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Ma X, Hu J, Ding C, Portieles R, Xu H, Gao J, Du L, Gao X, Yue Q, Zhao L, Borrás-Hidalgo O. New native Bacillus thuringiensis strains induce high insecticidal action against Culex pipiens pallens larvae and adults. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:100. [PMID: 37055727 PMCID: PMC10099900 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes of many species are key disease vectors, killing millions of people each year. Bacillus thuringiensis-based insecticide formulations are largely recognized as among the most effective, ecologically safe, and long-lasting methods of managing insect pests. New B. thuringiensis strains with high mosquito control effectiveness were isolated, identified, genetically defined, and physiologically characterized. Eight B. thuringiensis strains were identified and shown to carry endotoxin-producing genes. Using a scanning electron microscope, results revealed typical crystal forms of various shapes in B. thuringiensis strains. Fourteen cry and cyt genes were found in the strains examined. Although the genome of the B. thuringiensis A4 strain had twelve cry and cyt genes, not all of them were expressed, and only a few protein profiles were observed. The larvicidal activity of the eight B. thuringiensis strains was found to be positive (LC50: 1.4-28.5 g/ml and LC95: 15.3-130.3 g/ml). Bioassays in a laboratory environment demonstrated that preparations containing B. thuringiensis spores and crystals were particularly active to mosquito larvae and adults. These new findings show that the novel preparation containing B. thuringiensis A4 spores and crystals mixture might be used to control larval and adult mosquitoes in a sustainable and ecologically friendly manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Ma
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianjian Hu
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengsong Ding
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Roxana Portieles
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Xu
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyao Gao
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Du
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyou Gao
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiulin Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academic of Science), Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academic of Science), Jinan, People's Republic of China
| | - Orlando Borrás-Hidalgo
- Joint R and D Center of Biotechnology, RETDA, Yotabio-Engineering Co., Ltd, 99 Shenzhen Road, Rizhao, 276826, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Shandong Provincial Key Lab of Microbial Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academic of Science), Jinan, People's Republic of China.
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Davis J, Bibbs CS, Müller GC, Xue RD. Evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis as toxic sugar bait against adult Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2021; 46:30-33. [PMID: 35229579 DOI: 10.52707/1081-1710-46.1.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSB) are a novel and effective mosquito control tool based on sugar-feeding behaviors and oral ingestion. In general, there is a demand from consumers for more novel control products with more effective active ingredients. Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (BTi) is a major larvicide for control of mosquito larvae. This study evaluated BTi as an active ingredient of toxic sugar baits (TSB) against adult Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus, compared with a positive control of 1% boric acid toxic sugar bait. Ingestion of BTi TSB by female mosquitoes resulted in an average mortality at 48 h of 97% for Ae. aegypti, 98% for Ae. albopictus, and 100% for Cx. quinquefasciatus. The study findings suggest ingestible BTi TSBs could be a viable alternative to current mosquito control strategies and programs against adults of these three species of mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Davis
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, FL, U.S.A
| | | | - Gunter C Müller
- Malaria Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odontostomatology, University of Sciences, Techniques and Technology of Bamako, Bamako, Mali
| | - Rui-De Xue
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, FL, U.S.A.
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Kollars TM. Potential for the Invasive Species Aedes Albopictus and Arboviral Transmission through the Chabahar Port in Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 43:393-400. [PMID: 30046208 PMCID: PMC6055213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses are emerging infectious disease threats wherever suitable vectors, hosts, and habitat are present. The aim of the present study was to use the bioagent transport and environmental modeling system (BioTEMS) to identify the potential for arbovirus-infected Aedes species to invade the Chabahar area in southeastern Iran. METHODS ArcGIS geospatial analysis software, Statistica software, and BioTEMS were used to analyze geographic information and conduct data analysis. BioTEMS utilizes up to several hundred abiotic and biotic factors to produce risk and vulnerability assessments for biological agents and infectious diseases. The output of BioTEMS was validated using published predictive models, and most importantly published collection data of Aedes species in Iran. RESULTS There appears to have been two separate invasion events by Ae. albopictus into the southern region of Iran, first preceding 2009 and then again in 2013. BioTEMS identified two probable areas of introduction during the 2009 time frame, either through one or both the Chabahar ports or the Iranshahr airport with subsequent spread through vehicular transport. BioTEMS identified the port as an introduction zone for ZIKAV with high-risk zones and identifies gap zones during the 2013 time frame. Recommended surveillance sites are provided. CONCLUSION The air and maritime ports of Iran serve international customers, and are therefore vulnerable to import and invasion of mosquito vectors and arboviruses. Based on comparisons with other published low-resolution models, BioTEMS provides information for medical and public health professionals conducting integrated mosquito management, preventive medicine, and epidemiological surveillance.
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Kollars TM. Assessing likely invasion sites of Zika virus-infected mosquitoes in civilian and naval maritime ports in Florida. Res Rep Trop Med 2017; 8:1-6. [PMID: 30050340 PMCID: PMC6038889 DOI: 10.2147/rrtm.s123456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Several mosquito species are capable of invading new geographic regions and exploiting niches that are similar to their natural home ranges where they may introduce, or reintroduce, pathogens. In addition to initial invasion, introduction of new genotypes into established populations may also occur. Zika virus is spreading throughout the world, posing significant health risks to human populations, particularly pregnant women and their infants. The first locally acquired case of Zika virus in the US occurred in July 2016 in Miami, Florida on the Atlantic coast; the first locally acquired case in another US county occurred in the Tampa, Florida area. Three port cities in Florida were chosen to assess the risk of import and spread of Zika virus: Mayport Naval Station, Miami, and Tampa. The bioagent transport and enviromental modeling system TIGER model and ArcGIS were used to analyze abiotic and biotic factors influencing potentially Zika-infected Aedes species, should they enter through these ports. The model was tested by overlaying documented and suspected concurrent Zika cases and comparing published high-risk areas for Zika virus. In addition to Zika hot zones being identified, output indicates surveillance and integrated mosquito management should expect larger zones. Surveillance sites at ports should be identified and prioritized for pathogen and vector control to reduce the import of mosquitoes infected with Zika virus. Low resolution maps often provide valuable suitability of the geographic expansion of organisms. Providing a higher resolution predictive map, identifying probable routes of invasion, and providing areas at high risk for initial invasion and control zones, will aid in controlling and perhaps eliminating the spread of arboviruses through mosquito vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Kollars
- College of Health Sciences, Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA, USA,
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