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Tian-Huang Formula, a Traditional Chinese Medicinal Prescription, Improves Hepatosteatosis and Glucose Intolerance Targeting AKT-SREBP Nexus in Diet-Induced Obese Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6617586. [PMID: 33763145 PMCID: PMC7955866 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6617586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The progressive increase of metabolic diseases underscores the necessity for developing effective therapies. Although we found Tian-Huang formula (THF) could alleviate metabolic disorders, the underlying mechanism remains to be fully understood. In the present study, firstly, male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed with high-fat diet plus high-fructose drink (HFF, the diet is about 60% of calories from fat and the drink is 12.5% fructose solution) for 14 weeks to induce hepatosteatosis and glucose intolerance and then treated with THF (200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. Then, metabolomics analysis was performed with rat liver samples and following the clues illustrated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) with the metabolomics discoveries, RT-qPCR and Western blotting were carried out to validate the putative pathways. Our results showed that THF treatment reduced the body weight from 735.1 ± 81.29 to 616.3 ± 52.81 g and plasma triglyceride from 1.5 ± 0.42 to 0.88 ± 0.33 mmol/L; meanwhile, histological examinations of hepatic tissue and epididymis adipose tissue showed obvious alleviation. Compared with the HFF group, the fasting serum insulin and blood glucose level of the THF group were improved from 20.77 ± 6.58 to 9.65 ± 5.48 mIU/L and from 8.96 ± 0.56 to 7.66 ± 1.25 mmol/L, respectively, so did the serum aspartate aminotransferase, insulin resistance index, and oral glucose tolerance (p = 0.0019, 0.0053, and 0.0066, respectively). Furthermore, based on a list of 32 key differential endogenous metabolites, the molecular networks generated by IPA suggested that THF alleviated glucose intolerance and hepatosteatosis by activating phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL-R) involved pathways. RT-qPCR and Western blotting results confirmed that THF alleviated hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance partly through protein kinase B- (AKT-) sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) nexus. Our findings shed light on molecular mechanisms of THF on alleviating metabolic diseases and provided further evidence for developing its therapeutic potential.
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Li K, Yuan M, He Z, Wu Q, Zhang C, Lei Z, Rong X, Huang Z, Turnbull JE, Guo J. Omics Insights into Metabolic Stress and Resilience of Rats in Response to Short‐term Fructose Overfeeding. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900773. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun‐Ping Li
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal SciencesGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
- School of PharmacyGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Min Yuan
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal SciencesGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
- School of PharmacyGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Zhuo‐Ru He
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal SciencesGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
- School of PharmacyGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Qi Wu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal SciencesGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Medicine Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Chu‐Mei Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal SciencesGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
- School of PharmacyGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Zhi‐Li Lei
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal SciencesGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Medicine Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Xiang‐Lu Rong
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal SciencesGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Medicine Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Zebo Huang
- School of Food Science and EngineeringSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Jeremy E. Turnbull
- Centre for Glycobiology, Department of BiochemistryInstitute of Integrative BiologyUniversity of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZB UK
| | - Jiao Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal SciencesGuangdong Pharmaceutical University Guangzhou 510006 China
- Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Medicine Guangzhou 510006 China
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Kirsch-Volders M, Fenech M, Bolognesi C. Validity of the Lymphocyte Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay (L-CBMN) as biomarker for human exposure to chemicals with different modes of action: A synthesis of systematic reviews. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 836:47-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Guo X, Ni J, Liang Z, Xue J, Fenech MF, Wang X. The molecular origins and pathophysiological consequences of micronuclei: New insights into an age-old problem. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2018; 779:1-35. [PMID: 31097147 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN), the small nucleus-like bodies separated from the primary nucleus, can exist in cells with numerical and/or structural chromosomal aberrations in apparently normal tissues and more so in tumors in humans. While MN have been observed for over 100 years, they were merely and constantly considered as passive indicators of chromosome instability (CIN) for a long time. Relatively little is known about the molecular origins and biological consequences of MN. Rapid technological advances are helping to close these gaps. Very recent studies provide exciting evidence that MN act as key platform for chromothripsis and a trigger of innate immune response, suggesting that MN could affect cellular functions by both genetic and nongenetic means. These previously unappreciated findings have reawakened widespread interests in MN. In this review, the diverse mechanisms leading to MN generation and the complex fate profiles of MN are discussed, together with the evidence for their contribution to CIN, inflammation, senescence and cell death. Moreover, we put this knowledge together into a speculative perspective on how MN may be responsible for cancer development and how their presence may influence the choice of treatment. We suggest that the heterogeneous responses to MN may function physiological to ensure the arrestment, elimination and immune clearance of damaged cells, but pathologically, may enable the survival and oncogenic transformation of cells bearing CIN. These insights not only underscore the complexity of MN biology, but also raise a host of new questions and provide fertile ground for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xihan Guo
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Juan Ni
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Ziqing Liang
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Jinglun Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Michael F Fenech
- University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia; Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, SA, 5048, Australia.
