1
|
Viana JPC, Lopes-da-Silva M, Viana MC, Tidon R. Establishment and Expansion Scenario of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Central Brazil. NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2023; 52:975-985. [PMID: 37126190 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-023-01042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), also known as spotted wing drosophila (SWD), is an important pest that damages various wild and cultivated soft fruits worldwide, especially in the Northern Hemisphere. In Brazil, it occurs mainly in the subtropical climates of the southern and southeastern regions. However, SWD has also been sporadically found in the central region of the country in the natural vegetation of the tropical Brazilian Savanna. In this study, we investigated the occurrence of SWD at the northern limit of its range in South America - the central region of Brazil - by monitoring an established drosophilid community in an orchard located in the Brazilian Federal District. We also investigated the current geographical distribution of this pest in Brazil and its potential geographical distribution using species distribution models under two different future shared socioeconomic pathways scenarios (2040 and 2060, optimist and pessimist). Twenty drosophilid species were detected among the 6,396 captured specimens, most of which are exotic in the Neotropical region. The fly community greatly fluctuated throughout the year, and the highest abundance of SWD (3.5% relative abundance and 1.38 flies/trap/day) was recorded in April during the rainy season. Potential distribution models indicate that suitable areas for SWD spread will decrease in the south and southeast but increase in the central region of Brazil. We recommend continuous SWD monitoring and improving bioclimatic forecast models for mitigating damage to local fruit production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Pedro Cavalcante Viana
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Univ de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lopes-da-Silva
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Centro Nacional de Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (CENARGEN), Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | | | - Rosana Tidon
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Univ de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
- Depto de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Univ de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sario S, Melo-Ferreira J, Santos C. Winter Is (Not) Coming: Is Climate Change Helping Drosophila suzukii Overwintering? BIOLOGY 2023; 12:907. [PMID: 37508339 PMCID: PMC10376787 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic challenges, particularly climate change-associated factors, are strongly impacting the behavior, distribution, and survival of insects. Yet how these changes affect pests such as Drosophila suzukii, a cosmopolitan pest of soft-skinned small fruits, remains poorly understood. This polyphagous pest is chill-susceptible, with cold temperatures causing multiple stresses, including desiccation and starvation, also challenging the immune system. Since the invasion of Europe and the United States of America in 2009, it has been rapidly spreading to several European and American countries (both North and South American) and North African and Asian countries. However, globalization and global warming are allowing an altitudinal and latitudinal expansion of the species, and thus the colonization of colder regions. This review explores how D. suzukii adapts to survive during cold seasons. We focus on overwintering strategies of behavioral adaptations such as migration or sheltering, seasonal polyphenism, reproductive adaptations, as well as metabolic and transcriptomic changes in response to cold. Finally, we discuss how the continuation of climate change may promote the ability of this species to survive and spread, and what mitigation measures could be employed to overcome cold-adapted D. suzukii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sario
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-453 Porto, Portugal
| | - José Melo-Ferreira
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- CIBIO-Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, InBIO Associate Laboratory, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal
| | - Conceição Santos
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4050-453 Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tsuruda M, Girod P, Clausen M, Carrillo J. Aromatic border plants in early season berries do not increase parasitism of spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:134-139. [PMID: 36114592 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura, is a South-East Asian vinegar fly that is a serious worldwide economic threat to the small fruit industry. Typical control consists of weekly pesticide applications, which can have nontarget effects, increase residual pesticides and lead to the development of resistance within pest populations. One potential alternate method of control is the planting of aromatic intercrops to attract the natural enemies of D. suzukii and/or repel the flies directly. We intercropped strawberry rows with flowering sweet alyssum or ryegrass-clover (control) to evaluate their efficacy at mitigating D. suzukii infestation through the attraction of two specialized larval parasitoids, Leptopilina japonica (Novkovic and Kimura) and Ganaspis brasiliensis (Ihering). RESULTS Our study did not demonstrate any significant effect of sweet alyssum intercropping on the infestation rate of D. suzukii in strawberries or parasitism level. However, we found that advanced sampling date and recorded numbers of D. suzukii larvae and parasitoids were positively correlated, indicating higher populations at the end of the strawberry-growing season. CONCLUSIONS Sweet alyssum intercrops did not reduce D. suzukii infestation rates or increase parasitism levels, likely due to low population numbers in early season berry varieties. Aromatic intercrops may be more effective for increasing pest control in later season crops. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Tsuruda
