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Wang L, Zeng Q, Hu J, Bao Z, Wang M. Proteome analysis of outer membrane vesicles from Vibrio parahaemolyticus causing acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease. J Invertebr Pathol 2024; 204:108082. [PMID: 38447863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2024.108082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
A specific strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VpAHPND) causes acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND), leading to significant losses in shrimp aquaculture. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are naturally secreted by Gram-negative bacteria, and their significant roles in host-pathogen interactions and pathogenicity have been recognized. In the present study, OMVs were isolated from VpAHPND by differential-ultracentrifugation and used for proteomics analysis. In the Nano-HPLC-MS/MS analysis, totally 645 proteins were determined, including virulence factors, immunogenic proteins, outer membrane protein, bacterial secretory proteins, ribosomal proteins, protease, and iron regulation proteins. Furthermore, GO and KEGG annotations indicated that proteins identified in VpAHPND-OMVs are involved in metabolism, regulation of multiple biological processes, genetic information processes, immunity and more. Meanwhile, toxin proteins PirAvp and PirBvp, associated with VpAHPND pathogenicity, were also identified in the proteome of VpAHPND-OMVs. Our objective is to identify the protein composition of OMVs released by VpAHPND, analyzing the potential for cytotoxicity and immunomodulatory activity of these granule hosts. This study is crucial for understanding the roles played by bacterial-derived vesicles in the disease process, given that these vesicles carry relevant activities inherent to the bacteria that produce them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Qifan Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China; Hebei Xinhai Aquatic Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Cangzhou 061101, China
| | - Jingjie Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China; Hebei Xinhai Aquatic Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Cangzhou 061101, China
| | - Mengqiang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China.
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Kebbi-Beghdadi C, Pilloux L, Martin V, Greub G. Eukaryotic Cell Permeabilisation to Identify New Putative Chlamydial Type III Secretion System Effectors Secreted within Host Cell Cytoplasm. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030361. [PMID: 32138376 PMCID: PMC7143554 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis and Waddlia chondrophila are strict intracellular bacteria belonging to the Chlamydiales order. C. trachomatis is the most frequent bacterial cause of genital and ocular infections whereas W. chondrophila is an opportunistic pathogen associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and respiratory infections. Being strictly intracellular, these bacteria are engaged in a complex interplay with their hosts to modulate their environment and create optimal conditions for completing their life cycle. For this purpose, they possess several secretion pathways and, in particular, a Type III Secretion System (T3SS) devoted to the delivery of effector proteins in the host cell cytosol. Identifying these effectors is a crucial step in understanding the molecular basis of bacterial pathogenesis. Following incubation of infected cells with perfringolysin O, a pore-forming toxin that binds cholesterol present in plasma membranes, we analysed by mass spectrometry the protein content of the host cell cytoplasm. We identified 13 putative effectors secreted by C. trachomatis and 19 secreted by W. chondrophila. Using Y. enterocolitica as a heterologous expression and secretion system, we confirmed that four of these identified proteins are secreted by the T3SS. Two W. chondrophila T3SS effectors (hypothetical proteins Wcw_0499 and Wcw_1706) were further characterised and demonstrated to be early/mid-cycle effectors. In addition, Wcw_1706 is associated with a tetratricopeptide domain-containing protein homologous to C. trachomatis class II chaperone. Furthermore, we identified a novel C. trachomatis effector, CT460 that localises in the eukaryotic nucleus when ectopically expressed in 293 T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gilbert Greub
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-21-314-4979; Fax: +41-21-314-4060
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A predation assay using amoebae to screen for virulence factors unearthed the first W. chondrophila inclusion membrane protein. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19485. [PMID: 31862969 PMCID: PMC6925127 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55511-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Waddlia chondrophila is an intracellular bacterium phylogenetically related to the well-studied human and animal pathogens of the Chlamydiaceae family. In the last decade, W. chondrophila was convincingly demonstrated to be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in humans and abortions in animals. All members of the phylum Chlamydiae possess a Type Three Secretion System that they use for delivering virulence proteins into the host cell cytosol to modulate their environment and create optimal conditions to complete their life cycle. To identify W. chondrophila virulence proteins, we used an original screening approach that combines a cosmid library with an assay monitoring resistance to predation by phagocytic amoebae. This technique combined with bioinformatic data allowed the identification of 28 candidate virulence proteins, including Wimp1, the first identified inclusion membrane protein of W. chondrophila.
