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de Luxán-Hernández C, Lohmann J, Tranque E, Chumova J, Binarova P, Salinas J, Weingartner M. MDF is a conserved splicing factor and modulates cell division and stress response in Arabidopsis. Life Sci Alliance 2022; 6:6/1/e202201507. [PMID: 36265897 PMCID: PMC9585968 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The coordination of cell division with stress response is essential for maintaining genome stability in plant meristems. Proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing are important for these processes in animal and human cells. Based on its homology to the splicing factor SART1, which is implicated in the control of cell division and genome stability in human cells, we analyzed if MDF has similar functions in plants. We found that MDF associates with U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP proteins and is essential for correct splicing of 2,037 transcripts. Loss of MDF function leads to cell division defects and cell death in meristems and was associated with up-regulation of stress-induced genes and down-regulation of mitotic regulators. In addition, the mdf-1 mutant is hypersensitive to DNA damage treatment supporting its role in coordinating stress response with cell division. Our analysis of a dephosphomutant of MDF suggested how its protein activity might be controlled. Our work uncovers the conserved function of a plant splicing factor and provides novel insight into the interplay of pre-mRNA processing and genome stability in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Lohmann
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eduardo Tranque
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas “Margarita Salas” (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jana Chumova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Binarova
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julio Salinas
- Departamento de Biotecnología Microbiana y de Plantas, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas “Margarita Salas” (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Magdalena Weingartner
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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2
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Sulimenko V, Dráberová E, Dráber P. γ-Tubulin in microtubule nucleation and beyond. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:880761. [PMID: 36158181 PMCID: PMC9503634 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.880761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microtubules composed of αβ-tubulin dimers are dynamic cytoskeletal polymers that play key roles in essential cellular processes such as cell division, organelle positioning, intracellular transport, and cell migration. γ-Tubulin is a highly conserved member of the tubulin family that is required for microtubule nucleation. γ-Tubulin, together with its associated proteins, forms the γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC), that templates microtubules. Here we review recent advances in the structure of γ-TuRC, its activation, and centrosomal recruitment. This provides new mechanistic insights into the molecular mechanism of microtubule nucleation. Accumulating data suggest that γ-tubulin also has other, less well understood functions. We discuss emerging evidence that γ-tubulin can form oligomers and filaments, has specific nuclear functions, and might be involved in centrosomal cross-talk between microtubules and microfilaments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pavel Dráber
- *Correspondence: Vadym Sulimenko, ; Pavel Dráber,
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3
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Dráber P, Dráberová E. Dysregulation of Microtubule Nucleating Proteins in Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13225638. [PMID: 34830792 PMCID: PMC8616210 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The dysfunction of microtubule nucleation in cancer cells changes the overall cytoskeleton organization and cellular physiology. This review focuses on the dysregulation of the γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) proteins that are essential for microtubule nucleation. Recent research on the high-resolution structure of γ-TuRC has brought new insight into the microtubule nucleation mechanism. We discuss the effect of γ-TuRC protein overexpression on cancer cell behavior and new drugs directed to γ-tubulin that may offer a viable alternative to microtubule-targeting agents currently used in cancer chemotherapy. Abstract In cells, microtubules typically nucleate from microtubule organizing centers, such as centrosomes. γ-Tubulin, which forms multiprotein complexes, is essential for nucleation. The γ-tubulin ring complex (γ-TuRC) is an efficient microtubule nucleator that requires additional centrosomal proteins for its activation and targeting. Evidence suggests that there is a dysfunction of centrosomal microtubule nucleation in cancer cells. Despite decades of molecular analysis of γ-TuRC and its interacting factors, the mechanisms of microtubule nucleation in normal and cancer cells remains obscure. Here, we review recent work on the high-resolution structure of γ-TuRC, which brings new insight into the mechanism of microtubule nucleation. We discuss the effects of γ-TuRC protein dysregulation on cancer cell behavior and new compounds targeting γ-tubulin. Drugs inhibiting γ-TuRC functions could represent an alternative to microtubule targeting agents in cancer chemotherapy.
