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Bass C, Nauen R. The molecular mechanisms of insecticide resistance in aphid crop pests. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2023; 156:103937. [PMID: 37023831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Aphids are a group of hemipteran insects that include some of the world's most economically important agricultural pests. The control of pest aphids has relied heavily on the use of chemical insecticides, however, the evolution of resistance poses a serious threat to their sustainable control. Over 1000 cases of resistance have now been documented for aphids involving a remarkable diversity of mechanisms that, individually or in combination, allow the toxic effect of insecticides to be avoided or overcome. In addition to its applied importance as a growing threat to human food security, insecticide resistance in aphids also offers an exceptional opportunity to study evolution under strong selection and gain insight into the genetic variation fuelling rapid adaptation. In this review we summarise the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying resistance in the most economically important aphid pests worldwide and the insights study of this topic has provided on the genomic architecture of adaptive traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Bass
- Faculty of Environment, Science and Economy, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall, United Kingdom.
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Bayer AG, Crop Science Division, Alfred Nobel-Strasse 50, Monheim, Germany.
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2
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Kaleem Ullah RM, Gao F, Sikandar A, Wu H. Insights into the Effects of Insecticides on Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Resistance Mechanisms and Molecular Basis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076750. [PMID: 37047722 PMCID: PMC10094857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
With the passage of time and indiscreet usage of insecticides on crops, aphids are becoming resistant to their effect. The different classes of insecticides, including organophosphates, carbamates, pyrethroids and neonicotinoids, have varied effects on insects. Furthermore, the molecular effects of these insecticides in aphids, including effects on the enzymatic machinery and gene mutation, are resulting in aphid resistance to the insecticides. In this review, we will discuss how aphids are affected by the overuse of pesticides, how resistance appears, and which mechanisms participate in the resistance mechanisms in various aphid species as significant crop pests. Gene expression studies were analyzed using the RNA-Seq technique. The stress-responsive genes were analyzed, and their expression in response to insecticide administration was determined. Putative insecticide resistance-related genes, cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase, carboxylesterase CarEs, ABC transporters, cuticle protein genes, and trypsin-related genes were studied. The review concluded that if insecticide-susceptible aphids interact with ample dosages of insecticides with sublethal effects, this will result in the upregulation of genes whose primary role is to detoxify insecticides. In the past decade, certain advancements have been observed regarding insecticide resistance on a molecular basis. Even so, not much is known about how aphids detoxify the insecticides at molecular level. Thus, to attain equilibrium, it is important to observe the manipulation of pest and insect species with the aim of restoring susceptibility to insecticides. For this purpose, this review has included critical insights into insecticide resistance in aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Muhammad Kaleem Ullah
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Fukun Gao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Aatika Sikandar
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Haiyan Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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3
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Valmorbida I, Coates BS, Hodgson EW, Ryan M, O’Neal ME. Evidence of enhanced reproductive performance and lack-of-fitness costs among soybean aphids, Aphis glycines, with varying levels of pyrethroid resistance. Pest Manag Sci 2022; 78:2000-2010. [PMID: 35102702 PMCID: PMC9310592 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foliar application of insecticides is the main strategy to manage soybean aphid, Aphis glycines (Hemiptera: Aphididae), in the northcentral United States. Subpopulations of A. glycines have multiple nonsynonymous mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) genes that are associated with pyrethroid resistance. We explored if fitness costs are associated with phenotypes conferred by vgsc mutations using life table analyses. We predicted that there would be significant differences between pyrethroid susceptibility and field-collected, parthenogenetic isofemale clones with differing, nonsynonymous mutations in vgsc genes. RESULTS Estimated resistance ratios for the pyrethroid-resistant clones ranged from 3.1 to 37.58 and 5.6 to 53.91 for lambda-cyhalothrin and bifenthrin, respectively. Although life table analyses revealed some biological and demographic parameters to be significantly different among the clonal lines, there was no association between levels of pyrethroid resistance and a decline in fitness. By contrast, one of the most resistant clonal lines (SBA-MN1-2017) had a significantly higher finite rate of increase, intrinsic rate of increase and greater overall fitness compared to the susceptible control and other pyrethroid-resistant clonal lines. CONCLUSIONS Our life history analysis suggests that there are no negative pleotropic effects associated with the pyrethroid resistance in the clonal A. glycines lines used in this study. We discuss the potential impact of these results on efficacies of insecticide resistance management (IRM) and integrated pest management (IPM) plans directed at delaying the spread of pyrethroid-resistant A. glycines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brad S. Coates