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Pillonel T, Bertelli C, Aeby S, de Barsy M, Jacquier N, Kebbi-Beghdadi C, Mueller L, Vouga M, Greub G. Sequencing the Obligate Intracellular Rhabdochlamydia helvetica within Its Tick Host Ixodes ricinus to Investigate Their Symbiotic Relationship. Genome Biol Evol 2019; 11:1334-1344. [PMID: 30949677 PMCID: PMC6490308 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rhabdochlamydiaceae family is one of the most widely distributed within the phylum Chlamydiae, but most of its members remain uncultivable. Rhabdochlamydia 16S rRNA was recently reported in more than 2% of 8,534 pools of ticks from Switzerland. Shotgun metagenomics was performed on a pool of five female Ixodes ricinus ticks presenting a high concentration of chlamydial DNA, allowing the assembly of a high-quality draft genome. About 60% of sequence reads originated from a single bacterial population that was named "Candidatus Rhabdochlamydia helvetica" whereas only few thousand reads mapped to the genome of "Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii," a symbiont normally observed in all I. ricinus females. The 1.8 Mbp genome of R. helvetica is smaller than other Chlamydia-related bacteria. Comparative analyses with other chlamydial genomes identified transposases of the PD-(D/E)XK nuclease family that are unique to this new genome. These transposases show evidence of interphylum horizontal gene transfers between multiple arthropod endosymbionts, including Cardinium spp. (Bacteroidetes) and diverse proteobacteria such as Wolbachia, Rickettsia spp. (Rickettsiales), and Caedimonas varicaedens (Holosporales). Bacterial symbionts were previously suggested to provide B-vitamins to hematophagous hosts. However, incomplete metabolic capacities including for B-vitamin biosynthesis, high bacterial density and limited prevalence suggest that R. helvetica is parasitic rather than symbiotic to its host. The identification of novel Rhabdochlamydia strains in different hosts and their sequencing will help understanding if members of this genus have become highly specialized parasites with reduced genomes, like the Chlamydiaceae, or if they could be pathogenic to humans using ticks as a transmission vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trestan Pillonel
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Bertelli
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Aeby
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie de Barsy
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Jacquier
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carole Kebbi-Beghdadi
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Linda Mueller
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Manon Vouga
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
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Bayramova F, Jacquier N, Greub G. Insight in the biology of Chlamydia-related bacteria. Microbes Infect 2017; 20:432-440. [PMID: 29269129 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Chlamydiales order is composed of obligate intracellular bacteria and includes the Chlamydiaceae family and several family-level lineages called Chlamydia-related bacteria. In this review we will highlight the conserved and distinct biological features between these two groups. We will show how a better characterization of Chlamydia-related bacteria may increase our understanding on the Chlamydiales order evolution, and may help identifying new therapeutic targets to treat chlamydial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firuza Bayramova
- Centre for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Centre and University of Lausanne, Bugnon 48, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Jacquier
- Centre for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Centre and University of Lausanne, Bugnon 48, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- Centre for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Centre and University of Lausanne, Bugnon 48, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Vouga M, Baud D, Greub G. Simkania negevensis, an insight into the biology and clinical importance of a novel member of the Chlamydiales order. Crit Rev Microbiol 2016; 43:62-80. [PMID: 27786615 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2016.1165650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Simkania negevensis is a Chlamydia-related bacterium discovered in 1993 and represents the founding member of the Simkaniaceae family within the Chlamydiales order. As other Chlamydiales, it is an obligate intracellular bacterium characterized by a biphasic developmental cycle. Its similarities with the pathogenic Chlamydia trachomatis and Chlamydia pneumoniae make it an interesting bacterium. So far, little is known about its biology, but S. negevensis harbors various microbiological characteristics of interest, including a strong association of the Simkania-containing vacuole with the ER and the presence of an intron in the 23S rRNA encoding gene. Evidence of human exposition has been reported worldwide. However, there is a lack of robust clinical studies evaluating its implication in human diseases; current data suggest an association with pneumonia and bronchiolitis making S. negevensis a potential emerging pathogen. Owing to its fastidious growth requirements, the clinical relevance of S. negevensis is probably underestimated. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on S. negevensis and explore future research challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Vouga
