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Cal BBF, Araújo LBN, Nunes BM, da Silva CR, Oliveira MBN, Soares BO, Leitão AAC, de Pádula M, Nascimento D, Chaves DSA, Gagliardi RF, Dantas FJS. Cytotoxicity of Extracts from Petiveria alliacea Leaves on Yeast. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3263. [PMID: 36501303 PMCID: PMC9741084 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Petiveria alliacea L. is a plant used in traditional medicine harboring pharmacological properties with anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, hypoglycemiant and anesthetic activities. This study assessed the potential cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic effects of ethanolic extract of P. alliacea on Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. S. cerevisiae FF18733 (wild type) and CD138 (ogg1) strains were exposed to fractioned ethanolic extracts of P. alliacea in different concentrations. Three experimental assays were performed: cellular inactivation, mutagenesis (canavanine resistance system) and loss of mitochondrial function (petites colonies). The chemical analyses revealed a rich extract with phenolic compounds such as protocatechuic acid, cinnamic and catechin epicatechin. A decreased cell viability in wild-type and ogg1 strains was demonstrated. All fractions of the extract exerted a mutagenic effect on the ogg1 strain. Only ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions increased the rate of petites colonies in the ogg1 strain, but not in the wild-type strain. The results indicate that fractions of mid-polarity of the ethanolic extract, at the studied concentrations, can induce mutagenicity mediated by oxidative lesions in the mitochondrial and genomic genomes of the ogg1-deficient S. cerevisiae strain. These findings indicate that the lesions caused by the fractions of P. alliacea ethanolic extract can be mediated by reactive oxygen species and can reach multiple molecular targets to exert their toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna B. F. Cal
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Luana B. N. Araújo
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Brenno M. Nunes
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Claudia R. da Silva
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Marcia B. N. Oliveira
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Bianka O. Soares
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Alvaro A. C. Leitão
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Marcelo de Pádula
- Laboratório de Microbiologia e Avaliação Genotóxica (LAMIAG), Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Debora Nascimento
- Laboratório de Química de Bioativos Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Rio de Janeiro 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Douglas S. A. Chaves
- Laboratório de Química de Bioativos Naturais, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Rio de Janeiro 23897-000, Brazil
| | - Rachel F. Gagliardi
- Núcleo de Biotecnologia Vegetal, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil
| | - Flavio J. S. Dantas
- Departamento de Biofísica e Biometria, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
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Negritto MC, Valdez C, Sharma J, Rosenberg C, Selassie CR. Growth Inhibition and DNA Damage Induced by X-Phenols in Yeast: A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Study. ACS OMEGA 2017; 2:8568-8579. [PMID: 29302629 PMCID: PMC5748281 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds and their derivatives are ubiquitous constituents of numerous synthetic and natural chemicals that exist in the environment. Their toxicity is mostly attributed to their hydrophobicity and/or the formation of free radicals. In a continuation of the study of phenolic toxicity in a systematic manner, we have examined the biological responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to a series of mostly monosubstituted phenols utilizing a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) approach. The biological end points included a growth assay that determines the levels of growth inhibition induced by the phenols as well as a yeast deletion (DEL) assay that assesses the ability of X-phenols to induce DNA damage or DNA breaks. The QSAR analysis of cell growth patterns determined by IC50 and IC80 values indicates that toxicity is delineated by a hydrophobic, parabolic model. The DEL assay was then utilized to detect genomic deletions in yeast. The increase in the genotoxicity was enhanced by the electrophilicity of the phenolic substituents that were strong electron donors as well as by minimal hydrophobicity. The electrophilicities are represented by Brown's sigma plus values that are a variant of the Hammett sigma constants. A few mutant strains of genes involved in DNA repair were separately exposed to 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methyl-phenol (BHT) and butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA). They were subsequently screened for growth phenotypes. BHA-induced growth defects in most of the DNA repair null mutant strains, whereas BHT was unresponsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Cristina Negritto
- Molecular
Biology Program, Department of Biology/Department of Chemistry, Pomona College, 175 West 6th Street, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Clarissa Valdez
- Molecular
Biology Program, Department of Biology/Department of Chemistry, Pomona College, 175 West 6th Street, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Jasmine Sharma
- Molecular
Biology Program, Department of Biology/Department of Chemistry, Pomona College, 175 West 6th Street, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Christa Rosenberg
- Chemistry
Department, Pomona College, 645 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Cynthia R. Selassie
- Chemistry
Department, Pomona College, 645 North College Avenue, Claremont, California 91711, United States
- E-mail: (C.R.S.)
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