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects & Crop Genetics ResearchAmesIAUSA
| | | | - Molly Ryan
- Corteva Agriscience, Agriculture Division of DowDuPontDallas CenterIAUSA
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Tan SY, Hong F, Ye C, Wang JJ, Wei D. Functional characterization of four Hsp70 genes involved in high-temperature tolerance in Aphis aurantii (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:141-149. [PMID: 35038465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The tea aphid, Aphis aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe), is a serious pest that can infest many economically important plants. Tea aphids damage plants by directly sucking phloem sap, transmitting viruses, and secreting honeydew to cause sooty mold. At present, tea aphids has become one of the most important pests in tropical and subtropical tea plants. The heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) is a key protein involved in heat stress tolerance. In this study, we cloned four Hsp70 genes that are highly expressed in tea aphids after heat shock. Bioinformatic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequences showed that these four AaHsp70s had a close genetic relationship to Hsp70 in Hemiptera insects and shared a conserved ATPase domain. After incubation at low (14 °C) or high (36 °C) temperature, the expression of four AaHsp70s was significantly up-regulated compared to the control (25 °C); however, the up-regulation of the AaHsp70s in the low-temperature treatment was far less than that of the high-temperature treatment. The ATPase activity of the four purified recombinant AaHsp70 proteins after high-temperature treatment was significantly increased compared to the control. In addition, these proteins effectively improved the heat tolerance of Escherichia coli in vivo. Our data indicate that AaHsp701, AaHsp702, AaHsp703, AaHsp704 play important roles in response to the high-temperature tolerance in tea aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Yuan Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Feng Hong
- College of Agriculture, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; International Joint Laboratory of China-Belgium on Sustainable Crop Pest Control, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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5
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MacKenzie TDB, Nie X, Singh M. Comparison of Mineral Oil, Insecticidal, and Biopesticide Spraying Regimes for Reducing Spread of Three Potato virus Y Strains in Potato Crops. Plant Dis 2022; 106:891-900. [PMID: 34705492 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-21-1213-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In-field management of Potato virus Y (PVY) faces challenges caused by the changing availability and environmental acceptability of chemical agents to control aphid vectors of the virus and by proliferation of PVY strains with different symptoms and rates of spread. From 2018 to 2020, foliar spray treatments were compared in field experiments in New Brunswick, Canada, to measure effectiveness at reducing spread of PVYO, PVYN:O, and PVYNTN strains. Mineral oil, insecticide, combined oil and insecticide spray, and a biopesticide (i.e., LifeGard WG) were compared. Insecticide-only and mineral oil-only treatments were not effective, but several combined oil and insecticide treatments and biopesticide treatments significantly reduced PVY spread. The biopesticide was proportionately more effective with recombinant PVYN:O and PVYNTN strains, possibly by exciting the plant's hypersensitive resistance response, caused naturally only in cultivar 'Goldrush' by PVYO. Pesticide residue analysis showed that mineral oil increased the retention of pyrethroid insecticide in the potato foliage longer than with insecticide applied alone, which may explain the beneficial synergistic effect of combined sprays for reducing PVY spread. Tuber yields were generally unchanged in chemical insecticide treatments but were slightly lower in biopesticide treatment. The cost per PVY treatment was competitive across all effective treatments, including biopesticide; however, there was some revenue loss from lower yield with the biopesticide. This biopesticide is certified organic, however, and thus a small premium on the price for organic production could offset this yield deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler D B MacKenzie
- Agricultural Certification Services Inc., Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 8B7
| | - Xianzhou Nie
- Fredericton Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 4Z7
| | - Mathuresh Singh
- Agricultural Certification Services Inc., Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada E3B 8B7
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Millán-Leiva A, Marín Ó, Christmon K, vanEngelsdorp D, González-Cabrera J. Mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in Varroa mite, a parasite of honey bees, are widespread across the United States. Pest Manag Sci 2021; 77:3241-3249. [PMID: 33728766 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Managed honey bees are key pollinators of many crops and play an essential role in the United States food production. For more than ten years, beekeepers in the United States have been reporting high rates of colony losses. One of the drivers of these losses is the parasitic mite Varroa destructor. Maintaining healthy honey bee colonies in the United States is dependent on a successful control of this mite. The pyrethroid tau-fluvalinate (Apistan®) was among the first synthetic varroacides registered in the United States. With over 20 years of use, mites resistant to Apistan® have emerged, and so it is unsurprising that treatment failures have been