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Lang L, Pettkó-Szandtner A, Tunçay Elbaşı H, Takatsuka H, Nomoto Y, Zaki A, Dorokhov S, De Jaeger G, Eeckhout D, Ito M, Magyar Z, Bögre L, Heese M, Schnittger A. The DREAM complex represses growth in response to DNA damage in Arabidopsis. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/12/e202101141. [PMID: 34583930 PMCID: PMC8500230 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202101141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA of all organisms is constantly damaged by physiological processes and environmental conditions. Upon persistent damage, plant growth and cell proliferation are reduced. Based on previous findings that RBR1, the only Arabidopsis homolog of the mammalian tumor suppressor gene retinoblastoma, plays a key role in the DNA damage response in plants, we unravel here the network of RBR1 interactors under DNA stress conditions. This led to the identification of homologs of every DREAM component in Arabidopsis, including previously not recognized homologs of LIN52. Interestingly, we also discovered NAC044, a mediator of DNA damage response in plants and close homolog of the major DNA damage regulator SOG1, to directly interact with RBR1 and the DREAM component LIN37B. Consistently, not only mutants in NAC044 but also the double mutant of the two LIN37 homologs and mutants for the DREAM component E2FB showed reduced sensitivities to DNA-damaging conditions. Our work indicates the existence of multiple DREAM complexes that work in conjunction with NAC044 to mediate growth arrest after DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Lang
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Hamburg, Institute for Plant Sciences and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Aladár Pettkó-Szandtner
- Laboratory of Proteomic Research, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.,Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Hasibe Tunçay Elbaşı
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Hamburg, Institute for Plant Sciences and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hirotomo Takatsuka
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yuji Nomoto
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Ahmad Zaki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK.,School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - Stefan Dorokhov
- Department of Biological Sciences, Centre for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK
| | - Geert De Jaeger
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Eeckhout
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Masaki Ito
- School of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Zoltán Magyar
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Bögre
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB) Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maren Heese
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Hamburg, Institute for Plant Sciences and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arp Schnittger
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Hamburg, Institute for Plant Sciences and Microbiology, Hamburg, Germany
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5
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The γ-tubulin meshwork assists in the recruitment of PCNA to chromatin in mammalian cells. Commun Biol 2021; 4:767. [PMID: 34158617 PMCID: PMC8219688 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in the location of γ-tubulin ensure cell survival and preserve genome integrity. We investigated whether the nuclear accumulation of γ-tubulin facilitates the transport of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) between the cytosolic and the nuclear compartment in mammalian cells. We found that the γ-tubulin meshwork assists in the recruitment of PCNA to chromatin. Also, decreased levels of γ-tubulin reduce the nuclear pool of PCNA. In addition, the γ-tubulin C terminus encodes a PCNA-interacting peptide (PIP) motif, and a γ-tubulin–PIP-mutant affects the nuclear accumulation of PCNA. In a cell-free system, PCNA and γ-tubulin formed a complex. In tumors, there is a significant positive correlation between TUBG1 and PCNA expression. Thus, we report a novel mechanism that constitutes the basis for tumor growth by which the γ-tubulin meshwork maintains indefinite proliferation by acting as an opportune scaffold for the transport of PCNA from the cytosol to the chromatin. Corvaisier et al discover that γ-tubulin and replication protein PCNA forms a complex and that this facilitates recruitment of PCNA to chromatin both during cell division and during the DSB repair response. They identify a PCNA binding motif in γ-tubulin, which when mutated affects replication fork progression, providing insights into the role of the nuclear γ-tubulin meshwork.
