1
|
Hong H, Ye Z, Lu G, Feng K, Zhang M, Sun X, Han Z, Jiang S, Wu B, Yin X, Xu S, Li J, Xin X. Characterisation of a Novel Insect-Specific Virus Discovered in Rice Thrips, Haplothrips aculeatus. INSECTS 2024; 15:303. [PMID: 38786859 PMCID: PMC11122063 DOI: 10.3390/insects15050303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Insects constitute the largest proportion of animals on Earth and act as significant reservoirs and vectors in disease transmission. Rice thrips (Haplothrips aculeatus, family Phlaeothripidae) are one of the most common pests in agriculture. In this study, the full genome sequence of a novel Ollusvirus, provisionally named "Rice thrips ollusvirus 1" (RTOV1), was elucidated using transcriptome sequencing and the rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). A homology search and phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the newly identified virus is a member of the family Aliusviridae (order Jingchuvirales). The genome of RTOV1 contains four predicted open reading frames (ORFs), including a polymerase protein (L, 7590 nt), a glycoprotein (G, 4206 nt), a nucleocapsid protein (N, 2415 nt) and a small protein of unknown function (291 nt). All of the ORFs are encoded by the complementary genome, suggesting that the virus is a negative-stranded RNA virus. Phylogenetic analysis using polymerase sequences suggested that RTOV1 was closely related to ollusvirus 1. Deep small RNA sequencing analysis reveals a significant accumulation of small RNAs derived from RTOV1, indicating that the virus replicated in the insect. According to our understanding, this is the first report of an Ollusvirus identified in a member of the insect family Phlaeothripidae. The characterisation and discovery of RTOV1 is a significant contribution to the understanding of Ollusvirus diversity in insects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Hong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Zhuangxin Ye
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Gang Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Kehui Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Zhilei Han
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Shanshan Jiang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Bin Wu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Xiao Yin
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Shuai Xu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (H.H.); (S.X.)
| | - Junmin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Xiangqi Xin
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China; (H.H.); (S.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Z, He H, Yan M, Zhao C, Lei C, Li J, Yan F. Widely targeted analysis of metabolomic changes of Cucumis sativus induced by cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:158. [PMID: 35361125 PMCID: PMC8969345 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant metabolites play vital roles in regulating the behavior of herbivore insects. Virus infection can universally alter plant metabolites to manipulate the orientation and feeding behaviors of insect vector, to favor the transmission of virus. Thus, determining the differentially accumulated metabolites of plant upon virus infection could provide insights into understanding how the triple interactions among plant, virus and insect vector happens. Our previous studies have found that vector whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) showed different orientation behavior and performance on CCYV-infected and healthy cucumber plants. Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV) is exclusively transmitted by B. tabaci in a semi-persistent mode. In this study, we take the CCYV, B. tabaci and cucumber as a research system to explore the functions of phyto-metabolites in the triple interactions. RESULTS A total of 612 metabolites changed upon CCYV infection were monitored. Metabolites mainly enriched in flavonoids, lipids, nucleotides and their derivatives. At 7 days post CCYV inoculation (dpi), the contents of lipids, terpenoids and flavonoids remarkably decreased, while amino acids, nucleotides and their derivatives notably up-accumulated. At 15 dpi, the accumulation of flavonoids were still significantly reduced upon CCYV infection, while lipids, amino acids, nucleotides and derivatives were remarkably enhanced. Most of significantly increased metabolites were lipids (lysophosphatidylethanolamine, LPE; lysophosphatidylcholine, LPC and their isomers). Also, the number of significantly changed metabolites increased with the infection period. However, only a few organic acids and phenolic acids showed difference between CCYV-infected and healthy cucumber plants. CONCLUSIONS CCYV infection repressed the defensive flavonoids, terpeneoids metabolism but triggered the lipids, amino acids and nucleotides metabolism with the inoculation period. This result suggests that CCYV-infection makes cucumber plants more susceptible for whiteflies attack and CCYV infection. The reduction of defensive comounds and the increase of amino acids may be partially responsible for enhancing feeding preference of whiteflies to CCYV-infected hosts. CCYV may hijacked lipid metabolism for virus replication and assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zelong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Haifang He
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Minghui Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Caiyan Lei
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Jingjing Li
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Fengming Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Onion is one of the most valuable vegetable crops in the US. Onion thrips were identified as one of the main threats to the US onion industry. An integrated approach, including host plant tolerance, is required. For this study, four New Mexico State University breeding lines, along with two thrips-attractive cultivars, were evaluated for their attractiveness to thrips. In addition, this study observed thrips population dynamics throughout the growing season and the relationship between onion plant size and thrips attractiveness. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with three blocks, each containing four replications. Thrips-infested bulbs were used to ensure the presence of thrips and thrips-attractive plants were used to ensure equal thrips distribution throughout the field. Ten plants were randomly selected from each plot and thrips and leaf numbers were counted multiple times through the growing season. Plants of NMSU breeding lines were observed to have fewer thrips, be more tolerant to thrips pressure and produce more leaves and larger bulbs than thrips-attractive entries. Early in the growing season, leaf number was not a determining factor in thrips population dynamics. The larger bulb weights of the breeding lines allowed them to maintain their market value. A delay in thrips population buildup in plants of the breeding lines may result in the critical threshold for spraying for thrips being reached later in these lines. This would potentially allow for fewer pesticide applications by growers, increasing growers’ profits and ensuring a more environmentally friendly approach to plant production.
Collapse
|
4
|
Mouden S, Leiss KA. Host plant resistance to thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) - current state of art and future research avenues. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 45:28-34. [PMID: 33278641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is endorsed as the future standard for crop protection worldwide. This holistic concept integrates preventative and curative measures amongst which host plant resistance (HPR) plays an essential role. Up to now HPR has been a somewhat under-utilized tool in pest management due to widespread use of pesticides and technological hindrance. Thrips are key pests in agriculture and horticulture worldwide. Here we provide an overview on the current status of research on constitutive and induced HPR including thrips-host relationships and thrips as virus vectors. We stress modulation of plant defense responses by abiotic and biotic elicitors to increase HPR and provide an outlook on the increasing potential of HPR inspired by the fast advancement of -omics techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Mouden
- Wageningen University & Research, Business Unit Horticulture, Violierenweg 1, 2665 MV Bleiswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten A Leiss
- Wageningen University & Research, Business Unit Horticulture, Violierenweg 1, 2665 MV Bleiswijk, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kormelink R, Verchot J, Tao X, Desbiez C. The Bunyavirales: The Plant-Infecting Counterparts. Viruses 2021; 13:v13050842. [PMID: 34066457 PMCID: PMC8148189 DOI: 10.3390/v13050842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative-strand (-) RNA viruses (NSVs) comprise a large and diverse group of viruses that are generally divided in those with non-segmented and those with segmented genomes. Whereas most NSVs infect animals and humans, the smaller group of the plant-infecting counterparts is expanding, with many causing devastating diseases worldwide, affecting a large number of major bulk and high-value food crops. In 2018, the taxonomy of segmented NSVs faced a major reorganization with the establishment of the order Bunyavirales. This article overviews the major plant viruses that are part of the order, i.e., orthospoviruses (Tospoviridae), tenuiviruses (Phenuiviridae), and emaraviruses (Fimoviridae), and provides updates on the more recent ongoing research. Features shared with the animal-infecting counterparts are mentioned, however, special attention is given to their adaptation to plant hosts and vector transmission, including intra/intercellular trafficking and viral counter defense to antiviral RNAi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Kormelink
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanmarie Verchot
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Xiaorong Tao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | |
Collapse
|