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Shi W, Fang J, Ren H, Sun P, Liu J, Deng F, Zhang S, Wang Q, Wang J, Tong S, Tang S, Shi X. Association between exposure to chemical mixtures and epigenetic ageing biomarkers: Modifying effects of thyroid hormones and physical activity. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:134009. [PMID: 38492399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Evidence on the effects of internal chemical mixture exposures on biological age is limited. It also remains unclear whether hormone homeostasis and lifestyle factors can modify such a relationship. Based on the Biomarkers for Air Pollutants Exposure (BAPE) study, which involved healthy older adults aged 60-69 years in China, we found that chemical mixture exposures, including metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), phthalates (PAEs), and organophosphate esters (OPEs), were significantly associated with shortened DNAmTL and accelerated SkinBloodClock, in which PFASs and OPEs in blood were the primary contributors to DNAmTL, while metals and PAEs had relatively higher contributions in urine. Furthermore, lower levels of thyroxin appeared to exacerbate the adverse effects of environmental chemicals on epigenetic ageing but relatively higher levels of physical activity had the beneficial impact. These findings may have important implications for the development of healthy ageing strategy and aged care policy, particularly in light of the global acceleration of population ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, and Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing 100069, China; China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jianlong Fang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Huimin Ren
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Peijie Sun
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Juan Liu
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Fuchang Deng
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jiaonan Wang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shilu Tong
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane 4001, Australia
| | - Song Tang
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
| | - Xiaoming Shi
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China; Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China.
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Song L, Zhou H, Yang Q, He N, Fu F, Li W, Duan G, Wu D, Hao S, Wang J, Liu J. Association between the oxidative balance score and thyroid function: Results from the NHANES 2007-2012 and Mendelian randomization study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298860. [PMID: 38498431 PMCID: PMC10947682 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is a significant contributor to the development of various diseases, and the oxidative balance score (OBS) is a valuable tool for assessing the impact of dietary and lifestyle factors on oxidative stress in humans. Nevertheless, the precise relationship between OBS and thyroid function in adults remains elusive. METHODS This cross-sectional study comprised 6222 adult participants drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted from 2007 to 2012. Employing weighted multivariable linear regression modeling, the study estimated the connection between OBS quartiles and thyroid functions. The causal relationship between OBS components and thyroid function was analyzed by Mendelian randomization (MR). RESULTS We found a significant negative correlation between OBS and free thyroxine (FT4) and total thyroxine (TT4). Univariate and multivariate MR Analyses showed a causal relationship between BMI and FT4. Copper, smoking, and riboflavin showed a causal relationship with FT4 after moderation. CONCLUSION We found that a lifestyle high in antioxidant exposure reduced FT4 and TT4 levels in the population. We suggest that BMI, Copper, and Riboflavin are important factors in the regulation of FT4 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Song
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haonan Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences and Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Tongji Medical College of HUST, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ningyu He
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feifan Fu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Weichao Li
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Guosheng Duan
- Radiotherapy Department, Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital: Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Di Wu
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shuai Hao
- School of Basic Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- School of Management, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Feng Q, Xia W, Feng Z, Tan Y, Zhang Y, Liu D, Zhang G. The accelerated organ senescence and proteotoxicity in thyrotoxicosis mice. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2481-2498. [PMID: 37750538 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of aging has always been the focus of research, because aging is related to disease susceptibility and seriously affects people's quality of life. The diseases also accelerate the aging process, especially the pathological changes of substantive organs, such as cardiac hypertrophy, severely shortened lifespan. So, lesions in organs are both a consequence and a cause of aging. However, the disease in a given organ is not in isolation but is a systemic problem. Our previous study found that thyrotoxicosis mice model has aging characteristics including immunosenescence, lipotoxicity, malnutrition. But all these characteristics will lead to organ senescence, therefore, this study continued to study the aging changes of important organs such as heart, liver, and kidney in thyrotoxicosis mice using tandem mass tags (TMT) proteomics method. The results showed that the excess thyroxine led to cardiac hypertrophy. In the liver, the ability to synthesize functional proteins, detoxify, and metabolism were declined. The effect on the kidney was the decreased ability of detoxify and metabolism. The main finding of the present study was that the acceleration of organ senescence by excess thyroxine was due to proteotoxicity. The shared cause of proteotoxicity in the three organs included the intensify of oxidative phosphorylation, the redundancy production of ribosomes, and the lack of splicing and ubiquitin proteasome system function. Totally, proteotoxicity was another parallel between thyrotoxicosis and aging in addition to lipotoxicity. Our research provided a convenient and appropriate animal model for exploring aging mechanism and antiaging drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Wenkai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujun Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Yongxia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Deshan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Integration and Innovation of Classic Formula and Modern Chinese Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, Shandong, China
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Xing Y, Xuan F, Wang K, Zhang H. Aging under endocrine hormone regulation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1223529. [PMID: 37600699 PMCID: PMC10433899 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1223529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a biological process in which the environment interacts with the body to cause a progressive decline in effective physiological function. Aging in the human body can lead to a dysfunction of the vital organ systems, resulting in the onset of age-related diseases, such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, which can seriously affect an individual's quality of life. The endocrine system acts on specific targets through hormones and related major functional factors in its pathways, which play biological roles in coordinating cellular interactions, metabolism, growth, and aging. Aging is the result of a combination of many pathological, physiological, and psychological processes, among which the endocrine system can achieve a bidirectional effect on the aging process by regulating the hormone levels in the body. In this paper, we explored the mechanisms of growth hormone, thyroid hormone, and estrogen in the aging process to provide a reference for the exploration of endocrine mechanisms related to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Huifeng Zhang
- Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Biagetti B, Puig-Domingo M. Age-Related Hormones Changes and Its Impact on Health Status and Lifespan. Aging Dis 2023; 14:605-620. [PMID: 37191429 PMCID: PMC10187696 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in life expectancy is accompanied with an increased consultation of age-related pathologies including endocrine disorders. Two main areas are focusing the attention of medical and social research in older population: the diagnosis and care of this heterogeneous population, and the interventional measures potentially useful to mitigate age-related functional declines and to increase health and quality of lifespan. Thus, better understanding the physiopathology of aging and establishing accurate diagnostic and personalized approaches are a priority and currently an unmet need of the medical community. The endocrine system plays a major role in survival and lifespan through regulating vital processes such as energy consumption and optimizing the stress response among others. The aim of this paper is to review the physiological evolution of the main hormonal functions in aging and its clinical translation to improve our approach to the aging patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betina Biagetti
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Service, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital and Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Manel Puig-Domingo
- Endocrinology & Nutrition Service, Germans Trias Hospital and Research Institute, Badalona, Department of Medicine, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Badalona, Spain.
