1
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Qiu C, Liu Z. Positive selection and functional diversification of transcription factor Cmr1 homologs in Alternaria. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:133. [PMID: 38229332 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12893-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factor Cmr1 (Colletotrichum melanin regulation 1) and its homologs in several plant fungal pathogens are the regulators of the 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN)-melanin biosynthesis pathway and have evolved functional diversification in morphology and pathogenicity. The fungal genus Alternaria comprises the group of "black fungi" that are rich in DHN-melanin in the primary cell wall and septa of the conidia. Some Alternaria species cause many economically important plant diseases worldwide. However, the evolution and function of Cmr1 homologs in Alternaria remain poorly understood. Here, we identified a total of forty-two Cmr1 homologs from forty-two Alternaria spp. and all contained one additional diverse fungal specific transcription factor motif. Phylogenetic analysis indicated the division of these homologs into five major clades and three branches. Dated phylogeny showed the A and D clades diverged latest and earliest, respectively. Molecular evolutionary analyses revealed that three amino acid sites of Cmr1 homologs in Alternaria were the targets of positive selection. Asmr1, the homolog of Cmr1 in the potato early blight pathogen, Alternaria solani was amplified and displayed the sequence conservation at the amino acid level in different A. solani isolates. Asmr1 was further confirmed to have the transcriptional activation activity and was upregulated during the early stage of potato infection. Deletion of asmr1 led to the decreased melanin content and pathogenicity, deformed conidial morphology, and responses to cell wall and fungicide stresses in A. solani. These results suggest positive selection and functional divergence have played a role in the evolution of Cmr1 homologs in Alternaria. KEY POINTS: • Cmr1 homologs were under positive selection in Alternaria species • Asmr1 is a functional transcription factor, involved in spore development, melanin biosynthesis, pathogenicity, and responses to cell wall and fungicide stresses in A. solani • Cmr1 might be used as a potential taxonomic marker of the genus Alternaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaodong Qiu
- Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management On Crops, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
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2
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Tian J, Xu L, Sun JQ. Taxonomic characterization and comparative genomic analysis of a novel Devosia species revealed that phenolic acid-degrading traits are ubiquitous in the Devosia genus. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 261:119724. [PMID: 39096995 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Phenolic acids (PAs) are widely distributed allelochemicals in various environments. To better understand the fate of PAs in environments, a halotolerant PAs-degrading bacterium (named strain RR2S18T) isolated from rhizosphere soil was identified as a novel species of Devosia, named Devosia rhizosphaerae sp. nov. The strain initially degraded PAs into central ring-fission intermediates (protocatechuic acid) using the CoA-dependent non-β-oxidation pathway. The produced ring-fission intermediates were then consecutively degraded by an ortho-cleavage reaction and the β-ketoadipic acid pathway. A comparative genomics analysis of 62 Devosia strains revealed that PAs-degrading genes were ubiquitous in their genomes, indicating that PAs degradation is universal among members of this genus. The analysis also suggested that the genes involved in CoA-dependent non-β-oxidation are inherent to Devosia strains, while those involved in ring-fission and β-ketoadipic acid pathways were obtained by horizontal gene transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China
| | - Lian Xu
- Jiangsu Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-saving Fertilizers, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, PR China
| | - Ji-Quan Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, PR China.
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3
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Telles-de-Deus J, Guimarães LDO, Rocha EC, Helfstein VC, Reginato SL, Mucci LF, Bergo ES, de Camargo-Neves VLF, Kirchgatter K. COI DNA barcoding to differentiate Haemagogus janthinomys and Haemagogus capricornii (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes. Acta Trop 2024; 259:107377. [PMID: 39245155 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2024.107377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
The genus Haemagogus (Diptera: Culicidae) includes species that are important vectors of pathogens such as the yellow fever virus. The accurate identification of these species is essential for the control of zoonoses. Females of Hg. capricornii and Hg. janthinomys are morphologically indistinguishable, which makes the use of alternative identification techniques desirable. This study aimed to obtain sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene, in the region widely used for DNA barcoding, of Haemagogus specimens from the state of São Paulo, Brazil, to evaluate the effectiveness of these sequences in the molecular identification of the species. A total of 37 female and 2 male mosquitoes were collected in various locations in the state of São Paulo, using methods such as hand-nets, Shannon traps, CDC light traps with CO2 bait and Nasci aspirators. The sequences of a 710 bp fragment of the COI gene were amplified by PCR and sequenced. A phylogenetic tree reconstruction was conducted using the Bayesian approach implemented in MrBayes v3.2.2, providing support values for taxa where genetic clusters may indicate the presence of new or cryptic species. We obtained 39 COI sequences representing three species: Haemagogus capricornii, Haemagogus leucocelaenus, and Haemagogus janthinomys. Bayesian analysis of the sequences produced clades that corroborate the morphological identification of the species. The separation of Hg. capricornii and Hg. janthinomys received 100 % statistical support and the Hg. capricornii was very well supported (91 %). The two sequences from male specimens, morphologically identified as Hg. capricornii, were grouped in the same clade, a sister clade of Hg. janthinomys. It is important to highlight that the Hg. janthinomys were positioned in several subclades, showing a polymorphism of this species within the state, a situation not observed for Hg. capricornii. For the first time, sequences of the mtCOI gene from Hg. capricornii were obtained and related to morphologically identified specimens. COI sequences proved effective in the molecular identification of Haemagogus species. This study contributes to the expansion of the GenBank database, providing the first sequences of Hg. capricornii and new sequences for Hg. janthinomys and Hg. leucocelaenus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Esmenia Coelho Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Christe Helfstein
- Pasteur Institute, São Paulo 01027-000, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Karin Kirchgatter
- Pasteur Institute, São Paulo 01027-000, SP, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-000, SP, Brazil.
