1
|
Parkes R, Garcia TX. Bringing proteomics to bear on male fertility: key lessons. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024; 21:181-203. [PMID: 38536015 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2327553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Male infertility is a major public health concern globally. Proteomics has revolutionized our comprehension of male fertility by identifying potential infertility biomarkers and reproductive defects. Studies comparing sperm proteome with other male reproductive tissues have the potential to refine fertility diagnostics and guide infertility treatment development. AREAS COVERED This review encapsulates literature using proteomic approaches to progress male reproductive biology. Our search methodology included systematic searches of databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles up to 2023. Keywords used included 'male fertility proteomics,' 'spermatozoa proteome,' 'testis proteomics,' 'epididymal proteomics,' and 'non-hormonal male contraception.' Inclusion criteria were robust experimental design, significant contributions to male fertility, and novel use of proteomic technologies. EXPERT OPINION Expert analysis shows a shift from traditional research to an integrative approach that clarifies male reproductive health's molecular intricacies. A gap exists between proteomic discoveries and clinical application. The expert opinions consolidated here not only navigate the current findings but also chart the future proteomic applications for scientific and clinical breakthroughs. We underscore the need for continued investment in proteomic research - both in the technological and collaborative arenas - to further unravel the secrets of male fertility, which will be central to resolving fertility issues in the coming era.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Parkes
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Thomas X Garcia
- Center for Drug Discovery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tang S, Jones C, Davies J, Lane S, Mitchell RT, Coward K. Determining the optimal time interval between sample acquisition and cryopreservation when processing immature testicular tissue to preserve fertility. Cryobiology 2024; 114:104841. [PMID: 38104854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.104841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The cryopreservation of immature testicular tissue (ITT) prior to gonadotoxic therapy is crucial for fertility preservation in prepubertal boys with cancer. However, the optimal holding time between tissue collection and cryopreservation has yet to be elucidated. Using the bovine model, we investigated four holding times (1, 6, 24, and 48 h) for ITTs before cryopreservation. Biopsies from two-week-old calves were stored in transport medium and cryopreserved following a standard slow-freezing clinical protocol. Thawed samples were then assessed for viability, morphology, and gene expression by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Analysis failed to identify any significant changes in cell viability when compared between the different groups. Sertoli (Vimentin+) and proliferating cells (Ki67+) were well-preserved. The expression of genes related to germ cells, spermatogenesis (STRA8, PLZF, GFRα-1, C-KIT, THY1, UCHL-1, NANOG, OCT-4, CREM), and apoptosis (HSP70-2) remained stable over 48 h. However, seminiferous cord detachment increased significantly in the 48-h group (p < 0.05), with associated cord and SSC shrinkage. Collectively, our analyses indicate that bovine ITTs can be stored for up to 48 h prior to cryopreservation with no impact on cell viability and the expression levels of key genes. However, to preserve the morphology of frozen-thawed tissue, the ideal processing time would be within 24 h. Testicular tissues obtained from patients for fertility preservation often need to be transported over long distances to be cryopreserved in specialist centres. Our findings highlight the importance of determining optimal tissue transport times to ensure tissue quality in cryopreservation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Tang
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Celine Jones
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Davies
- Oxford Cell and Tissue Biobank, Children's Hospital Oxford, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Sheila Lane
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Children's Hospital Oxford, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rod T Mitchell
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Institute for Regeneration and Repair, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom; Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kevin Coward
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, Women's Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ganeva R, Parvanov D, Vidolova N, Handzhiyska M, Ruseva M, Vasileva M, Nikolova K, Ivanova I, Shaban M, Shabarkova J, Hristova R, Miladinova M, Stamenov G. Sperm selection by zona adhesion improves assisted reproductive treatment outcomes. Andrology 2024. [PMID: 38225818 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zona pellucida is one of the main selective barriers for the spermatozoa before reaching the oocyte. Using native zona in the sperm selection prior to Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) has been proven effective but inconvenient approach in In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) laboratory. The application of autologous solubilised zonae pellucidae in the sperm selection prior to ICSI has not been studied yet. OBJECTIVES To compare the assisted reproductive treatment (ART) outcomes (implantation, pregnancy, live birth, and miscarriage rates) after ICSI performed with spermatozoa selected on their ability to adhere to immobilised solubilised zonae pellucidae and conventionally selected spermatozoa. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 500 couples fulfilled the inclusion criteria and 368 of them were included in the study. After random allocation, 192 couples had spermatozoa selected by sperm-zona adhesion for ICSI (study group) and 176 patients underwent standard ICSI (control group). In the study group, patients' own zonae were acid solubilised and immobilised on petri dishes. The partner's motile spermatozoa were placed in the dishes and the adhered spermatozoa were used for ICSI. For the control group, the conventional sperm selection by morphological criteria was applied prior ICSI. All women underwent frozen ET with euploid embryos. Chi square test was used to compare the data. RESULTS The sperm selection by zona adhesion resulted in significantly higher implantation rate (50.4% vs. 37.0%, p = 0.003), clinical pregnancy rate (43.8% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.018) and live birth rate (38.0% vs. 25.9%, p = 0.004) and significantly lower incidence of miscarriage (11.3% vs. 22.2%, p = 0.044) in comparison to the conventional method of the sperm selection. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION The application of solubilised zonae pellucidae in the sperm selection for ICSI benefits ART outcomes in couples with unexplained infertility. Moreover, sperm-zona selection significantly reduces the risk of miscarriages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rumiana Ganeva
- Research and Development Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Dimitar Parvanov
- Research and Development Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Nina Vidolova
- Research and Development Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Maria Handzhiyska
- Research and Development Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Margarita Ruseva
- Research and Development Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Magdaleva Vasileva
- Embryology Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kristina Nikolova
- Embryology Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivka Ivanova
- Embryology Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Miray Shaban
- Embryology Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Joanna Shabarkova
- Embryology Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Rayna Hristova
- Embryology Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Miladinova
- Embryology Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Stamenov