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Taylor PN, Lansdown A, Witczak J, Khan R, Rees A, Dayan CM, Okosieme O. Age-related variation in thyroid function - a narrative review highlighting important implications for research and clinical practice. Thyroid Res 2023; 16:7. [PMID: 37009883 PMCID: PMC10069079 DOI: 10.1186/s13044-023-00149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones are key determinants of health and well-being. Normal thyroid function is defined according to the standard 95% confidence interval of the disease-free population. Such standard laboratory reference intervals are widely applied in research and clinical practice, irrespective of age. However, thyroid hormones vary with age and current reference intervals may not be appropriate across all age groups. In this review, we summarize the recent literature on age-related variation in thyroid function and discuss important implications of such variation for research and clinical practice. MAIN TEXT There is now substantial evidence that normal thyroid status changes with age throughout the course of life. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations are higher at the extremes of life and show a U-shaped longitudinal trend in iodine sufficient Caucasian populations. Free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels fall with age and appear to play a role in pubertal development, during which it shows a strong relationship with fat mass. Furthermore, the aging process exerts differential effects on the health consequences of thyroid hormone variations. Older individuals with declining thyroid function appear to have survival advantages compared to individuals with normal or high-normal thyroid function. In contrast younger or middle-aged individuals with low-normal thyroid function suffer an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes while those with high-normal function have adverse bone outcomes including osteoporosis and fractures. CONCLUSION Thyroid hormone reference intervals have differential effects across age groups. Current reference ranges could potentially lead to inappropriate treatment in older individuals but on the other hand could result in missed opportunities for risk factor modification in the younger and middle-aged groups. Further studies are now needed to determine the validity of age-appropriate reference intervals and to understand the impact of thyroid hormone variations in younger individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter N Taylor
- Thyroid Research Group Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, C2 link corridor, UHW, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK.
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Andrew Lansdown
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Justyna Witczak
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rahim Khan
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - Aled Rees
- Thyroid Research Group Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, C2 link corridor, UHW, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff, UK
| | - Colin M Dayan
- Thyroid Research Group Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, C2 link corridor, UHW, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
| | - Onyebuchi Okosieme
- Thyroid Research Group Institute of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, C2 link corridor, UHW, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, UK
- Diabetes Department, Prince Charles Hospital, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr Tydfil, UK
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King L, Wang Q, Xia L, Wang P, Jiang G, Li W, Huang Y, Liang X, Peng X, Li Y, Chen L, Liu L. Environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate and thiocyanate, and thyroid function in Chinese adults: A community-based cross-sectional study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107713. [PMID: 36565572 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate, three thyroidal sodium iodine symporter (NIS) inhibitors, and thyroid function in the Chinese population remains limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate the associations of environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate with markers of thyroid function in Chinese adults. METHODS A total of 2441 non-pregnant adults (mean age 50.4 years and 39.1% male) with a median urinary iodine of 180.1 μg/L from four communities in Shenzhen were included in this cross-sectional study. Urinary perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate, and thyroid profiles, including serum free thyroxine (FT4), total thyroxine (TT4), free triiodothyronine (FT3), total triiodothyronine (TT3), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), were measured. Generalized linear model was applied to investigate the single-analyte associations. Weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models were used to examine the association between the co-occurrence of three anions and thyroid profile. RESULTS The median levels of urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate were 5.8 μg/g, 76.4 mg/g, and 274.1 μg/g, respectively. After adjusting for confounders, higher urinary perchlorate was associated with lower serum FT4, TT4, and TT3, and higher serum FT3 and TSH (all P < 0.05). Comparing extreme tertiles, subjects in the highest nitrate tertile had marginally elevated TT3 (β: 0.02, 95% CI: 0.00-0.04). Each 1-unit increase in log-transformed urinary thiocyanate was associated with a 0.04 (95% CI: 0.02-0.06) pmol/L decrease in serum FT3. The WQS indices were inversely associated with serum FT4, TT4, and FT3 (all P < 0.05). In the BKMR model, the mixture of three anions was inversely associated with serum FT4, TT4, and FT3. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides evidence that individual and combined environmental exposure to perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are associated with significant changes in thyroid function markers in the Chinese population with adequate iodine intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei King
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Xia
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanhua Jiang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanyi Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoling Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaolin Peng
- Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yonggang Li
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangkai Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Liegang Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Ibad HA, Mammen JS, Simonsick EM, Kwoh CK, Guermazi A, Demehri S. Higher thyroid hormone has a negative association with lower limb lean body mass in euthyroid older adults: Analysis from the Baltimore Longitudinal study of aging. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1150645. [PMID: 37114095 PMCID: PMC10126399 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1150645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Hyperthyroidism is associated with lower lean body mass, as a result of catabolic actions of thyroid hormone. Therefore, higher thyroid hormone levels could be a factor in the development of sarcopenia and age associated functional decline. The relationship between thyroid hormone and muscle mass in ambulatory, euthyroid older adults is not known. Method: We used mixed-effects models to estimate the cross-sectional relationships (accounting for inter-person variability) between thyroid axis hormone measures and lower limb composition or sarcopenia at visits in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) at which DEXA scans were available and both thyrotropin (TSH) and free thyroxine (FT4) were in the reference range. Analyses were adjusted for levothyroxine use, age, race, sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol intake, cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure. Results: 1442 euthyroid participants (median age 68, 50% female, and 69% white) contributed to 5306 visits from 2003 to 2019. FT4 was negatively associated with lower limb lean mass (beta: 88.49; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 122.78, -54.20; p < 0.001) and positively associated with sarcopenia (OR: 1.11%, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.22) in the whole cohort. Additionally, higher FT4 was associated with lower leg lean mass (beta: 66.79; 95% CI: 102.24, -31.33; p < 0.001) and sarcopenia (OR:1.09%, 95% CI:1.01, 1.18) in older adults, but not in younger adults alone. Conclusion: In euthyroid older adults, higher FT4 is associated with lower leg lean mass and higher odds of sarcopenia. Understanding the relationship between thyroid hormone and sarcopenia is needed to improve clinical decision-making and avoid functional decline from excess thyroid hormone use in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Ahmed Ibad