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4
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Zhou J, Li J, Chen G, Zheng L, Mei X, Xue C, Chang Y. Discovery and characterization of a novel poly-mannuronate preferred alginate lyase: The first member of a new polysaccharide lyase family. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 343:122474. [PMID: 39174099 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Alginate is one of the most important marine colloidal polysaccharides, and its oligosaccharides have been proven to possess diverse biological functions. Alginate lyases could specifically degrade alginate and therefore serve as desirable tools for the research and development of alginate. In this report, a novel catalytic domain, which demonstrated no significant sequence similarity with all previously defined functional domains, was verified to exhibit a random endo-acting lyase activity to alginate. The action pattern analysis revealed that the heterologously expressed protein, named Aly44A, preferred to degrade polyM. Its minimum substrates and the minimum products were identified as unsaturated alginate trisaccharides and disaccharides, respectively. Based on the sequence novelty of Aly44A and its homologs, a new polysaccharide lyase family (PL44) was proposed. The discovery of the novel enzyme and polysaccharide lyase family provided a new entrance for the gene-mining and acquiring of alginate lyases, and would facilitate to the utilization of alginate and its oligosaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jiajing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Guangning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Long Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xuanwei Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China.
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5
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Xue NY, Qin SY, Qin Y, Wang HT, Hou QY, Yang X, Jiang J, Ni HB. Existence of Blastocystis infection in bar-headed goose (Anser indicus). Res Vet Sci 2024; 178:105380. [PMID: 39173243 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Blastocystis is a common intestinal protist in humans and animals. Currently, Blastocystis infection in bar-headed geese is unknown. To understand the prevalence and distribution of Blastocystis subtypes in bar-headed geese, fecal samples were collected from 358 bar-headed geese in three regions. The total infection rate of Blastocystis in bar-headed in China was 5.9% (21/358), with 5.0% (6/120) in Aba (Ngawa) Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefect, Sichuan province, 11.8% (14/119) in Maqu county, Gansu province, and 0.8% (1/119) in Caohai, Wei ning county, Guizhou province. The differences in prevalence rates by region were statistically significant. Sequences analyses showed that one known subtype (ST7, n = 16) and one potentially novel ST (n = 5) in bar-headed geese were detected in this study. This is the first report on the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis in bar-headed geese, which will improve our understanding of the epidemiology and public health implications of Blastocystis infection in wild migratory birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Yu Xue
- College of Life Sciences, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, Jilin Province, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Si-Yuan Qin
- Center of Prevention and Control Biological Disaster, State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Ya Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin Province, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Qing-Yu Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Jing Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Shuangyang, Jilin Province, PR China.
| | - Hong-Bo Ni
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong Province, PR China.
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6
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Mei X, Tao W, Sun H, Liu G, Chen G, Zhang Y, Xue C, Chang Y. Characterization and structural identification of a novel alginate-specific carbohydrate-binding module (CBM): The founding member of a new CBM family. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134221. [PMID: 39069041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Alginate is a commercially important polysaccharide widely distributed in brown algae. Carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs), a class of commonly used polysaccharide-binding proteins, have greatly facilitated the investigations of polysaccharides. Few alginate-binding CBMs have been hitherto reported and structurally characterized. Herein, an unknown domain from a potential PL6 family alginate lyase in the marine bacterium Vibrio breoganii was discovered and recombinantly expressed. The obtained protein, designated VbCBM106, displayed the favorable specificity to alginate. The unique sequence and well-defined function of VbCBM106 reveal a new CBM family (CBM106). Moreover, the structure of VbCBM106 was determined at a 1.5 Å resolution by the X-ray crystallography, which shows a typical β-sandwich fold comprised of two antiparallel β-sheets. Site-directed mutagenesis assays confirmed that positively charged polar residues are crucial for the ligand binding of VbCBM106. The discovery of VbCBM106 enriches the toolbox of alginate-binding proteins, and the elucidation of critical residues would guide the future practical applications of VbCBM106.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanwei Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Wenwen Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Guanchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Guangning Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Yuying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Changhu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao, 266404, China.