- Plant Insect Ecology and Evolution Lab, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Biodiversity Research Centre, Centre for Sustainable Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Pierre Girod
- Plant Insect Ecology and Evolution Lab, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Biodiversity Research Centre, Centre for Sustainable Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Martina Clausen
- Plant Insect Ecology and Evolution Lab, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Biodiversity Research Centre, Centre for Sustainable Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Juli Carrillo
- Plant Insect Ecology and Evolution Lab, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Biodiversity Research Centre, Centre for Sustainable Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wilson JK, Gut LJ, Powers K, Huang J, Rothwell N. Predicting the Risk of Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus) Infestation by Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:1024-1028. [PMID: 35217870 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a vinegar fly native to East Asia that has rapidly expanded its range to become a pest of sweet cherry (Prunus avium, L. 1753 [Rosales: Rosaceae]) and tart cherry (P. cerasus, L. 1753) in North America and Europe. The goal of the research presented herein was to improve the decision-making process for managing D. suzukii in tart cherry. Knowing that D. suzukii females are attracted to ripening fruit, we measured fruit infestation by D. suzukii as it relates to an existing fruit development model that uses full bloom as a biofix, calculating accumulated growing degree days (GDD) with a lower threshold of 4°C. Increasing larval infestation was highly correlated with fruit development expressed as GDD post-bloom with very few larvae developing in fruit subjected to no-choice assays prior to 530 GDD (base 4°C) and no larvae detected in naturally infested fruit prior to 800 GDD. Our findings provide the first quantification of the relationship between fruit development and D. suzukii infestation that allows for pinpointing the timing of fruit susceptibility and that could be used as the basis for a more sustainable management program for this pest in tart cherry orchards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julianna K Wilson
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Larry J Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Karen Powers
- Northwest Michigan Horticultural Research Center, Traverse City, MI, USA
| | - Juan Huang
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Nikki Rothwell
- Northwest Michigan Horticultural Research Center, Traverse City, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kalfas I, De Ketelaere B, Beliën T, Saeys W. Optical Identification of Fruitfly Species Based on Their Wingbeats Using Convolutional Neural Networks. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:812506. [PMID: 35720527 PMCID: PMC9204059 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.812506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The spotted wing Drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii, is a significant invasive pest of berries and soft-skinned fruits that causes major economic losses in fruit production worldwide. Automatic identification and monitoring strategies would allow to detect the emergence of this pest in an early stage and minimize its impact. The small size of Drosophila suzukii and similar flying insects makes it difficult to identify them using camera systems. Therefore, an optical sensor recording wingbeats was investigated in this study. We trained convolutional neural network (CNN) classifiers to distinguish D. suzukii insects from one of their closest relatives, Drosophila Melanogaster, based on their wingbeat patterns recorded by the optical sensor. Apart from the original wingbeat time signals, we modeled their frequency (power spectral density) and time-frequency (spectrogram) representations. A strict validation procedure was followed to estimate the models' performance in field-conditions. First, we validated each model on wingbeat data that was collected under the same conditions using different insect populations to train and test them. Next, we evaluated their robustness on a second independent dataset which was acquired under more variable environmental conditions. The best performing model, named "InceptionFly," was trained on wingbeat time signals. It was able to discriminate between our two target insects with a balanced accuracy of 92.1% on the test set and 91.7% on the second independent dataset. This paves the way towards early, automated detection of D. suzukii infestation in fruit orchards.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Kalfas
- Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, MeBioS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart De Ketelaere
- Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, MeBioS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tim Beliën
- Zoology Department, pcfruit vzw, Sint-Truiden, Belgium
| | - Wouter Saeys
