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Gale CC, Ferguson B, Rodriguez-Saona C, Shields VDC, Zhang A. Evaluation of a Push-Pull Strategy for Spotted-Wing Drosophila Management in Highbush Blueberry. INSECTS 2024; 15:47. [PMID: 38249053 PMCID: PMC10816925 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
We evaluated a novel push-pull control strategy for protecting highbush blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum, against spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), Drosophila suzukii. Methyl benzoate (MB) was used as the pushing agent and a previously tested SWD attractive blend of lure-scents was used as the pulling agent. MB dispensers (push) were hung in the canopy and lure-scent dispensers (pull) were hung in yellow jacket traps filled with soapy water around the blueberry bushes. Blueberries were sampled weekly, and any infestation was inspected by examining the breathing tubes of SWD eggs which protrude through the skin of infested fruit. The frequency of infestation, i.e., the proportion of berries infested with at least one egg, and the extent of infestation, i.e., the mean number of eggs in infested berries, were significantly reduced in treatments receiving MB dispensers as a pushing agent when infestation rates were very high. However, the mass trapping devices as a pulling agent did not provide comparable protection on their own and did not produce additive protection when used in combination with the MB dispensers in push-pull trials. We conclude that MB has the potential to be implemented as a spatial repellent/oviposition deterrent to reduce SWD damage in blueberry under field conditions and does not require the SWD attractant as a pulling agent to achieve crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody C. Gale
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
| | - Beth Ferguson
- Phillip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension, Rutgers University, Chatsworth, NJ 08019, USA; (B.F.); (C.R.-S.)
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Saona
- Phillip E. Marucci Center for Blueberry and Cranberry Research and Extension, Rutgers University, Chatsworth, NJ 08019, USA; (B.F.); (C.R.-S.)
| | | | - Aijun Zhang
- Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA
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Mermer S, Rossi Stacconi MV, Tait G, Pfab F, Sial AA, Disi JO, Burrack HJ, Toennisson A, Xue L, Zhang C, Walton VM. Comparing the effectiveness of different insecticide application orders for suppressing Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) infestation: experimental and modeling approaches. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023:7156966. [PMID: 37155341 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is a key pest of soft-skinned fruit such as blackberry and blueberry. Differing seasonal spray regimes are expected to have variable effects on D. suzukii populations. Semi-field cage trials were performed at three locations in the United States (Georgia, Oregon, and North Carolina) on blueberry and blackberry crops to evaluate this hypothesis. Insecticides with different efficacy rates (ZC - zeta-cypermethrin, SPI - spinetoram, CYAN - cyantraniliprole) were applied during field experiments conducted within large cages. Treatment schedules consisted of two insecticide applications which performed over three weeks. Seasonal treatment schedules were applied in the following order: ZC-CYAN and CYAN-ZC in rabbiteye and highbush blueberry with the addition of a ZC-SPI treatment applied in blackberry. In addition, a population model was applied to simulate the relative efficacy of the insecticide schedules in Oregon on D. suzukii population model based on previously published efficacy, biological, and weather parameters. Overall, all schedules resulted in reduced D. suzukii infestation compared to untreated control (UTC) treatments, with statistical differences in all three locations. The numerically lower infestation was found in some cases in ZC-CYAN schedule. Population modeling conducted exclusively for blueberry, and the simulations indicated no discernible differences between the two respective schedules (ZC-CYAN vs CYAN-ZC). The present study demonstrates that seasonal infestation of D. suzukii could be suppressed irrespective of application order. Additional research is required to assess the optimal timing and sequence of insecticide applications for controlling seasonal populations of D. suzukii in fruit crops. Such information could be invaluable for growers who are seeking to strategize their insecticide applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhan Mermer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Marco Valerio Rossi Stacconi
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tait
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Ferdinand Pfab
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93117, USA
| | - Ashfaq A Sial
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Joseph O Disi
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Hannah J Burrack
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Entomology Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA
| | - Aurora Toennisson
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27607, USA
| | - Lan Xue
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Chengzhu Zhang
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Vaughn M Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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Deans C, Hutchison WD. Hormetic and transgenerational effects in spotted-wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in response to three commonly-used insecticides. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271417. [PMID: 35862486 PMCID: PMC9302851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although insecticide formulations and spray rates are optimized to achieve lethal exposure, there are many factors in agricultural settings that can reduce the effective exposure of insect pests. These include weather patterns, timing of application, chemical degradation/volatilization, plant structural complexity, and resistant populations. While sub-lethal exposure to insecticides can still have negative impacts on pest populations, they can also lead to stimulatory, or hormetic, responses that can increase the fitness of surviving insects. Sub-lethal concentrations may also produce increased tolerance in the offspring of surviving adults through transgenerational effects. Sub-lethal effects are pertinent for the invasive fruit pest, spotted-wing Drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), because its small size, diurnal movement patterns, and utilization of hosts with complex plant structures, such as caneberries and blueberries, make effective insecticide applications tenuous. In this study, we measured spotted-wing Drosophila survivorship, reproductive performance, and offspring tolerance in flies exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of three commonly-used insecticides (zeta-cypermethrin, spinetoram, and pyrethrin). We found some evidence for hormesis, with survival effects being sex- and concentration-dependent for all insecticides. Males were far more susceptible to insecticides than females, which in some cases exhibited higher eclosion success and reproductive rates when exposed to sub-lethal doses. We did not observe significant transgenerational effects at sub-lethal concentrations, despite trends of increased offspring viability for zeta-cypermethrin and spinetoram. More research, however, is needed to fully understand the role that sub-lethal effects may play in pest population dynamics, insecticide efficacy, and the development of genetic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie Deans
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - William D. Hutchison
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States of America
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Mermer S, Tait G, Pfab F, Mirandola E, Bozaric A, Thomas CD, Moeller M, Oppenheimer KG, Xue L, Wang L, Walton VM. Comparative Insecticide Application Techniques (Micro-Sprinkler) Against Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Highbush Blueberry. ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 51:413-420. [PMID: 35137017 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), spotted-wing drosophila, is a major pest in small fruit crops including highbush blueberry. Controlling D. suzukii is challenging and chemical control is the main method to manage D. suzukii populations. Growers have expressed interest in using micro-sprinklers as an alternative method to apply insecticides. The current study aimed to evaluate if insecticide applications using micro-sprinklers can be used as an alternative method to protect the fruit from D. suzukii egg-laying. Modeling was used as an additional tool to parameterize the relative insecticide efficacy on oviposition. Field measurements of different treatments were conducted over periods of eleven days on commercial-standard highbush blueberry. Cyantraniliprole and spinetoram were applied using both a micro-sprinkler and a backpack sprayer. Treatments of Chromobacterium subtsugae and zeta-cypermethrin were only applied using a backpack sprayer. Both cyantraniliprole and spinetoram treatments resulted in moderate suppression of D. suzukii egg-laying. No statistical significance was found between micro-sprinkler and backpack sprayer applications for these two insecticides. Zeta-cypermethrin treatments using a backpack sprayer resulted in the most significant suppression of D. suzukii egg-laying over eleven days, while C. subtsugae was less effective at preventing D. suzukii egg-laying. Modeling simulations estimate the impact of the control methods on D. suzukii populations dynamics and simulation outputs indicated that backpack sprayers reduced D. suzukii populations at more pronounced levels compared to micro-sprinkler applications. The present study indicates that there is an underlying value of micro-sprinkler systems as an alternative and rapid spray application technique to help suppress D. suzukii pest populations during high-pressure periods in highbush blueberry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serhan Mermer
- Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Gabriella Tait
- Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Ferdinand Pfab
- University of California, Santa Barbara, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Santa Barbara, CL, 93106, USA
| | - Enrico Mirandola
- Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
- University of Padova, Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment DAFNAE, Padova, Italy
| | - Aleksandar Bozaric
- Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Canessa D Thomas
- Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Maxwell Moeller
- Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Katherine G Oppenheimer
- Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Lan Xue
- Oregon State University, Department of Statistics, 257 Weniger Hall, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agriculture University, Bejing, 100193, China
| | - Vaughn M Walton
- Oregon State University, Department of Horticulture, 4017 Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
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Tait G, Mermer S, Stockton D, Lee J, Avosani S, Abrieux A, Anfora G, Beers E, Biondi A, Burrack H, Cha D, Chiu JC, Choi MY, Cloonan K, Crava CM, Daane KM, Dalton DT, Diepenbrock L, Fanning P, Ganjisaffar F, Gómez MI, Gut L, Grassi A, Hamby K, Hoelmer KA, Ioriatti C, Isaacs R, Klick J, Kraft L, Loeb G, Rossi-Stacconi MV, Nieri R, Pfab F, Puppato S, Rendon D, Renkema J, Rodriguez-Saona C, Rogers M, Sassù F, Schöneberg T, Scott MJ, Seagraves M, Sial A, Van Timmeren S, Wallingford A, Wang X, Yeh DA, Zalom FG, Walton VM. Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae): A Decade of Research Towards a Sustainable Integrated Pest Management Program. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:1950-1974. [PMID: 34516634 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) also known as spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), is a pest native to Southeast Asia. In the last few decades, the pest has expanded its range to affect all major European and American fruit production regions. SWD is a highly adaptive insect that is able to disperse, survive, and flourish under a range of environmental conditions. Infestation by SWD generates both direct and indirect economic impacts through yield losses, shorter shelf life of infested fruit, and increased production costs. Fresh markets, frozen berries, and fruit export programs have been impacted by the pest due to zero tolerance for fruit infestation. As SWD control programs rely heavily on insecticides, exceedance of maximum residue levels (MRLs) has also resulted in crop rejections. The economic impact of SWD has been particularly severe for organic operations, mainly due to the limited availability of effective insecticides. Integrated pest management (IPM) of SWD could significantly reduce chemical inputs but would require substantial changes to horticultural management practices. This review evaluates the most promising methods studied as part of an IPM strategy against SWD across the world. For each of the considered techniques, the effectiveness, impact, sustainability, and stage of development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Tait
