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Yoshida S, Kohmura M. Comments on "Assessment of changes in the liver of pregnant female rats and their fetuses following monosodium glutamate administration" by Gad El-Hak et al., http://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13,557-7. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:16775-16777. [PMID: 36306071 PMCID: PMC9908732 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23858-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Yoshida
- International Glutamate Technical Committee (IGTC), National Press Building 529, 14Th Street, Suite 1280, Washington, DC, 20045, USA.
| | - Masanori Kohmura
- International Glutamate Technical Committee (IGTC), National Press Building 529, 14Th Street, Suite 1280, Washington, DC, 20045, USA
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Bahadoran Z, Mirmiran P, Ghasemi A. Monosodium Glutamate (MSG)-Induced Animal Model of Type 2 Diabetes. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1916:49-65. [PMID: 30535681 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8994-2_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In 1976, an animal model of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was described by Cameron et al. using injection of monosodium glutamate (MSG) in KK mice during the neonatal period. Some years later, similar models have been developed by various doses and durations and the main of these models exhibited obesity and features of diabetes mellitus, including glycosuria, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, decreased glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity. Studies indicated that MSG treatment of newborn animals generates necrosis of neuronal cells of the hypothalamic ventromedial nucleus and arcuate nucleus. Neonatal MSG-treatment was related to normoglycemic-normoinsulinemic state at young ages and development of obesity and hyperinsulinemia at adult ages. Following observation of a severe hypertrophy of pancreatic islets due to the proliferation of β-cells in MSG-treated mice, this model has been proposed as a useful animal model of human T2DM. A higher dose of MSG (≥4 mg/g body weight) accompanied by a longer follow-up duration (>6 months) are needed to establish a typical animal model of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Bahadoran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Ghasemi
- Endocrine Physiology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Shimada A, Castrillon EE, Baad-Hansen L, Ghafouri B, Gerdle B, Wåhlén K, Ernberg M, Cairns BE, Svensson P. Increased pain and muscle glutamate concentration after single ingestion of monosodium glutamate by myofascial temporomandibular disorders patients. Eur J Pain 2016; 20:1502-12. [PMID: 27091318 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted to investigate if single monosodium glutamate (MSG) administration would elevate muscle/serum glutamate concentrations and affect muscle pain sensitivity in myofascial temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients more than in healthy individuals. METHODS Twelve myofascial TMD patients and 12 sex- and age-matched healthy controls participated in two sessions. Participants drank MSG (150 mg/kg) or NaCl (24 mg/kg; control) diluted in 400 mL of soda. The concentration of glutamate in the masseter muscle, blood plasma and saliva was determined before and after the ingestion of MSG or control. At baseline and every 15 min after the ingestion, pain intensity was scored on a 0-10 numeric rating scale. Pressure pain threshold, pressure pain tolerance (PPTol) and autonomic parameters were measured. All participants were asked to report adverse effects after the ingestion. RESULTS In TMD, interstitial glutamate concentration was significantly greater after the MSG ingestion when compared with healthy controls. TMD reported a mean pain intensity of 2.8/10 at baseline, which significantly increased by 40% 30 min post MSG ingestion. At baseline, TMD showed lower PPTols in the masseter and trapezius, and higher diastolic blood pressure and heart rate than healthy controls. The MSG ingestion resulted in reports of headache by half of the TMD and healthy controls, respectively. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that myofascial TMD patients may be particularly sensitive to the effects of ingested MSG. WHAT DOES THIS STUDY ADD?': Elevation of interstitial glutamate concentration in the masseter muscle caused by monosodium glutamate (MSG) ingestion was significantly greater in myofascial myofascial temporomandibular disorders (TMD) patients than healthy individuals. This elevation of interstitial glutamate concentration in the masseter muscle significantly increased the intensity of spontaneous pain in myofascial TMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shimada
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark. .,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - E E Castrillon
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - L Baad-Hansen
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - B Ghafouri
- Division of Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pain and Rehabilitation Center, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - B Gerdle
- Division of Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pain and Rehabilitation Center, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - K Wåhlén
- Division of Community Medicine, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pain and Rehabilitation Center, Anaesthetics, Operations and Specialty Surgery Center, County Council of Östergötland, Linköping University, Sweden
| | - M Ernberg
- Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark.,Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - B E Cairns
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - P Svensson
- Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, Denmark.,Scandinavian Center for Orofacial Neurosciences (SCON), Aarhus, Denmark