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Nadezhda Women's Health Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Leung ETY, Lee BKM, Lee CL, Tian X, Lam KKW, Li RHW, Ng EHY, Yeung WSB, Ou JP, Chiu PCN. The role of spermatozoa-zona pellucida interaction in selecting fertilization-competent spermatozoa in humans. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1135973. [PMID: 37020592 PMCID: PMC10067631 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1135973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Human fertilization begins when a capacitated spermatozoon binds to the zona pellucida (ZP) surrounding a mature oocyte. Defective spermatozoa-ZP interaction contributes to male infertility and is a leading cause of reduced fertilization rates in assisted reproduction treatments (ARTs). Human ejaculate contains millions of spermatozoa with varying degrees of fertilization potential and genetic quality, of which only thousands of motile spermatozoa can bind to the ZP at the fertilization site. This observation suggests that human ZP selectively interacts with competitively superior spermatozoa characterized by high fertilizing capability and genetic integrity. However, direct evidence for ZP-mediated sperm selection process is lacking. This study aims to demonstrate that spermatozoa-ZP interaction represents a crucial step in selecting fertilization-competent spermatozoa in humans. ZP-bound and unbound spermatozoa were respectively collected by a spermatozoa-ZP coincubation assay. The time-course data demonstrated that ZP interacted with a small proportion of motile spermatozoa. Heat shock 70 kDa protein 2 (HSPA2) and sperm acrosome associated 3 (SPACA 3) are two protein markers associated with the sperm ZP-binding ability. Immunofluorescent staining indicated that the ZP-bound spermatozoa had significantly higher expression levels of HSPA2 and SPACA3 than the unbound spermatozoa. ZP-bound spermatozoa had a significantly higher level of normal morphology, DNA integrity, chromatin integrity, protamination and global methylation when compared to the unbound spermatozoa. The results validated the possibility of applying spermatozoa-ZP interaction to select fertilization-competent spermatozoa in ART. This highly selective interaction might also provide diagnostic information regarding the fertilization potential and genetic qualities of spermatozoa independent of those derived from the standard semen analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erica T. Y. Leung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Brayden K. M. Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cheuk-Lun Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xinyi Tian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kevin K. W. Lam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Raymond H. W. Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ernest H. Y. Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - William S. B. Yeung
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jian-Ping Ou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Philip C. N. Chiu, ; Jian-Ping Ou,
| | - Philip C. N. Chiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong – Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Philip C. N. Chiu, ; Jian-Ping Ou,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Expression Analysis of Molecular Chaperones Hsp70 and Hsp90 on Development and Metabolism of Different Organs and Testis in Cattle (Cattle-yak and Yak). Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111114. [PMID: 36422254 PMCID: PMC9694778 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hsp70 and Hsp90 play an important role in testis development and spermatogenesis regulation, but the exact connection between Hsp70 and Hsp90 and metabolic stress in cattle is unclear. Here, we focused on the male cattle−yak and yak, investigated the expression and localization of Hsp70 and Hsp90 in their tissues, and explored the influence of these factors on development and metabolism. In our study, a total of 54 cattle (24 cattle−yaks and 30 yaks; aged 1 day to 10 years) were examined. The Hsp90 mRNA of the cattle−yak was first cloned and compared with that of the yak, and variation in the amino acid sequence was found, which led to differences in protein spatial structure. Using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and Western blot (WB) techniques, we investigated whether the expression of Hsp70 and Hsp90 mRNA and protein are different in the cattle−yak and yak. We found a disparity in Hsp70 and Hsp90 mRNA and protein expression in different non-reproductive organs and in testicular tissues at different stages of development, while high expression was observed in the testes of both juveniles and adults. Moreover, it was intriguing to observe that Hsp70 expression was significantly high in the yak, whereas Hsp90 was high in the cattle−yak (p < 0.01). We also examined the location of Hsp70 and Hsp90 in the testis by immunohistochemical (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) techniques, and the results showed that Hsp70 and Hsp90 were positive in the epithelial cells, spermatogenic cells, and mesenchymal cells. In summary, our study proved that Hsp70 and Hsp90 expressions were different in different tissues (kidney, heart, cerebellum, liver, lung, spleen, and testis), and Hsp90 expression was high in the testis of the cattle−yak, suggesting that dysplasia of the cattle−yak may correlate with an over-metabolism of Hsp90.
Collapse
|
6
|
Mohanty G, Jena SR, Kar S, Samanta L. Paternal factors in recurrent pregnancy loss: an insight through analysis of non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in human testis-specific chaperone HSPA2 gene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62219-62234. [PMID: 34845642 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17799-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2) is a testis-specific molecular chaperone of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family and reported to play a key role in spermatogenesis as well as in the remodelling of the sperm surface during capacitation. It is established that mice lacking HSPA2 gene are infertile and spermatozoa that fail to interact with the zona pellucida of the oocyte consistently lack HSPA2 protein expression. However, its role in post fertilization events is not fully understood. Owing to the importance of HSPA2 in male reproduction, the present study is undertaken to reveal the association between genetic mutation and phenotypic variation in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) patients through an in silico prediction analysis. In this study, we used different computational tools and servers such as SIFT, PolyPhen2, PROVEAN, nsSNPAnalyzer, and SNPs & GO to analyse the functional consequences of the nsSNPs in human HSPA2 gene. The most damaging amino acid variants generated were subjected to I-Mutant 2.0 and ConSurf. Post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation mediated by these deleterious nsSNPs were analysed using NetPhos 2.0, and gene-gene interaction study was conducted using GeneMANIA. Finally, in-depth studies of the nsSNPs were studied through Project HOPE. The findings of the study revealed 18 nsSNPs to be deleterious using a combinatorial bioinformatic approach. Further functional analysis suggests that screening of nsSNP variants of HSPA2 that tend to be conserved and has potential to undergo phosphorylation at critical positions (rs764410231, rs200951589, rs756852956) may be useful for predicting outcome in altered reproductive outcome. The physicochemical alterations and its impact on the structural and functional conformity were determined by Project HOPE. Gene-gene interaction depicts its close association with antioxidant enzyme (SOD1) strongly supporting an inefficient oxidative scavenging regulatory mechanism in the spermatozoa of RPL patients as reported earlier. The present study has thus identified high-risk deleterious nsSNPs of HSPA2 gene and would be beneficial in the diagnosis and prognosis of the paternal effects in RPL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Mohanty
- Redox Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India
- Centre for Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Soumya Ranjan Jena
- Redox Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India
- Centre for Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Sujata Kar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Kar Clinic and Hospital Pvt. Ltd., Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Luna Samanta
- Redox Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
- Centre for Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liang J, Zheng Y, Zeng W, Chen L, Yang S, Du P, Wang Y, Yu X, Zhang X. Proteomic Profile of Sperm in Infertile Males Reveals Changes in Metabolic Pathways. Protein J 2021; 40:929-939. [PMID: 34213690 PMCID: PMC8593027 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-021-10013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the differences in the proteomic profiles of sperm from infertile males with severe oligoasthenoteratozoospermia requiring intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and normal control sperm from fertile males. Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation labeling and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed for identifying proteins in the sperm of infertile and fertile males. Differentially expressed proteins were analyzed via the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) databases through the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery, and protein-protein networks were produced using the Search Tool for Retrieval of Interacting Genes. Immunofluorescence and western blotting verified the differential expression of Y-box-binding protein 1(YBX1), adenylate kinase 1 (AK1), and aconitase 2, mitochondrial (ACO2) proteins. Altogether, 3444 proteins were identified in the sperm of infertile and fertile males, and 938 were differentially expressed between the two groups. Pairwise comparisons revealed that 226 and 712 proteins were significantly upregulated and downregulated in infertile males, respectively. These proteins were significantly enriched in metabolic pathways as per KEGG enrichment analysis. YBX1 expression was upregulated in the sperm heads of patients requiring ICSI treatment, whereas AK1 and ACO2, which are critical enzymes involved in energy metabolism, were downregulated in the sperm tails of the same patients. This result indicates that metabolism may have a crucial role in maintaining normal sperm function. Overall, our results provide insights that will further help in investigating the pathogenic mechanisms of infertility and possible therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Liang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, No. 521 Xingnan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China
| | - Yichun Zheng
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, No. 521 Xingnan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China.