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jennifer S. Mammen
- The Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Jennifer S. Mammen,
| | | | - C. Kent Kwoh
- Division of Rheumatology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ali Guermazi
- Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shadpour Demehri
- The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Abbey EJ, McGready J, Sokoll LJ, Simonsick EM, Mammen JSR. Free Thyroxine Distinguishes Subclinical Hypothyroidism From Other Aging-Related Changes in Those With Isolated Elevated Thyrotropin. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:858332. [PMID: 35311240 PMCID: PMC8931280 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.858332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although a finding of isolated elevated thyrotropin (TSH) often leads to treatment with thyroid hormone, it is not specific to a diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism, particularly in older adults. We have previously used longitudinal assessment of TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) to distinguish primary and secondary changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis, an approach which is impractical for clinical diagnosis. OBJECTIVE Identify contemporaneous clinical tests and criteria that predict the longitudinally-derived HPT axis phenotype in those with isolated elevated TSH. METHODS Using data from Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, participants with over three years of follow up not on thyroid hormone replacement, with a TSH above the reference range and an in-range FT4 at the current visit, and at least 1% per year increase in TSH (mean 6.9% annual increase; n=72), we examined correlations between various clinical factors and the change in FT4 across the phenotypic range from emerging hypothyroidism, with falling FT4, to adaptive stress-response, with rising FT4. RESULTS Current FT4 level, but not TSH, Free T3, anti-TPO antibody status, age or sex, was significantly associated with phenotype, determined by the annual rate of change in FT4 in those with elevated and rising TSH, both as a continuous variable (β=0.07 per ng/dL increase in FT4; p<0.001) and in quartiles (p<0.001). We estimated a threshold for FT4 of less than 0.89 ng/dL (11.45 pmol/L; the 24th percentile of the reference range), as predictive of a phenotype in the first quartile, consistent with subclinical hypothyroidism, while a FT3:FT4 ratio below 2.77 predicted a phenotype in the fourth quartile, more consistent with adaptive stress-response. CONCLUSIONS In those with isolated elevated TSH, a FT4 in the lowest quartile of the reference range differentiates those with developing hypothyroidism from other HPT-axis aging changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoch J. Abbey
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Enoch J. Abbey,
| | - John McGready
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Lori J. Sokoll
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Eleanor M. Simonsick
- National Institute of Aging, National Institute of Health (NIH), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jennifer S. R. Mammen
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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10
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Correia ASDS, Nascimento MLF, Teixeira LBBDM, E Silva SO, Vaisman M, Teixeira PFS. Free thyroxine but not TSH levels are associated with decline in functional status in a cohort of geriatric outpatients. Eur Geriatr Med 2021; 13:147-154. [PMID: 34817842 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-021-00589-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the associations between TSH and free thyroxine (FT4) levels and decline in functional status in euthyroid older patients at risk of frailty. DESIGN Longitudinal prospective study. METHODS Participants from the geriatric outpatient clinic of a university hospital, who fulfilled the criteria for frailty or were at risk of frailty, were recruited. Only those euthyroid, defined by age-specific reference range of TSH, were included. Serum was collected during enrollment and at the third and sixth years of follow-up to assess the mean value of all follow-up levels of serum TSH and FT4. Functional status assessing activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL were evaluated using the Katz Index and the Health Assessment Questionnaire, respectively. Functional decline was defined by a positive variation in any of the applied scales in the absence of disagreement between the scales or if the patient was institutionalized. RESULTS Of the 273 participants (72.5% females) enrolled (mean age 80 years old), 48 died and 102 presented functional decline at the end of follow-up (mean 3.6 ± 1.7 years). Each 0.1 ng/dL increase in baseline and mean follow-up serum FT4 levels increased the risk of functional decline by 14.1% and 7.7%, respectively. The risk of functional decline was 9 times greater with baseline FT4 levels in the fourth and fifth quintiles (p = 0.049) and 50% lower with baseline FT4 levels in the first quintile (p = 0.046). No association between TSH and the outcome was found. CONCLUSIONS Higher and lower FT4 levels were, respectively, a risk and a protective factor for the decline in functional status in a cohort of euthyroid older adults at risk of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline S da S Correia
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco K, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
| | - Michele L F Nascimento
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco K, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,Hospital Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Letícia B B de M Teixeira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco K, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Silvana O E Silva
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco K, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Mário Vaisman
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco K, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Patricia F S Teixeira
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373. Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco K, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
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11
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Du Puy RS, Poortvliet RKE, Mooijaart SP, den Elzen WPJ, Jagger C, Pearce SHS, Arai Y, Hirose N, Teh R, Menzies O, Rolleston A, Kerse N, Gussekloo J. Outcomes of Thyroid Dysfunction in People Aged Eighty Years and Older: An Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis of Four Prospective Studies (Towards Understanding Longitudinal International Older People Studies Consortium). Thyroid 2021; 31:552-562. [PMID: 33012278 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2020.0567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Subclinical and overt thyroid dysfunction is easily detectable, often modifiable, and, in younger age groups, has been associated with clinically relevant outcomes. Robust associations in very old persons, however, are currently lacking. This study aimed to investigate the associations between (sub-)clinical thyroid dysfunction and disability in daily living, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, physical function, and mortality in people aged 80 years and older. Methods: Four prospective cohorts participating in the Towards Understanding Longitudinal International older People Studies (TULIPS) consortium were included. We performed a two-step individual participant data meta-analysis on source data from community-dwelling participants aged 80 years and older from the Netherlands, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and Japan. Outcome measures included disability in daily living (disability in activities of daily living [ADL] questionnaires), cognitive function (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE]), depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS]), physical function (grip strength) at baseline and after 5 years of follow-up, and all-cause five-year mortality. Results: Of the total 2116 participants at baseline (mean age 87 years, range 80-109 years), 105 participants (5.0%) were overtly hypothyroid, 136 (6.4%) subclinically hypothyroid, 1811 (85.6%) euthyroid, 60 (2.8%) subclinically hyperthyroid, and 4 (0.2%) overtly hyperthyroid. Participants with thyroid dysfunction at baseline had nonsignificantly different ADL scores compared with euthyroid participants at baseline and had similar MMSE scores, GDS scores, and grip strength. There was no difference in the change of any of these functional measures in participants with thyroid dysfunction during five years of follow-up. Compared with the euthyroid participants, no 5-year survival differences were identified in participants with overt hypothyroidism (hazard ratio [HR] 1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI 0.6-1.6]), subclinical hypothyroidism (HR 0.9 [CI 0.7-1.2]), subclinical hyperthyroidism (HR 1.1 [CI 0.8-1.7]), and overt hyperthyroidism (HR 1.5 [CI 0.4-5.9]). Results did not differ after excluding participants using thyroid-influencing medication. Conclusions: In community-dwelling people aged 80 years and older, (sub-)clinical thyroid dysfunction was not associated with functional outcomes or mortality and may therefore be of limited clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Du Puy