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7
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Li J, Sun M, Liu G, Zhou J, Chang Y, Xue C. Characterization and elucidation of a novel M-specific alginate lyase Aly7Aq with strict recognition at subsites ±2. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133972. [PMID: 39029836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
A novel alginate lyase Aly7Aq was cloned and heterologous expressed by a combination of bioinformatics and molecular biology. Aly7Aq was an M-specific alginate lyase, exhibiting optimum reaction conditions at 50 °C and pH 10.0. Aly7Aq was determined to degrade polysaccharides in a random endo-acting manner. The minimum reaction substrate was tetrasaccharide, and Aly7Aq mainly attacked the third glycosidic linkage from the reducing end of oligosaccharide substrates. The disaccharide product of Aly7Aq was ΔM and the trisaccharide products were ΔMM and ΔMG, which differed from all previously characterized M-specific alginate lyases. The degradation products demonstrated that the ±2 subsites of Aly7Aq strictly recognized M units, while the -1 subsite accommodated both M and G units. Therefore, the substrate specificity of Aly7Aq was derived from the specificity of ±2 subsites. This is the first report on the specificity at subsite ±2 of M-specific alginate lyase. The novel M-specific Aly7Aq could serve as a potential tool in the specific degradation of alginate and targeted preparation of oligosaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Menghui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Guanchen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jinhang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China.
| | - Changhu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
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Jeena NS, Rahuman S, Sebastian W, Kumar R, Sajeela KA, Kizhakudan JK, Menon KK, Roul SK, Gopalakrishnan A, Radhakrishnan EV. Mitogenomic recognition of incognito lineages in the mud spiny lobster Panulirus polyphagus (Herbst, 1793): A tale of unique genetic structuring and diversification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134327. [PMID: 39098694 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
This study provides the first documentation of three deep conspecific lineages within Panulirus polyphagus in the Indian Ocean, bridging the gap in genetic research. Comparative mitogenomics between lineages (L) at both species and family levels, evolutionary relationships and heterogeneity of sequence divergence within Decapoda, and divergence time estimation were performed. The characterized mitogenomes ranged from 15,685-15,705 bp in size and exhibited a typical pancrustacean pattern. Among the three lineages, L1 predominated the Bay of Bengal, L2 the Arabian Sea, and L2.a, a less common lineage genetically closer to L2, was restricted to the latter region. A minor lineage L1.a, was observed in the Coral Triangle area. All PCGs displayed evidence of purifying selection across species and family levels. The largest genetic distance (K2P) between lineages was 9 %, notably between L1.a and L2.a. The phylogenetic tree subdivided the Achelates into Palinuridae and Scyllaridae, and the topology demonstrated a distinct pattern of lineage diversification within P. polyphagus. AliGROOVE analysis revealed no discernible divergence in Decapoda. The diversification of P. polyphagus appears to have occurred during Miocene, with further diversification in Pliocene. Furthermore, genetic stocks and population connectivity recognized here will provide valuable insight for spatial management planning of this dwindling resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Jeena
- Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kochi, Kerala, India.
| | - Summaya Rahuman
- Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Wilson Sebastian
- Centre for Marine Living Resources and Ecology (CMLRE), Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- Shellfish Fisheries Division, Regional Station of CMFRI, Veraval, Gujarat, India
| | - K A Sajeela
- Marine Biotechnology, Fish Nutrition and Health Division, ICAR-Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Joe K Kizhakudan
- Mariculture Division, Regional Centre of CMFRI, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - Subal Kumar Roul
- Finfish Fisheries Division, Regional Station of CMFRI, Digha, West Bengal, India
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Ragavendran C, Govindaraj A, Kamaraj C, Natarajan D, Malafaia G, Alrefaei AF, Almutairi MH. Fusarium begoniae metabolites: a promising larvicidal, pupicidal potential, histopathological alterations and detoxifications enzyme profiles of medically important mosquito vector Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles stephensi. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:226. [PMID: 39263325 PMCID: PMC11384672 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04061-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungal molecules have the potential to be a cost-effective chemical source for developing eco-friendly disease-controlling pharmaceuticals that target mosquito-borne illnesses. The primary aims of the study were to identify the fungus Fusarium begoniae larvicidal ability against Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles stephensi. The ethyl acetate extract demonstrated lethal concentrations that kill 50% of exposed larvae (LC50) and 90% of exposed larvae (LC90) for the 1st to 4th instar larvae of An. stephensi (LC50 = 54.821, 66.525, 68.250, and 73.614; LC90 = 104.56, 138.205, 150.415, and 159.466 μg/mL), Cx. quinquefasciatus (LC50 = 64.981, 36.505, 42.230, and 36.514; LC90 = 180.46, 157.105, 140.318, and 153.366 μg/ mL), and Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 74.890, 33.607, 52.173, and 26.974; LC90 = 202.56, 162.205, 130.518, and 163.286 μg/mL). Mycelium metabolites were evaluated for their pupicidal activity towards Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 80.669, LC90 = 119.904), Cx. quinquefasciatus (LC50 = 70.569, LC90 = 109.840), and An. stephensi (LC50 = 73.269, LC90 = 110.590 μg/mL). The highest larvicidal activity was recorded at 300 µg/mL, with 100% mortality against first and second-instar larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus. Metabolite exposure to larvae exhibited several abnormal behavioral changes. The exposure to F. begoniae metabolite, key esterases such as acetylcholinesterase, α-and-β-carboxylesterase, and acid and alkaline phosphatase activity significantly decreased compared to control larvae. The outcomes of the histology analysis revealed that the mycelium metabolites-treated targeted larvae had a disorganized abdominal mid and hindgut epithelial cells. The is first-hand information on study of ethyl-acetate-derived metabolites from F. begoniae tested against larvae and pupae of Ae. aegypti, Cx. quinquefasciatus and An. stephensi. Bio-indicator toxicity findings demonstrate that A. nauplii displayed no mortality. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04061-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinnasamy Ragavendran