| | - Weihong Zeng
- Children Inherit Metabolism and Endocrine Department, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, 511400, China
| | - Liuqing Chen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, No. 521 Xingnan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaofen Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, No. 521 Xingnan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China
| | - Peng Du
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, No. 521 Xingnan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China
| | - Yujiang Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, No. 521 Xingnan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China
| | - Xingsu Yu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, No. 521 Xingnan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, No. 521 Xingnan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cafe SL, Nixon B, Ecroyd H, Martin JH, Skerrett-Byrne DA, Bromfield EG. Proteostasis in the Male and Female Germline: A New Outlook on the Maintenance of Reproductive Health. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:660626. [PMID: 33937261 PMCID: PMC8085359 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.660626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
For fully differentiated, long lived cells the maintenance of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) becomes a crucial determinant of cellular function and viability. Neurons are the most well-known example of this phenomenon where the majority of these cells must survive the entire course of life. However, male and female germ cells are also uniquely dependent on the maintenance of proteostasis to achieve successful fertilization. Oocytes, also long-lived cells, are subjected to prolonged periods of arrest and are largely reliant on the translation of stored mRNAs, accumulated during the growth period, to support meiotic maturation and subsequent embryogenesis. Conversely, sperm cells, while relatively ephemeral, are completely reliant on proteostasis due to the absence of both transcription and translation. Despite these remarkable, cell-specific features there has been little focus on understanding protein homeostasis in reproductive cells and how/whether proteostasis is "reset" during embryogenesis. Here, we seek to capture the momentum of this growing field by highlighting novel findings regarding germline proteostasis and how this knowledge can be used to promote reproductive health. In this review we capture proteostasis in the context of both somatic cell and germline aging and discuss the influence of oxidative stress on protein function. In particular, we highlight the contributions of proteostasis changes to oocyte aging and encourage a focus in this area that may complement the extensive analyses of DNA damage and aneuploidy that have long occupied the oocyte aging field. Moreover, we discuss the influence of common non-enzymatic protein modifications on the stability of proteins in the male germline, how these changes affect sperm function, and how they may be prevented to preserve fertility. Through this review we aim to bring to light a new trajectory for our field and highlight the potential to harness the germ cell's natural proteostasis mechanisms to improve reproductive health. This manuscript will be of interest to those in the fields of proteostasis, aging, male and female gamete reproductive biology, embryogenesis, and life course health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenae L. Cafe
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- Molecular Horizons, School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacinta H. Martin
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David A. Skerrett-Byrne
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G. Bromfield
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Jannatifar R, Cheraghi E, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Piroozmanesh H. Association of heat shock protein A2 expression and sperm quality after N-acetyl-cysteine supplementation in astheno-terato-zoospermic infertile men. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14024. [PMID: 33661545 DOI: 10.1111/and.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In infertile men, reduced expression of heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2) is related to reduced sperm quality and function. The present study has aimed to investigate the effects of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) supplementation on expression of heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2). In this study in continuation of previous study, semen samples from 50 astheno-terato-zoospermic men who have received NAC (600 mg/day) orally for three months were evaluated for expression HSPA2 using RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis. In addition, semen samples of these individuals were assessed for sperm parameters, DNA fragmentation (TUNEL), protamine deficiency (CMA3), lipid peroxidation index (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TCA). All assessment was carried out before and after NAC treatment. In addition to improved sperm parameters and aforementioned functional parameters, the presented results revealed the significant increase in relative expression levels of HSPA2 was obtained after using NAC treatment (p < .05). Correlation analysis also demonstrated that HSPA2 expression is significantly related to most of the assessed parameters. NAC may directly or indecently impose its beneficial effect through increased expression of HSPA2, which plays a potential role in proper folding of element needed to counteract stress condition in infertile individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahil Jannatifar
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR), Qom, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Cheraghi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Qom, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hamid Piroozmanesh
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Academic Center for Education Culture and Research (ACECR), Qom, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Mostek A, Janta A, Ciereszko A. Proteomic comparison of non-sexed and sexed (X-bearing) cryopreserved bull semen. Anim Reprod Sci 2020; 221:106552. [PMID: 32861114 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2020.106552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is widely recognized that quality of spermatozoa in sexed semen (SS) samples is not as great as for conventional, non-sexed semen (NS). There are differences in qualitative and biochemical variables between spermatozoa in NS and SS. Information, however, is lacking on molecular differences, especially concerning spermatozoa proteomic differences is SS and NS. The objective of this study was to compare commercially available NS and SS bull semen by evaluating sperm quality variables in conjunction with a proteomics approach. Results from flow cytometry and computer-assisted sperm analyses indicated there was less sperm motility, viability, mitochondrial potential and acrosome integrity in sperm from SS. Results from proteomic analysis indicated sperm from NS and SS samples were characterized by different protein profiles. There was identification of 70 sperm proteins that differed in abundance and six protein spots that were different in extent of carbonylation. Sperm from SS had altered structures of enzymes involved in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and maintenance of a constant adenylate energy charge. Furthermore, sperm from SS had alterations of several flagella substructures, especially outer dense fiber proteins, which were less abundant and more carbonylated than in sperm from NS. In sperm of SS, compared with NS, there were differences in abundance of proteins involved in capacitation, acrosome reaction and sperm-egg fusion as well as lesser abundances of sperm surface proteins. Results enable a greater understanding of differences between sperm from NS and SS samples, thereby contributing to development of improved protocols for more effective protection of sexed spermatozoa during processing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Mostek
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anna Janta
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Ciereszko
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences in Olsztyn, Tuwima 10, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kurashova NA, Madaeva IM, Kolesnikova LI. Expression of HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins under Oxidative Stress. ADVANCES IN GERONTOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s2079057020010099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
12
|
Cao X, Cui Y, Zhang X, Lou J, Zhou J, Bei H, Wei R. Proteomic profile of human spermatozoa in healthy and asthenozoospermic individuals. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:16. [PMID: 29482568 PMCID: PMC5828484 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0334-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthenozoospermia is considered as a common cause of male infertility and characterized by reduced sperm motility. However, the molecular mechanism that impairs sperm motility remains unknown in most cases. In the present review, we briefly reviewed the proteome of spermatozoa and seminal plasma in asthenozoospermia and considered post-translational modifications in spermatozoa of asthenozoospermia. The reduction of sperm motility in asthenozoospermic patients had been attributed to factors, for instance, energy metabolism dysfunction or structural defects in the sperm-tail protein components and the differential proteins potentially involved in sperm motility such as COX6B, ODF, TUBB2B were described. Comparative proteomic analysis open a window to discover the potential pathogenic mechanisms of asthenozoospermia and the biomarkers with clinical significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Yun Cui
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Jiangtao Lou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Huafeng Bei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, 315000, China
| | - Renxiong Wei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, 315000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Intasqui P, Agarwal A, Sharma R, Samanta L, Bertolla RP. Towards the identification of reliable sperm biomarkers for male infertility: A sperm proteomic approach. Andrologia 2017; 50. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- P. Intasqui
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland OH USA
- Department of Surgery; Division of Urology; Human Reproduction Section; Sao Paulo Federal University - Sao Paulo Hospital; Sao Paulo Brazil
| | - A. Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland OH USA
| | - R. Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine; Cleveland Clinic; Cleveland OH USA
| | - L. Samanta
- Department of Zoology; Ravenshaw University; Cuttack India
| | - R. P. Bertolla
- Department of Surgery; Division of Urology; Human Reproduction Section; Sao Paulo Federal University - Sao Paulo Hospital; Sao Paulo Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sabeti P, Amidi F, Kalantar SM, Sedighi Gilani MA, Pourmasumi S, Najafi A, Talebi AR. Evaluation of intracellular anion superoxide level, heat shock protein A2 and protamine positive spermatozoa percentages in teratoasthenozoospermia. Int J Reprod Biomed 2017. [DOI: 10.29252/ijrm.15.5.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
|
15
|
Heat Shock Protein A2 (HSPA2): Regulatory Roles in Germ Cell Development and Sperm Function. ADVANCES IN ANATOMY, EMBRYOLOGY, AND CELL BIOLOGY 2017; 222:67-93. [PMID: 28389751 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-51409-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Among the numerous families of heat shock protein (HSP) that have been implicated in the regulation of reproductive system development and function, those belonging to the 70 kDa HSP family have emerged as being indispensable for male fertility. In particular, the testis-enriched heat shock 70 kDa protein 2 (HSPA2) has been shown to be critical for the progression of germ cell differentiation during spermatogenesis in the mouse model. Beyond this developmentally important window, mounting evidence has also implicated HSPA2 in the functional transformation of the human sperm cell during their ascent of the female reproductive tract. Specifically, HSPA2 appears to coordinate the remodelling of specialised sperm domains overlying the anterior region of the sperm head compatible with their principle role in oocyte recognition. The fact that levels of the HSPA2 protein in mature spermatozoa tightly correlate with the efficacy of oocyte binding highlight its utility as a powerful prognostic biomarker of male fertility. In this chapter, we consider the unique structural and biochemical characteristics of HSPA2 that enable this heat shock protein to fulfil its prominent roles in orchestrating the morphological differentiation of male germ cells during spermatogenesis as well as their functional transformation during post-testicular sperm maturation.