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Serhan Mermer
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Dara Stockton
- USDA-ARS Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Jana Lee
- USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Sabina Avosani
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Antoine Abrieux
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Gianfranco Anfora
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Trentino, Italy
| | - Elizabeth Beers
- Tree Fruit Research & Extension Center, Washington State University, Wenatchee, WA, USA
| | - Antonio Biondi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Hannah Burrack
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Dong Cha
- USDA-ARS Daniel K. Inouye U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Hilo, HI, USA
| | - Joanna C Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Man-Yeon Choi
- USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | - Cristina M Crava
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Kent M Daane
- Kearney Agricultural Research and Education Center, Parlier, CA, USA
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Daniel T Dalton
- Faculty of Engineering & IT, Carinthia University of Applied Sciences, 9524, Villach, Austria
| | - Lauren Diepenbrock
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Lake Alfred, FL, USA
| | - Phillip Fanning
- USDA Economic Research Service, Market Trade and Economics Division, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Fatemeh Ganjisaffar
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Miguel I Gómez
- Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Larry Gut
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Alberto Grassi
- Technology Transfer Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Kelly Hamby
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Kim A Hoelmer
- USDA-ARS Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Claudio Ioriatti
- Technology Transfer Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Laura Kraft
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Gregory Loeb
- Department of Entomology, Cornell AgriTech, Geneva, NY, USA
| | | | - Rachele Nieri
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Ferdinand Pfab
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Simone Puppato
- Technology Transfer Center, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Dalila Rendon
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - Justin Renkema
- London Research and Development Centre - Vineland Campus, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Vineland, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mary Rogers
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, USA
| | - Fabiana Sassù
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Insect Pest Control Section, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Maxwell J Scott
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | | - Ashfaq Sial
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Anna Wallingford
- Department of Agriculture Nutrition and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA
| | - Xingeng Wang
- USDA-ARS Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Unit, Newark, DE, USA
| | - D Adeline Yeh
- USDA Economic Research Service, Market Trade and Economics Division, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Frank G Zalom
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Vaughn M Walton
- Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Van Timmeren S, Davis AR, Isaacs R. Optimization of a Larval Sampling Method for Monitoring Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Blueberries. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:1690-1700. [PMID: 34077529 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Managing spotted-wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura), in fruit crops is complicated by the unreliability of currently available traps for monitoring adult flies, combined with the difficulty of detecting larval infestation before fruit damage is apparent. A simple method to extract larvae from fruit in liquid, strain the solution, then count them in a coffee filter was developed recently for use in integrated pest management programs. Here, we present a series of experiments conducted to improve fruit sampling by making it faster, less expensive, and more accurate. The volume of blueberries sampled (59-473 ml) did not significantly affect the detection of second and third instars, but we found that 118-ml samples were best for detecting the smallest larvae. These small instars were more detectable when berries were lightly squeezed before immersion, whereas larger instars were similarly detectable without using this step. We also found that immersing fruit for 30 min was sufficient before counting larvae, and similar numbers of larvae were found in the filter using room temperature water rather than a salt solution. The process of filtering, detection, and counting larvae took only 2-4 min per sample to process, depending on larval density. Using a microscope to count the larvae was consistently the best approach for detecting D. suzukii larvae. Based on these results, we discuss how fruit sampling can be streamlined within IPM programs, so growers and their advisors can improve control and reduce the cost of monitoring this invasive pest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amelia R Davis
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Rufus Isaacs
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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