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Bian Y, Wang B, Liu F, Wang Y, Huang H. Effect of storage states on stability of three organophosphorus insecticide residues on cowpea samples. J Sci Food Agric 2021; 101:6020-6026. [PMID: 33856700 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stability of pesticide residues in stored samples is very important to ensure the quality of data about the residues. The evaluation of pesticide residues in food and environment samples is an important means to ensure food quality and protect consumers against potential dietary risks. Improper storage of pesticide residue samples may result in loss of pesticide and unreliable data, which could affect safety assessments. RESULTS The influences of storage conditions, including temperature (-20 °C, 4 °C, and ambient temperature) and sample state (homogenized state and coarsely chopped state) on the storage stability of dichlorvos, malathion, and diazinon on cowpea were studied. Dichlorvos and malathion were more stable in an homogenized state than in a coarsely chopped state. At 4 °C, the residual dichlorvos in the coarsely chopped state and the homogenized state, respectively, was 12% and 69%; the residual malathion was 26% and 92%, respectively. Dichlorvos suffered a large loss of 89% and 59% for coarsely chopped and homogenized cowpea, even at -20 °C. It was obvious that the stability of dichlorvos and malathion were more affected by storage state than diazinon. The stability of diazinon was significantly affected by temperature. The effect of storage state and temperature on stability is likely to be correlated with enzymes in the matrix, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). CONCLUSION The optimal stable storage conditions for three organophosphorus insecticides residues on cowpea were in the homogenized state and under a lower temperature. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Bian
- Shandong Academy of Pesticide Sciences Institute of Residue Technology, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Boning Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmao Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihan Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Huang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Bian Y, Liu F, Chen F, Sun P. Storage stability of three organophosphorus pesticides on cucumber samples for analysis. Food Chem 2018; 250:230-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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de Oliveira MA, Pires FR, Ferraço M, Belo AF. The validation of an analytical method for sulfentrazone residue determination in soil using liquid chromatography and a comparison of chromatographic sensitivity to millet as a bioindicator species. Molecules 2014; 19:10982-97. [PMID: 25072201 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190810982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Commonly used herbicides, such as sulfentrazone, pose the risk of soil contamination due to their persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity. Phytoremediation by green manure species has been tested using biomarkers, but analytical data are now required to confirm the extraction of sulfentrazone from soil. Thus, the present work was carried out to analyze sulfentrazone residues in soil based on liquid chromatography with a comparison of these values to the sensitivity of the bioindicator Pennisetum glaucum. The soil samples were obtained after cultivation of Crotalaria juncea and Canavalia ensiformis at four seeding densities and with three doses of sulfentrazone. The seedlings were collected into pots, at two different depths, after 75 days of phytoremediator sowing and then were used to determine the herbicide persistence in the soil. A bioassay with P. glaucum was carried out in the same pot. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), using UV-diode array detection (HPLC/UV-DAD), was used to determine the herbicide residues. The HPLC determination was optimized and validated according to the parameters of precision, accuracy, linearity, limit of detection and quantification, robustness and specificity. The bioindicator P. glaucum was more sensitive to sulfentrazone than residue determination by HPLC. Changes in sulfentrazone concentration caused by green manure phytoremediation were accurately identified by the bioindicator. However, a true correlation between the size of the species and the analyte content was not identified.