Collapse
|
16
|
Borgmann J, Tüttelmann F, Dworniczak B, Röpke A, Song HW, Kliesch S, Wilkinson MF, Laurentino S, Gromoll J. The human RHOX gene cluster: target genes and functional analysis of gene variants in infertile men. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:4898-4910. [PMID: 28171660 PMCID: PMC6281360 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The X-linked reproductive homeobox (RHOX) gene cluster encodes transcription factors preferentially expressed in reproductive tissues. This gene cluster has important roles in male fertility based on phenotypic defects of Rhox-mutant mice and the finding that aberrant RHOX promoter methylation is strongly associated with abnormal human sperm parameters. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism of RHOX function in humans. Using gene expression profiling, we identified genes regulated by members of the human RHOX gene cluster. Some genes were uniquely regulated by RHOXF1 or RHOXF2/2B, while others were regulated by both of these transcription factors. Several of these regulated genes encode proteins involved in processes relevant to spermatogenesis; e.g. stress protection and cell survival. One of the target genes of RHOXF2/2B is RHOXF1, suggesting cross-regulation to enhance transcriptional responses. The potential role of RHOX in human infertility was addressed by sequencing all RHOX exons in a group of 250 patients with severe oligozoospermia. This revealed two mutations in RHOXF1 (c.515G > A and c.522C > T) and four in RHOXF2/2B (-73C > G, c.202G > A, c.411C > T and c.679G > A), of which only one (c.202G > A) was found in a control group of men with normal sperm concentration. Functional analysis demonstrated that c.202G > A and c.679G > A significantly impaired the ability of RHOXF2/2B to regulate downstream genes. Molecular modelling suggested that these mutations alter RHOXF2/F2B protein conformation. By combining clinical data with in vitro functional analysis, we demonstrate how the X-linked RHOX gene cluster may function in normal human spermatogenesis and we provide evidence that it is impaired in human male fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Borgmann
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Hye-Won Song
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Sabine Kliesch
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Miles F. Wilkinson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, USA
| | - Sandra Laurentino
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jörg Gromoll
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nixon B, Bromfield EG, Dun MD, Redgrove KA, McLaughlin EA, Aitken RJ. The role of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2) in regulating human sperm-egg recognition. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:568-73. [PMID: 25865850 PMCID: PMC4492046 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.151395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most common lesions present in the spermatozoa of human infertility patients is an idiopathic failure of sperm-egg recognition. Although this unique cellular interaction can now be readily by-passed by assisted reproductive strategies such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), recent large-scale epidemiological studies have encouraged the cautious use of this technology and highlighted the need for further research into the mechanisms responsible for defective sperm-egg recognition. Previous work in this field has established that the sperm domains responsible for oocyte interaction are formed during spermatogenesis prior to being dynamically modified during epididymal maturation and capacitation in female reproductive tract. While the factors responsible for the regulation of these sequential maturational events are undoubtedly complex, emerging research has identified the molecular chaperone, heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2), as a key regulator of these events in human spermatozoa. HSPA2 is a testis-enriched member of the 70 kDa heat shock protein family that promotes the folding, transport, and assembly of protein complexes and has been positively correlated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) success. Furthermore, reduced expression of HSPA2 from the human sperm proteome leads to an impaired capacity for cumulus matrix dispersal, sperm-egg recognition and fertilization following both IVF and ICSI. In this review, we consider the evidence supporting the role of HSPA2 in sperm function and explore the potential mechanisms by which it is depleted in the spermatozoa of infertile patients. Such information offers novel insights into the molecular mechanisms governing sperm function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science; Priority Research Centre in Chemical Biology, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Agarwal A, Bertolla RP, Samanta L. Sperm proteomics: potential impact on male infertility treatment. Expert Rev Proteomics 2016; 13:285-96. [DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2016.1151357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
|
19
|
Testis-enriched heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2): Adaptive advantages of the birds with internal testes over the mammals with testicular descent. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18770. [PMID: 26733092 PMCID: PMC4702119 DOI: 10.1038/srep18770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular chaperone heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2), a member of the 70 kDa heat shock protein (HSP70) family, plays an important role in spermatogenesis and male fertility. Although HSPA2 is evolutionarily highly conserved across the metazoan lineages, the observation of striking differences in temperature-sensitive expressions, testicular physiology, spermatogenesis, as well as its role in male fertility indicates that avian and mammalian HSPA2 may exhibit distinct evolutionary trajectory. The present study reports that while mammalian HSPA2 is constrained by intense purifying selection, avian HSPA2 has been subjected to positive selection. The majority of the positively selected amino acid residues fall on the α-helix and β-sheets of the peptide-binding domain located at the carboxyl-terminal region of the avian HSPA2. The detection of positively selected sites at the helix and β-sheets, which are less tolerant to molecular adaptation, indicates an important functional consequence and contribution to the structural and functional diversification of the avian HSPA2. Collectively, avian HSPA2 may have an adaptive advantage over the mammals in response to heat stress, and therefore, mammals with testicular descent may be at a greater risk in the event of scrotal temperature rise.