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rosalinde K E Poortvliet
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Simon P Mooijaart
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Wendy P J den Elzen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carol Jagger
- Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Simon H S Pearce
- Institute of Translational and Clinical Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
- Endocrine Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Yasumichi Arai
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Hirose
- Center for Supercentenarian Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ruth Teh
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Oliver Menzies
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Anna Rolleston
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ngaire Kerse
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jacobijn Gussekloo
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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12
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Schrack JA, Simonsick EM, Glynn NW. Fatigability: A Prognostic Indicator of Phenotypic Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 75:e63-e66. [PMID: 32936913 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Schrack
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.,Center on Aging and Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Eleanor M Simonsick
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Nancy W Glynn
- Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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13
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Gauthier BR, Sola‐García A, Cáliz‐Molina MÁ, Lorenzo PI, Cobo‐Vuilleumier N, Capilla‐González V, Martin‐Montalvo A. Thyroid hormones in diabetes, cancer, and aging. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13260. [PMID: 33048427 PMCID: PMC7681062 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid function is central in the control of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Studies in animal models and human research have determined that thyroid hormones modulate cellular processes relevant for aging and for the majority of age‐related diseases. While several studies have associated mild reductions on thyroid hormone function with exceptional longevity in animals and humans, alterations in thyroid hormones are serious medical conditions associated with unhealthy aging and premature death. Moreover, both hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism have been associated with the development of certain types of diabetes and cancers, indicating a great complexity of the molecular mechanisms controlled by thyroid hormones. In this review, we describe the latest findings in thyroid hormone research in the field of aging, diabetes, and cancer, with a special focus on hepatocellular carcinomas. While aging studies indicate that the direct modulation of thyroid hormones is not a viable strategy to promote healthy aging or longevity and the development of thyromimetics is challenging due to inefficacy and potential toxicity, we argue that interventions based on the use of modulators of thyroid hormone function might provide therapeutic benefit in certain types of diabetes and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit R. Gauthier
- Department of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine‐CABIMER Junta de Andalucía‐University of Pablo de Olavide‐University of Seville‐CSIC Seville Spain
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases‐CIBERDEM Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Alejandro Sola‐García
- Department of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine‐CABIMER Junta de Andalucía‐University of Pablo de Olavide‐University of Seville‐CSIC Seville Spain
| | - María Ángeles Cáliz‐Molina
- Department of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine‐CABIMER Junta de Andalucía‐University of Pablo de Olavide‐University of Seville‐CSIC Seville Spain
| | - Petra Isabel Lorenzo
- Department of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine‐CABIMER Junta de Andalucía‐University of Pablo de Olavide‐University of Seville‐CSIC Seville Spain
| | - Nadia Cobo‐Vuilleumier
- Department of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine‐CABIMER Junta de Andalucía‐University of Pablo de Olavide‐University of Seville‐CSIC Seville Spain
| | - Vivian Capilla‐González
- Department of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine‐CABIMER Junta de Andalucía‐University of Pablo de Olavide‐University of Seville‐CSIC Seville Spain
| | - Alejandro Martin‐Montalvo
- Department of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine‐CABIMER Junta de Andalucía‐University of Pablo de Olavide‐University of Seville‐CSIC Seville Spain
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14
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Carvalho DV, Santos RMS, Magalhães HCD, Souza MSD, Christo PP, Almeida-Leite CMD, Scalzo PL. Can fatigue predict walking capacity of patients with Parkinson's disease? ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2020; 78:70-75. [PMID: 32159720 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20190136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although fatigue is an expressive symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), few studies have investigated the association between fatigue, mobility and walking capacity of these patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether fatigue is an independent factor associated with mobility and the walking capacity in patients with PD. METHODS Forty-eight patients with PD (22 with fatigue) were tested for mobility and their walking capacity: Timed Up and Go (TUG), 10-Meter Walk Test (10MWT) at usual and fastest speed, and 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Fatigue was measured with Parkinson's Fatigue Scale (PFS-16). Linear regression analysis was used to investigate if fatigue is an independent factor contributing to variance in mobility and walking capacity. RESULTS There was a positive correlation between PFS-16 and TUG (rs=0.385; p=0.007). There was a negative correlation between PFS-16 and 10MWT at comfortable (r=-0.385; p=0.007) and fast speeds (r=-0.396; p=0.005), and 6MWT (r=-0.472; p=0.001). Linear regression analysis revealed that fatigue did not explain the variance of TUG and 10MWT. PFS-16, age and section III of UPDRS explained 49.6% (adjusted R2; p<0.001) variance in the 6MWT, and fatigue was the most significant predictor (F=-32.1; p=0.022). CONCLUSIONS Fatigue is an independent factor contributing to the distance covered during 6MWT in patients with PD. Our results highlight the importance of recognition and management of this symptom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi Vilela Carvalho
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Neurociências, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Maria Silva Santos
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo Pereira Christo
- Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Centro de Especialidades Médicas, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
| | | | - Paula Luciana Scalzo
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Morfologia, Belo Horizonte MG, Brazil
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15
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López-Noriega L, Capilla-González V, Cobo-Vuilleumier N, Martin-Vazquez E, Lorenzo PI, Martinez-Force E, Soriano-Navarro M, García-Fernández M, Romero-Zerbo SY, Bermúdez-Silva FJ, Díaz-Contreras I, Sánchez-Cuesta A, Santos-Ocaña C, Hmadcha A, Soria B, Martín F, Gauthier BR, Martin-Montalvo A. Inadequate control of thyroid hormones sensitizes to hepatocarcinogenesis and unhealthy aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:7746-7779. [PMID: 31518338 PMCID: PMC6781991 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