| | - Xu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, The Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
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Dass Singh M, Thomas P, Hor M, Almond T, Owens J, Hague W, Fenech M. Infant birth outcomes are associated with DNA damage biomarkers as measured by the cytokinesis block micronucleus cytome assay: the DADHI study. Mutagenesis 2017; 32:355-370. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Wang LY, Liu J, Li Y, Li B, Zhang YY, Jing ZW, Yu YN, Li HX, Guo SS, Zhao YJ, Wang Z, Wang YY. Time-dependent variation of pathways and networks in a 24-hour window after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY 2015; 9:11. [PMID: 25884595 PMCID: PMC4355473 DOI: 10.1186/s12918-015-0152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 02/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury may simultaneously result in functional variation of multiple genes/pathways. However, most prior time-sequence studies on its pathomechanism only focused on a single gene or pathway. Our study aimed to systematically analyze the time-dependent variation in the expression of multiple pathways and networks within 24 h after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Results By uploading 374 ischemia-related genes into the MetaCore software, the variation in the expression of multiple pathways and networks in 3 h, 12 h, and 24 h after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury had been analyzed. The conserved TNFR1-signaling pathway, among the top 10 pathways, was consistently enriched in 3 h, 12 h, and 24 h groups. Three overlapping pathways were found between 3 h and 12 h groups; 2 between 12 h and 24 h groups; and 1 between 3 h and 24 h groups. Five, 4, and 6 non-overlapping pathways were observed in 3 h, 12 h, and 24 h groups, respectively. Apart from pathways reported by earlier studies, we identified a novel pathway related to the time-dependent development of cerebral ischemia pathogenesis. The process of apoptosis stimulation by external signals, among the top 10 processes, was consistently enriched in 3 h, 12 h, and 24 h groups; 2, 1, and 2 processes overlapped between 3 h and 12 h groups, 12 h and 24 h groups, and 3 h and 24 h groups, respectively. Four, 5, and 5 non-overlapping processes were found in 3 h, 12 h and 24 h groups, respectively. The presence of apoptotic processes was observed in all the 3 groups; while anti-apoptotic processes only existed in 3 h and 12 h groups. Additionally, according to node degree, network comparison identified 1, 8,and 5 important genes or proteins (e.g. Pyk2, PKC, E2F1, and VEGF-A) in 3 h, 12 h, and 24 h groups, respectively. The Jaccard similarity index revealed a higher level of similarity between 12 h and 24 h groups than that between 3 h and 12 h groups. Conclusion Time-dependent treatment can be utilized to reduce apoptosis, which may activate anti-apoptotic pathways within 12 h after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Pathway and network analyses may help identify novel pathways and genes implicated in disease pathogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12918-015-0152-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Jun Liu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yuan Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 East Road, North of 3rd Ring Road, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Bing Li
- Institute of Information on Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ying-Ying Zhang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Jing
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ya-Nan Yu
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hai-Xia Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of China Medical Sciences, No.5 Beixiange, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Shan-Shan Guo
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yi-Jun Zhao
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Zhong Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Yong-Yan Wang
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dongzhimennei Nanxiaojie 16#, Beijing, 100700, China.