reported. Resistance to tau-fluvalinate in US mite populations is associated with point mutations at position 925 of the voltage-gated sodium channel. RESULTS Here, we have generated a distribution map of pyrethroid resistance alleles in Varroa samples collected from US apiaries in 2016 and 2017, using a high throughput allelic discrimination assay based on TaqMan®. Our results evidence that knockdown resistance (kdr)-type mutations are widely distributed in Varroa populations across the country showing high variability among apiaries. We used these data to predict the phenotype of the mites in the case of treatments with pyrethroids. CONCLUSION We highlight the relevance of monitoring the resistance in mite populations to achieve an efficient control of this pest. We also put forward the benefits of implementing this methodology to provide data for designing pest management programs aiming to control Varroa. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Millán-Leiva
- Department of Genetics, Institute BIOTECMED, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Óscar Marín
- Department of Genetics, Institute BIOTECMED, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | | | | | - Joel González-Cabrera
- Department of Genetics, Institute BIOTECMED, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
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Yanagisawa H, Matsushita Y, Khiutti A, Mironenko N, Ohto Y, Afanasenko O. Occurrence and distribution of viruses infecting potato in Russia. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:64-72. [PMID: 33825200 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Potato viral disease has been a major problem in potato production worldwide including Russia. Here, we detected Potato Virus M (PVM), P (PVP), S (PVS), Y (PVY), and X (PVX) and Potato Leaf Roll Virus (PLRV) by RT-PCR on potato leaves and tubers from the Northwestern (NW), Volga (VF), and Far Eastern (FE) federal districts of Russia. Each sample was co-infected with up to five viruses. RT-PCR disclosed all six viruses in NW, three in VF, and five in FE. Phylogenetic analyses of PVM and PVS strains resolved all PVM isolates in Group O (ordinary) and all PVS isolates in Group O. Seven PVY strains were detected, and they included only recombinants. PVY recombinants were thus the dominant potato virus strains in Russia, although they widely varied among the regions. Our research provides insights into the geographical distribution and genetic variability of potato viruses in Russia.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yanagisawa
- Central Region Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Y Matsushita
- Institute of Vegetable and Floriculture Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - A Khiutti
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (FSBSI VIZR), Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - N Mironenko
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (FSBSI VIZR), Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Y Ohto
- Central Region Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - O Afanasenko
- Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection (FSBSI VIZR), Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Gong P, Li X, Gao H, Wang C, Li M, Zhang Y, Li X, Liu E, Zhu X. Field evolved resistance to pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, organophosphates and macrolides in Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) and Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) from China. Chemosphere 2021; 269:128747. [PMID: 33172670 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) and Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) are the predominant pests coexisting on wheat plants. In this study, the susceptibilities of 29 R. padi and 30 S. avenae populations from 15 provinces in China to pyrethroids (beta-cypermethrin and bifenthrin), neonicotinoids (imidacloprid and thiamethoxam), organophosphates (omethoate and chlorpyrifos) and macrolides (avermectin) were determined during 2018-2019. The median lethal insecticide concentrations (LC50) indicated that R. padi was more sensitive than S. avenae to most of the insecticides. Monitor results showed that most wheat aphid populations were moderately resistant to pyrethroids. Two R. padi populations were highly resistant to beta-cypermethrin with 127.3-fold and 442.8-fold resistance ratio (RR), and two were highly resistant to bifenthrin (RR of 293.9 and 320.6, respectively). One S. avenae population was highly resistant to beta-cypermethrin (RR of 136.8) and one was highly resistant to bifenthrin (RR of 313.4). All populations of two wheat aphids exhibited low to moderate resistance to neonicotinoids (RR < 100). But over half populations were sensitive or exhibited low resistance to organophosphates and macrolides. The pair-wise correlation coefficients for the insecticide LC50 revealed a positive correlation between beta-cypermethrin and bifenthrin resistance, as well as between the resistance to bifenthrin and omethoate for the two-aphid species. Similarly, significant correlations were detected between the resistance to beta-cypermethrin and avermectin for R. padi. These results may be relevant for developing effective insecticide management strategies that prevent or delay the development of resistance among wheat aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipan Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xinan Li