An inverse correlation between thyroid hormone levels and longevity has been reported in several species and reduced thyroid hormone levels have been proposed as a biomarker for healthy aging and metabolic fitness. However, hypothyroidism is a medical condition associated with compromised health and reduced life expectancy. Herein, we show, using wild-type and the Pax8 ablated model of hypothyroidism in mice, that hyperthyroidism and severe hypothyroidism are associated with an overall unhealthy status and shorter lifespan. Mild hypothyroid Pax8 +/- mice were heavier and displayed insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and increased prevalence of liver cancer yet had normal lifespan. These pathophysiological conditions were precipitated by hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage accumulation. These findings indicate that individuals carrying mutations on PAX8 may be susceptible to develop liver cancer and/or diabetes and raise concerns regarding the development of interventions aiming to modulate thyroid hormones to promote healthy aging or lifespan in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia López-Noriega
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Vivian Capilla-González
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Nadia Cobo-Vuilleumier
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Eugenia Martin-Vazquez
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | - Petra Isabel Lorenzo
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - María García-Fernández
- Department of Human Physiology, Málaga University, Biomedical Research Institute of Málaga (IBIMA), Málaga, Spain
| | - Silvana Yanina Romero-Zerbo
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Bermúdez-Silva
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, UGC Endocrinología y Nutrición. Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Díaz-Contreras
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Sánchez-Cuesta
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Carlos Santos-Ocaña
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide and CIBERER, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Abdelkrim Hmadcha
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernat Soria
- Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Deptartment of Physiology, University Miguel Hernández School of Medicine Sant Joan d'Alacant, Alicante, Spain
| | - Franz Martín
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Benoit Raymond Gauthier
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain.,Biomedical Research Network on Diabetes and Related Metabolic Diseases-CIBERDEM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Martin-Montalvo
- Department of Regeneration and Cell Therapy, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine-CABIMER, Junta de Andalucia-University of Pablo de Olavide-University of Seville-CSIC, Seville, Spain
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16
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Spira D, Buchmann N, Demuth I, Steinhagen-Thiessen E, Völzke H, Ittermann T. Association of Thyroid Function with Handgrip Strength: Data from the Study of Health in Pomerania and the Berlin Aging Study II. Thyroid 2019; 29:1220-1226. [PMID: 31426720 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2018.0646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Untreated overt hypo- and hyperthyroidism can lead to detrimental effects on muscle tissue and physical performance, but it is still unclear whether subclinical hypo- or hyperthyroidism has clinically relevant effects on muscle function and physical performance. The objective of this study was to determine associations of thyrotropin (TSH) with grip strength and physical performance. Methods: A sample of 6196 participants from the Study of Health in Pomerania and the Berlin Aging Study II was included in this cross-sectional analysis. Handgrip strength was measured with a hand-held dynamometer and physical performance was assessed with the timed up and go (TUG) test. Results: Serum TSH levels were significantly inversely associated with handgrip strength (β -0.11; [95% confidence interval, CI, -0.18 to -0.03]; p < 0.05) in multivariable linear regression. Individuals with high (β -1.06; [95% CI -1.86 to -0.26]; p < 0.05) or low (β -0.99; [95% CI -1.70 to -0.28]; p < 0.05) serum TSH levels had a significantly lower handgrip strength than individuals with serum TSH levels within the reference range. There was no association between TSH and the TUG time. Age showed a significant influence on the association of TSH with grip strength and TUG time. Conclusions: Even mild disturbances of thyroid function might lead to a relevant decline in grip strength, particularly in young and middle-aged subjects. Mild subclinical hypothyroidism might not be that unfavorable with regard to physical function in terms of handgrip strength at older age. Further studies are needed to clarify causal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Spira
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Buchmann
- Department of Cardiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- BCRT-Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Working Group on Geriatrics, University Medicine Greifswald and Kreiskrankenhaus Wolgast, Wolgast, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Till Ittermann
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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17
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Emerenziani GP, Izzo G, Vaccaro MG, Quattrone A, Lenzi A, Aversa A. Gender difference and correlation between sexuality, thyroid hormones, cognitive, and physical functions in elderly fit. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:699-707. [PMID: 30406377 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0974-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sexuality in the elderly is related to psycho-physical well-being. Aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between sexual health, thyroid hormones, cognitive functions, and physical fitness in elderly population. METHODS Fifty-one fit adults were recruited (age: 71.9 ± 5.3 years, 26 females and 25 males). Sexuality was evaluated using the Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire-short form (CSFQ-14) and the Sexual Attitude Scale (SAS). Thyroid function was assessed by measuring serum TSH, FT3, and FT4. Cognitive functions and depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) test and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scores. Subjects' physical fitness was evaluated using the following tests: Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), Handgrip test (HG), Timed Up and Go test (TUG), and 2-Minute step test (ST). RESULTS CSFQ-14 positively correlated with MMSE (p < 0.05) and negatively with GDS (p < 0.05), while thyroid function was not correlated with sexuality, in both genders. A negative relationship between FT4 vs. weight, FT3 vs. HG and FT3/FT4 ratio vs. ST were found (p = 0.05) in females, while in males, it occurred for TSH vs. TUG (p < 0.05); a positive relationship existed in females between FT4 vs. ST (p < 0.05). Finally, CSFQ-14 was significantly correlated with SPPB (p < 0.05), CST, TUG, and ST (p < 0.01), in both genders. CONCLUSION We demonstrated a strict relationship between active sexuality, preserved cognitive function and appropriate physical fitness in elderly subjects, independently from gender. Our preliminary data suggest that in elderly fit population, peripheral thyroxin deiodination may be a useful predictor of better physical performance and more successful aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Emerenziani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - G Izzo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - M G Vaccaro
- Institute of Neurology Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, "Magna Græcia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
- Neuroscience Centre, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - A Quattrone
- Neuroscience Centre, "Magna Graecia" University, Catanzaro, Italy
- Neuroimaging Research Unit, Institute of Molecolar Bioimaging and Physiology, National Reserch Council, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University, Rome, Italy
| | - A Aversa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, "Magna Græcia" University, Catanzaro, Italy.