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A novel transcriptomics based in vitro method to compare and predict hepatotoxicity based on mode of action. Toxicology 2015; 328:29-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Bruckert WM, Abu Kwaik Y. Complete and ubiquitinated proteome of the Legionella-containing vacuole within human macrophages. J Proteome Res 2014; 14:236-48. [PMID: 25369898 PMCID: PMC4286187 DOI: 10.1021/pr500765x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
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Within protozoa or human macrophages Legionella pneumophila evades the endosomal pathway and
replicates within an ER-derived
vacuole termed the Legionella-containing vacuole
(LCV). The LCV membrane-localized AnkB effector of L. pneumophila is an F-box protein that mediates decoration of the LCV with lysine48-linked polyubiquitinated proteins, which is essential for
intravacuolar replication. Using high-throughput LC–MS analysis,
we have identified the total and ubiquitinated host-derived proteome
of LCVs purified from human U937 macrophages. The LCVs harboring the
AA100/130b WT strain contain 1193 proteins including 24 ubiquitinated
proteins, while the ankB mutant LCVs contain 1546
proteins with 29 ubiquitinated proteins. Pathway analyses reveal the
enrichment of proteins involved in signaling, protein transport, phosphatidylinositol,
and carbohydrate metabolism on both WT and ankB mutant
LCVs. The ankB mutant LCVs are preferentially enriched
for proteins involved in transcription/translation and immune responses.
Ubiquitinated proteins on the WT strain LCVs are enriched for immune
response, signaling, regulation, intracellular trafficking, and amino
acid transport pathways, while ubiquitinated proteins on the ankB mutant LCVs are enriched for vesicle trafficking, signaling,
and ubiquitination pathways. The complete and ubiquitinated LCV proteome
within human macrophages illustrates complex and dynamic biogenesis
of the LCV and provides a rich resource for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- William M Bruckert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville , 319 Abraham Flexner Way 55A, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, United States
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Kirsch-Volders M, Bonassi S, Knasmueller S, Holland N, Bolognesi C, Fenech MF. Commentary: Critical questions, misconceptions and a road map for improving the use of the lymphocyte cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay for in vivo biomonitoring of human exposure to genotoxic chemicals—A HUMN project perspective. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2014; 759:49-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Systemic revealing pharmacological signalling pathway networks in the hippocampus of ischaemia-reperfusion mice treated with baicalin. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:630723. [PMID: 24381634 PMCID: PMC3870072 DOI: 10.1155/2013/630723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 07/26/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background. Baicalin (BA) exhibits ill understood neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidative effects in brain injury. Objective. To identify the differential network pathways associated with BA-related biological effects. Methods. MCAO-induced mice received BA 5 mg/Kg (BA group). Controls received vehicle only. Following ischaemia-reperfusion, ArrayTrack analysed the whole genome microarray of hippocampal genes, and MetaCore analysed differentially expressed genes. Results. Four reversing pathways were common to BA and controls, but only 6 were in the top 10 for BA. Three of the top 5 signalling pathways in controls were not observed in BA. BA treatment made absent 3 pathways of the top 5 signalling pathways from the top 5 in controls. There were 2 reversing pathways between controls and BA that showed altered gene expression. Controls had 6 networks associated with cerebral ischaemia. After BA treatment, 9 networks were associated with cerebral ischaemia. Enrichment analysis identified 10 significant biological processes in BA and controls. Of the 10 most significant molecular functions, 7 were common to BA and controls, and only 3 occurred in BA. BA and controls had 7 significant cellular components. Conclusions. This study showed that the clinical effectiveness of BA was based on the complementary effects of multiple pathways and networks.