Collapse
|
20
|
Bromfield E, Aitken RJ, Nixon B. Novel characterization of the HSPA2-stabilizing protein BAG6 in human spermatozoa. Mol Hum Reprod 2015; 21:755-69. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gav041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
21
|
Hashemitabar M, Sabbagh S, Orazizadeh M, Ghadiri A, Bahmanzadeh M. A proteomic analysis on human sperm tail: comparison between normozoospermia and asthenozoospermia. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:853-63. [PMID: 25825237 PMCID: PMC4491089 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0465-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Asthenozoospermia is a common cause of human male infertility characterized by reduced sperm motility. The molecular mechanism that impairs sperm motility is not fully understood. This study proposed to identify novel biomarkers by focusing on sperm tail proteomic analysis of asthenozoospermic patients. METHODS Sperm were isolated from normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic semen samples. Tail fractions were obtained by sonication followed by Percoll gradient. The proteins were extracted by solubilization and subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE); then, the spots were analyzed using Image Master 2D Platinum software. The significantly increased/decreased amounts of proteins in the two groups were exploited by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time-of-flight/time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF-TOF) mass spectrometry. RESULTS Three hundred ninety protein spots were detected in both groups. Twenty-one protein spots that had significantly altered amounts (p < 0.05) were excised and exploited using MALDI-TOF-TOF mass spectrometry. They led to the identification of the following 14 unique proteins: Tubulin beta 2B; glutathione S-transferase Mu 3; keratin, type II cytoskeletal 1; outer dense fiber protein 2; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2; A-kinase anchor protein 4; cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B; sperm protein associated with the nucleus on the X chromosome B; phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase-mitochondrial; isoaspartyl peptidase/L-asparaginase; heat shock-related 70 kDa protein 2; stress-70 protein, mitochondrial; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, testis-specific and clusterin. CONCLUSION Fourteen proteins present in different amounts in asthenozoospermic sperm tail samples were identified, four of which are reported here for the first time. These proteins might be used as markers for the better diagnosis of sperm dysfunctions, targets for male contraceptive development, and to predict embryo quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Hashemitabar
- />Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Susan Sabbagh
- />Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Orazizadeh
- />Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Atta Ghadiri
- />Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Bahmanzadeh
- />Endometrium and Endometriosis Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Scieglinska D, Krawczyk Z. Expression, function, and regulation of the testis-enriched heat shock HSPA2 gene in rodents and humans. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:221-35. [PMID: 25344376 PMCID: PMC4326386 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-014-0548-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The HSPA2 gene is a poorly characterized member of the HSPA (HSP70) family. HSPA2 was originally described as testis-specific and expressed at the highest level in pachytene spermatocytes of rodents, the expression of which is not induced by heat shock. HSPA2 is crucial for male fertility. However, recent advances have shown that HSPA2 is expressed in various tumors and in certain types of somatic tissues. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the HSPA2 expression pattern, including information on transcriptional, translational, posttranslational, and epigenetic mechanisms which regulate HSPA2 expression. We also present and discuss the current views concerning the functions of the HSPA2 protein in spermatogenetic, somatic, and cancer cells. The knowledge of the properties of HSPA2, although limited, shows this protein as a unique member of the HSPA family. However, understanding whether this protein could become a relevant cancer biomarker or a therapeutically applicable target requires extensive further studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Scieglinska
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101, Gliwice, Poland,
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Savadi-Shiraz E, Edalatkhah H, Talebi S, Heidari-Vala H, Zandemami M, Pahlavan S, Modarressi MH, Akhondi MM, Paradowska-Dogan A, Sadeghi MR. Quantification of sperm specific mRNA transcripts (PRM1, PRM2
, and TNP2
) in teratozoospermia and normozoospermia: New correlations between mRNA content and morphology of sperm. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 82:26-35. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Savadi-Shiraz
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center; Avicenna Research Institute; ACECR; Tehran Iran
- Department of Urology; Pediatric Urology and Andrology; Section Molecular Andrology; Justus Liebig University; Giessen Germany
| | - Haleh Edalatkhah
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center; Avicenna Research Institute; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | - Saeed Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics; Faculty of Medicine; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Hamed Heidari-Vala
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center; Avicenna Research Institute; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | - Mahdi Zandemami
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center; Avicenna Research Institute; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | - Somayeh Pahlavan
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center; Avicenna Research Institute; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mehdi Akhondi
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center; Avicenna Research Institute; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| | - Agnieszka Paradowska-Dogan
- Department of Urology; Pediatric Urology and Andrology; Section Molecular Andrology; Justus Liebig University; Giessen Germany
| | - Mohammad Reza Sadeghi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center; Avicenna Research Institute; ACECR; Tehran Iran
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Mohanty
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Orissa, India
| | - Nirlipta Swain
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Orissa, India
| | - Luna Samanta
- Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Orissa, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Depression of HspA2 in human testis is associated with spermatogenic impairment and fertilization rate in ICSI treatment for azoospermic individuals. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:1687-93. [PMID: 25308252 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Heat shock protein A2 (HspA2) expression was quantitatively measured in human testis and its relationship with the spermatogenetic status and laboratory outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was investigated. METHODS Testicular tissues of azoospermia men were divided into four groups according to histopahtology: normal spermatogenesiss, hypospermatogenesis, maturation arrest and Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS). HspA2 immunostaining was measured by Image Pro-Plus (IPP) and laboratory outcomes were calculated. The regression analysis between HspA2 expression and Johnsen score of as well as fertilization, cleavage and high quality embryo rate was performed. RESULTS HspA2 was strongly present in the cytoplasm of spermatocytes and spermatides in normal testis. However, hypospermatogenesis and maturation arrest testicular tissues demonstrated light staining and no staining for SCOS. Quantitative image analysis showed that there were significant differences among groups (P = 0.000 & P = 0.001). HspA2 exspression was founded significantly correlated spermatogenetic status (R(2) = 0.726, P = 0.000) as well as fertilization rate in ICSI (R(2) = 0.569, P = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS The fertilization rate with ICSI is associated with HspA2 expression in the testis from which sperm retrieved and the alteration of HspA2 expression has been involved in spermatogenic impairment.
Collapse
|
26
|
Afiyani AA, Deemeh MR, Tavalaee M, Razi M, Bahadorani M, Shokrollahi B, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Evaluation of heat-shock protein A2 (HSPA2) in male rats before and after varicocele induction. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:766-76. [PMID: 25043441 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Varicocele is a major cause of infertility and may impair spermatogenesis. This study evaluated the molecular consequences of varicocele on the induction of heat-shock proteins, intracellular chaperones involved in stress responses, and of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, which is participates in the removal of defective sperm in the testis and epididymis. Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: surgically induced left varicocele, sham-operated, and untreated controls. Two months after surgery, we observed significantly reduced sperm parameters, DNA integrity, and protamine content in the sperm retrieved from the left epididymis compared to the right epididymis in the varicocele group, as well as compared to sperm retrieved from the left epididymis of the sham and control groups. According to Western blot analysis, we observed significantly higher HSPA2 expression in testicular tissue from the left testis compared to the right testis in the varicocele group or the left testis of the control group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that expression of HSPA2 was higher in the round spermatid and sperm from the left varicocele compared to the control group. There was normally less HSPA2 expressed in the caput and corpus compared to the cauda of the epididymis in the control group, but this pattern was altered in the caput epididymis of the varicocele group. Levels of ubiquitination were also remarkably lower in the left testis of the varicocele group. Therefore, varicocele impacts expression of HSPA2 and ubiquitination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afsoon Atrian Afiyani
- Department of Reproductive Biotechnology at Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kurdistan, Iran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Molecular chaperones, cochaperones, and ubiquitination/deubiquitination system: involvement in the production of high quality spermatozoa. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:561426. [PMID: 25045686 PMCID: PMC4089148 DOI: 10.1155/2014/561426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is a complex process in which mitosis, meiosis, and cell differentiation events coexist. The need to guarantee the production of qualitatively functional spermatozoa has evolved into several control systems that check spermatogenesis progression/sperm maturation and tag aberrant gametes for degradation. In this review, we will focus on the importance of the evolutionarily conserved molecular pathways involving molecular chaperones belonging to the superfamily of heat shock proteins (HSPs), their cochaperones, and ubiquitination/deubiquitination system all over the spermatogenetic process. In this respect, we will discuss the conserved role played by the DNAJ protein Msj-1 (mouse sperm cell-specific DNAJ first homologue) and the deubiquitinating enzyme Ubpy (ubiquitin-specific processing protease-y) during the spermiogenesis in both mammals and nonmammalian vertebrates.
