1
|
Chen TY, Lin SP, Huang DF, Huang HS, Tsai FC, Lee LJ, Lin HY, Huang HP. Mature neurons from iPSCs unveil neurodegeneration-related pathways in mucopolysaccharidosis type II: GSK-3β inhibition for therapeutic potential. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:302. [PMID: 38684682 PMCID: PMC11058230 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06692-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) type II is caused by a deficiency of iduronate-2-sulfatase and is characterized by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Without effective therapy, the severe form of MPS II causes progressive neurodegeneration and death. This study generated multiple clones of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and their isogenic controls (ISO) from four patients with MPS II neurodegeneration. MPS II-iPSCs were successfully differentiated into cortical neurons with characteristic biochemical and cellular phenotypes, including axonal beadings positive for phosphorylated tau, and unique electrophysiological abnormalities, which were mostly rescued in ISO-iPSC-derived neurons. RNA sequencing analysis uncovered dysregulation in three major signaling pathways, including Wnt/β-catenin, p38 MAP kinase, and calcium pathways, in mature MPS II neurons. Further mechanistic characterization indicated that the dysregulation in calcium signaling led to an elevated intracellular calcium level, which might be linked to compromised survival of neurons. Based on these dysregulated pathways, several related chemicals and drugs were tested using this mature MPS II neuron-based platform and a small-molecule glycogen synthase kinase-3β inhibitor was found to significantly rescue neuronal survival, neurite morphology, and electrophysiological abnormalities in MPS II neurons. Our results underscore that the MPS II-iPSC-based platform significantly contributes to unraveling the mechanisms underlying the degeneration and death of MPS II neurons and assessing potential drug candidates. Furthermore, the study revealed that targeting the specific dysregulation of signaling pathways downstream of GAG accumulation in MPS II neurons with a well-characterized drug could potentially ameliorate neuronal degeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shuan-Pei Lin
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - De-Fong Huang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Sung Huang
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chiao Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Jen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Neurobiology and Cognitive Science Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Lin
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Po Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Manzoli R, Badenetti L, Bruzzone M, Macario MC, Rubin M, Dal Maschio M, Roveri A, Moro E. Mucopolysaccharidosis type II zebrafish model exhibits early impaired proteasomal-mediated degradation of the axon guidance receptor Dcc. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:269. [PMID: 38627369 PMCID: PMC11021486 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06661-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Most of the patients affected by neuronopathic forms of Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II), a rare lysosomal storage disorder caused by defects in iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) activity, exhibit early neurological defects associated with white matter lesions and progressive behavioural abnormalities. While neuronal degeneration has been largely described in experimental models and human patients, more subtle neuronal pathogenic defects remain still underexplored. In this work, we discovered that the axon guidance receptor Deleted in Colorectal Cancer (Dcc) is significantly dysregulated in the brain of ids mutant zebrafish since embryonic stages. In addition, thanks to the establishment of neuronal-enriched primary cell cultures, we identified defective proteasomal degradation as one of the main pathways underlying Dcc upregulation in ids mutant conditions. Furthermore, ids mutant fish-derived primary neurons displayed higher levels of polyubiquitinated proteins and P62, suggesting a wider defect in protein degradation. Finally, we show that ids mutant larvae display an atypical response to anxiety-inducing stimuli, hence mimicking one of the characteristic features of MPS II patients. Our study provides an additional relevant frame to MPS II pathogenesis, supporting the concept that multiple developmental defects concur with early childhood behavioural abnormalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Manzoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy.
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy.
| | - Lorenzo Badenetti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica "Città Della Speranza", 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Bruzzone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
- Padua Neuroscience Center - PNC, University of Padova, 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Carla Macario
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Rubin
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Dal Maschio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
- Padua Neuroscience Center - PNC, University of Padova, 35129, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonella Roveri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Enrico Moro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Scarcella M, Scerra G, Ciampa M, Caterino M, Costanzo M, Rinaldi L, Feliciello A, Anzilotti S, Fiorentino C, Renna M, Ruoppolo M, Pavone LM, D’Agostino M, De Pasquale V. Metabolic rewiring and autophagy inhibition correct lysosomal storage disease in mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB. iScience 2024; 27:108959. [PMID: 38361619 PMCID: PMC10864807 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are lysosomal disorders with neurological involvement for which no cure exists. Here, we show that recombinant NK1 fragment of hepatocyte growth factor rescues substrate accumulation and lysosomal defects in MPS I, IIIA and IIIB patient fibroblasts. We investigated PI3K/Akt pathway, which is of crucial importance for neuronal function and survival, and demonstrate that PI3K inhibition abolishes NK1 therapeutic effects. We identified that autophagy inhibition, by Beclin1 silencing, reduces MPS IIIB phenotype and that NK1 downregulates autophagic-lysosome (ALP) gene expression, suggesting a possible contribution of autophagosome biogenesis in MPS. Indeed, metabolomic analyses revealed defects of mitochondrial activity accompanied by anaerobic metabolism and inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which acts on metabolism and autophagy, rescues lysosomal defects. These results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of MPS IIIB physiopathology, supporting the development of new promising approaches based on autophagy inhibition and metabolic rewiring to correct lysosomal pathology in MPSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melania Scarcella
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Scerra
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Mariangela Ciampa
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Caterino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Michele Costanzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Laura Rinaldi
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Feliciello
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Serenella Anzilotti
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Via F. de Sanctis, 82100 Benevento, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorentino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Renna