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18
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Abstract
Thyroid function is most often monitored clinically through measurement of the regulatory hormone, thyrotropin (TSH). Subclinical hypothyroidism is generally defined as a TSH level above the reference range while thyroid hormone levels remain within the reference range. Elevated TSH is more common among older adults, leading to high rates of treatment, and over-treatment, in this population. However, the use of levothyroxine in older adults with mild TSH elevations has begun to be called into question by observations that demonstrate a lack of harm from not treating and a lack of benefit from treating. Importantly, these findings suggest that the existing diagnostic algorithm for subclinical hypothyroidism, based on isolated TSH elevation, may be inappropriate for older adults. Age-specific reference ranges have been suggested as a way to avoid inappropriate treatment, but that strategy continues to rely on population norms rather than disease definitions to drive clinical decisions. Recent insight into age-related variability in the underlying pathophysiology that impacts on thyroid function tests demonstrates the need for new clinical tools to allow the targeted use of therapy where it will have benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Mammen
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
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19
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Boolani A, O’Connor PJ, Reid J, Ma S, Mondal S. Predictors of feelings of energy differ from predictors of fatigue. FATIGUE-BIOMEDICINE HEALTH AND BEHAVIOR 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/21641846.2018.1558733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Boolani
- Department of Physical Therapy, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | | | - Jeri Reid
- Department of Physician Assistant, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Sai Ma
- Department of Mathematics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
| | - Sumona Mondal
- Department of Mathematics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, USA
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20
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Chaker L, Cappola AR, Mooijaart SP, Peeters RP. Clinical aspects of thyroid function during ageing. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018; 6:733-742. [PMID: 30017801 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(18)30028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Globally, populations are ageing at a rapid rate. The increase in the number of older citizens is accompanied by an increased prevalence of thyroid dysfunction, one of the most common disorders in older people. However, the diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction in older people is hindered by several factors, including the scarcity of thyroid dysfunction symptoms in older people. We describe the physiological changes in thyroid function that occur with increasing age, focusing on literature regarding changes in thyroid function test results in older populations. We also discuss treatment considerations for clinical and subclinical thyroid dysfunction according to international guidelines for older people. Finally, we discuss the relationship between variations in thyroid function and common diseases of old age including cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, cognitive impairment, and frailty and suggest directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layal Chaker
- Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Anne R Cappola
- University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Simon P Mooijaart
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands; Institute for Evidence-based Medicine in Old Age, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
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21
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Ostan R, Monti D, Mari D, Arosio B, Gentilini D, Ferri E, Passarino G, De Rango F, D’Aquila P, Mariotti S, Pasquali R, Fanelli F, Bucci L, Franceschi C, Vitale G. Heterogeneity of Thyroid Function and Impact of Peripheral Thyroxine Deiodination in Centenarians and Semi-Supercentenarians: Association With Functional Status and Mortality. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 74:802-810. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Ostan
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Italy
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Monti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Daniela Mari
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione Ca’ Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatrice Arosio
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione Ca’ Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Gentilini
- Unit of Bioinformatics and Statistical Genetics, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Italy
| | - Evelyn Ferri
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Italy
- Geriatric Unit, Fondazione Ca’ Granda, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passarino
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (CZ), Italy
| | - Francesco De Rango
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (CZ), Italy
| | - Patrizia D’Aquila
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Rende (CZ), Italy
| | - Stefano Mariotti
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato-Cagliari, Italy
| | - Renato Pasquali
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Flaminia Fanelli
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Bucci
- Interdepartmental Centre “L. Galvani” (CIG), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudio Franceschi
- IRCCS, Institute of Neurological Sciences of Bologna, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vitale
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health (DISCCO), University of Milan, Italy
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Laboratorio Sperimentale di Ricerche di Neuroendocrinologia Geriatrica ed Oncologica, Milano, 20100, Italy
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22
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van den Beld AW, Kaufman JM, Zillikens MC, Lamberts SWJ, Egan JM, van der Lely AJ. The physiology of endocrine systems with ageing. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018; 6:647-658. [PMID: 30017799 PMCID: PMC6089223 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(18)30026-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During ageing, the secretory patterns of the hormones produced by the hypothalamic-pituitary axis change, as does the sensitivity of the axis to negative feedback by end hormones. Additionally, glucose homoeostasis tends towards disequilibrium with increasing age. Along with these endocrine alterations, a loss of bone and muscle mass and strength occurs, coupled with an increase in fat mass. In addition, ageing-induced effects are difficult to disentangle from the influence of other factors that are common in older people, such as chronic diseases, inflammation, and low nutritional status, all of which can also affect endocrine systems. Traditionally, the decrease in hormone activity during the ageing process has been considered to be detrimental because of the related decline in bodily functions. The concept of hormone replacement therapy was suggested as a therapeutic intervention to stop or reverse this decline. However, clearly some of these changes are a beneficial adaptation to ageing, whereas hormonal intervention often causes important adverse effects. In this paper, we discuss the effects of age on the different hypothalamic-pituitary-hormonal organ axes, as well as age-related changes in calcium and bone metabolism and glucose homoeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annewieke W van den Beld
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Groene Hart Hospital, Gouda, Netherlands.