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai, 600 077 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Annadurai Govindaraj
- Natural Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Chinnaperumal Kamaraj
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), Directorate of Research and Virtual Education, SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Tamil Nadu, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203 India
| | - Devarajan Natarajan
- Natural Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, 636 011 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO Brazil
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mikhlid H Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Zhou T, Yang Y, Dossou SSK, Zhao Y, You J, Li H, Zhou F, Wang L. Overexpression of sesame O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase induces male sterility by delaying tapetum programmed cell death. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:109015. [PMID: 39133983 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.109015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Male sterile lines are key resources for hybrid seed production and for ensuring high varietal purity. However, the genes and mechanisms underlying sesame male sterility remain largely unknown. Hence, this study identified an O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase gene SiOASTL1 and functionally characterized its roles in inducing defective anther development. Spatiotemporal expression analysis revealed that SiOASTL1 is significantly (2.7 fold) up-regulated in sterile sesame anthers at the microspore stage compared with fertile ones. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses showed that SiOASTL1 is homologous to Arabidopsis OAS-TL plastid isoforms. We thus overexpressed SiOASTL1 in Arabidopsis to unravel its regulatory roles. Cytological observation revealed that SiOASTL1 overexpression transformed transgenic plants into male sterile lines arising at the microspore development stage. SiOASTL1 overexpression decreased cysteine biosynthesis and down-regulated the expression of the sporopollenin synthesis-related genes, including AtTKPR1, AtTKPR2, AtPKSA, and AtPKSB in transgenic Arabidopsis. Consequently, the tapetum programmed cell death (PCD) was delayed, resulting in the formation of defective pollen grains with irregular walls and empty cytoplasm. Our findings prove that the induction of SiOASTL1 expression disrupts pollen development and contributes to sesame male sterility. Moreover, these results suggest that genetic manipulation of SiOASTL1 expression may facilitate the development of new hybrid varieties in sesame and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanxiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Senouwa Segla Koffi Dossou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yingzhong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jun You
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Linhai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
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Qin Z, Yuan B, Qu G, Sun Z. Rational enzyme design by reducing the number of hotspots and library size. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:10451-10463. [PMID: 39210728 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01394h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Biocatalysts that are eco-friendly, sustainable, and highly specific have great potential for applications in the production of fine chemicals, food, detergents, biofuels, pharmaceuticals, and more. However, due to factors such as low activity, narrow substrate scope, poor thermostability, or incorrect selectivity, most natural enzymes cannot be directly used for large-scale production of the desired products. To overcome these obstacles, protein engineering methods have been developed over decades and have become powerful and versatile tools for adapting enzymes with improved catalytic properties or new functions. The vastness of the protein sequence space makes screening a bottleneck in obtaining advantageous mutated enzymes in traditional directed evolution. In the realm of mathematics, there are two major constraints in the protein sequence space: (1) the number of residue substitutions (M); and (2) the number of codons encoding amino acids as building blocks (N). This feature review highlights protein engineering strategies to reduce screening efforts from two dimensions by reducing the numbers M and N, and also discusses representative seminal studies of rationally engineered natural enzymes to deliver new catalytic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongmin Qin
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ge Qu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Zhoutong Sun
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China.
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
- Key Laboratory of Engineering Biology for Low-Carbon Manufacturing, Tianjin 300308, China
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Zhang Z, Xing J, Tang X, Sheng X, Chi H, Zhan W. Nectin1 is a pivotal host factor involved in attachment and entry of red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus in the early stages of the viral life cycle. J Virol 2024; 98:e0090124. [PMID: 39194240 PMCID: PMC11406929 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00901-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a highly neurotropic virus that poses a persistent threat to the survival of multiple fish species. However, its inimitable neuropathogenesis remains largely elusive. To rummage potential partners germane to the nervous system, we investigated the interaction between red-spotted grouper NNV (RGNNV) and grouper brain by immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry and discerned Nectin1 as a novel host factor subtly involved in viral early invasion events. Nectin1 was abundant in neural tissues and implicated in the inception of tunnel nanotubes triggered by RGNNV. Its overexpression not only dramatically potentiated the replication dynamics of RGNNV in susceptible cells, but also empowered