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Margherita Ruoppolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate Franco Salvatore, Via G. Salvatore 486, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo D’Agostino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tavares AMV, Gonzalez EA, Viana IS, Visioli F, Vera LNP, Baldo G. Characterization of heart disease in mucopolysaccharidosis type II mice. Cardiovasc Pathol 2023; 67:107575. [PMID: 37730078 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2023.107575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPSII) is a progressive lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in the IDS gene, that leads to iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS) enzyme deficiency. The enzyme catalyzes the first step of degradation of two glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), heparan sulfate (HS) and dermatan sulfate (DS). The consequences of MPSII are progressively harmful and can lead to death by cardiac failure. The aim of this study was to characterize the cardiovascular disease in MPSII mice. Thus, we evaluated the cardiovascular function of MPSII male mice at 6, 8, and 10 months of age, through functional, histological, and biochemical analyzes. Echocardiographic analyses showed a progressive loss in cardiac function, observed through parameters such as reduction in ejection fraction (46% in control versus 28% in MPS II at 10 months, P < .01) and fractional area change (31% versus 23%, P < .05). Similar results were found in parameters of vascular competence, obtained by echo Doppler. Both aortic dilatation and an increase in pulmonary resistance were observed at all time points in MPSII mice. The histological analyses showed an increase in the thickness of the heart valves (2-fold thicker than control values at 10 months). Biochemical analyzes confirmed GAG storage in these tissues, with a massive elevation of DS in the myocardium. Furthermore, an important increase in the activity of proteases such as cathepsin S and B (up to 5-fold control values) was found and could be related to the progressive loss of cardiac function observed in MPSII mice. In this work, we demonstrated that loss of cardiac function in MPSII mice started at 6 months of age, although its global cardiac capacity was still preserved at this time. Disease progressed at later time points leading to heart failure. The MPSII mice at later times reproduce many of the cardiovascular events found in patients with Hunter's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Vicente Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia - UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90035-003, RS, Brazil
| | - Esteban Alberto Gonzalez
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular - UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, CEP 91501970, RS, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Souza Viana
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil
| | - Luisa Natalia Pimentel Vera
- Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular - UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, CEP 91501970, RS, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Baldo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Fisiologia - UFRGS, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600, Porto Alegre, CEP: 90035-003, RS, Brazil; Centro de Pesquisa Experimental- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, CEP 90035-903, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular - UFRGS Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Porto Alegre, CEP 91501970, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Badenetti L, Manzoli R, Trevisan M, D'Avanzo F, Tomanin R, Moro E. A novel CRISPR/Cas9-based iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) knockout human neuronal cell line reveals earliest pathological changes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10289. [PMID: 37357221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple complex intracellular cascades contributing to Hunter syndrome (mucopolysaccharidosis type II) pathogenesis have been recognized and documented in the past years. However, the hierarchy of early cellular abnormalities leading to irreversible neuronal damage is far from being completely understood. To tackle this issue, we have generated two novel iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) loss of function human neuronal cell lines by means of genome editing. We show that both neuronal cell lines exhibit no enzymatic activity and increased GAG storage despite a completely different genotype. At a cellular level, they display reduced differentiation, significantly decreased LAMP1 and RAB7 protein levels, impaired lysosomal acidification and increased lipid storage. Moreover, one of the two clones is characterized by a marked decrease of the autophagic marker p62, while none of the two mutants exhibit marked oxidative stress and mitochondrial morphological changes. Based on our preliminary findings, we hypothesize that neuronal differentiation might be significantly affected by IDS functional impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Badenetti
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica "Città Della Speranza", 35127, Padova, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Rosa Manzoli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Via Ugo Bassi 58/B, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Marta Trevisan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca D'Avanzo
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica "Città Della Speranza", 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Rosella Tomanin
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, 35128, Padova, Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica "Città Della Speranza", 35127, Padova, Italy
| | - Enrico Moro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mignani L, Guerra J, Corli M, Capoferri D, Presta M. Zebra-Sphinx: Modeling Sphingolipidoses in Zebrafish. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054747. [PMID: 36902174 PMCID: PMC10002607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipidoses are inborn errors of metabolism due to the pathogenic mutation of genes that encode for lysosomal enzymes, transporters, or enzyme cofactors that participate in the sphingolipid catabolism. They represent a subgroup of lysosomal storage diseases characterized by the gradual lysosomal accumulation of the substrate(s) of the defective proteins. The clinical presentation of patients affected by sphingolipid storage disorders ranges from a mild progression for some juvenile- or adult-onset forms to severe/fatal infantile forms. Despite significant therapeutic achievements, novel strategies are required at basic, clinical, and translational levels to improve patient outcomes. On these bases, the development of in vivo models is crucial for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of sphingolipidoses and for the development of efficacious therapeutic strategies. The teleost zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a useful platform to model several human genetic diseases owing to the high grade of genome conservation between human and zebrafish, combined with precise genome editing and the ease of manipulation. In addition, lipidomic studies have allowed the identification in zebrafish of all of the main classes of lipids present in mammals, supporting the possibility to model diseases of the lipidic metabolism in this animal species with the advantage of using mammalian lipid databases for data processing. This review highlights the use of zebrafish as an innovative model system to gain novel insights into the pathogenesis of sphingolipidoses, with possible implications for the identification of more efficacious therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Z, Ma M, Zhang W, Zhou Y, Yao F, Zhu L, Wei M, Qiu Z. Phenotypic and genetic characteristics of 130 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type II: A single-center retrospective study in China. Front Genet 2023; 14:1103620. [PMID: 36713083 PMCID: PMC9880164 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1103620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II (MPS II) is a rare, progressive and ultimately fatal X-linked lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS) gene. This report conducted a retrospective analysis to investigate the clinical characteristics, genotypes and management strategies in a large cohort of Chinese patients with MPS II. Methods: In this study, we explored 130 Chinese patients with MPS II between September 2008 and April 2022. Clinical manifestations, auxiliary examination, IDS pathogenic gene variants and IDS enzyme activity, surgical history were analysed in the study. Results: A total of 130 patients were enrolled and the mean age at diagnosis was 5 years old. This study found the most common symptoms in our patients were claw-like hands, followed by coarse facial features, birthmarks (Mongolian spot), delayed development, inguinal or umbilical hernia. The most commonly cardiac manifestations were valve abnormalities, which were mitral/tricuspid valve regurgitation (71.9%) and aortic/pulmonary valve regurgitation (36.8%). We had found 43 different IDS pathogenic gene variants in 55 patients, included 16 novel variants. The variants were concentrated in exon 9 (20% = 11/55), exon 3 (20% = 11/55) and exon 8 (15% = 8/55). A total of 50 patients (38.5%) underwent surgical treatment, receiving a total of 63 surgeries. The average age of first surgery was 2.6 years, and the majority of surgery (85.7%, 54/63) was operated before 4 years old. The most common and earliest surgery was hernia repair. Three patients were died of respiratory failure. Conclusion: This study provided additional information on the clinical, cardiac ultrasound and surgical procedure in MPS II patients. Our study expanded the genotype spectrum of MPS II. Based on these data, characterization of MPS II patients group could be used to early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Mingsheng Ma
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Weimin Zhang
- Department of Genetics Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fengxia Yao