- Department of Biosystems, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, MeBioS, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tait G, Mermer S, Stockton D, Lee J, Avosani S, Abrieux A, Anfora G, Beers E, Biondi A, Burrack H, Cha D, Chiu JC, Choi MY, Cloonan K, Crava CM, Daane KM, Dalton DT, Diepenbrock L, Fanning P, Ganjisaffar F, Gómez MI, Gut L, Grassi A, Hamby K, Hoelmer KA, Ioriatti C, Isaacs R, Klick J, Kraft L, Loeb G, Rossi-Stacconi MV, Nieri R, Pfab F, Puppato S, Rendon D, Renkema J, Rodriguez-Saona C, Rogers M, Sassù F, Schöneberg T, Scott MJ, Seagraves M, Sial A, Van Timmeren S, Wallingford A, Wang X, Yeh DA, Zalom FG, Walton VM. Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): A Decade of Research Towards a Sustainable Integrated Pest Management Program. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:1950-1974. [PMID: 34516634 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) also known as spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), is a pest native to Southeast Asia. In the last few decades, the pest has expanded its range to affect all major European and American fruit production regions. SWD is a highly adaptive insect that is able to disperse, survive, and flourish under a range of environmental conditions. Infestation by SWD generates both direct and indirect economic impacts through yield losses, shorter shelf life of infested fruit, and increased production costs. Fresh markets, frozen berries, and fruit export programs have been impacted by the pest due to zero tolerance for fruit infestation. As SWD control programs rely heavily on insecticides, exceedance of maximum residue levels (MRLs) has also resulted in crop rejections. The economic impact of SWD has been particularly severe for organic operations, mainly due to the limited availability of effective insecticides. Integrated pest management (IPM) of SWD could significantly reduce chemical inputs but would require substantial changes to horticultural management practices. This review evaluates the most promising methods studied as part of an IPM strategy against SWD across the world. For each of the considered techniques, the effectiveness, impact, sustainability, and stage of development are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Tait
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Serhan Mermer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Dara Stockton
- USDA-ARS Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Jana Lee
- USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Sabina Avosani
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Antoine Abrieux
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Gianfranco Anfora
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
| | - Elizabeth Beers
- Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, USA
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Hannah Burrack
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Dong Cha
- USDA-ARS Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Joanna C Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Man-Yeon Choi
- USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | - Cristina M Crava
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Kent M Daane
- Kearney Agricultural Research and Education Center, Parlier, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Daniel T Dalton
- Faculty of Engineering & IT, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, 9524, Villach, Austria
| | - Lauren Diepenbrock
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Phillip Fanning
- USDA Economic Research Service, Market Trade and Economics Division, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Fatemeh Ganjisaffar
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Miguel I Gómez
- Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Larry Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Alberto Grassi
- Technology Transfer Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Kelly Hamby
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Kim A Hoelmer
- USDA-ARS Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Claudio Ioriatti
- Technology Transfer Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Laura Kraft
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Gregory Loeb
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY, USA
| | | | - Rachele Nieri
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Ferdinand Pfab
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Simone Puppato
- Technology Transfer Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Dalila Rendon
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Justin Renkema
- London Research and Development Centre - Vineland Campus, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Vineland, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mary Rogers
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Fabiana Sassù
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Insect Pest Control Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Maxwell J Scott
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Ashfaq Sial
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Anna Wallingford
- Department of Agriculture Nutrition and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Xingeng Wang
- USDA-ARS Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE, USA
| | - D Adeline Yeh
- USDA Economic Research Service, Market Trade and Economics Division, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Frank G Zalom
