1
|
Escobar MR, Lepek VC, Basile LA. Influence of cyclic di-GMP metabolism to T3SS expression, biofilm formation and symbiosis efficiency in Mesorhizobium japonicum MAFF303099. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2023; 370:fnad087. [PMID: 37632199 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnad087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A link between the T3SS and inhibition of swimming motility by the transcriptional regulator TtsI in Mesorhizobium japonicum MAFF303099 has been previously reported. Here, we show that mutants in T3SS components display impaired biofilm formation capacity, indicating that a functional T3SS, or at least pili formation, is required for this process. As a first approach to the cdiG regulation network in this bacterium, we started a study of the second messenger cdiG by overexpressing or by deleting some genes encoding cdiG metabolizing enzymes. Overexpression of two putative PDEs as well as deletion of various DGCs led to reduced biofilm formation on glass tubes. Mutation of dgc9509 also affected negatively the nodulation and symbiosis efficiency on Lotus plants, which can be related to the observed reduction in adhesion to plant roots. Results from transcriptional nopX- and ttsI-promoter-lacZ fusions suggested that cdiG negatively regulates T3SS expression in M. japonicum MAFF303099.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariel R Escobar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo Ugalde", Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías, Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIBio-EByN-UNSAM), CONICET. Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Viviana C Lepek
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo Ugalde", Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías, Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIBio-EByN-UNSAM), CONICET. Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura A Basile
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas "Dr. Rodolfo Ugalde", Escuela de Bio y Nanotecnologías, Universidad Nacional de San Martín (IIBio-EByN-UNSAM), CONICET. Av. 25 de Mayo y Francia, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Coloma-Rivero RF, Flores-Concha M, Molina RE, Soto-Shara R, Cartes Á, Oñate ÁA. Brucella and Its Hidden Flagellar System. Microorganisms 2021; 10:83. [PMID: 35056531 PMCID: PMC8781033 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Brucella, a Gram-negative bacterium with a high infective capacity and a wide spectrum of hosts in the animal world, is found in terrestrial and marine mammals, as well as amphibians. This broad spectrum of hosts is closely related to the non-classical virulence factors that allow this pathogen to establish its replicative niche, colonizing epithelial and immune system cells, evading the host's defenses and defensive response. While motility is the primary role of the flagellum in most bacteria, in Brucella, the flagellum is involved in virulence, infectivity, cell growth, and biofilm formation, all of which are very important facts in a bacterium that to date has been described as a non-motile organism. Evidence of the expression of these flagellar proteins that are present in Brucella makes it possible to hypothesize certain evolutionary aspects as to where a free-living bacterium eventually acquired genetic material from environmental microorganisms, including flagellar genes, conferring on it the ability to reach other hosts (mammals), and, under selective pressure from the environment, can express these genes, helping it to evade the immune response. This review summarizes relevant aspects of the presence of flagellar proteins and puts into context their relevance in certain functions associated with the infective process. The study of these flagellar genes gives the genus Brucella a very high infectious versatility, placing it among the main organisms in urgent need of study, as it is linked to human health by direct contact with farm animals and by eventual transmission to the general population, where flagellar genes and proteins are of great relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ángel A. Oñate
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (R.F.C.-R.); (M.F.-C.); (R.E.M.); (R.S.-S.); (Á.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang X, Huo H, Luo Y, Liu D, Zhao L, Zong L, Chou M, Chen J, Wei G. Type III secretion systems impact Mesorhizobium amorphae CCNWGS0123 compatibility with Robinia pseudoacacia. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:1533-1550. [PMID: 31274160 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Rhizobia and legume plants are famous mutualistic symbiosis partners who provide nitrogen nutrition to the natural environment. Rhizobial type III secretion systems (T3SSs) deliver effectors that manipulate the metabolism of eukaryotic host cells. Mesorhizobium amorphae CCNWGS0123 (GS0123) contains two T3SS gene clusters, T3SS-I and T3SS-II. T3SS-I contains all the basal components for an integrated T3SS, and the expression of T3SS-I genes is up-regulated in the presence of flavonoids. In contrast, T3SS-II lacks the primary extracellular elements of T3SSs, and the expression of T3SS-II genes is down-regulated in the presence of flavonoids. Inoculation tests on Robinia pseudoacacia displayed considerable differences in gene expression patterns and levels among roots inoculated with GS0123 and T3SS-deficient mutant (GS0123ΔrhcN1 (GS0123ΔT1), GS0123ΔrhcN2 (GS0123ΔT2) and GS0123ΔrhcN1ΔrhcN2 (GS0123ΔS)). Compared with the GS0123-inoculated plants, GS0123ΔT1-inoculated roots formed very few infection threads and effective nodules, while GS0123ΔT2-inoculated roots formed a little fewer infection threads and effective nodules with increased numbers of bacteroids enclosed in one symbiosome. Moreover, almost no infection threads or effective nodules were observed in GS0123ΔS-inoculated roots. In addition to evaluations of plant immunity signals, we observed that the coexistence of T3SS-I and T3SS-II promoted infection by suppressing host defense response in the reactive oxygen species defense response pathway. Future studies should focus on identifying rhizobial T3SS effectors and their host target proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Haibo Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yantao Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Minxia Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|