- Department of Genetics Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lisi Zhu
- Department of Genetics Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengqing Qiu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Zhengqing Qiu,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
De Vuyst R, Jalazo E, Tsujimoto TM, Lin FC, Muenzer J, Muhlebach MS. Airway Findings in Patients with Hunter Syndrome Treated with Intravenous Idursulfase. J Clin Med 2023; 12:480. [PMID: 36675409 PMCID: PMC9863383 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12020480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
People with Hunter syndrome are known to be affected by a variety of airway pathologies. Treatment of Hunter syndrome with the enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) idursulfase is now the standard of care. However, it is not known how ERT changes the progression of airway involvement. To evaluate this, we performed a retrospective analysis of bronchoscopies performed on children with Hunter syndrome who were part of intrathecal ERT trials. Findings for airway pathology were extracted from bronchoscopy reports and analyses were performed for cross-sectional and longitudinal changes in airway disease. One-hundred and thirty bronchoscopies from 23 subjects were analyzed. Upper airway disease (adenoid hypertrophy and/or pharyngomalacia) was reported in 93% and 87% of bronchoscopies, respectively. Laryngeal abnormalities were recognized in 46% of cases. There were lower airway (tracheal and or bronchial) findings in 64% of all bronchoscopies and prevalence increased with age. Evaluations over time adjusted for repeat evaluations showed that increasing airway involvement was associated with older age (p = 0.0007) despite ongoing ERT. No association was discovered between age of intravenous ERT initiation and progression of airway disease. Individuals with Hunter syndrome who are receiving intravenous enzyme replacement therapy showed the progression of airways disease supporting the need for regular airway monitoring and intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard De Vuyst
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Elizabeth Jalazo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Tamy Moraes Tsujimoto
- Department of Biostatistics, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Feng-Chang Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Joseph Muenzer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Marianne S. Muhlebach
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Marsico Lung Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Douceau S, Deutsch Guerrero T, Ferent J. Establishing Hedgehog Gradients during Neural Development. Cells 2023; 12:cells12020225. [PMID: 36672161 PMCID: PMC9856818 DOI: 10.3390/cells12020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A morphogen is a signaling molecule that induces specific cellular responses depending on its local concentration. The concept of morphogenic gradients has been a central paradigm of developmental biology for decades. Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) is one of the most important morphogens that displays pleiotropic functions during embryonic development, ranging from neuronal patterning to axon guidance. It is commonly accepted that Shh is distributed in a gradient in several tissues from different origins during development; however, how these gradients are formed and maintained at the cellular and molecular levels is still the center of a great deal of research. In this review, we first explored all of the different sources of Shh during the development of the nervous system. Then, we detailed how these sources can distribute Shh in the surrounding tissues via a variety of mechanisms. Finally, we addressed how disrupting Shh distribution and gradients can induce severe neurodevelopmental disorders and cancers. Although the concept of gradient has been central in the field of neurodevelopment since the fifties, we also describe how contemporary leading-edge techniques, such as organoids, can revisit this classical model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Douceau
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, INSERM, Sorbonne Univeristy, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Tanya Deutsch Guerrero
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, INSERM, Sorbonne Univeristy, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Julien Ferent
- INSERM UMR-S 1270, F-75005 Paris, France
- Institut du Fer à Moulin, INSERM, Sorbonne Univeristy, F-75005 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang H, Lin X, Wang Z, He S, Dong B, Lyu G. Differential lncRNA/mRNA expression profiling and ceRNA network analyses in amniotic fluid from foetuses with ventricular septal defects. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14962. [PMID: 36874970 PMCID: PMC9979828 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes in embryonic development. We aimed to explore lncRNA expression profiles in ventricular septal defects (VSDs) and reveal their potential roles in heart development. Methods Microarray analyses were performed to screen differentially expressed lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) and mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) in the amniotic fluid between the VSD group and the control group. Bioinformatics analyses were further used to identify the functional enrichment and signaling pathways of important mRNAs. Then, a coding-noncoding gene coexpression (CNC) network and competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network were drawn. Finally, qRT‒PCR was performed to verify several hub lncRNAs and mRNAs in the network. Results A total of 710 DE-lncRNAs and 397 DE-mRNAs were identified in the VSD group. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the DE-mRNAs were enriched in cardiac development-related biological processes and pathways, including cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway. Four VSD related mRNAs was used to construct the CNC network, which included 149 pairs of coexpressing lncRNAs and mRNAs. In addition, a ceRNA network, including 15 lncRNAs, 194 miRNAs, and four mRNAs, was constructed to reveal the potential regulatory relationship between lncRNAs and protein-coding genes. Finally, seven RNAs in the ceRNA network were validated, including IDS, NR2F2, GPC3, LINC00598, GATA3-AS1, PWRN1, and LINC01551. Conclusion Our study identified some lncRNAs and mRNAs may be potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for foetuses with VSD, and described the lncRNA-associated ceRNA network in the progression of VSD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huaming Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fujian Cancer Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Zecheng Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shaozheng He
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Bingtian Dong
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Guorong Lyu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Maternal and Child Health Service Technology, Quanzhou Medical College, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Quantification of Idua Enzymatic Activity Combined with Observation of Phenotypic Change in Zebrafish Embryos Provide a Preliminary Assessment of Mutated idua Correlated with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12081199. [PMID: 35893292 PMCID: PMC9332586 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12081199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is an inherited autosomal recessive disease resulting from mutation of the α-l-Iduronidase (IDUA) gene. New unknown mutated nucleotides of idua have increasingly been discovered in newborn screening, and remain to be elucidated. In this study, we found that the z-Idua enzymatic activity of zebrafish idua-knockdown embryos was reduced, resulting in the accumulation of undegradable metabolite of heparin sulfate, as well as increased mortality and defective phenotypes similar to some symptoms of human MPS I. After microinjecting mutated z-idua-L346R, -T364M, -E398-deleted, and -E540-frameshifted mRNAs, corresponding to mutated human IDUA associated with MPS I, into zebrafish embryos, no increase in z-Idua enzymatic activity, except of z-idua-E540-frameshift-injected embryos, was noted compared with endogenous z-Idua of untreated embryos. Defective phenotypes were observed in the z-idua-L346R-injected embryos, suggesting that failed enzymatic activity of mutated z-Idua-L346R might have a dominant negative effect on endogenous z-Idua function. However, defective phenotypes were not observed in the z-idua-E540-frameshifted-mRNA-injected embryos, which provided partial enzymatic activity. Based on these results, we suggest that the z-Idua enzyme activity assay combined with phenotypic observation of mutated-idua-injected zebrafish embryos could serve as an alternative platform for a preliminary assessment of mutated idua not yet characterized for their role in MPS I.