Collapse
|
28
|
Bosler JS, Davies KP, Neal-Perry GS. Peptides in seminal fluid and their role in infertility: a potential role for opiorphin inhibition of neutral endopeptidase activity as a clinically relevant modulator of sperm motility: a review. Reprod Sci 2014; 21:1334-40. [PMID: 24855109 DOI: 10.1177/1933719114536473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Infertility is a devastating medical condition that adversely affects emotional health and well-being of couples who desire pregnancy and parenthood. The overall demographic data suggest that the indication for more than one-third of assisted reproductive technology cycles performed in the United States includes male factor infertility. There is increasing recognition of the role that peptides present in seminal plasma have in determining sperm motility. Several recent studies suggest that peptidases, such as neutral endopeptidase (NEP) and aminopeptidase N (APN), impose significant adverse effects on sperm motility. Interestingly, several recent studies demonstrate that there is an endogenous NEP/APN inhibitor peptide called opiorphin in human seminal plasma. Our pilot studies suggest opiorphin promotes sperm motility and may positively influence sperm motility parameters in some cases of males infertility characterized by asthenozoospermia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayme S Bosler
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA Montefiore Medical Center Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Health, Hartsdale, NY, USA
| | - Kelvin P Davies
- Department of Urology and Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Genevieve S Neal-Perry
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women's Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA Montefiore Medical Center Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Health, Hartsdale, NY, USA Dominick Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Özdemirler Erata G, Küçükgergin C, Aktan G, Kadioglu A, Uysal M, Koçak-Toker N. Is thioredoxin reductase involved in the defense against DNA fragmentation in varicocele? Asian J Androl 2013; 15:518-22. [PMID: 23603921 DOI: 10.1038/aja.2013.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the role of thioredoxin reductase (TR) and inducible heat shock protein 70 (iHsp70) and their relationship with sperm quality in varicocele (VAR) patients. Semen samples were obtained from 16 subfertile men diagnosed as VAR and 10 fertile men who applied to the Andrology Laboratory of Istanbul Medical Faculty of Istanbul University. The sperm TR and iHsp 70 expression levels were determined using Western blot analysis. The TR activity of the sperm was assayed spectrophometrically. The sperm quality was evaluated both by conventional sperm analysis and by a terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) technique that assayed DNA-fragmented spermatozoa in semen samples. The percentage of TUNEL-positive spermatozoa in the VAR group (16.3%± 5.6%) was higher than that in the fertile group (5.5%± 1.9%). Significant inverse correlations were detected between the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells and both the concentration (r=-0.609; P=0.001) and motility (r=-0.550; P=0.004) of spermatozoa. Both the TR expression and activity were increased significantly in the VAR group (U=22.0; P=0.001 and U=33.5; P=0.012, respectively) as analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U Wilcoxon rank sum W test. Furthermore, significant positive correlations were found between TR expression and activity (r=0.406; P=0.040) and between TR expression and the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells (r=0.665; P=0.001). Sperm iHsp70 expression did not differ between the VAR and fertile groups. In conclusion, increased sperm TR expression might be a defense mechanism against apoptosis in the spermatozoa of men with VAR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gül Özdemirler Erata
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Medical Faculty, University of Istanbul, Çapa, 34093, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abu-Halima M, Hammadeh M, Schmitt J, Leidinger P, Keller A, Meese E, Backes C. Altered microRNA expression profiles of human spermatozoa in patients with different spermatogenic impairments. Fertil Steril 2013; 99:1249-1255.e16. [PMID: 23312218 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2012.11.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether microRNAs are differentially expressed in men with normal versus impaired spermatogenesis, and to find a biomarker for accurate diagnosis of male infertility. DESIGN Microarray with real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) validation. SETTING University research and clinical institutes. PATIENT(S) Male partner of selected couples (n = 27) who were undergoing assisted reproduction techniques for infertility treatment. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Statistically significantly altered microRNA expression profiles in normozoospermic versus asthenozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic men. RESULT(S) There were 50 miRNAs up-regulated and 27 miRNAs down-regulated in asthenozoospermic males. In oligoasthenozoospermic males, 42 miRNAs were up-regulated and 44 miRNAs down-regulated when compared with normozoospermic males. The miRNAs that exhibited the highest fold changes and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were miR-34b, miR-122, and miR-1973 in samples from asthenozoospermic men and miR-34b, miR-34b*, miR-15b, miR-34c-5p, miR-122, miR-449a, miR-1973, miR-16, and miR-19a in samples from oligoasthenozoospermic men. Furthermore, quantitative RT-PCR assays on specific miRNAs, including miR-141, miR-200a, miR-122, miR-34b, miR-34c-5p, and miR-16, yielded results that were largely consistent with the microarray data. CONCLUSION(S) Our results reveal an extended number of miRNAs that were differentially expressed in asthenozoospermic and oligoasthenozoospermic males compared with normozoospermic males. These data provide evidence for analysis of miRNA profiles as a future diagnosing tool for male infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masood Abu-Halima
- Department of Human Genetics, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Motiei M, Tavalaee M, Rabiei F, Hajihosseini R, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Evaluation of HSPA2 in fertile and infertile individuals. Andrologia 2012; 45:66-72. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2012.01315.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - M. Tavalaee
- Department of Reproduction and Development, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center; Royan Institute of Biotechnology, ACECR; Isfahan; Iran
| | - F. Rabiei
- Department of Cell & Molecular Biotechnology, Cell Sciences Research Center; Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR; Isfahan; Iran
| | - R. Hajihosseini
- Department of Biochemistry; Payame Noor University; Tehran; Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Li C, Zhou X. Gene transcripts in spermatozoa: markers of male infertility. Clin Chim Acta 2012; 413:1035-8. [PMID: 22445828 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a complex population of gene transcripts in mature human sperm is well established, and numerous mRNAs and non-coding mRNAs have been identified in sperm of men and other mammalian species using microarray and RT-PCR. The traditional concept that RNAs in mature sperm are only remnants from spermatogenesis and have no biological functions is in doubt. The findings that reverse transcriptases in sperm are active and that sperm can independently activate translation of stored mRNAs suggest that sperm RNAs may have significant effects on male fertility. The differences in expression profiles among RNAs in mature sperm from fertile and infertile men, and the regulation of sperm RNAs in embryonic development make them appealing markers for therapeutic and diagnostic tools in male infertility. In this review, methods for the detection and description of the diversity of gene transcript in sperm are discussed along with their putative roles in functional aspects of sperm and in embryogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunjin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, PR China
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Filipczak PT, Piglowski W, Glowala-Kosinska M, Krawczyk Z, Scieglinska D. HSPA2 overexpression protects V79 fibroblasts against bortezomib-induced apoptosis. Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 90:224-31. [PMID: 22397456 DOI: 10.1139/o11-083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human HSPA2 is a member of the HSPA (HSP70) family of heat-shock proteins, encoded by the gene originally described as testis-specific. Recently, it has been reported that HSPA2 can be also expressed in human somatic tissues in a cell-type specific manner. The aim of the present study was to find out whether HSPA2 can increase the resistance of somatic cells to the toxic effect of heat shock, proteasome inhibitors, and several anticancer cytostatics. We used a Chinese hamster fibroblast V79 cell line because these cells do not express the HSPA2 and cytoprotective HSPA1 proteins under normal culture conditions and show limited ability to express HSPA1 in response to heat shock and proteasome inhibitors. We established, by retroviral gene transfer, a stable V79/HSPA2 cell line, which constitutively overexpressed HSPA2 protein. The major observation of our study was that HSPA2 increased long-term survival of cells subjected to heat shock and proteasome inhibitors. We found, that HSPA2 confers resistance to bortezomib-induced apoptosis. Thus, we showed for the first time that in somatic cells HSPA2 can be a part of a system protecting cells against cytotoxic stimuli inducing proteotoxic stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Teodor Filipczak
- Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Gliwice, Poland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jodar M, Kalko S, Castillo J, Ballescà JL, Oliva R. Differential RNAs in the sperm cells of asthenozoospermic patients. Hum Reprod 2012; 27:1431-8. [PMID: 22353264 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/des021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in RNAs present in sperm have been identified using microarrays in teratozoospermic patients and in other types of infertile patients. However, so far, there have been no reports on using microarrays to determine the RNA content of sperm from asthenozoospermic patients. METHODS We started the present project with the goal of characterizing the RNA abundance in the sperm cells of asthenozoospermic patients when compared with controls. To reach this objective, we initially selected four normal fertile donors and four asthenozoospermic infertile patients. Equal amounts of RNA were extracted from the sperm samples, subjected to different quality controls and hybridized to the Affymetrix U133 Plus version 2 arrays. RESULTS Several transcripts were identified that were present in different abundance in patients compared with controls. Subsequently, we validated the differential expression of three of the detected transcripts (ANXA2, BRD2 and OAZ3), using real-time PCR in a larger set of samples. A positive correlation between the expression of these transcripts and progressive motility was observed. CONCLUSIONS The sperm cells of asthenozoospermic patients contain an altered amount of some RNAs as detected using microarray analysis and subsequently validated using real-time PCR. These results open up the possibility to investigate the implication of these genes in the pathogenic mechanisms in asthenozoospermia and to consider their potential utility as infertility biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meritxell Jodar