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6
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Mahapatra K, Roy S. SOG1 transcription factor promotes the onset of endoreduplication under salinity stress in Arabidopsis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11659. [PMID: 34079040 PMCID: PMC8172935 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91293-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
As like in mammalian system, the DNA damage responsive cell cycle checkpoint functions play crucial role for maintenance of genome stability in plants through repairing of damages in DNA and induction of programmed cell death or endoreduplication by extensive regulation of progression of cell cycle. ATM and ATR (ATAXIA-TELANGIECTASIA-MUTATED and -RAD3-RELATED) function as sensor kinases and play key role in the transmission of DNA damage signals to the downstream components of cell cycle regulatory network. The plant-specific NAC domain family transcription factor SOG1 (SUPPRESSOR OF GAMMA RESPONSE 1) plays crucial role in transducing signals from both ATM and ATR in presence of double strand breaks (DSBs) in the genome and found to play crucial role in the regulation of key genes involved in cell cycle progression, DNA damage repair, endoreduplication and programmed cell death. Here we report that Arabidopsis exposed to high salinity shows generation of oxidative stress induced DSBs along with the concomitant induction of endoreduplication, displaying increased cell size and DNA ploidy level without any change in chromosome number. These responses were significantly prominent in SOG1 overexpression line than wild-type Arabidopsis, while sog1 mutant lines showed much compromised induction of endoreduplication under salinity stress. We have found that both ATM-SOG1 and ATR-SOG1 pathways are involved in the salinity mediated induction of endoreduplication. SOG1was found to promote G2-M phase arrest in Arabidopsis under salinity stress by downregulating the expression of the key cell cycle regulators, including CDKB1;1, CDKB2;1, and CYCB1;1, while upregulating the expression of WEE1 kinase, CCS52A and E2Fa, which act as important regulators for induction of endoreduplication. Our results suggest that Arabidopsis undergoes endoreduplicative cycle in response to salinity induced DSBs, showcasing an adaptive response in plants under salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Mahapatra
- Department of Botany, UGC Center for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713 104, India
| | - Sujit Roy
- Department of Botany, UGC Center for Advanced Studies, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag Campus, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713 104, India.
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7
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Matboli M, Hasanin AH, Hussein R, El-Nakeep S, Habib EK, Ellackany R, Saleh LA. Cyanidin 3-glucoside modulated cell cycle progression in liver precancerous lesion, in vivo study. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:1435-1450. [PMID: 33911466 PMCID: PMC8047539 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i14.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (cyan) exhibits antioxidant and anticancer properties. The cell cycle proteins and antimitotic drugs might be promising therapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma.
AIM To investigate the effect of cyan administration on cell cycle in hepatic precancerous lesion (PCL) induced by diethylnitrosamine/2-acetylaminofluorene (DEN/2-AAF) in Wistar rats.
METHODS In vivo, DEN/2-AAF-induced hepatic PCL, rats were treated with three doses of cyan (10, 15, and 20 mg/kg/d, for four consecutive days per week for 16 wk). Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for measurement of the followings; alpha fetoprotein (AFP) liver function and RNA panel differential expression was evaluated via real time polymerase chain reaction. Histopathological examination of liver sections stained with H&E and immunohistochemical study using glutathione S-transferase placental (GSTP) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies were assessed.
RESULTS Cyan administration mitigated the effect of DEN/2-AFF induced PCL, decreased AFP levels, and improved liver function. Remarkably, treatment with cyan dose dependently decreased the long non-coding RNA MALAT1 and tubulin gamma 1 mRNA expressions and increased the levels of miR-125b, all of which are involved in cell cycle and mitotic spindle assembly. Of note, cyan decreased GSTP foci percent area and PCNA positively stained nuclei.