Collapse
|
12
|
Wiesinger AM, Bigger B, Giugliani R, Scarpa M, Moser T, Lampe C, Kampmann C, Lagler FB. The Inflammation in the Cytopathology of Patients With Mucopolysaccharidoses- Immunomodulatory Drugs as an Approach to Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:863667. [PMID: 35645812 PMCID: PMC9136158 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.863667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are a group of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs), characterized by the accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). GAG storage-induced inflammatory processes are a driver of cytopathology in MPS and pharmacological immunomodulation can bring improvements in brain, cartilage and bone pathology in rodent models. This manuscript reviews current knowledge with regard to inflammation in MPS patients and provides hypotheses for the therapeutic use of immunomodulators in MPS. Thus, we aim to set the foundation for a rational repurposing of the discussed molecules to minimize the clinical unmet needs still remaining despite enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Maria Wiesinger
- Institute of Congenital Metabolic Diseases, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
- *Correspondence: Anna-Maria Wiesinger,
| | - Brian Bigger
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
- Stem Cell and Neurotherapies, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Department of Genetics, Medical Genetics Service and Biodiscovery Laboratory, HCPA, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maurizio Scarpa
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
- Regional Coordinating Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Tobias Moser
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler University Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christina Lampe
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Center of Rare Diseases, University Hospitals Giessen/Marburg, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph Kampmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Florian B. Lagler
- Institute of Congenital Metabolic Diseases, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- European Reference Network for Hereditary Metabolic Diseases, MetabERN, Udine, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Garg C, khan H, Kaur A, Singh TG, Sharma VK, Singh SK. Therapeutic Implications of Sonic Hedgehog Pathway in Metabolic Disorders: Novel Target for Effective Treatment. Pharmacol Res 2022; 179:106194. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
14
|
Engineering Hydrogels for the Development of Three-Dimensional In Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052662. [PMID: 35269803 PMCID: PMC8910155 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The superiority of in vitro 3D cultures over conventional 2D cell cultures is well recognized by the scientific community for its relevance in mimicking the native tissue architecture and functionality. The recent paradigm shift in the field of tissue engineering toward the development of 3D in vitro models can be realized with its myriad of applications, including drug screening, developing alternative diagnostics, and regenerative medicine. Hydrogels are considered the most suitable biomaterial for developing an in vitro model owing to their similarity in features to the extracellular microenvironment of native tissue. In this review article, recent progress in the use of hydrogel-based biomaterial for the development of 3D in vitro biomimetic tissue models is highlighted. Discussions of hydrogel sources and the latest hybrid system with different combinations of biopolymers are also presented. The hydrogel crosslinking mechanism and design consideration are summarized, followed by different types of available hydrogel module systems along with recent microfabrication technologies. We also present the latest developments in engineering hydrogel-based 3D in vitro models targeting specific tissues. Finally, we discuss the challenges surrounding current in vitro platforms and 3D models in the light of future perspectives for an improved biomimetic in vitro organ system.
Collapse
|
15
|
Del Grosso A, Parlanti G, Angella L, Giordano N, Tonazzini I, Ottalagana E, Carpi S, Pellegrino RM, Alabed HBR, Emiliani C, Caleo M, Cecchini M. Chronic lithium administration in a mouse model for Krabbe disease. JIMD Rep 2022; 63:50-65. [PMID: 35028271 PMCID: PMC8743347 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Krabbe disease (KD; or globoid cell leukodystrophy) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficiency of the galactosylceramidase (GALC) enzyme. No cure is currently available for KD. Clinical applied treatments are supportive only. Recently, we demonstrated that two differently acting autophagy inducers (lithium and rapamycin) can improve some KD hallmarks in-vitro, laying the foundation for their in-vivo pre-clinical testing. Here, we test lithium carbonate in-vivo, in the spontaneous mouse model for KD, the Twitcher (TWI) mouse. The drug is administered ad libitum via drinking water (600 mg/L) starting from post natal day 20. We longitudinally monitor the mouse motor performance through the grip strength, the hanging wire and the rotarod tests, and a set of biochemical parameters related to the KD pathogenesis [i.e., GALC enzymatic activity, psychosine (PSY) accumulation and astrogliosis]. Additionally, we investigate the expression of some crucial markers related to the two pathways that could be altered by lithium: the autophagy and the β-catenin-dependent pathways. Results demonstrate that lithium has not a significant rescue effect on the TWI phenotype, although it can slightly and transiently improves muscle strength. We also show that lithium, with this administration protocol, is unable to stimulate autophagy in the TWI mice central nervous system, whereas results suggest that it can restore the β-catenin activation status in the TWI sciatic nerve. Overall, these data provide intriguing inputs for further evaluations of lithium treatment in TWI mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Del Grosso
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Gabriele Parlanti
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Lucia Angella
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Nadia Giordano
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei CavalieriPisaItaly
- CNR Neuroscience InstitutePisaItaly
| | - Ilaria Tonazzini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Elisa Ottalagana
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | - Sara Carpi
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| | | | - Husam B. R. Alabed
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and BiotechnologiesUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, and BiotechnologiesUniversity of PerugiaPerugiaItaly
| | - Matteo Caleo
- Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza dei CavalieriPisaItaly
- CNR Neuroscience InstitutePisaItaly
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PaduaPadovaItaly
| | - Marco Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze‐CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San SilvestroPisaItaly
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Corrêa T, Feltes BC, Giugliani R, Matte U. Disruption of morphogenic and growth pathways in lysosomal storage diseases. WIREs Mech Dis 2021; 13:e1521. [PMID: 34730292 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The lysosome achieved a new protagonism that highlights its multiple cellular functions, such as in the catabolism of complex substrates, nutrient sensing, and signaling pathways implicated in cell metabolism and growth. Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) cause lysosomal accumulation of substrates and deficiency in trafficking of macromolecules. The substrate accumulation can impact one or several pathways which contribute to cell damage. Autophagy impairment and immune response are widely studied, but less attention is paid to morphogenic and growth pathways and its impact on the pathophysiology of LSDs. Hedgehog pathway is affected with abnormal expression and changes in distribution of protein levels, and a reduced number and length of primary cilia. Moreover, growth pathways are identified with delay in reactivation of mTOR that deregulate termination of autophagy and reformation of lysosomes. Insulin resistance caused by changes in lipids rafts has been described in different LSDs. While the genetic and biochemical bases of deficient proteins in LSDs are well understood, the secondary molecular mechanisms that disrupt wider biological processes associated with LSDs are only now becoming clearer. Therefore, we explored how specific signaling pathways can be related to specific LSDs, showing that a system medicine approach could be a valuable tool for the better understanding of LSD pathogenesis. This article is categorized under: Metabolic Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Corrêa
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bruno C Feltes
- Department of Theoretical Informatics, Institute of Informatics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Roberto Giugliani
- Medical Genetics Service, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ursula Matte