- Human Genetics Research Group, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Hospital Clínic, C/Casanova 143, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cavalcanti MCO, Failling K, Schuppe HC, Bergmann M, Stalf T, Weidner W, Steger K. Validation of reference genes in human testis and ejaculate. Andrologia 2011; 43:361-7. [PMID: 21714797 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0272.2010.01076.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta-actin (ACTB), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GAPD), Heat Shock Protein 1, beta (HSPCB) and Adenosine Triphosphate subunit 5 beta (ATP5B) with distinct functional characteristics and expression patterns were investigated as suitable references for gene expression studies. We determined the expression stability of the four reference genes in ejaculates, cryopreserved as well as fixed and paraffin-embedded testicular tissue (from fertile and subfertile men) applying real-time qRT-PCR and statistical analysis. The mean gene expressions (mean Ct value) were compared for each gene between the fertile and subfertile donors by using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. We did not observe significant statistical differences between variability of genes. To detect random effects, we used the two-way analysis of variance with a hierarchical model. The results show no significant statistical differences between proband and repetition within the probands. Taken together, we concluded that ACTB, GAPD, HSPCB and ATP5B have a variable expression within these samples, but this variability is not statistically significant. This finding demonstrated that all these genes could be appropriated for further studies on gene expression in ejaculate and testis tissue. Therefore, the selection of the suitable reference genes is highly specific for a particular experimental model and validation for each situation, on an individual basis, is a crucial requirement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C O Cavalcanti
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Belleannee C, Belghazi M, Labas V, Teixeira-Gomes AP, Gatti JL, Dacheux JL, Dacheux F. Purification and identification of sperm surface proteins and changes during epididymal maturation. Proteomics 2011; 11:1952-64. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201000662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 11/29/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
|
37
|
Scieglinska D, Piglowski W, Chekan M, Mazurek A, Krawczyk Z. Differential expression of HSPA1 and HSPA2 proteins in human tissues; tissue microarray-based immunohistochemical study. Histochem Cell Biol 2011; 135:337-50. [PMID: 21373891 PMCID: PMC3063884 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0791-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the present study we determined the expression pattern of HSPA1 and HSPA2 proteins in various normal human tissues by tissue-microarray based immunohistochemical analysis. Both proteins belong to the HSPA (HSP70) family of heat shock proteins. The HSPA2 is encoded by the gene originally defined as testis-specific, while HSPA1 is encoded by the stress-inducible genes (HSPA1A and HSPA1B). Our study revealed that both proteins are expressed only in some tissues from the 24 ones examined. HSPA2 was detected in adrenal gland, bronchus, cerebellum, cerebrum, colon, esophagus, kidney, skin, small intestine, stomach and testis, but not in adipose tissue, bladder, breast, cardiac muscle, diaphragm, liver, lung, lymph node, pancreas, prostate, skeletal muscle, spleen, thyroid. Expression of HSPA1 was detected in adrenal gland, bladder, breast, bronchus, cardiac muscle, esophagus, kidney, prostate, skin, but not in other tissues examined. Moreover, HSPA2 and HSPA1 proteins were found to be expressed in a cell-type-specific manner. The most pronounced cell-type expression pattern was found for HSPA2 protein. In the case of stratified squamous epithelia of the skin and esophagus, as well as in ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining respiratory tract, the HSPA2 positive cells were located in the basal layer. In the colon, small intestine and bronchus epithelia HSPA2 was detected in goblet cells. In adrenal gland cortex HSPA2 expression was limited to cells of zona reticularis. The presented results clearly show that certain human tissues constitutively express varying levels of HSPA1 and HSPA2 proteins in a highly differentiated way. Thus, our study can help designing experimental models suitable for cell- and tissue-type-specific functional differences between HSPA2 and HSPA1 proteins in human tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Scieglinska
- Center For Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeże Armii Krajowej 15, Gliwice, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Henderson H, Macleod G, Hrabchak C, Varmuza S. New candidate targets of protein phosphatase-1c-gamma-2 in mouse testis revealed by a differential phosphoproteome analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 34:339-51. [PMID: 20618881 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2010.01085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Reversible phosphorylation has been implicated in many developmental processes. Dephosphorylation is mediated by several families of phosphatases, including type 1 serine/threonine phosphatases (protein phosphatase-1 or PP1). The loss of the murine Ppp1cc gene causes male infertility as a result of impaired spermatogenesis. Ppp1cc encodes two splice isoforms, PPP1CC1 and PPP1CC2, with the latter being the most abundant isoform in the testis. However, the details of PPP1CC2's involvement in spermatogenesis are still unknown. As a phosphatase has been removed from the mutant mouse, a search for hyperphosphorylated proteins in the mutant testis may reveal the direct downstream targets of PPP1CC2. Using a whole tissue proteomics approach to identify testis-specific dephosphorylation targets of PPP1CC2, we found that two-dimensional electrophoresis identified 10 potential targets in the Ppp1cc null testis several of which are factors known to be important for spermatogenesis, such as HSPA2. Another potential target, tubulin, was found to be misregulated during Ppp1cc(-/-) spermatogenesis, disrupting manchette development. This work represents the first survey of the testicular phosphoproteome under pathological conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Henderson
- Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
MOV10L1 is necessary for protection of spermatocytes against retrotransposons by Piwi-interacting RNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:11847-52. [PMID: 20547853 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1007158107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) comprise a broad class of small noncoding RNAs that function as an endogenous defense system against transposable elements. Here we show that the putative DExD-box helicase MOV10-like-1 (MOV10L1) is essential for silencing retrotransposons in the mouse male germline. Mov10l1 is specifically expressed in germ cells with increasing expression from gonocytes/type A spermatogonia to pachytene spermatocytes. Primary spermatocytes of Mov10l1(-/-) mice show activation of LTR and LINE-1 retrotransposons, followed by cell death, causing male infertility and a complete block of spermatogenesis at early prophase of meiosis I. Despite the early expression of Mov10l1, germline stem cell maintenance appears unaffected in Mov10l1(-/-) mice. MOV10L1 interacts with the Piwi proteins MILI and MIWI. MOV10L1 also interacts with heat shock 70-kDa protein 2 (HSPA2), a testis-enriched chaperone expressed in pachytene spermatocytes and also essential for male fertility. These studies reveal a crucial role of MOV10L1 in male fertility and piRNA-directed retrotransposon silencing in male germ cells and suggest that MOV10L1 functions as a key component of a safeguard mechanism for the genetic information in male germ cells of mammals.
Collapse
|
40
|
Siva AB, Kameshwari DB, Singh V, Pavani K, Sundaram CS, Rangaraj N, Deenadayal M, Shivaji S. Proteomics-based study on asthenozoospermia: differential expression of proteasome alpha complex. Mol Hum Reprod 2010; 16:452-62. [PMID: 20304782 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaq009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
With a view to understand the molecular basis of sperm motility, we have tried to establish the human sperm proteome by two-dimensional PAGE MALDI MS/MS analysis. We report identification of 75 different proteins in the human spermatozoa. Comparative proteome analysis was carried out for asthenozoospermic and normozoospermic patients to understand the molecular basis of sperm motility. Analysis revealed eight proteins (including one unidentified) with altered intensity between the groups. Differential proteins distributed into three functional groups: 'energy and metabolism' (triose-phosphate isomerase, glycerol kinase 2, testis specific isoform and succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid co-enzyme A transferase 1, mitochondrial precursor); 'movement and organization' (tubulin beta 2C and tektin 1) and 'protein turnover, folding and stress response' (proteasome alpha 3 subunit and heat shock-related 70 kDa protein 2). It was interesting to note that although the proteins falling in the functional group of 'energy and metabolism' are higher in the asthenozoospermic patients, the other two functional groups contain proteins, which are higher in the normozoospermic samples. Validation of results carried out for proteasome alpha 3 subunit by immunoblotting and confocal microscopy, confirmed significant changes in intensity of proteasome alpha 3 subunit in asthenozoospermic samples when compared with normozoospermic controls. Significant positive correlation too was found between proteasome alpha 3 subunit levels and rapid, linear progressive motility of the spermatozoa. In our understanding, this data would contribute appreciably to the presently limited information available about the proteins implicated in human sperm motility.