- a Institute of Microbiology , Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University and University Hospital of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland.,b Department "Femme-Mère-Enfant" , Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, University Hospital , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - David Baud
- a Institute of Microbiology , Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University and University Hospital of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland.,b Department "Femme-Mère-Enfant" , Materno-Fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit, University Hospital , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- a Institute of Microbiology , Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University and University Hospital of Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland.,c Infectious Diseases Unit , University hospital , Lausanne , Switzerland
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Vasilevsky S, Stojanov M, Greub G, Baud D. Chlamydial polymorphic membrane proteins: regulation, function and potential vaccine candidates. Virulence 2015; 7:11-22. [PMID: 26580416 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2015.1111509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pmps (Polymorphic Membrane Proteins) are a group of membrane bound surface exposed chlamydial proteins that have been characterized as autotransporter adhesins and are important in the initial phase of chlamydial infection. These proteins all contain conserved GGA (I, L, V) and FxxN tetrapeptide motifs in the N-terminal portion of each protein. All chlamydial species express Pmps. Even in the chlamydia-related bacteria Waddlia chondrophila, a Pmp-like adhesin has been identified, demonstrating the importance of Pmps in Chlamydiales biology. Chlamydial species vary in the number of pmp genes and their differentially regulated expression during the infectious cycle or in response to stress. Studies have also demonstrated that Pmps are able to induce innate immune functional responses in infected cells, including production of IL-8, IL-6 and MCP-1, by activating the transcription factor NF-κB. Human serum studies have indicated that although anti-Pmp specific antibodies are produced in response to a chlamydial infection, the response is variable depending on the Pmp protein. In C. trachomatis, PmpB, PmpC, PmpD and PmpI were the proteins eliciting the strongest immune response among adolescents with and without pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). In contrast, PmpA and PmpE elicited the weakest antibody response. Interestingly, there seems to be a gender bias for Pmp recognition with a stronger anti-Pmp reactivity in male patients. Furthermore, anti-PmpA antibodies might contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes, at least among women with PID. In vitro studies indicated that dendritic cells infected with C. muridarum were able to present PmpG and PmpF on their MHC class II receptors and T cells were able to recognize the MHC class-II bound peptides. In addition, vaccination with PmpEFGH and Major Outer Membrane Protein (MOMP) significantly protected mice against a genital tract C. muridarum infection, suggesting that Pmps may be an important component of a multi-subunit chlamydial vaccine. Thus, Pmps might be important not only for the pathogenesis of chlamydial infection, but also as potential candidate vaccine proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Vasilevsky
- a Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Maternity; University Hospital ; Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Milos Stojanov
- a Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Maternity; University Hospital ; Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- b Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria; Institute of Microbiology; Faculty of Biology and Medicine; University of Lausanne and University Hospital ; Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - David Baud
- a Materno-fetal and Obstetrics Research Unit ; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; Maternity; University Hospital ; Lausanne , Switzerland
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Lamoth F, Pillonel T, Greub G. Waddlia: An emerging pathogen and a model organism to study the biology of chlamydiae. Microbes Infect 2015; 17:732-7. [PMID: 26432516 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Revised: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Waddlia chondrophila is an emerging pathogen associated with abortion in cattle. In humans, a growing body of evidence supports its pathogenic role in miscarriage and in respiratory tract infection. The human pathogenicity of W. chondrophila is further supported by the presence of several virulence factors including a catalase, a functional T3SS and several adhesins. Despite this medical importance, no commercial tests are available and diagnostic of this strict intracellular bacterium mainly relies on serology, PCR and immunohistochemistry. So far, the epidemiology of W. chondrophila remains largely unexplored and zoonotic, waterborne or interhuman transmission has been considered. Apart from its pathogenic role, chlamydiologists are also interested in W. chondrophila in order to better understand biological mechanisms conserved and shared with Chlamydia spp. Indeed, W. chondrophila proved to be a useful model organism to study the pathobiology of chlamydiae thanks to its rapid replication, its large size allowing precise subcellular protein localization, as well as its growth in Dictyostelium amoebae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fréderic Lamoth