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Gene Therapy Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
De Pasquale V, Scerra G, Scarcella M, D'Agostino M, Pavone LM. Competitive binding of extracellular accumulated heparan sulfate reduces lysosomal storage defects and triggers neuronal differentiation in a model of Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2021; 1868:119113. [PMID: 34329663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2021.119113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders associated with the deficiency of lysosomal enzymes involved in glycosaminoglycan (GAG) degradation. The resulting cellular accumulation of GAGs is responsible for widespread tissue and organ dysfunctions. The MPS III, caused by mutations in the genes responsible for the degradation of heparan sulfate (HS), includes four subtypes (A, B, C, and D) that present significant neurological manifestations such as progressive cognitive decline and behavioral disorders. The established treatments for the MPS III do not cure the disease but only ameliorate non-neurological clinical symptoms. We previously demonstrated that the natural variant of the hepatocyte growth factor NK1 reduces the lysosomal pathology and reactivates impaired growth factor signaling in fibroblasts from MPS IIIB patients. Here, we show that the recombinant NK1 is effective in rescuing the morphological and functional dysfunctions of lysosomes in a neuronal cellular model of the MPS IIIB. More importantly, NK1 treatment is able to stimulate neuronal differentiation of neuroblastoma SK-NBE cells stable silenced for the NAGLU gene causative of the MPS IIIB. These results provide the basis for the development of a novel approach to possibly correct the neurological phenotypes of the MPS IIIB as well as of other MPSs characterized by the accumulation of HS and progressive neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via F. Delpino 1, 80127 Naples, Italy
| | - Gianluca Scerra
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Melania Scarcella
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Massimo D'Agostino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zebrafish, an In Vivo Platform to Screen Drugs and Proteins for Biomedical Use. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060500. [PMID: 34073947 PMCID: PMC8225009 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The nearly simultaneous convergence of human genetics and advanced molecular technologies has led to an improved understanding of human diseases. At the same time, the demand for drug screening and gene function identification has also increased, albeit time- and labor-intensive. However, bridging the gap between in vitro evidence from cell lines and in vivo evidence, the lower vertebrate zebrafish possesses many advantages over higher vertebrates, such as low maintenance, high fecundity, light-induced spawning, transparent embryos, short generation interval, rapid embryonic development, fully sequenced genome, and some phenotypes similar to human diseases. Such merits have popularized the zebrafish as a model system for biomedical and pharmaceutical studies, including drug screening. Here, we reviewed the various ways in which zebrafish serve as an in vivo platform to perform drug and protein screening in the fields of rare human diseases, social behavior and cancer studies. Since zebrafish mutations faithfully phenocopy many human disorders, many compounds identified from zebrafish screening systems have advanced to early clinical trials, such as those for Adenoid cystic carcinoma, Dravet syndrome and Diamond-Blackfan anemia. We also reviewed and described how zebrafish are used to carry out environmental pollutant detection and assessment of nanoparticle biosafety and QT prolongation.
Collapse
|
19
|
Parenti G, Medina DL, Ballabio A. The rapidly evolving view of lysosomal storage diseases. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e12836. [PMID: 33459519 PMCID: PMC7863408 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202012836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases are a group of metabolic disorders caused by deficiencies of several components of lysosomal function. Most commonly affected are lysosomal hydrolases, which are involved in the breakdown and recycling of a variety of complex molecules and cellular structures. The understanding of lysosomal biology has progressively improved over time. Lysosomes are no longer viewed as organelles exclusively involved in catabolic pathways, but rather as highly dynamic elements of the autophagic-lysosomal pathway, involved in multiple cellular functions, including signaling, and able to adapt to environmental stimuli. This refined vision of lysosomes has substantially impacted on our understanding of the pathophysiology of lysosomal disorders. It is now clear that substrate accumulation triggers complex pathogenetic cascades that are responsible for disease pathology, such as aberrant vesicle trafficking, impairment of autophagy, dysregulation of signaling pathways, abnormalities of calcium homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Novel technologies, in most cases based on high-throughput approaches, have significantly contributed to the characterization of lysosomal biology or lysosomal dysfunction and have the potential to facilitate diagnostic processes, and to enable the identification of new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Parenti
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Diego L Medina
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy.,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.,SSM School for Advanced Studies, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Costa R, Muccioli S, Brillo V, Bachmann M, Szabò I, Leanza L. Mitochondrial dysfunction interferes with neural crest specification through the FoxD3 transcription factor. Pharmacol Res 2020; 164:105385. [PMID: 33348025 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The neural crest is an important group of cells with pluripotency and migratory ability that is crucially involved in tissue and cell specification during development. Craniofacial shaping, sensory neurons, body asymmetry, and pigmentation are linked to neural crest functionality. Despite its prominent role in embryogenesis, neural crest specification as well as the possible part mitochondria play in such a process remains unclarified. Mitochondria are important organelles not only for respiration, but also for regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and death. Modulation of mitochondrial fitness and depletion of mitochondrial ATP synthesis has been shown to down-regulate Wnt signaling, both in vitro and in vivo. Since Wnt signaling is one of the crucial players during neural crest induction/specification, we hypothesized a signaling cascade connecting mitochondria to embryonic development and neural crest migration and differentiation. Here, by using pharmacological and genetic modulators of mitochondrial function, we provide evidence that a crosstalk between mitochondrial energy homeostasis and Wnt signaling is important in the development of neural crest-derived tissues. Furthermore, our results highlight the possibility to modulate neural crest cell specification by tuning mitochondrial metabolism via FoxD3, an important transcription factor that is regulated by Wnt. FoxD3 ensures the correct embryonic development and contributes to the maintenance of cell stemness and to the induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. In summary, our work offers new insights into the molecular mechanism of action of FoxD3 and demonstrates that mitochondrial fitness is linked to the regulation of this important transcription factor via Wnt signaling in the context of neural crest specification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Costa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Modeling Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II in the Fruit Fly by Using the RNA Interference Approach. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10110263. [PMID: 33142967 PMCID: PMC7692102 DOI: 10.3390/life10110263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is a lysosomal storage disorder that occurs due to the deficit of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS) that leads to the storage of the glycosaminoglycan heparan- and dermatan-sulfate in all organs and tissues. It is characterized by important clinical features and the severe form presents with a heavy neurological involvement. However, almost nothing is known about the neuropathogenesis of MPS II. To address this issue, we developed a ubiquitous, neuronal, and glial-specific knockdown model in Drosophila melanogaster by using the RNA interference (RNAi) approach. Knockdown of the Ids/CG12014 gene resulted in a significant reduction of the Ids gene expression and enzymatic activity. However, glycosaminoglycan storage, survival, molecular markers (Atg8a, Lamp1, Rab11), and locomotion behavior were not affected. Even strongly reduced, IDS-activity was enough to prevent a pathological phenotype in a MPS II RNAi fruit fly. Thus, a Drosophila MPS II model requires complete abolishment of the enzymatic activity.