non-sensitive cells to expeditiously capture free virions within 2 min. This potency was impervious to low temperatures but was dose-dependently suppressed by soluble protein or specific antibody of Nectin1 ectodomain, indicating Nectin1 as an attachment receptor for RGNNV. Mechanistically, efficient hijacking of virions by Nectin1 strictly depended on intricate linkages to different modules of viral capsid protein, especially the direct binding between the IgC1 loop and P-domain. More strikingly, despite abortive proliferation in Nectin1-reconstructed CHSE-214 cells, a non-sensitive cell, RGNNV could gain access to the intracellular compartment by capitalizing on Nectin1, thereby inducing canonical cytoplasmic vacuolation. Altogether, our findings delineate a candidate entrance for RGNNV infiltration into the nervous system, which may shed unprecedented insights into the exploration and elucidation of RGNNV pathogenesis.IMPORTANCENervous necrosis virus (NNV) is one of the most virulent pathogens in the aquaculture industry, which inflicts catastrophic damage to ecology, environment, and economy annually around the world. Nevertheless, its idiosyncratic invasion and latency mechanisms pose enormous hardships to epidemic prevention and control. In this study, deploying grouper brain as a natural screening library, a single-transmembrane glycoprotein, Nectin1, was first identified as an emergent functional receptor for red-spotted grouper NNV (RGNNV) that widely allocated in nervous tissues and directly interacted with viral capsid protein through distinct Ig-like loops to bridge virus-host crosstalk, apprehend free virions, and concomitantly propel viral entry. Our findings illuminate the critical role of Nectin1 in RGNNV attachment and entry and provide a potential target for future clinical intervention strategies in the therapeutic race against RGNNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqi Zhang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Oba M, Shimotori M, Teshima N, Yamaguchi L, Takemae H, Sakaguchi S, Ishida H, Murakami H, Mizutani T, Nagai M. Isolation and genetic characterization of novel bovine parechoviruses from Japanese black cattle. Arch Virol 2024; 169:200. [PMID: 39285064 PMCID: PMC11405471 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-06120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Novel bovine parechoviruses (Bo ParVs) were isolated from the feces of Japanese black cattle. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the novel Bo ParVs formed an independent cluster, exhibiting 72.2-75.6% nucleotide sequence identity to previous Bo ParVs, suggesting that they represent a new genotype. Bo ParVs, including the novel Bo ParVs, shared sequence similarity with each other in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) and exhibited low sequence similarity (<38.9% identity) to other parechoviruses. However, a secondary structure prediction of the 3'UTR revealed that the Bo ParVs shared conserved motifs in domain 2 with parechovirus B and E, suggesting some evolutionary constrains in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Oba
- Center for infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Mayo Shimotori
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Natsuko Teshima
- Center for infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Lisa Yamaguchi
- Center for infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takemae
- Center for infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shoichi Sakaguchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Hiroho Ishida
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Hironobu Murakami
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Center for infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagai
- Center for infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan.
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Guo HR, Wang F, Yu HY, Wang CX, Wang Z, Fang BZ, Li X, Li WJ. Yunchengibacter salinarum gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel bacterium of the family Kordiimonadaceae isolated from sediment in Yuncheng salt lake. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2024; 118:4. [PMID: 39269642 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-024-02011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped bacterium, the color of the bacterial colony ranges from light yellow to yellow, designated YC-2023-2T, was isolated from sediment sample of Yuncheng salt lake. Growth occurred at 15-45℃ (optimum 37℃), pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.0-8.0) and with 0-8.0% NaCl (w/v, optimum 2.0%). The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YC-2023-2T belonged to the family Kordiimonadaceae. The closely related members were Gimibacter soli 6D33T (92.38%), Kordiimonas lipolytica M41T (91.88%), Eilatimonas milleporae DSM 25217T (91.88%) and Kordiimonas gwangyangensis JCM 12864T (91.84%). The genome of strain YC-2023-2T was 2957513 bp, and the genomic DNA G+C content was 63.91%. The main respiratory quinone was Q-10 and the major fatty acids (>10%) were iso-C15:0, C16:0, C19:0 cyclo ω8c, Summed Feature 8 (C18:1 ω6c or C18:1 ω7c) and Summed Feature 9 (iso-C17:1 ω9c or C16:0 10-methyl). The major polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified glycolipid, unidentified lipid, and two unidentified aminolipids. Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain YC-2023-2T is proposed to represent a novel species of a novel genus named Yunchengibacter salinarum gen. nov., sp. nov., within the family Kordiimonadaceae. The type strain is YC-2023-2T (= GDMCC 1.4502T = KCTC 8546T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, 030801, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Ying Yu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Yuncheng Salt Lake Ecological Protection and Resource Utilization, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, 044000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Xu Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Yuncheng Salt Lake Ecological Protection and Resource Utilization, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, 044000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Yuncheng Salt Lake Ecological Protection and Resource Utilization, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, 044000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-Zhu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Yuncheng Salt Lake Ecological Protection and Resource Utilization, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, 044000, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, People's Republic of China.