CONCLUSION Our results indicated that cyan could be used as a potential therapeutic agent to inhibit liver carcinogenesis in rat model via modulation of cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Matboli
- Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11318, Egypt
| | - Amany H Hasanin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Reham Hussein
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Sarah El-Nakeep
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Eman K Habib
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11318, Egypt
| | - Rawan Ellackany
- Department of Undergraduate, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
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8
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Chumová J, Kourová H, Trögelová L, Daniel G, Binarová P. γ-Tubulin Complexes and Fibrillar Arrays: Two Conserved High Molecular Forms with Many Cellular Functions. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040776. [PMID: 33915825 PMCID: PMC8066788 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Higher plants represent a large group of eukaryotes where centrosomes are absent. The functions of γ-tubulin small complexes (γ-TuSCs) and γ-tubulin ring complexes (γ-TuRCs) in metazoans and fungi in microtubule nucleation are well established and the majority of components found in the complexes are present in plants. However, plant microtubules are also nucleated in a γ-tubulin-dependent but γ-TuRC-independent manner. There is growing evidence that γ-tubulin is a microtubule nucleator without being complexed in γ-TuRC. Fibrillar arrays of γ-tubulin were demonstrated in plant and animal cells and the ability of γ-tubulin to assemble into linear oligomers/polymers was confirmed in vitro for both native and recombinant γ-tubulin. The functions of γ-tubulin as a template for microtubule nucleation or in promoting spontaneous nucleation is outlined. Higher plants represent an excellent model for studies on the role of γ-tubulin in nucleation due to their acentrosomal nature and high abundancy and conservation of γ-tubulin including its intrinsic ability to assemble filaments. The defining scaffolding or sequestration functions of plant γ-tubulin in microtubule organization or in nuclear processes will help our understanding of its cellular roles in eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Chumová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (H.K.); (L.T.)
| | - Hana Kourová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (H.K.); (L.T.)
| | - Lucie Trögelová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (H.K.); (L.T.)
| | - Geoffrey Daniel
- Department of Biomaterials and Technology/Wood Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 750-07 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Pavla Binarová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic; (J.C.); (H.K.); (L.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-241-062-130
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9
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Genome-Wide Analysis of Tubulin Gene Family in Cassava and Expression of Family Member FtsZ2-1 during Various Stress. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040668. [PMID: 33807152 PMCID: PMC8065747 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous temperature-sensitive protein Z (Tubulin/FtsZ) family is a group of conserved GTP-binding (guanine nucleotide-binding) proteins, which are closely related to plant tissue development and organ formation as the major component of the cytoskeleton. According to the published genome sequence information of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), 23 tubulin genes (MeTubulins) were identified, which were divided into four main groups based on their type and phylogenetic characteristics. The same grouping generally has the same or similar motif composition and exon–intron structure. Collinear analysis showed that fragment repetition event is the main factor in amplification of cassava tubulin superfamily gene. The expression profiles of MeTubulin genes in various tissue were analyzed, and it was found that MeTubulins were mainly expressed in leaf, petiole, and stem, while FtsZ2-1 was highly expressed in storage root. The qRT-PCR results of the FtsZ2-1 gene under hormone and abiotic stresses showed that indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellin A3 (GA3) stresses could significantly increase the expression of the FtsZ2-1 gene, thereby revealing the potential role of FtsZ2-1 in IAA and GA3 stress-induced responses.
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10
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Corvaisier M, Alvarado-Kristensson M. Non-Canonical Functions of the Gamma-Tubulin Meshwork in the Regulation of the Nuclear Architecture. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113102. [PMID: 33114224 PMCID: PMC7690915 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The appearance of a cell is connected to its function. For example, the fusiform of smooth muscle cells is adapted to facilitate muscle contraction, the lobed nucleus in white blood cells assists with the migratory behavior of these immune cells, and the condensed nucleus in sperm aids in their swimming efficiency. Thus, changes in appearance have been used for decades by doctors as a diagnostic method for human cancers. Here, we summarize our knowledge of how a cell maintains the shape of the nuclear compartment. Specifically, we discuss the role of a novel protein meshwork, the gamma-tubulin meshwork, in the regulation of nuclear morphology and as a therapeutic target against cancer. Abstract The nuclear architecture describes the organization of the various compartments in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where a plethora of processes such as nucleocytoplasmic transport, gene expression, and assembly of ribosomal subunits occur in a dynamic manner. During the different phases of the cell cycle, in post-mitotic cells and after oncogenic transformation, rearrangements of the nuclear architecture take place, and, among other things, these alterations result in reorganization of the chromatin and changes in gene expression. A member of the tubulin family, γtubulin, was first identified as part of a multiprotein complex that allows nucleation of microtubules. However, more than a decade ago, γtubulin was also characterized as a nuclear protein that modulates several crucial processes that affect the architecture of the nucleus. This review presents the latest knowledge regarding changes that arise in the nuclear architecture of healthy cells and under pathological conditions and, more specifically, considers the particular involvement of γtubulin in the modulation of the biology of the nuclear compartment.