Collapse
|
22
|
Lin CY, Lin HY, Chuang CK, Zhang PH, Tu RY, Lin SP, Tsai HJ. Effect of Mutated ids Overexpression on IDS Enzyme Activity and Developmental Phenotypes in Zebrafish Embryos: A Valuable Index for Assessing Critical Point-Mutations Associated with Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II Occurrence in Humans. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10100854. [PMID: 33096603 PMCID: PMC7589091 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10100854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is an X-linked disorder resulting from a deficiency in iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS), which is reported to be caused by gene mutations in the iduronate 2-sulfatase (IDS) gene. Many IDS mutation sites have not yet had their causal relationship with MPS II characterized. We employed a gain-of-function strategy whereby we microinjected different mutated zebrafish ids (z-ids) mRNAs corresponded to human IDS gene into zebrafish embryos, and then measured their total IDS enzymatic activity and observed the occurrence of defective phenotypes during embryonic development. We examined three known mutation sites for human IDS genes (h-IDS) associated with MPS II symptoms, including h-IDS-P86L, -S333L and -R468W, which corresponded to z-ids-P80L, -S327L and -R454W. When these three mutated z-ids mRNAs were overexpressed in zebrafish embryos, the IDS enzymatic activity of the total proteins extracted from the injected embryos was not increased compared with the endogenous IDS of the untreated embryos, which suggests that the IDS enzymatic activity of these three mutated z-ids was totally lost, as expected. Additionally, we observed defective phenotypes in these injected embryos, resulting from the failed IDS enzyme breakdown, which, in turn, has a dominant negative effect on the endogenous wild-type IDS function. These phenotypes were similar to the clinical symptoms observed in MPS II pathogenesis. We further studied six uncharacterized IDS mutation sites as identified by the Taiwanese MPS newborn screening programs. We propose a novel IDS enzyme activity assay combined with phenotypic observation in zebrafish embryos, as an alternative platform for quickly providing a valuable index for preliminarily assessment of any identified IDS point mutation gene that has not yet been characterized, in the context of its role in MPS II development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yung Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (P.-H.Z.)
| | - Hsiang-Yu Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (P.-H.Z.)
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan; (C.-K.C.); (R.-Y.T.)
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei 11260, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Chuang
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan; (C.-K.C.); (R.-Y.T.)
- College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei 24205, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsiang Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (P.-H.Z.)
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan; (C.-K.C.); (R.-Y.T.)
| | - Ru-Yi Tu
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan; (C.-K.C.); (R.-Y.T.)
| | - Shuan-Pei Lin
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 10449, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 25160, Taiwan; (C.-K.C.); (R.-Y.T.)
- Department of Infant and Child Care, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 11219, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (S.-P.L.); (H.-J.T.)
| | - Huai-Jen Tsai
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City 25245, Taiwan; (C.-Y.L.); (H.-Y.L.); (P.-H.Z.)
- Correspondence: (S.-P.L.); (H.-J.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
A Great Catch for Investigating Inborn Errors of Metabolism-Insights Obtained from Zebrafish. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091352. [PMID: 32971894 PMCID: PMC7564250 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism cause abnormal synthesis, recycling, or breakdown of amino acids, neurotransmitters, and other various metabolites. This aberrant homeostasis commonly causes the accumulation of toxic compounds or depletion of vital metabolites, which has detrimental consequences for the patients. Efficient and rapid intervention is often key to survival. Therefore, it requires useful animal models to understand the pathomechanisms and identify promising therapeutic drug targets. Zebrafish are an effective tool to investigate developmental mechanisms and understanding the pathophysiology of disorders. In the past decades, zebrafish have proven their efficiency for studying genetic disorders owing to the high degree of conservation between human and zebrafish genes. Subsequently, several rare inherited metabolic disorders have been successfully investigated in zebrafish revealing underlying mechanisms and identifying novel therapeutic targets, including methylmalonic acidemia, Gaucher’s disease, maple urine disorder, hyperammonemia, TRAPPC11-CDGs, and others. This review summarizes the recent impact zebrafish have made in the field of inborn errors of metabolism.
