Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Mongolian Plateau for College and University of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot 010022, China
| | - Hua Chai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
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Zannou AJ, Karaca MM, Karut K. Effect of constant and fluctuating low temperature on the survival of Tuta absoluta pupae. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024; 114:1-7. [PMID: 38098272 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485323000548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Temperature is among the key factors impacting the establishment and spread of invasive pests. The tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is one of the major pests attacking Solanaceae plants and is known to possess overwintering capacities. However, the cold hardiness of T. absoluta pupae is poorly documented. In this study, we investigated the effect of constant temperature and stepwise cooling on T. absoluta pupae under laboratory conditions. For this purpose, bioassays on pupal development under constant temperature (5°C) for 30, 60 and 90 days, and stepwise changes in temperature (11, 10 and 8°C; in this order every 30 days), were assessed. We found that exposure to 5°C for 30 and 60 days did not affect the post-cooling emergence time of adults compared to the control. Pupae completed their development after 60 days of cold exposure at 5°C, but more adults emerged after 30 than 60 days. Even though alive pupae were observed after 90 days of cold exposure at 5°C, no adults emerged. External colours of pupae depended on the duration of cold periods, and green pupae obtained after 30 and 60 days were found to be positively correlated with the emergence of adults. When pupae were kept at 11°C for 30 days, 47% emerged, and when the temperature was changed to 10, only 12% of pupae emerged for the period 31-60 days. However, the decrease of the temperature to 8°C yielded no emergence for the period 61-90 days. Our study provides useful information to better understand the population dynamics of overwintering T. absoluta, and to underpin the development of monitoring and control strategies for the pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayomide Joseph Zannou
- Laboratory of Insect Biotechnology, Department of Plant Protection, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Mete Karaca
- Laboratory of Insect Biotechnology, Department of Plant Protection, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Kamil Karut
- Laboratory of Insect Biotechnology, Department of Plant Protection, Çukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
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Cui WZ, Qiu JF, Dai TM, Chen Z, Li JL, Liu K, Wang YJ, Sima YH, Xu SQ. Circadian Clock Gene Period Contributes to Diapause via GABAeric-Diapause Hormone Pathway in Bombyx mori. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090842. [PMID: 34571719 PMCID: PMC8469157 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Diapause is a developmental transition in insects based on seasonal adaptation to adversity; it is regulated by a circadian clock system and the endocrine system. However, the molecular node and its mechanism underlying the effects of these systems are still unclear. Here, a mutant of Bombyx mori with the circadian clock gene Period (Per) knocked out was constructed, which dramatically changed the classic diapause-destined pathway. Per-knockout silkworms powerfully attenuated, but could not completely block, the predetermined effects of temperature and photoperiod on diapause determination, and this effect depended on the diapause hormone (DH) pathway. The impaired transcription-translation feedback loop of the circadian clock system lacking the Per gene caused direct up-regulation of the expression of GRD, a receptor of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), by changing expression level of Cycle. The synthesis of GABA in the tissue complex of brain-suboesophageal ganglion then increased and restricted the decomposition, which continuously promoted the GABAergic signal to play a role, and finally inhibiting (delaying) the release of DH to the hemolymph, and reducing the diapause-inducing effect of DH. The results provided an example to explain the regulatory mechanism of the circadian clock on endocrine hormones in the silkworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhao Cui
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (W.-Z.C.); (J.-F.Q.); (T.-M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.-L.L.); (K.L.); (Y.-H.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jian-Feng Qiu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (W.-Z.C.); (J.-F.Q.); (T.-M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.-L.L.); (K.L.); (Y.-H.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tai-Ming Dai
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (W.-Z.C.); (J.-F.Q.); (T.-M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.-L.L.); (K.L.); (Y.-H.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (W.-Z.C.); (J.-F.Q.); (T.-M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.-L.L.); (K.L.); (Y.-H.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jiang-Lan Li
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (W.-Z.C.); (J.-F.Q.); (T.-M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.-L.L.); (K.L.); (Y.-H.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Kai Liu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (W.-Z.C.); (J.-F.Q.); (T.-M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.-L.L.); (K.L.); (Y.-H.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yu-Jun Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China;
| | - Yang-Hu Sima
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (W.-Z.C.); (J.-F.Q.); (T.-M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.-L.L.); (K.L.); (Y.-H.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Shi-Qing Xu
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (W.-Z.C.); (J.-F.Q.); (T.-M.D.); (Z.C.); (J.-L.L.); (K.L.); (Y.-H.S.)
- Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology & Ecology (IABE), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-512-65880185
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Xing K, Sun D, Zhao F. Within- and Trans-Generational Life History Responses to Diurnal Temperature Amplitudes of the Pupal Stage in the Diamondback Moth. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 50:888-897. [PMID: 33974683 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Diurnal temperature fluctuations in nature can have a significant effect on many ectodermic traits. However, studies on the effects of diurnal temperature fluctuations on organisms, especially the effects on specific life stages, are still limited. We examined the immediate effects of the same average temperature (25°C) and different temperature amplitudes (±4, ±6, ±8, ±10, ±12°C) on the development and survival of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). We also assessed carry-over effects on adult longevity, reproduction, development, and survival of offspring across generations. The effect of moderate temperature amplitudes was similar to that of constant temperature. Wide temperature amplitudes inhibited the development of pupae, reduced total reproduction, lowered intrinsic rates of population growth, and slowed the development and survival of eggs on the first day, but the proportion of females ovipositing on the first three days increased. Insects coped with the adverse effects of wide temperature amplitudes by laying eggs as soon as possible. Our results confirmed that a logistic model based on daily average temperature cannot predict development rates under wide temperature amplitudes. These findings highlight the effect of environmental temperature fluctuations at the pupal stage on the development and oviposition patterns of P. xylostella and should be fully considered when predicting field occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xing
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- Shanxi Shouyang Dryland Agroecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Shouyang 031700, China
| | - Dongbao Sun
- Shanxi Shouyang Dryland Agroecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Shouyang 031700, China
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Agriculture, College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- Shanxi Shouyang Dryland Agroecosystem National Observation and Research Station, Shouyang 031700, China
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Ahmadi F, Mikani A, Moharramipour S. Induction of diapause by clock proteins period and timeless via changes in PTTH and ecdysteroid titer in the sugar beet moth, Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 107:e21790. [PMID: 33860953 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The sugar beet moth, Scrobipalpa ocellatella (Boyd), one of the most severe sugar beet pests, causes quantitative and qualitative yield losses late in the autumn. Previously, it was shown that low temperature and short-day photoperiod together cause diapause induction in pupae. Here, the interaction of the critical elements of the diapause induction, including the period (PER), timeless (TIM), prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH), and ecdysteroid titer, were investigated. Immunohistochemistry results showed that the number of period immunoreactivity (PER-ir) and TIM-ir cells in nondiapause pupae (NDP) was lower than in the brain of the diapause pupae (DP). Moreover, the number of PER-ir and TIM-ir cells in the protocerebrum and optic lobe (OL) of NDP was lower than DP. Moreover, lower PTTH content in the brain and hemolymph of DP was confirmed by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Enzyme immunoassay showed a lower 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) titer in the hemolymph of the DP compared with the NDP. Within a short-day condition, PER and TIM titers increased in the brain leading to decreasing PTTH titers in the brain and hemolymph that caused decreasing 20E titer in the hemolymph, leading to the induction of diapause. This study suggests that PER and TIM could be one of the brain factors that play an essential role in regulating diapause in S. ocellatella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ahmadi
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Mikani
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Moharramipour
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Zhang X, Du W, Zhang J, Zou Z, Ruan C. High-throughput profiling of diapause regulated genes from Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:864. [PMID: 33276726 PMCID: PMC7718664 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07285-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma dendrolimi, can enter diapause at the prepupal stage. Thus, diapause is an efficient preservation method during the mass production of T. dendrolimi. Previous studies on diapause have mainly focused on ecological characteristics, so the molecular basis of diapause in T. dendrolimi is unknown. We compared transcriptomes of diapause and non-diapause T. dendrolimi to identify key genes and pathways involved in diapause development. Results Transcriptome sequencing was performed on diapause prepupae, pupae after diapause, non-diapause prepupae, and pupae. Analysis yielded a total of 87,022 transcripts with an average length of 1604 bp. By removing redundant sequences and those without significant BLAST hits, a non-redundant dataset was generated, containing 7593 sequences with an average length of 3351 bp. Among them, 5702 genes were differentially expressed. The result of Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, oxidation-reduction process, and signal transduction were significantly affected. Ten genes were selected for validation using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The changes showed the same trend as between the qPCR and RNA-Seq results. Several genes were identified as involved in diapause, including ribosomal proteins, zinc finger proteins, homeobox proteins, forkhead box proteins, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, Glutathione-S-transferase, p53, and DNA damage-regulated gene 1 (pdrg1). Genes related to lipid metabolism were also included. Conclusions We generated a large amount of transcriptome data from T. dendrolimi, providing a resource for future gene function research. The diapause-related genes identified help reveal the molecular mechanisms of diapause, in T. dendrolimi, and other insect species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07285-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Wenmei Du
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insect and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Changchun Ruan
- Engineering Research Center of Natural Enemies, Institute of Biological Control, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Rodrigues YK, Beldade P. Thermal Plasticity in Insects’ Response to Climate Change and to Multifactorial Environments. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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