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Sánchez-Camargo VA, Suárez-Espinoza C, Romero-Rodríguez S, Garza-Aguilar SM, Stam M, García-Ramírez E, Lara-Núñez A, Vázquez-Ramos JM. Maize E2F transcription factors. Expression, association to promoters of S-phase genes and interaction with the RBR1 protein in chromatin during seed germination. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 296:110491. [PMID: 32540010 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
For seed germination, it is necessary to restart the cell cycle, a process regulated at multiple levels including transcriptional control, that is executed by the E2F family of transcription factors. We identified 12 genes of the E2F family in maize that are expressed differentially during the first 28 h post imbibition (HAI). E2Fa/b1;1 and E2Fc proteins were characterized as an activator and a putative repressor respectively, both forming heterodimers with DPb2 that bind differentially to consensus E2F response elements in promoters of E2F target genes. Transcripts of target genes for these transcription factors accumulate during germination; in dry seeds E2Fc protein is enriched in the target promoters and is replaced by E2Fa/b1;1 as germination advances. RBR1 is found in the same promoters in non-imbibed and 28 HAI seeds, when DNA replication has concluded, and transcription of the E2F targets should stop. During germination promoters of these target genes seem to be decorated with histone marks related to relaxed chromatin structure. Therefore, E2Fs appear to occupy their target genes in a context of open chromatin, with RBR1 fine tuning the progression between the phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor A Sánchez-Camargo
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad y Copilco, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Cassandra Suárez-Espinoza
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad y Copilco, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Samantha Romero-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad y Copilco, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Sara M Garza-Aguilar
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad y Copilco, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Maike Stam
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Elpidio García-Ramírez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad y Copilco, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Aurora Lara-Núñez
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad y Copilco, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico
| | - Jorge M Vázquez-Ramos
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad y Copilco, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico.
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12
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Nagy SK, Kállai BM, András J, Mészáros T. A novel family of expression vectors with multiple affinity tags for wheat germ cell-free protein expression. BMC Biotechnol 2020; 20:17. [PMID: 32169064 PMCID: PMC7071761 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-020-00610-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell-free protein expression has become a widely used alternative of in vivo, cell-based systems in functional and structural studies of proteins. The wheat germ-based method outstands from the commercially available eukaryotic in vitro translation systems by its flexibility, high translation efficiency and success rate of properly folded eukaryotic protein synthesis. The original T7 promoter containing pEU3-NII vector was improved previously by addition of a ligation-independent cloning site, His6- and GST-tags, and a TEV protease cleavage site to facilitate the creation of recombinant plasmids, permit affinity purification, and enable production of purified, tag-free target proteins, respectively. RESULTS Here, we describe a further development of pEU3-NII vector by inserting the rare-cutting, NotI restriction enzyme cleavage site to simplify vector linearization step prior to in vitro transcription. Additionally, His12, FLAG, and Halo affinity tag coding vectors have been created to increase detection sensitivity, specificity of interaction studies, and provide covalently linkable ligands for pull-down assays, respectively. Finally, the presented GST-His6, and GST-biotin double-tagging vectors could broaden the range of possibilities of protein-protein interaction studies. CONCLUSIONS The new generation of pEU3-NII vector family allows a more rapid production of translationally active mRNA and wheat germ cell-free expression of target proteins with a wide variety of affinity tags thus enables designing flexible and diverse experimental arrangement for in vitro studies of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szilvia Krisztina Nagy
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Margit Kállai
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary
| | - Judit András
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary
| | - Tamás Mészáros
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, 37-47 Tűzoltó Street, Budapest, H-1094, Hungary.
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