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang T, Peterson RT. Modeling Lysosomal Storage Diseases in the Zebrafish. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:82. [PMID: 32435656 PMCID: PMC7218095 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a family of 70 metabolic disorders characterized by mutations in lysosomal proteins that lead to storage material accumulation, multiple-organ pathologies that often involve neurodegeneration, and early mortality in a significant number of patients. Along with the necessity for more effective therapies, there exists an unmet need for further understanding of disease etiology, which could uncover novel pathways and drug targets. Over the past few decades, the growth in knowledge of disease-associated pathways has been facilitated by studies in model organisms, as advancements in mutagenesis techniques markedly improved the efficiency of model generation in mammalian and non-mammalian systems. In this review we highlight non-mammalian models of LSDs, focusing specifically on the zebrafish, a vertebrate model organism that shares remarkable genetic and metabolic similarities with mammals while also conferring unique advantages such as optical transparency and amenability toward high-throughput applications. We examine published zebrafish LSD models and their reported phenotypes, address organism-specific advantages and limitations, and discuss recent technological innovations that could provide potential solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - R T Peterson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Barnes JW, Aarnio-Peterson M, Norris J, Haskins M, Flanagan-Steet H, Steet R. Upregulation of Sortilin, a Lysosomal Sorting Receptor, Corresponds with Reduced Bioavailability of Latent TGFβ in Mucolipidosis II Cells. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10050670. [PMID: 32357547 PMCID: PMC7277838 DOI: 10.3390/biom10050670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucolipidosis II (ML-II) is a lysosomal disease caused by defects in the carbohydrate-dependent sorting of soluble hydrolases to lysosomes. Altered growth factor signaling has been identified as a contributor to the phenotypes associated with ML-II and other lysosomal disorders but an understanding of how these signaling pathways are affected is still emerging. Here, we investigated transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) signaling in the context of ML-II patient fibroblasts, observing decreased TGFβ1 signaling that was accompanied by impaired TGFβ1-dependent wound closure. We found increased intracellular latent TGFβ1 complexes, caused by reduced secretion and stable localization in detergent-resistant lysosomes. Sortilin, a sorting receptor for hydrolases and TGFβ-related cytokines, was upregulated in ML-II fibroblasts as well as GNPTAB-null HeLa cells, suggesting a mechanism for inappropriate lysosomal targeting of TGFβ. Co-expression of sortilin and TGFβ in HeLa cells resulted in reduced TGFβ1 secretion. Elevated sortilin levels correlated with normal levels of cathepsin D in ML-II cells, consistent with a compensatory role for this receptor in lysosomal hydrolase targeting. Collectively, these data support a model whereby sortilin upregulation in cells with lysosomal storage maintains hydrolase sorting but suppresses TGFβ1 secretion through increased lysosomal delivery. These findings highlight an unexpected link between impaired lysosomal sorting and altered growth factor bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod W Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | | | - Joy Norris
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA
| | - Mark Haskins
- Emeritus Professor, Pathology and Medical Genetics, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6051, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
De Pasquale V, Moles A, Pavone LM. Cathepsins in the Pathophysiology of Mucopolysaccharidoses: New Perspectives for Therapy. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040979. [PMID: 32326609 PMCID: PMC7227001 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cathepsins (CTSs) are ubiquitously expressed proteases normally found in the endolysosomal compartment where they mediate protein degradation and turnover. However, CTSs are also found in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and extracellular matrix where they actively participate in cell signaling, protein processing, and trafficking through the plasma and nuclear membranes and between intracellular organelles. Dysregulation in CTS expression and/or activity disrupts cellular homeostasis, thus contributing to many human diseases, including inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, diabetes, obesity, cancer, kidney dysfunction, and others. This review aimed to highlight the involvement of CTSs in inherited lysosomal storage disorders, with a primary focus to the emerging evidence on the role of CTSs in the pathophysiology of Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs). These latter diseases are characterized by severe neurological, skeletal and cardiovascular phenotypes, and no effective cure exists to date. The advance in the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the activity of CTSs in MPSs may open a new challenge for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for the cure of such intractable diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Anna Moles
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Barcelona, Spanish Research Council, 08036 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-7463043
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Pathogenesis of Mucopolysaccharidoses, an Update. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072515. [PMID: 32260444 PMCID: PMC7178160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent advancements in the knowledge of lysosomal biology and function have translated into an improved understanding of the pathophysiology of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs). The concept that MPS manifestations are direct consequences of lysosomal engorgement with undegraded glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) has been challenged by new information on the multiple biological roles of GAGs and by a new vision of the lysosome as a signaling hub involved in many critical cellular functions. MPS pathophysiology is now seen as the result of a complex cascade of secondary events that lead to dysfunction of several cellular processes and pathways, such as abnormal composition of membranes and its impact on vesicle fusion and trafficking; secondary storage of substrates; impairment of autophagy; impaired mitochondrial function and oxidative stress; dysregulation of signaling pathways. The characterization of this cascade of secondary cellular events is critical to better understand the pathophysiology of MPS clinical manifestations. In addition, some of these pathways may represent novel therapeutic targets and allow for the development of new therapies for these disorders.
Collapse
|
28
|
D’Avanzo F, Rigon L, Zanetti A, Tomanin R. Mucopolysaccharidosis Type II: One Hundred Years of Research, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1258. [PMID: 32070051 PMCID: PMC7072947 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II, Hunter syndrome) was first described by Dr. Charles Hunter in 1917. Since then, about one hundred years have passed and Hunter syndrome, although at first neglected for a few decades and afterwards mistaken for a long time for the similar disorder Hurler syndrome, has been clearly distinguished as a specific disease since 1978, when the distinct genetic causes of the two disorders were finally identified. MPS II is a rare genetic disorder, recently described as presenting an incidence rate ranging from 0.38 to 1.09 per 100,000 live male births, and it is the only X-linked-inherited mucopolysaccharidosis. The complex disease is due to a deficit of the lysosomal hydrolase iduronate 2-sulphatase, which is a crucial enzyme in the stepwise degradation of heparan and dermatan sulphate. This contributes to a heavy clinical phenotype involving most organ-systems, including the brain, in at least two-thirds of cases. In this review, we will summarize the history of the disease during this century through clinical and laboratory evaluations that allowed its definition, its correct diagnosis, a partial comprehension of its pathogenesis, and the proposition of therapeutic protocols. We will also highlight the main open issues related to the possible inclusion of MPS II in newborn screenings, the comprehension of brain pathogenesis, and treatment of the neurological compartment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca D’Avanzo
- Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Lysosomal Disorders, Department of Women’s and Children ‘s Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.D.); (A.Z.)
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy;
| | - Laura Rigon
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy;
- Molecular Developmental Biology, Life & Medical Science Institute (LIMES), University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Alessandra Zanetti
- Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Lysosomal Disorders, Department of Women’s and Children ‘s Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.D.); (A.Z.)
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy;
| | - Rosella Tomanin
- Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Lysosomal Disorders, Department of Women’s and Children ‘s Health, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, 35128 Padova, Italy; (F.D.); (A.Z.)