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An EM, Shin HS. Gas chromatographic determination of pesticide residues using electron-capture detector and mass spectrometry. Food Sci Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-011-0179-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Tadeo J, Sanchez-brunete C, Perez R. Herbicide Residues. In: Nollet L, editor. Handbook of Food Analysis, Second Edition -3 Volume Set. CRC Press; 2004. pp. 1269-95. [DOI: 10.1201/b11081-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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An EM, Shin HS. Analytical methods for the determination of pesticide residues using gas chromatograghy with nitrogen-phosphorus detector. Food Sci Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-011-0056-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Carlomagno M, Mathó C, Cantou G, Sanborn JR, Last JA, Hammock BD, Roel A, González D, González-Sapienza G. A clomazone immunoassay to study the environmental fate of the herbicide in rice (Oryza sativa) agriculture. J Agric Food Chem 2010; 58:4367-71. [PMID: 20302341 PMCID: PMC2878771 DOI: 10.1021/jf9043259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The environmental impact of rice agriculture is poorly studied in developing countries, mainly due to limitations of the analytical capacity. Here, we report the development of a clomazone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a fast and cost-effective tool to monitor the dissipation of this herbicide along the harvest. Antibodies were prepared using different strategies of hapten conjugation, and the best hapten/antibody pair was selected. It proved to be a reliable tool to measure the herbicide in the 2.0-20 ng/mL range in field samples, with excellent correlation with high-performance liquid chromatography results. The assay was used to study the dissipation of the herbicide in the floodwater of experimental rice paddies in Uruguay. Large differences in the residual amounts of herbicide were observed depending on the flooding practices. Because of its robustness and simplicity, the assay may be useful to delineate and monitor management practices that can contribute to minimizing the release of the herbicide in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Carlomagno
- Cátedra de Immunología, Instituto de Higiene, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, UdelarR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - C. Mathó
- Cátedra de Immunología, Instituto de Higiene, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, UdelarR, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G. Cantou
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA), Treinta y Tres, Uruguay
| | - J. R. Sanborn
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - J. A. Last
- Pulmonary/Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - B. D. Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Cancer Research Center, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - A. Roel
- National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA), Treinta y Tres, Uruguay
| | - D. González
- Laboratorio de Biocatálisis y Biotransformaciones, DQO, Facultad de Química, UdelaR, CC 1157, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G. González-Sapienza
- Cátedra de Immunología, Instituto de Higiene, DEPBIO, Facultad de Química, UdelarR, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Corresponding author. Av. A. Navarro 3051, piso 2. 11600 Montevideo, Uruguay, , tel (5982) 4874334
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Lee SJ, Park S, Choi JY, Shim JH, Shin EH, Choi JH, Kim ST, Abd El-Aty AM, Jin JS, Bae DW, Shin SC. Multiresidue analysis of pesticides with hydrolyzable functionality in cooked vegetables by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 23:719-31. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Lee SJ, Park HJ, Kim W, Jin JS, Abd El-Aty AM, Shim JH, Shin SC. Multiresidue analysis of 47 pesticides in cooked wheat flour and polished rice by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2009; 23:434-42. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Inoue K, Yoshimura Y, Nakazawa H. Development of High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Mass Spectrometry with Size‐Exclusion Chromatography for Determination of Acrylamide in Fried Foods. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120021756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Inoue
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hoshi University , 2‐4‐41 Ebara, Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo , 142‐8501 , Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoshimura
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hoshi University , 2‐4‐41 Ebara, Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo , 142‐8501 , Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakazawa
- a Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hoshi University , 2‐4‐41 Ebara, Shinagawa‐ku, Tokyo , 142‐8501 , Japan
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Díez C, Traag WA, Zommer P, Marinero P, Atienza J. Comparison of an acetonitrile extraction/partitioning and “dispersive solid-phase extraction” method with classical multi-residue methods for the extraction of herbicide residues in barley samples. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1131:11-23. [PMID: 16904120 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2005] [Revised: 07/07/2006] [Accepted: 07/10/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