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Luzhna L, Kathiria P, Kovalchuk O. Micronuclei in genotoxicity assessment: from genetics to epigenetics and beyond. Front Genet 2013; 4:131. [PMID: 23874352 PMCID: PMC3708156 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN) are extra-nuclear bodies that contain damaged chromosome fragments and/or whole chromosomes that were not incorporated into the nucleus after cell division. MN can be induced by defects in the cell repair machinery and accumulation of DNA damages and chromosomal aberrations. A variety of genotoxic agents may induce MN formation leading to cell death, genomic instability, or cancer development. In this review, the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of MN formation after various clastogenic and aneugenic effects on cell division and cell cycle are described. The knowledge accumulated in literature on cytotoxicity of various genotoxins is precisely reflected and individual sensitivity to MN formation due to single gene polymorphisms is discussed. The importance of rapid MN scoring with respect to the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay is also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiya Luzhna
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge Lethbridge, AB, Canada
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12
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Heng HHQ, Liu G, Stevens JB, Abdallah BY, Horne SD, Ye KJ, Bremer SW, Chowdhury SK, Ye CJ. Karyotype heterogeneity and unclassified chromosomal abnormalities. Cytogenet Genome Res 2013; 139:144-57. [PMID: 23571381 DOI: 10.1159/000348682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In a departure from traditional gene-centric thinking with regard to cytogenetics and cytogenomics, the recently introduced genome theory calls upon a re-focusing of our attention on karyotype analyses of disease conditions. Karyotype heterogeneity has been demonstrated to be directly involved in the somatic cell evolution process which is the basis of many common and complex diseases such as cancer. To correctly use karyotype heterogeneity and apply it to monitor system instability, we need to include many seemingly unimportant non-specific chromosomal aberrations into our analysis. Traditionally, cytogenetic analysis has been focused on identifying recurrent types of abnormalities, particularly those that have been linked to specific diseases. In this perspective, drawing on the new framework of 4D-genomics, we will briefly review the importance of studying karyotype heterogeneity. We have also listed a number of overlooked chromosomal aberrations including defective mitotic figures, chromosome fragmentation as well as genome chaos. Finally, we call for the systematic discovery/characterization and classification of karyotype abnormalities in human diseases, as karyotype heterogeneity is the common factor that is essential for somatic cell evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Q Heng
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Mich. 48201, USA.
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York TP, Brumelle J, Juusola J, Kendler KS, Eaves LJ, Amstadter AB, Aggen SH, Jones KH, Ferreira-Gonzalez A, Jackson-Cook C. Increased frequency of micronuclei in adults with a history of childhood sexual abuse: a discordant monozygotic twin study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55337. [PMID: 23383158 PMCID: PMC3559336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a traumatic life event associated with an increased lifetime risk for psychopathology/morbidity. The long-term biological consequences of CSA-elicited stress on chromosomal stability in adults are unknown. The primary aim of this study was to determine if the rate of acquired chromosomal changes, measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay on stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes, differs in adult female monozygotic twins discordant for CSA. METHODS Monozygotic twin pairs discordant for CSA were identified from a larger population-based sample of female adult twins for whom the experience of CSA was assessed by self-report (51 individuals including a reference sample). Micronuclei (MN) contain chromatin from structurally normal or abnormal chromosomes that are excluded from the daughter nuclei during cell division and serve as a biomarker to assess acquired chromosomal instability. RESULTS Female twins exposed to CSA exhibited a 1.63-fold average increase in their frequency of MN compared to their nonexposed genetically identical cotwins (Paired t-test, t₁₆ = 2.65, P = 0.017). No additional effects of familial factors were detected after controlling for the effect of CSA exposure. A significant interaction between CSA history and age was observed, suggesting that the biological effects of CSA on MN formation may be cumulative. CONCLUSIONS These data support a direct link between CSA exposure and MN formation measured in adults that is not attributable to genetic or environmental factors shared by siblings. Further research is warranted to understand the biological basis for the observed increase in acquired chromosomal findings in people exposed to CSA and to determine if acquired somatic chromosomal abnormalities/somatic clonal mosaicism might mediate the adult pathology associated with CSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P York
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America.
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Global Gene Expression Analysis in Cord Blood Reveals Gender-Specific Differences in Response to Carcinogenic Exposure In Utero. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2012; 21:1756-67. [DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-12-0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Nair-Shalliker V, Fenech M, Forder PM, Clements MS, Armstrong BK. Sunlight and vitamin D affect DNA damage, cell division and cell death in human lymphocytes: a cross-sectional study in South Australia. Mutagenesis 2012; 27:609-14. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ges026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Fenech M. Current status, new frontiers and challenges in radiation biodosimetry using cytogenetic, transcriptomic and proteomic technologies. RADIAT MEAS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2011.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hebels DGAJ, Jennen DGJ, van Herwijnen MHM, Moonen EJC, Pedersen M, Knudsen LE, Kleinjans JCS, de Kok TMCM. Whole-genome gene expression modifications associated with nitrosamine exposure and micronucleus frequency in human blood cells. Mutagenesis 2011; 26:753-61. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ger043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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18
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Fenech M. Current Knowledge and Strategies to Determine Dietary Reference Values for DNA Damage Prevention. Genes Environ 2011. [DOI: 10.3123/jemsge.33.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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