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Vaughn M Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ørsted M, Lye J, Umina PA, Maino JL. Global analysis of the seasonal abundance of the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii reveal temperature extremes determine population activity potential. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4555-4563. [PMID: 34085385 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global pest spotted winged drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) continues to have a significant economic impact on fruit production in areas where it is established, in addition to newly invaded ranges. Management activities spanning national biosecurity responses to farm-scale pest control are limited by the inability to predict the timing and severity of seasonal outbreaks of D. suzukii and its climatic drivers. RESULTS Here, we compiled and analysed data on international seasonal abundances for D. suzukii under different climates, crop types and management contexts to improve the predictability of seasonal population dynamics. In relating seasonal abundances to environmental predictors, specifically temperature, we found strong negative effects of exposure to high and low temperatures during the preceding month. Unlike most regional studies on D. suzukii phenology that focus on temperature in the physiological development range, we show that thermal extremes better explain seasonal population fluctuations. CONCLUSION Although trap catches remain an indirect measure of infestations and must be interpreted carefully in terms of crop risk, our results should support monitoring programmes through enhanced knowledge of the climatic factors affecting D. suzukii population activity. The negative impact of high temperatures suggests that late-season management strategies focusing on manipulating crop microclimates to temperatures above 25 °C can reduce D. suzukii abundance. We show that early season abundance is modulated by climate, particularly the depth of cold extremes experienced in the preceding time interval. These associations may be further developed into early-season crop risk forecasts to support monitoring programs. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Ørsted
- Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | - Paul A Umina
- Cesar Australia, Parkville, Australia
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stockton DG, Wallingford AK, Brind'amore G, Diepenbrock L, Burrack H, Leach H, Isaacs R, Iglesias LE, Liburd O, Drummond F, Ballman E, Guedot C, Van Zoeren J, Loeb GM. Seasonal polyphenism of spotted-wing Drosophila is affected by variation in local abiotic conditions within its invaded range, likely influencing survival and regional population dynamics. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:7669-7685. [PMID: 32760556 PMCID: PMC7391339 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Overwintering Drosophila often display adaptive phenotypic differences beneficial for survival at low temperatures. However, it is unclear which morphological traits are the best estimators of abiotic conditions, how those traits are correlated with functional outcomes in cold tolerance, and whether there are regional differences in trait expression.We used a combination of controlled laboratory assays, and collaborative field collections of invasive Drosophila suzukii in different areas of the United States, to study the factors affecting phenotype variability of this temperate fruit pest now found globally.Laboratory studies demonstrated that winter morph (WM) trait expression is continuous within the developmental temperature niche of this species (10-25°C) and that wing length and abdominal melanization are the best predictors of the larval abiotic environment.However, the duration and timing of cold exposure also produced significant variation in development time, morphology, and survival at cold temperatures. During a stress test assay conducted at -5°C, although cold tolerance was greater among WM flies, long-term exposure to cold temperatures as adults significantly improved summer morph (SM) survival, indicating that these traits are not controlled by a single mechanism.Among wild D. suzukii populations, we found that regional variation in abiotic conditions differentially affects the expression of morphological traits, although further research is needed to determine whether these differences are genetic or environmental in origin and whether thermal susceptibility thresholds differ among populations within its invaded range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dara G Stockton
- Department of Entomology Cornell AgriTech Cornell University Geneva New York USA
| | - Anna K Wallingford
- University of New Hampshire Cooperative Extension Durham New Hampshire USA
| | | | - Lauren Diepenbrock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology University of Florida Lake Alfred Florida USA
| | - Hannah Burrack
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina USA
| | - Heather Leach
- Department of Entomology The Pennsylvania State University University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA
| | - Lindsy E Iglesias
- Department of Entomology Cornell AgriTech Cornell University Geneva New York USA
| | - Oscar Liburd
- Department of Entomology and Nematology University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA
| | - Francis Drummond
- School of Biology and Ecology University of Maine Orono Maine USA
- Cooperative Extension University of Maine Orono Maine USA
| | - Elissa Ballman
- School of Biology and Ecology University of Maine Orono Maine USA
| | - Christelle Guedot
- Department of Entomology University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Janet Van Zoeren
- Department of Entomology University of Wisconsin Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Greg M Loeb
- Department of Entomology Cornell AgriTech Cornell University Geneva New York USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Little CM, Chapman TW, Hillier NK. Plasticity Is Key to Success of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) Invasion. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2020; 20:5837529. [PMID: 32417920 PMCID: PMC7230767 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