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Chen F, Xue C, Chen G, Mei X, Zheng L, Chang Y. Structural Insights into the Substrate Recognition and Catalytic Mechanism of a GH16 βκ-Carrageenase from Wenyingzhuangia fucanilytica. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:20114-20121. [PMID: 39214858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c05531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the substrate specificity of carrageenases has long been of interest in biotechnology applications. So far, the structural basis of the βκ-carrageenase that hydrolyzes furcellaran, a major hybrid carrageenan, remains unclear. Here, the crystal structure of Cgbk16A_Wf, as a representative of the βκ-carrageenase from GH16_13, was determined, and the structural characteristics of this subfamily were elucidated for the first time. The substrate binding mode was clarified through a structure analysis of the hexasaccharide-bound complex and molecular docking. The binding pocket involves a conserved catalytic motif and several specific residues associated with substrate recognition. Functions of residues R88, E290, and E184 were validated through site-directed mutagenesis. Comparing βκ-carrageenase with κ-carrageenase, we proposed that their different substrate specificities are partly due to the distinct conformations of subsite -1. This research offers a comprehensive understanding of the recognition mechanism of carrageenases and provides valuable theoretical support for enzyme modification and carrageenan oligosaccharide preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, P.R. China
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, P.R. China
| | - Guangning Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, P.R. China
| | - Xuanwei Mei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, P.R. China
| | - Long Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, P.R. China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266404, P.R. China
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Zheng H, Dai X, Li H, Yu Z. Two new species of Nectriaceae (Hypocreales, Sordariomycetes) from Yunnan, China. MycoKeys 2024; 108:269-285. [PMID: 39296988 PMCID: PMC11408876 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.108.130098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nectriaceae is a highly diverse family, and members have a worldwide distribution, particularly in warm temperate to tropical regions. During the survey of fungal diversity in different habitats in Yunnan province, China, two new species isolated from soil and air respectively, namely Atractiumyunnanense sp. nov. and Nalanthamalaxishuangbannaensis sp. nov., were proposed based on morphological comparisons and the multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, rpb2, and tub2 sequence data. Phylogenetically, both species clustered in a monophyletic clade within Nectriaceae with strong support. A.yunnanense is characterized by synnematous conidiophores, pale olivaceous-green, clavate to oblong-ellipsoidal, multi-septate conidia, and pale olivaceous-green chlamydospores. N.xishuangbannaensis has acremonium-like or penicillium-like conidiophores and either obovate or ellipsoidal, cylindrical or fusiform conidia. Full descriptions, illustrations, and a phylogenetic tree showing the phylogenetic position of the two new species were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zheng
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China Yunnan University Kunming China
| | - Xinwen Dai
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China Yunnan University Kunming China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Medical School, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China Kunming University of Science and Technology Kunming China
| | - Zefen Yu
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources, Key Laboratory for Microbial Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650032, China Yunnan University Kunming China
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Guan Y, Jiang L, Wang Y, Liu G, Wu J, Luo H, Chen S, Chen F, Niinemets Ü, Chen F, Jiang Y. CmMYC2-CmMYBML1 module orchestrates the resistance to herbivory by synchronously regulating the trichome development and constitutive terpene biosynthesis in Chrysanthemum. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024. [PMID: 39223898 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Trichomes are specialized epidermal outgrowths covering the aerial parts of most terrestrial plants. There is a large species variability in occurrence of different types of trichomes such that the molecular regulatory mechanism underlying the formation and the biological function of trichomes in most plant species remain unexplored. Here, we used Chrysanthemum morifolium as a model plant to explore the regulatory network in trichome formation and terpenoid synthesis and unravel the physical and chemical roles of trichomes in constitutive defense against herbivore feeding. By analyzing the trichome-related genes from transcriptome database of the trichomes-removed leaves and intact leaves, we identified CmMYC2 to positively regulate both development of T-shaped and glandular trichomes as well as the content of terpenoids stored in glandular trichomes. Furthermore, we found that the role of CmMYC2 in trichome formation and terpene synthesis was mediated by interaction with CmMYBML1. Our results reveal a sophisticated molecular mechanism wherein the CmMYC2-CmMYBML1 feedback inhibition loop regulates the formation of trichomes (non-glandular and glandular) and terpene biosynthesis, collectively contributing to the enhanced resistance to Spodoptera litura larvae feeding. Our findings provide new insights into the novel regulatory network by which the plant synchronously regulates trichome density for the physical and chemical defense against herbivory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Guan
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guanhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiayi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ülo Niinemets
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu, 51006, Estonia
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Cai DY, Liu S, Hui FL. Kondoa tianchiensis f.a., sp. nov., an anamorphic yeast species isolated from plant leaves. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 39235842 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Two yeast strains, NYNU 236122 and NYNU 236180, were isolated from plant leaves collected in Tianchi Mountain, Henan Province, central China. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed the closest relatives of the strains are three described Kondoa species, Kondoa chamaenerii, Kondoa miscanthi, and Kondoa subrosea. Genetically, the isolated strains differed from the type strains of their three related species by 2-11(0.2-1.8%) base substitutions in the D1/D2 domain, 16-40 (2.6-5.6%) base mismatches in the internal transcribed spacer region, and more than 10.1% base substitutions in the partial RPB2 gene. Furthermore, the two strains differ physiologically from their closest related species, K. chamaenerii, in their ability to assimilate dl-lactate, nitrite, and l-lysine and their inability to assimilate nitrate. Additionally, they differ from K. miscanthi and K. subrosea in their ability to assimilate inulin, d-gluconate, and l-lysine. The species name of Kondoa tianchiensis f.a., sp. nov. is proposed with holotype CICC 33616T (Mycobank MB 853544).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Yang Cai
- School of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Feng-Li Hui
- School of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