Collapse
|
41
|
Wilkerson DC, Sarge KD. RNA polymerase II interacts with the Hspa1b promoter in mouse epididymal spermatozoa. Reproduction 2009; 137:923-9. [PMID: 19336471 DOI: 10.1530/rep-09-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Hspa1b (Hsp70.1) gene is one of the first genes expressed after fertilization, with expression occurring during the minor zygotic genome activation (ZGA) in the absence of stress. This expression can take place in the male pronucleus as early as the one-cell stage of embryogenesis. The importance of HSPA1B for embryonic viability during times of stress is supported by studies showing that depletion of this protein results in a significant reduction in embryos developing to the blastocyte stage. Recently, we have begun addressing the mechanism responsible for allowing expression of Hspa1b during the minor ZGA and found that heat shock transcription factor (HSF) 1 and 2 bind the Hspa1b promoter during late spermatogenesis. In this report, we have extended those studies using western blots and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and found that RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is present in epididymal spermatozoa and bound to the Hspa1b promoter. These present results, in addition to our previous results, support a model in which the binding of HSF1, HSF2, SP1, and Pol II to the promoter of Hspa1b would allow the rapid formation of a transcription-competent state during the minor ZGA, thereby allowing Hspa1b expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donald C Wilkerson
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
|
43
|
Scieglińska D, Pigłowski W, Mazurek A, Małusecka E, Zebracka J, Filipczak P, Krawczyk Z. The HspA2 protein localizes in nucleoli and centrosomes of heat shocked cancer cells. J Cell Biochem 2008; 104:2193-206. [PMID: 18452162 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The human HSPA2 gene, which belongs to the HSP70 family of heat shock genes, is a counterpart of rodent testis-specific HspA2 gene. Rodent genes are expressed mainly in pachytene spermatocytes, while transcripts of human HSPA2 gene have been detected in various normal somatic tissues, albeit translation of the messenger RNA into corresponding protein has not been yet unambiguously demonstrated, except for several cancer cell lines. The aim of our work, a first step in search for HspA2 function in cancer cells, was to establish its intracellular localization at physiological temperature and during heat shock. First, we used qRT-PCR and a highly specific antibody to select cell lines with the highest expression of the HspA2 protein, which turned out to be A549 and NCI-H1299 lines originating from non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Significant expression of the HspA2 was also detected by immunohistochemistry in primary NSCLC specimens. Intracellular localization of the HspA2 was studied using both the specific anti-HspA2 polyclonal antibody and transfection of cells with fusion proteins HspA2-EGFP and mRFP-HspA2. We found that, at physiological temperature, the HspA2 was localized primarily in cytoplasm whereas, during heat shock, localization shifted to nucleus and nucleoli. Moreover, we demonstrate that in heat-shocked cells HspA2 accumulated in centrosomes. Our results suggest that the HspA2, like Hsp70 protein, can be involved in protecting nucleoli and centrosomes integrity in cancer cells subjected to heat shock and, possibly, other cellular stressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Scieglińska
- Department of Tumor Biology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Gliwice Branch, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Martínez-Heredia J, de Mateo S, Vidal-Taboada JM, Ballescà JL, Oliva R. Identification of proteomic differences in asthenozoospermic sperm samples. Hum Reprod 2008; 23:783-91. [PMID: 18281682 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 216] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthenozoospermia is one of the most common findings present in infertile males, but its aetiology remains unknown in most cases. Present proteomic tools now offer the opportunity to identify proteins which are differentially expressed in asthenozoospermic semen samples and potentially involved in infertility. METHODS We compared the expression of 101 sperm protein spots in 20 asthenozoospermic samples to that of 10 semen donor controls using two-dimensional proteomic analysis. RESULTS Seventeen protein spots have been identified at different amounts in the asthenozoospermic samples compared with controls. These are cytoskeletal actin-B, annexin-A5, cytochrome C oxidase-6B, histone H2A, prolactin-inducible protein and precursor, calcium binding protein-S100A9 (2 spots), clusterin precursor, dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase precursor, fumarate hydratase precursor, heat shock protein-HSPA2, inositol-1 monophosphatase, 3-mercapto-pyruvate sulfurtransferase/dienoyl-CoA isomerase precursor, proteasome subunit-PSMB3, semenogelin 1 precursor and testis expressed sequence 12. The detected amount of these proteins enabled the grouping of asthenozoospermic sperm samples in an unsupervised clustering analysis. CONCLUSIONS We have identified several proteins present at different amount in asthenozoospermic sperm samples. These proteins could be candidates towards the development of diagnostic markers, and open up the opportunity to gain further insight into the pathogenic mechanisms involved in asthenozoospermia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Martínez-Heredia
- Human Genetics Research Group, Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lefièvre L, Chen Y, Conner SJ, Scott JL, Publicover SJ, Ford WCL, Barratt CLR. Human spermatozoa contain multiple targets for protein S-nitrosylation: an alternative mechanism of the modulation of sperm function by nitric oxide? Proteomics 2007; 7:3066-84. [PMID: 17683036 PMCID: PMC2777308 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200700254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) enhances human sperm motility and capacitation associated with increased protein phosphorylation. NO activates soluble guanylyl cyclase, but can also modify protein function covalently via S-nitrosylation of cysteine. Remarkably, this mechanism remains unexplored in sperm although they depend on post-translational protein modification to achieve changes in function required for fertilisation. Our objective was to identify targets for S-nitrosylation in human sperm. Spermatozoa were incubated with NO donors and S-nitrosylated proteins were identified using the biotin switch assay and a proteomic approach using MS/MS. 240 S-nitrosylated proteins were detected in sperm incubated with S-nitroso-glutathione. Minimal levels were observed in glutathione or untreated samples. Proteins identified consistently based on multiple peptides included established targets for S-nitrosylation in other cells e.g. tubulin, GST and HSPs but also novel targets including A-kinase anchoring protein (AKAP) types 3 and 4, voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 and semenogelin 1 and 2. In situ localisation revealed S-nitrosylated targets on the postacrosomal region of the head and throughout the flagellum. Potential targets for S-nitrosylation in human sperm include physiologically significant proteins not previously reported in other cells. Their identification will provide novel insight into the mechanism of action of NO in spermatozoa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Lefièvre
- Reproductive Biology and Genetics Group, Division of Reproductive and Child Health, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Yongjian Chen
- The Center of Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China, 100083
| | - Sarah J Conner
- Reproductive Biology and Genetics Group, Division of Reproductive and Child Health, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Human Reproductive Science, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Metchley Park Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TG, UK
| | - Joanna L Scott
- Reproductive Biology and Genetics Group, Division of Reproductive and Child Health, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Steve J Publicover
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - W Christopher L Ford
- Reproductive Biology and Genetics Group, Division of Reproductive and Child Health, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Christopher LR Barratt
- Reproductive Biology and Genetics Group, Division of Reproductive and Child Health, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| |
Collapse
|