| | - Jean-Marc Kaufman
- Unit for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M Carola Zillikens
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Steven W J Lamberts
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Josephine M Egan
- Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Aart J van der Lely
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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23
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Kim I, Hacker E, Ferrans CE, Horswill C, Park C, Kapella M. Evaluation of fatigability measurement: Integrative review. Geriatr Nurs 2017; 39:39-47. [PMID: 28666548 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Fatigability is defined as the extent of fatigue in the context of activity and differs from the term used in exercise literature to describe muscle endurance characteristics. Many fatigability measures are available, but no studies have thoroughly evaluated them for adequate incorporation of fatigability concepts. This integrative review provides an overall assessment of existing fatigability measures and then evaluates each in depth. A database search and hand search produced 14 studies for review. Fatigability measurement took three forms: self-reported fatigability, perceived fatigability (self-reported fatigue following a defined performance test), and performance fatigability (performance deterioration). Of 17 measures identified, validity and/or reliability was reported for six (35.3%), and no measure was used in more than one study. Fatigability measures have been correlated with clinical measures, indicating that fatigability should be measured during routine clinical health screening. Refinement of measures and additional fatigability data collection will improve understanding and treatment of fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inah Kim
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA.
| | | | | | - Craig Horswill
- Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Chang Park
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
| | - Mary Kapella
- College of Nursing, University of Illinois at Chicago, USA
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24
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Hall KS, Cohen HJ, Pieper CF, Fillenbaum GG, Kraus WE, Huffman KM, Cornish MA, Shiloh A, Flynn C, Sloane R, Newby LK, Morey MC. Physical Performance Across the Adult Life Span: Correlates With Age and Physical Activity. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:572-578. [PMID: 27356977 PMCID: PMC6075535 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A number of large-scale population studies have provided valuable information about physical performance in aged individuals; however, there is little information about trajectories of function and associations with age across the adult life span. We developed a mobility-focused physical performance screener designed to be appropriate for the adult life span. METHODS The physical performance battery includes measures of mobility, strength, endurance, and balance. Physical activity (PA) was assessed with accelerometry. We examined age-related trends in physical performance and PA, and the relationship between physical performance and PA across the age range (30-90+), by decade, in 775 participants enrolled in the study 2012-2014. RESULTS Physical performance was worse with increasing age decade. Although men performed better than women across all ages, the decrement by age group was similar between genders. Worsening physical performance was observed as early as the fifth decade for chair stands and balance and in the sixth decade for gait speed and aerobic endurance. The number and strength of significant associations between physical performance and PA increased with greater age: the greatest number of significant associations was seen in the 60-79 age groups, with fewer reported in the 30-59 and 80-90+ age groups. More PA was associated with better physical function. CONCLUSION These results emphasize the importance of a life span approach to studies of function and aging. This work points to the need for a physical performance screener that spans across adulthood as a clinical tool for identifying functional decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S Hall
- Duke Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
- Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, and
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Harvey J Cohen
- Duke Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
- Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, and
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Carl F Pieper
- Duke Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
- Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, and
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and
| | - Gerda G Fillenbaum
- Duke Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
- Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, and
| | - William E Kraus
- Duke Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
- Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, and
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kim M Huffman
- Duke Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
- Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, and
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Melissa A Cornish
- Duke Translational Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrew Shiloh
- Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, and
| | - Christy Flynn
- Duke Translational Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Richard Sloane
- Duke Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
- Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, and
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics and
| | - L Kristin Newby
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Duke Translational Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Miriam C Morey
- Duke Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center
- Duke Center for the Study of Aging and Human Development, and
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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25
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Akirov A, Gimbel H, Grossman A, Shochat T, Shimon I. Elevated TSH in adults treated for hypothyroidism is associated with increased mortality. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176:57-66. [PMID: 27760792 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Numerous studies investigated the link between hypothyroidism and mortality, but a definite conclusion is hard to reach as these were limited by a number of factors, including age of participants, comorbidities and single measurement of thyroid function. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between TSH and fT4 levels and mortality in patients with levothyroxine-treated hypothyroidism. DESIGN AND SETTING Observational data of hospitalized patients (2011-2014). TSH and fT4 levels obtained between at least 30 days after discharge and until death or end of follow-up were collected. Median TSH and fT4 levels were stratified into categories. PATIENTS In total, 611 patients with treated hypothyroidism, aged 60-80 years (72% females, mean age 71 ± 6 years) were included in the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE All-cause mortality up to 66 months after discharge, by TSH and fT4 categories. RESULTS During follow-up, the average numbers of TSH and fT4 measurements were 5.5 ± 3.8 and 2.5 ± 4.2 per patient respectively. Mortality rates were 28%, 29% and 54% with median TSH of 0.5-2.5, 2.5-5.0 and 5.0-10.0 IU/L respectively. Adjusted hazard ratios for mortality with median TSH between 5.0 and 10.0 IU/L were 2.3 (95% CI: 1.6-3.4) and 2.2 (95% CI: 1.6-3.2) compared with patients with TSH between 0.5-2.5 IU/L and 2.5-5 IU/L respectively. There was no difference in mortality between patients with median fT4 10-15 or 15-20 pmol/L. CONCLUSION In treated hypothyroid adult patients and serial measurements of thyroid function tests, median TSH levels of 5-10 IU/L are associated with increased mortality with no effect of fT4 levels. Treatment should aim at achieving euthyroidism to improve survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Akirov
- Institute of EndocrinologyRabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hannah Gimbel
- Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Alon Grossman
- Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Internal Medicine E
| | - Tzipora Shochat
- Statistical Consulting UnitRabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Ilan Shimon