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Insawang T, Selmi C, Cha'on U, Pethlert S, Yongvanit P, Areejitranusorn P, Boonsiri P, Khampitak T, Tangrassameeprasert R, Pinitsoontorn C, Prasongwattana V, Gershwin ME, Hammock BD. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) intake is associated with the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a rural Thai population. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2012; 9:50. [PMID: 22681873 PMCID: PMC3583269 DOI: 10.1186/1743-7075-9-50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiology and animal models suggest that dietary monosodium glutamate (MSG) may contribute to the onset of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Methods Families (n = 324) from a rural area of Thailand were selected and provided MSG as the sole source for the use in meal preparation for 10 days. Three hundred forty-nine subjects aged 35–55 years completed the study and were evaluated for energy and nutrient intake, physical activity, and tobacco smoking. The prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), insulin resistance (HOMA-IR >3), and the metabolic syndrome (ATP III criteria) were evaluated according to the daily MSG intake. Results The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome was significantly higher in the tertile with the highest MSG intake. Further, every 1 g increase in MSG intake significantly increased the risk of having the metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 1.14, 95% confidence interval-CI- 1.12 - 1.28) or being overweight (odds ratio 1.16, 95% CI 1.04 - 1.29), independent of the total energy intake and the level of physical activity. Conclusion Higher amounts of individual MSG consumption are associated with the risk of having the metabolic syndrome and being overweight independent of other major determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonkla Insawang
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Kazi TG, Kandhro GA, Afridi HI, Kazi N, Baig JA, Arain MB, Shah AQ, Syed N, Kumar S, Kolachi NF, Khan S. Interaction of copper with iron, iodine, and thyroid hormone status in goitrous patients. Biol Trace Elem Res 2010; 134:265-79. [PMID: 19693445 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-009-8478-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In many developing countries, men and women are at high risk of goiter and iron deficiency. The aim of the recent study is to assess the interaction of (Cu), with iron (Fe), iodine/iodide (I), and thyroid hormones in goitrous patients. Sixty goitrous male (GMPs) and 72 female patients (GFPs) were evaluated for the Cu, Fe, I, and thyroid hormones status in biological samples (serum and urine), and compared to non-goitrous subjects of both genders (M = 106, F = 120). The biological samples were analyzed for Cu and Fe concentration using atomic absorption spectrometer, while I was measured by the potentiometric method, prior to microwave-assisted acid digestion (MD). Quality control for the method was established with certified samples. Significantly higher mean values of Cu in serum, and urine samples of GMPs and GFPs, while lower value of Fe and I were observed as compared to control subjects (p < 0.015), respectively. The mean values of free triiodothyronine (FT3) and free thyroxin (FT4) were found to be lower in goitrous patients of both genders than in the age-matched healthy controls (p < 0.006 and 0.002), respectively, in contrast high mean values of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) were detected in patients (p < 0.009), as compared to non-goitrous subjects. It was observed that the deficiencies of Fe, I, and thyroid hormone in goitrous patients could be influenced by efficiency of Cu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasneem Gul Kazi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, Sindh University, Jamshoro, Pakistan.
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Kandhro GA, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Kazi N, Baig JA, Arain MB, Sirajuddin, Shah AQ, Sarfraz RA, Jamali MK, Syed N. Effect of zinc supplementation on the zinc level in serum and urine and their relation to thyroid hormone profile in male and female goitrous patients. Clin Nutr 2009; 28:162-8. [PMID: 19250719 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2009.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2008] [Revised: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Zinc (Zn) is an essential element involved in many basic biochemical reactions in thyroid. The aims of present study is to evaluate the Zn status in biological samples and thyroid hormones levels in 60 goitrous male (GMPs) and 72 female patients (GFPs), before and after 6 months treatment with Zn supplementation and compared with non-goitrous subjects of both genders (M=106, F=120) of age range 16-30 years. METHODS The biological samples were analyzed for Zn concentration using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer, following their microwave assisted acid digestion. Quality control for the methodology was established with certified samples and with those obtained by conventional wet acid digestion method on the same CRMs and real samples. RESULTS The results showed that the significantly lower mean values of Zn in serum, while high level urine samples of GMPs and GFPs were observed as compared to control subjects (p<0.005 and 0.007) respectively. The mean values of free triiodothyronine and thyroxin were found to be lower in goitrous patients of both genders than in the age matched healthy control (p<0.006 and 0.002) respectively, in contrast high mean values of thyroid stimulating hormone were detected in GMPs and GFPs (p<0.009). CONCLUSION It was observed that Zn status and serum thyroid hormone levels were improved in goitrous patients after six months treatment with Zn supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Abbas Kandhro
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Sindh, Pakistan.
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