An acetonitrile/partitioning extraction and "dispersive solid-phase extraction (SPE)" method that provides high quality results with a minimum number of steps and a low solvent and glassware consumption was published in 2003. This method, suitable for the analysis of multiple classes of pesticide residues in foods, has been given an acronymic name, QuEChERS, that reflects its major advantages (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe). In this work, QuEChERS method, which was originally created for vegetable samples with a high amount of water, was modified to optimise the extraction of a wide range of herbicides in barley. Then, it was compared with known conventional multi-residue extraction procedures such as the Luke method, which was simplified and shortened by eliminating the Florisil clean-up (mini Luke) and the ethyl acetate extraction, which involves a subsequent clean-up by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and which is the official extraction method used by some of European authorities. Finally, a simple acetone extraction was carried out to check the differences with the other three methods. Extracts were analysed by gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Mini Luke was significantly more effective for the extraction of non-polar and medium-polar compounds, but the best recoveries for polar compounds were achieved by QuEChERS and ethyl acetate methods. QuEChERS was the only method that provided an overall recovery value of 60-70% for non-, medium- and polar compounds, with some exceptions due to co-eluted matrix interferences. Clean-up by dispersive SPE was effective and did not differ so much with ethyl acetate extracts considering that QuEChERS clean-up step is much easier and less time-consuming. As a conclusion, it resulted to be the most universal extraction method by providing a well-defined phase separation without dilution and achieving acceptable recoveries in average including the extraction of the always difficult acidic herbicides. However, recoveries were not as good as required for validation purposes suggesting that residues are prone to strong matrix interactions in dry samples as barley and further method adaptation incrementing solvent strength, extraction time or more acidic or basic conditions is needed in order to achieve a complete extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Díez
- Laboratory of Physic-Chemical Analysis, ITACyL, Agrarian Technological Institute of Castilla y León, Ctra. Burgos, km.119, 47071 Valladolid, Spain.
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Ortelli D, Edder P, Corvi C. Multiresidue analysis of 74 pesticides in fruits and vegetables by liquid chromatography–electrospray–tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Hetherton CL, Sykes MD, Fussell RJ, Goodall DM. A multi-residue screening method for the determination of 73 pesticides and metabolites in fruit and vegetables using high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2004; 18:2443-2450. [PMID: 15382265 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.1645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A multi-residue screening method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of 73 pesticides and their metabolites using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. These pesticides were determined under a single set of experimental conditions involving a simple acetonitrile extraction without the requirement for a clean-up step. Validation was achieved at 0.01 and 0.1 mg kg(-1) levels in apple, lettuce and orange. Recoveries were in the range 77-124% for the majority of pesticides.
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Sottani C, Bettinelli M, Lorena Fiorentino M, Minoia C. Analytical method for the quantitative determination of urinary ethylenethiourea by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2003; 17:2253-2259. [PMID: 14558122 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.1171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A direct, rapid and selective method for the quantitative determination of the ethylenethiourea (ETU) in human urine has been validated and is reported in the present study. It allows the accurate quantification of ETU in this complex matrix without the use of any internal standard as the sample cleanup is effective enough for the removal of interferences that could lead to ion suppression in the electrospray ionization (ESI) source. This simple and rapid purification system, based on the use of a Fluorosil phase of a BondElut column followed by a liquid-liquid extraction procedure, achieves mean extracted recoveries, assessed at three different concentrations (2.5, 10.0, and 25.0 microg/L), always more than 85%. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with positive ion tandem mass spectrometry, operating in selected multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, is used to quantify ETU in human urine. The assay is linear over the range 0-50 microg/L, with a lower limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1.5 microg/L and a coefficient of variation (CV) of 8.9%. The lower limit of detection (LOD) is assessed at 0.5 microg/L. The overall precision and accuracy were determined on three different days. The values for within- and between-day precision are < or = 8.3 and 10.1%, respectively, and the accuracy is in the range 97-118%. The relative uncertainties for the LOQ and QC concentrations have been estimated to be 18 and 8%, respectively. The assay was applied to quantify ETU in human urine from growers that regularly handle ethylenebisdithiocarbamate pesticides in large crop plantations. The biological samples were collected at the start and end of the working day, and the ETU urine levels were found to vary between 1.9 and 8.2 microg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sottani
- Laboratory of Environmental Hygiene and Industrial Toxicology, S. Maugeri Foundation, via Ferrata 8, Pavia, Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan D Richardson
- National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA
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