- Institute of EndocrinologyRabin Medical Center-Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Sackler School of MedicineTel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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26
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Bano A, Chaker L, Darweesh SKL, Korevaar TIM, Mattace-Raso FUS, Dehghan A, Franco OH, van der Geest JN, Ikram MA, Peeters RP. Gait patterns associated with thyroid function: The Rotterdam Study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:38912. [PMID: 27966590 PMCID: PMC5155238 DOI: 10.1038/srep38912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Gait is an important health indicator and poor gait is strongly associated with disability and risk of falls. Thyroid dysfunction is suggested as a potential determinant of gait deterioration, but this has not been explored in a population-based study. We therefore investigated the association of thyroid function with gait patterns in 2645 participants from the Rotterdam Study with data available on TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), FT4 (free thyroxine) and gait, without known thyroid disease or dementia. The primary outcome was Global gait (standardized Z-score), while secondary outcomes included gait domains (Rhythm, Variability, Phases, Pace, Base of support, Tandem, Turning) and velocity. Gait was assessed by electronic walkway. Multivariable regression models revealed an inverted U-shaped association of TSH (p < 0.001), but no association of FT4 concentrations with Global gait (p = 0.2). TSH levels were positively associated with Base of support (p = 0.01) and followed an inverted U-shaped curve with Tandem (p = 0.002) and velocity (p = 0.02). Clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism were associated with worse Global gait than euthyroidism (β = -0.61; CI = -1.03, -0.18; p = 0.004 and β = -0.13; CI = -0.26, -0.00; p = 0.04, respectively). In euthyroid participants, higher thyroid function was associated with worse gait patterns. In conclusion, both low and high thyroid function are associated with alterations in Global gait, Tandem, Base of support and velocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjola Bano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Layal Chaker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sirwan K L Darweesh
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tim I M Korevaar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesco U S Mattace-Raso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Section of Geriatric Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jos N van der Geest
- Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Radiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robin P Peeters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Rotterdam Thyroid Center, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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27
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Pearce SHS, Razvi S, Yadegarfar ME, Martin-Ruiz C, Kingston A, Collerton J, Visser TJ, Kirkwood TB, Jagger C. Serum Thyroid Function, Mortality and Disability in Advanced Old Age: The Newcastle 85+ Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:4385-4394. [PMID: 27552542 PMCID: PMC5095241 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-1935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Perturbations in thyroid function are common in older individuals but their significance in the very old is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE This study sought to determine whether thyroid hormone status and variation of thyroid hormones within the reference range correlated with mortality and disability in a cohort of 85-year-olds. DESIGN A cohort of 85-year-old individuals were assessed in their own homes (community or institutional care) for health status and thyroid function, and followed for mortality and disability for up to 9 years. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Six hundred and forty-three 85-year-olds registered with participating general practices in Newcastle and North Tyneside, United Kingdom. MAIN OUTCOMES All-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and disability according to thyroid disease status and baseline thyroid hormone parameters (serum TSH, FT4, FT3, and rT3). Models were adjusted for age, sex, education, body mass index, smoking, and disease count. RESULTS After adjustment for age and sex, all-cause mortality was associated with baseline serum rT3 and FT3 (both P < .001), but not FT4 or TSH. After additional adjustment for potential confounders, only rT3 remained significantly associated with mortality (P = .001). Baseline serum TSH and rT3 predicted future disability trajectories in men and women, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study is reassuring that individuals age 85 y with both subclinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism do not have a significantly worse survival over 9 years than their euthyroid peers. However, thyroid function tests did predict disability, with higher serum TSH levels predicting better outcomes. These data strengthen the argument for routine use of age-specific thyroid function reference ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon H S Pearce
- Institute of Genetic Medicine (S.H.S.P., S.R.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society (M.E.Y., C.M.-R., A.K., J.C., T.B.K., C.J.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom; and Department of Internal Medicine (T.J.V.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Salman Razvi
- Institute of Genetic Medicine (S.H.S.P., S.R.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society (M.E.Y., C.M.-R., A.K., J.C., T.B.K., C.J.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom; and Department of Internal Medicine (T.J.V.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mohammad E Yadegarfar
- Institute of Genetic Medicine (S.H.S.P., S.R.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society (M.E.Y., C.M.-R., A.K., J.C., T.B.K., C.J.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom; and Department of Internal Medicine (T.J.V.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carmen Martin-Ruiz
- Institute of Genetic Medicine (S.H.S.P., S.R.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society (M.E.Y., C.M.-R., A.K., J.C., T.B.K., C.J.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom; and Department of Internal Medicine (T.J.V.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Kingston
- Institute of Genetic Medicine (S.H.S.P., S.R.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society (M.E.Y., C.M.-R., A.K., J.C., T.B.K., C.J.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom; and Department of Internal Medicine (T.J.V.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joanna Collerton
- Institute of Genetic Medicine (S.H.S.P., S.R.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society (M.E.Y., C.M.-R., A.K., J.C., T.B.K., C.J.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom; and Department of Internal Medicine (T.J.V.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo J Visser
- Institute of Genetic Medicine (S.H.S.P., S.R.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society (M.E.Y., C.M.-R., A.K., J.C., T.B.K., C.J.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom; and Department of Internal Medicine (T.J.V.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tom B Kirkwood
- Institute of Genetic Medicine (S.H.S.P., S.R.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society (M.E.Y., C.M.-R., A.K., J.C., T.B.K., C.J.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom; and Department of Internal Medicine (T.J.V.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carol Jagger
- Institute of Genetic Medicine (S.H.S.P., S.R.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom; Institute of Health and Society (M.E.Y., C.M.-R., A.K., J.C., T.B.K., C.J.), Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4AX, United Kingdom; and Department of Internal Medicine (T.J.V.), Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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28
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Yeap BB, Manning L, Chubb SAP, Hankey GJ, Golledge J, Almeida OP, Flicker L. Reference Ranges for Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone and Free Thyroxine in Older Men: Results From the Health In Men Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2016; 72:444-449. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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