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Choi JN, Kim SS, Baek JS, Park JJ, Choi JH, Lee MJ, Jang JY, Kim JS, Lee T. Incidence of fungal contamination in fresh ginseng samples and mycotoxigenic potential of representative fungal isolates. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:7557-7566. [PMID: 38767320 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fresh ginseng is typically accompanied by soil after harvest, leading to contamination with harmful fungi during storage and distribution. In this study, we investigated the incidence of fungal contamination in fresh ginseng (5-6 years old) purchased from 22 different stores in Geumsan, Korea. RESULTS The incidence of fungal contamination in the samples was 67.4-111.5%. Fusarium solani was the most abundant species in the head (38.5%) and fine root (19.3%) parts of the ginseng samples, whereas F. oxysporum was the most abundant in the main root (22.0%) part. We isolated Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium spp. (total number of isolates: 395) from the ginseng samples, and 138 isolates were identified using phylogenetic analysis. Polymerase chain reaction-based screening of 65 mycotoxin-producing species revealed that two P. expansum isolates were positive for citrinin and/or patulin, and five F. oxysporum isolates were positive for fumonisin biosynthesis gene. One P. expansum isolate produced 738.0 mg kg-1 patulin, and the other produced 10.4 mg kg-1 citrinin and 12.0 mg kg-1 patulin on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Among the 47 representative F. oxysporum isolates, 43 (91.5%) produced beauvericin (0.1-15.4 mg kg-1) and four of them (8.5%) produced enniatin B and enniatin B1 (0.1-1.8 mg kg-1) as well. However, none of these toxins was detected in fresh ginseng samples. CONCLUSION Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum were the most abundant species in fresh ginseng samples. Most F. oxysporum (43) and P. expansum (2) strains isolated from fresh ginseng produced beauvericin and enniatins (B and B1), and patulin or citrinin, respectively, on PDA medium. This is the first report of the mycotoxigenic potential of P. expansum and F. oxysporum strains isolated from fresh ginseng. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Nam Choi
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - So Soo Kim
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Seon Baek
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ju Park
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hye Choi
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jeong Lee
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Yeong Jang
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeom Soon Kim
- Highland Agriculture Research Center, National Institute of Crop Science, Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea
| | - Theresa Lee
- Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju, Republic of Korea
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20
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Zhu S, Xu TC, Huang R, Gao Y, Wu SH. Four new polyketides from an endophytic fungus Talaromyces muroii. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106073. [PMID: 38897246 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In our continuous work on the isolation of endophytes, the endophytic fungal strain YIMF00209 was obtained from the roots of Gmelina arborea, which is an ethnic medicinal plant mainly distributed in Southeast Asia. The fermentation extracts of the strain exhibited significant antimicrobial activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Fusarium solani, and Escherichia coli. Based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, it was identified as Talaromyces muroii. Four new polyketides, talaromurolides A-D (1-4), along with 26 known compounds (5-30), were isolated from the culture broth of the strain in two different media. Their structures were identified based on HRESIMS, NMR, and CD spectral data. Among them, compounds 2, 4-6, 19, 22, 24, 27, 28, and 30 were isolated from the fermentation broth in CYM medium; compounds 1, 3, 7-18, 20, 21, 23, 25, 26, and 29 were obtained from the fermentation broth in PDB medium; and compounds 2, 5, and 30 were existed in both two media. Compounds 6-9, 12, 16, 20, 21, 23, 25, and 29 were obtained from the genus Talaromyces for the first time. The antimicrobial activities of several compounds were assayed against six pathogens. Compound 1 exhibited inhibitory activities against S. aureus, E. coli, Candida albicans, Salmonella typhimurium, and Botrytis cinerea with MIC value of 64 μg/mL. Compound 25 exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli with MIC value of 32 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Zhu
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Tang-Chang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Rong Huang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Shao-Hua Wu
- Key Laboratory for Southwest Microbial Diversity of the Ministry of Education, Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
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21
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Myburgh AM, Barnes A, Henriques R, Daniels SR. Congruent patterns of cryptic cladogenesis revealed using RADseq and Sanger sequencing in a velvet worm species complex (Onychophora: Peripatopsidae: Peripatopsis sedgwicki). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2024; 198:108132. [PMID: 38909874 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2024.108132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, first generation DNA sequencing (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit one, COI) and reduced-representative genomic RADseq data were used to understand the patterns and processes of diversification of the velvet worm, Peripatopsis sedgwicki species complex across its distribution range in South Africa. For the RADseq data, three datasets (two primary and one supplementary) were generated corresponding to 1,259-11,468 SNPs, in order to assess the diversity and phylogeography of the species complex. Tree topologies for the two primary datasets were inferred using maximum likelihood and Bayesian inferences methods. Phylogenetic analyses using the COI datasets retrieved four distinct, well-supported clades within the species complex. Five species delimitation methods applied to the COI data (ASAP, bPTP, bGMYC, STACEY and iBPP) all showed support for the distinction of the Fort Fordyce Nature Reserve specimens. In the main P. sedgwicki species complex, the species delimitation methods revealed a variable number of operational taxonomic units and overestimated the number of putative taxa. Divergence time estimates coupled with the geographic exclusivity of species and phylogeographic results suggest recent cladogenesis during the Plio/Pleistocene. The RADseq data were subjected to a principal components analysis and a discriminant analysis of principal components, under a maximum-likelihood framework. The latter results corroborate the four main clades observed using the COI data, however, applying additional filtering revealed additional diversity. The high overall congruence observed between the RADseq data and COI data suggest that first generation sequence data remain a cheap and effective method for evolutionary studies, although RADseq does provide a far greater resolution of contemporary temporo-spatial patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Macgregor Myburgh
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch University, 7602, South Africa
| | - Aaron Barnes
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch University, 7602, South Africa
| | - Romina Henriques
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Savel R Daniels
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch University, 7602, South Africa.