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Trestan Pillonel
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne and University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Verweij SP, Kebbi-Beghdadi C, Land JA, Ouburg S, Morré SA, Greub G. Waddlia chondrophila and Chlamydia trachomatis antibodies in screening infertile women for tubal pathology. Microbes Infect 2015; 17:745-8. [PMID: 26428856 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Since Waddlia chondrophila is closely related to Chlamydia trachomatis, we hypothesise that W. chondrophila may also be associated with tubal factor infertility (TFI) in women, a major complication of chronic C. trachomatis infection. Five hundred twenty serum samples were tested for anti-Waddlia antibodies by ELISA. Among the 520 investigated women, a total number of 142 (27.3%) has had laparoscopic diagnosis performed, and were either classified TFI positive or negative. Presence of high titres of W. chondrophila antibodies was linked to TFI (p < 0.0001; OR: 7.5; 95% CI: 3.3-17). Moreover, antibody positivity to both W. chondrophila and C. trachomatis-MOMP was strongly associated with TFI (p < 0.0001; OR: 21; 95% CI: 3.8-12E1). This association was much stronger than the statistical association of C. trachomatis-MOMP antibodies only (p < 0.0001; OR: 7.1; 95% CI: 3.7-14), suggesting that co-infection with W. chondrophila and C. trachomatis may lead to more severe reproductive sequelae and immune responses than single infection with either Chlamydiales members.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Verweij
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - C Kebbi-Beghdadi
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J A Land
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Ouburg
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S A Morré
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Institute for Public Health Genomics, Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Research Institute GROW, Faculty of Health, Medicine & Life Sciences, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - G Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Infectious Diseases Service, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Kebbi-Beghdadi C, Fatton M, Greub G. Permissivity of insect cells to Waddlia chondrophila, Estrella lausannensis and Parachlamydia acanthamoebae. Microbes Infect 2015; 17:749-54. [PMID: 26423021 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent large scale studies questioning the presence of intracellular bacteria of the Chlamydiales order in ticks and fleas revealed that arthropods, similarly to mammals, reptiles, birds or fishes, can be colonized by Chlamydia-related bacteria with a predominant representation of the Rhabdochlamydiaceae and Parachlamydiaceae families. We thus investigated the permissivity of two insect cell lines towards Waddlia chondrophila, Estrella lausannensis and Parachlamydia acanthamoebae, three bacteria representative of three distinct families within the Chlamydiales order, all documented in ticks and/or in other arthropods. We demonstrated that W. chondrophila and E. lausannensis are able to very efficiently multiply in these insect cell lines. E. lausannensis however induced a rapid cytopathic effect, which somehow restricted its replication. P. acanthamoebae was not able to grow in these cell lines even if inclusions containing a few replicating bacteria could occasionally be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Kebbi-Beghdadi
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria (CRIB), Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Morgane Fatton
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria (CRIB), Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- Center for Research on Intracellular Bacteria (CRIB), Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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de Barsy M, Bertelli C, Jacquier N, Kebbi-Beghdadi C, Greub G. ESCCAR international congress on Rickettsia and other intracellular bacteria. Microbes Infect 2015; 17:680-8. [PMID: 26297854 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The European Society for the study of Chlamydia, Coxiella, Anaplasma and Rickettsia (ESCCAR) held his triennial international meeting in Lausanne. This meeting gathered 165 scientists from 28 countries and all 5 continents, allowing efficient networking and major scientific exchanges. Topics covered include molecular and cellular microbiology, genomics, as well as epidemiology, veterinary and human medicine. Several breakthroughs have been revealed at the meeting, such as (i) the presence of CRISPR (the "prokaryotic immune system") in chlamydiae, (ii) an Anaplasma effector involved in host chromatin remodelling, (iii) the polarity of the type III secretion system of chlamydiae during the entry process revealed by cryo-electron tomography. Moreover, the ESCCAR meeting was a unique opportunity to be exposed to cutting-edge science and to listen to comprehensive talks on current hot topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie de Barsy
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Bertelli
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Jacquier
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Carole Kebbi-Beghdadi
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gilbert Greub
- Institute of Microbiology, University Hospital Center and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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