After its initial discovery in California in 2008, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura has become one of the most important invasive agricultural pest insects across climate zones in much of Asia, Europe, North America, and South America. Populations of D. suzukii have demonstrated notable behavioral and physiological plasticity, adapting to diverse environmental and climatic conditions, interspecific competition, novel food sources, and potential predators. This adaptability and plasticity have enabled rapid range expansion and diversified niche use by D. suzukii, making it a species particularly suited to changing habitats and conditions. This article reviews factors and evidence that influence plasticity in D. suzukii and promotes this species' invasiveness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Little
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John’s, NL, Canada
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - Thomas W Chapman
- Department of Biology, Memorial University of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - N Kirk Hillier
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kamiyama MT, Bradford BZ, Groves RL, Guédot C. Degree day models to forecast the seasonal phenology of Drosophila suzukii in tart cherry orchards in the Midwest U.S. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227726. [PMID: 32330137 PMCID: PMC7182266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is an invasive economic pest of soft-skinned and stone fruit across the globe. Our study establishes both a predictive generalized linear mixed model (GLMM), and a generalized additive mixed model (GAMM) of the dynamic seasonal phenology of D. suzukii based on four years of adult monitoring trap data in Wisconsin tart cherry orchards collected throughout the growing season. The models incorporate year, field site, relative humidity, and degree days (DD); and relate these factors to trap catch. The GLMM estimated a coefficient of 2.21 for DD/1000, meaning for every increment of 1000 DD, trap catch increases by roughly 9 flies. The GAMM generated a curve based on a cubic regression smoothing function of DD which approximates critical DD points of first adult D. suzukii detection at 1276 DD, above average field populations beginning at 2019 DD, and peak activity at 3180 DD. By incorporating four years of comprehensive seasonal phenology data from the same locations, we introduce robust models capable of using DD to forecast changing adult D. suzukii populations in the field leading to the application of more timely and effective management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T. Kamiyama
- Division of Applied Biosciences, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Z. Bradford
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Russell L. Groves
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Christelle Guédot
- Department of Entomology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tran AK, Hutchison WD, Asplen MK. Morphometric criteria to differentiate Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) seasonal morphs. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228780. [PMID: 32027732 PMCID: PMC7004555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Temperate insect species often enter diapause in preparation for overwintering. One such species is the invasive vinegar fly, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), which has seasonal polymorphisms, considered winter and summer morphs. To date, the morphs have been differentiated by color and size with winter morphs typically being darker and larger compared to summer morphs. ‘Dark’ and ‘large’ are subjective, however, and standardizing an identification process can ensure that the morph of interest is being accurately characterized. The goal of our research was to investigate a quantitative method to distinguish between D. suzukii morphs based on body and wing size. We reared winter and summer morph D. suzukii in the laboratory using standard procedures, and measured wing length, wing width, and hind tibia length. Additionally, we collected field D. suzukii to document the seasonal phenology of the morphs in Minnesota based on our model’s cutoff criteria. A classification and regression tree analysis were used to determine which metrics would be best for predicting field-caught D. suzukii morphs. Using laboratory-reared flies as our known morphs for the training data in the classification model we developed classification trees based on wing length and the ratio of wing length to hind tibia length. The frequency of winter and summer morphs present in the field varied based on which classification tree was used. Nevertheless, we suggest ratio of wing length to hind tibia length as the most robust criteria for differentiating D. suzukii morphs because the ratio accounts for the size variability between laboratory-reared and field-caught flies and the error rate of misclassification is reduced to 0.01 for males. The results from this work can aid in future D. suzukii research by allowing scientists to objectively differentiate the morphs, and thereby improve our understanding of the biology and phenology of seasonal morph dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anh K. Tran
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - W. D. Hutchison
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Mark K. Asplen
- Natural Sciences Department, Metropolitan State University, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|