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Haifeng Gao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mengyi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Enliang Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crop in Northwestern Oasis, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi, 830091, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Gong P, Chen D, Wang C, Li M, Li X, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhu X. Susceptibility of Four Species of Aphids in Wheat to Seven Insecticides and Its Relationship to Detoxifying Enzymes. Front Physiol 2021; 11:623612. [PMID: 33536942 PMCID: PMC7848177 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.623612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sitobion avenae (Fabricius), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), and Metopolophium dirhodum (Walker) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are important pests of wheat and other cereals worldwide. In this study, the susceptibilities of four wheat aphid species to seven insecticides were assessed. Furthermore, the activities of carboxylesterase (CarE), glutathione S-transferase (GSTs), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450s) were determined in imidacloprid treated and untreated aphids. The results showed that the susceptibilities of four wheat aphid species to tested insecticides are different and M. dirhodum has shown higher tolerance to most insecticides. Relatively higher CarE and GST activities were observed in M. dirhodum, and P450s activities increased significantly in response to imidacloprid treatment. Moreover, susceptibility to imidacloprid were increased by the oxidase inhibitor piperonyl butoxide in M. dirhodum (20-fold). The results we have obtained imply that P450s may play an important role in imidacloprid metabolic process in M. dirhodum. We suggest that a highly species-specific approach is essential for managing M. dirhodum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipan Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Defeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops, Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Improvement, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mengyi Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yunhui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangrui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Hong F, Mo SH, Lin XY, Niu J, Yin J, Wei D. The PacBio Full-Length Transcriptome of the Tea Aphid as a Reference Resource. Front Genet 2020; 11:558394. [PMID: 33304379 PMCID: PMC7693467 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.558394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The tea aphid, Aphis aurantii, has become one of the destructive pests in tea plantations in the tropics and subtropics. Very few functional studies have so far focused on the developmental and reproductive biology at a molecular level, because of the lack of comprehensive genetic information. Full-length transcriptomes represent a very highly efficient approach to obtain reference gene sequences in non-model insects. In the present study, the transcriptome of A. aurantii was comprehensively sequenced using PacBio Iso-Seq technology. A total of 46.8 Gb nucleotides and 15,938 non-redundant full-length transcripts were obtained, 13,498 (84.69%) of which were annotated into seven databases. Of these transcripts, 2,029 alternative splicing events and 15,223 simple sequence repeats were detected. Among these transcripts, 4,571 (28.68%) and 11,367 (71.32%) were long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and protein-coding genes, respectively. Five hundred and ninety transcription factors were detected. The first full-length transcriptome represents a significant increase in the known genetic information of A. aurantii. It will assist the future functional study of genes involved in its development and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Hong
- College of Agriculture, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Si-Hua Mo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing-Yu Lin
- College of Agriculture, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, China
| | - Jinzhi Niu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Yin
- College of Agriculture, Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University, Xinyang, China
| | - Dong Wei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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11
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Paula DP, Menger J, Andow DA, Koch RL. Diverse patterns of constitutive and inducible overexpression of detoxifying enzyme genes among resistant Aphis glycines populations. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2020; 164:100-114. [PMID: 32284115 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance is essential to the effective management of pesticide resistance in Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae). We mined putative detoxifying enzyme genes in the draft genome sequence of A. glycines for cytochrome oxidase P450 (CYP), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and esterases (E4 and carboxylesterases-CES). Aphids from clonal populations resistant to pyrethroids from three sites in Minnesota, USA, were screened against a diagnostic LC99 concentration of either λ-cyhalothrin or bifenthrin and detoxifying enzyme genes expression in survivors was analyzed by qPCR. Their expression profiles were compared relative to a susceptible clonal population. We found 61 CYP (40 full-length), seven GST (all full-length), seven E4 (five full-length) and three CES (two full-length) genes, including 24 possible pseudogenes. The detoxifying enzymes had different expression profiles across resistant aphid populations, possibly reflecting differences in the genetic background and pyrethroid selection pressures as the number of constitutively overexpressed detoxifying enzyme genes was correlated with the level of resistance. Our findings will strengthen the understanding of the pyrethroid resistance mechanisms in A. glycines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Pires Paula
- Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Parque Estação Biológica, W5 Norte, P.O. Box 02372, Brasília, DF 70770-917, Brazil.
| | - James Menger
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - David A Andow
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Robert L Koch
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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