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica “Città della Speranza”, Corso Stati Uniti 4, 35127 Padova, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
De Pasquale V, Pavone LM. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans: The sweet side of development turns sour in mucopolysaccharidoses. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:165539. [PMID: 31465828 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) are complex carbohydrate-modified proteins ubiquitously expressed on cell surfaces, extracellular matrix and basement membrane of mammalian tissues. Beside to serve as structural constituents, they regulate multiple cellular activities. A critical involvement of HSPGs in development has been established, and perturbations of HSPG-dependent pathways are associated with many human diseases. Recent evidence suggest a role of HSPGs in the pathogenesis of mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) where the accumulation of undigested HS results in the loss of cellular functions, tissue damage and organ dysfunctions accounting for clinical manifestations which include central nervous system (CNS) involvement, degenerative joint disease and reduced bone growth. Current therapies are not curative but only ameliorate the disease symptoms. Here, we highlight the link between HSPG functions in the development of CNS and musculoskeletal structures and the etiology of some MPS phenotypes, suggesting that HSPGs may represent potential targets for the therapy of such incurable diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini n. 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Costa R, Peruzzo R, Bachmann M, Montà GD, Vicario M, Santinon G, Mattarei A, Moro E, Quintana-Cabrera R, Scorrano L, Zeviani M, Vallese F, Zoratti M, Paradisi C, Argenton F, Brini M, Calì T, Dupont S, Szabò I, Leanza L. Impaired Mitochondrial ATP Production Downregulates Wnt Signaling via ER Stress Induction. Cell Rep 2019; 28:1949-1960.e6. [PMID: 31433973 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Wnt signaling affects fundamental development pathways and, if aberrantly activated, promotes the development of cancers. Wnt signaling is modulated by different factors, but whether the mitochondrial energetic state affects Wnt signaling is unknown. Here, we show that sublethal concentrations of different compounds that decrease mitochondrial ATP production specifically downregulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling in vitro in colon cancer cells and in vivo in zebrafish reporter lines. Accordingly, fibroblasts from a GRACILE syndrome patient and a generated zebrafish model lead to reduced Wnt signaling. We identify a mitochondria-Wnt signaling axis whereby a decrease in mitochondrial ATP reduces calcium uptake into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress and to impaired Wnt signaling. In turn, the recovery of the ATP level or the inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress restores Wnt activity. These findings reveal a mechanism that links mitochondrial energetic metabolism to the control of the Wnt pathway that may be beneficial against several pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Costa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Mattia Vicario
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giulia Santinon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mattarei
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Enrico Moro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Rubén Quintana-Cabrera
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luca Scorrano
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Francesca Vallese
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Mario Zoratti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Paradisi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Marisa Brini
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Tito Calì
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sirio Dupont
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ildikò Szabò
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy.
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fiorenza MT, Moro E, Erickson RP. The pathogenesis of lysosomal storage disorders: beyond the engorgement of lysosomes to abnormal development and neuroinflammation. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:R119-R129. [PMID: 29718288 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that the complex clinical manifestations of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are not fully explained by the engorgement of the endosomal-autophagic-lysosomal system. In this review, we explore current knowledge of common pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for the early onset of tissue abnormalities of two LSDs, Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPSII) and Niemann-Pick type C (NPC) diseases. In particular, perturbations of the homeostasis of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and cholesterol (Chol) in MPSII and NPC diseases, respectively, affect key biological processes, including morphogen signaling. Both GAGs and Chol finely regulate the release, reception and tissue distribution of Shh. Hence, not surprisingly, developmental processes depending on correct Shh signaling have been found altered in both diseases. Besides abnormal signaling, exaggerated activation of microglia and impairment of autophagy and mitophagy occur in both diseases, largely before the appearance of typical pathological signs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Fiorenza
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Psychology and "Daniel Bovet" Neurobiology Research Center, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Moro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bellesso S, Salvalaio M, Lualdi S, Tognon E, Costa R, Braghetta P, Giraudo C, Stramare R, Rigon L, Filocamo M, Tomanin R, Moro E. FGF signaling deregulation is associated with early developmental skeletal defects in animal models for mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPSII). Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:2262-2275. [PMID: 29648648 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal abnormalities represent a major clinical burden in patients affected by the lysosomal storage disorder mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPSII, OMIM #309900). While extensive research has emphasized the detrimental role of stored glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the bone marrow (BM), a limited understanding of primary cellular mechanisms underlying bone defects in MPSII has hampered the development of bone-targeted therapeutic strategies beyond enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). We here investigated the involvement of key signaling pathways related to the loss of iduronate-2-sulfatase activity in two different MPSII animal models, D. rerio and M. musculus. We found that FGF pathway activity is impaired during early stages of bone development in IDS knockout mice and in a newly generated Ids mutant fish. In both models the FGF signaling deregulation anticipated a slow but progressive defect in bone differentiation, regardless of any extensive GAGs storage. We also show that MPSII patient fibroblasts harboring different mutations spanning the IDS gene exhibit perturbed FGF signaling-related markers expression. Our work opens a new venue to discover possible druggable novel key targets in MPSII.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Bellesso
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Marika Salvalaio
- Pediatric Research Institute "Città della Speranza", I-35127 Padova, Italy.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, I-35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Susanna Lualdi
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova 16147, Italy
| | - Elisa Tognon
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Costa
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Chiara Giraudo
- Department of Medicine, Radiology Unit, University of Padova, I-35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Stramare
- Department of Medicine, Radiology Unit, University of Padova, I-35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Rigon
- Pediatric Research Institute "Città della Speranza", I-35127 Padova, Italy.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, I-35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Mirella Filocamo
- Centro di Diagnostica Genetica e Biochimica delle Malattie Metaboliche Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genova 16147, Italy
| | - Rosella Tomanin
- Pediatric Research Institute "Città della Speranza", I-35127 Padova, Italy.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, University of Padova, I-35128 Padova, Italy
| | - Enrico Moro
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
De Pasquale V, Sarogni P, Pistorio V, Cerulo G, Paladino S, Pavone LM. Targeting Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans as a Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Mucopolysaccharidoses. MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT 2018; 10:8-16. [PMID: 29942826 PMCID: PMC6011039 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPSs) are inherited metabolic diseases caused by the deficiency of lysosomal enzymes needed to catabolize glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Four therapeutic options are currently considered: enzyme replacement therapy, substrate reduction therapy, gene therapy, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, while some of them exhibit limited clinical efficacy and require high costs, others are still in development. Therefore, alternative treatments for MPSs need to be explored. Here we describe an innovative therapeutic approach based on the use of a recombinant protein that is able to bind the excess of extracellular accumulated heparan sulfate (HS). We demonstrate that this protein is able to reduce lysosomal defects in primary fibroblasts from MPS I and MPS IIIB patients. We also show that, by masking the excess of extracellular accumulated HS in MPS fibroblasts, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signal transduction can be positively modulated. We, therefore, suggest the use of a competitive binding molecule for HS in MPSs as an alternative strategy to prevent the detrimental extracellular substrate storage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria De Pasquale
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Sarogni
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Pistorio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Cerulo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Michele Pavone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|