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22
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Forcina G, Clavero M, Meister M, Barilaro C, Guerrini M, Barbanera F. Introduced and extinct: neglected archival specimens shed new light on the historical biogeography of an iconic avian species in the Mediterranean. Integr Zool 2024; 19:887-897. [PMID: 38217088 DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Collection specimens provide valuable and often overlooked biological material that enables addressing relevant, long-unanswered questions in conservation biology, historical biogeography, and other research fields. Here, we use preserved specimens to analyze the historical distribution of the black francolin (Francolinus francolinus, Phasianidae), a case that has recently aroused the interest of archeozoologists and evolutionary biologists. The black francolin currently ranges from the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East to the Indian subcontinent, but, at least since the Middle Ages, it also had a circum-Mediterranean distribution. The species could have persisted in Greece and the Maghreb until the 19th century, even though this possibility had been questioned due to the absence of museum specimens and scant literary evidence. Nevertheless, we identified four 200-year-old stuffed black francolins-presumably the only ones still existing-from these areas and sequenced their mitochondrial DNA control region. Based on the comparison with conspecifics (n = 396) spanning the entirety of the historic and current species range, we found that the new samples pertain to previously identified genetic groups from either the Near East or the Indian subcontinent. While disproving the former occurrence of an allegedly native westernmost subspecies, these results point toward the role of the Crown of Aragon in the circum-Mediterranean expansion of the black francolin, including the Maghreb and Greece. Genetic evidence hints at the long-distance transport of these birds along the Silk Road, probably to be traded in the commerce centers of the Eastern Mediterranean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Forcina
- CIBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, InBIO Laboratório Associado, Campus de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
- BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairão, Vairão, Portugal
- Universidad de Alcalá, Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Global Change Ecology and Evolution Research Group (GloCEE), Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Clavero
- Departamento de Biología de la Conservación, Estación Biológica de Doñana EBD-CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marie Meister
- UMR7044 du CNRS and Musée Zoologique de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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23
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Zhang C, Zhang JY, Wang N, Abou El-Ela AS, Shi ZY, You YZ, Ali SA, Zhou WW, Zhu ZR. RNAi-mediated knockdown of papilin gene affects the egg hatching in Nilaparvata lugens. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:4779-4789. [PMID: 38837578 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most destructive pests of rice. Owing to the rapid adaptation of BPH to many pesticides and resistant varieties, identifying putative gene targets for developing RNA interference (RNAi)-based pest management strategies has received much attention for this pest. The glucoprotein papilin is the most abundant component in the basement membranes of many organisms, and its function is closely linked to development. RESULTS In this study, we identified a papilin homologous gene in BPH (NlPpn). Quantitative Real-time PCR analysis showed that the transcript of NlPpn was highly accumulated in the egg stage. RNAi of NlPpn in newly emerged BPH females caused nonhatching phenotypes of their eggs, which may be a consequence of the maldevelopment of their embryos. Moreover, the transcriptomic analysis identified 583 differentially expressed genes between eggs from the dsGFP- and dsNlPpn-treated insects. Among them, the 'structural constituent of cuticle' cluster ranked first among the top 15 enriched GO terms. Consistently, ultrastructural analysis unveiled that dsNlPpn-treated eggs displayed a discrete and distorted serosal endocuticle lamellar structure. Furthermore, the hatchability of BPH eggs was also successfully reduced by the topical application of NlPpn-dsRNA-layered double hydroxide nanosheets onto the adults. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that NlPpn is essential to maintaining the regular structure of the serosal cuticle and the embryonic development in BPH, indicating NlPpn could be a potential target for pest control during the egg stage. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Jin-Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Ni Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Amr S Abou El-Ela
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Zhe-Yi Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Yuan-Zheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Soomro Abid Ali
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Wen-Wu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
| | - Zeng-Rong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding; Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya, China
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24
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Cavender W, Swan C, Wolf S, Van Vliet D, Johnson AA, Forest A, Shields R, Loch T, Knupp C, Drennan J, Glenney G, Hallett SL, Marcino J, Reed A. Comparative evaluation of three real-time polymerase chain reaction assays to detect Myxobolus cerebralis. JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH 2024; 36:250-264. [PMID: 38622805 DOI: 10.1002/aah.10220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate accurate and reproducible detection of Myxobolus cerebralis (Mc), the causative agent of whirling disease, by using nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) and three previously established real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays: K18S (Kelley 18S), C18S (Cavender 18S), and Hsp70 (heat shock protein 70). We used a "fit for purpose" approach combined with intra- and interlaboratory testing to identify a molecular testing method that would be equivalent to the currently accepted nPCR procedure for Mc. METHODS Assay performance was compared using a combination of intra- and interlaboratory testing that used synthetic gBlocks along with naturally and experimentally infected fish tissue. North American isolates representing geographically distinct locations were also tested using all three assays. RESULT The K18S and C18S assays exhibited high assay sensitivity, intra- and interlaboratory repeatability of sample replicates, and reproducible identification of all test samples across multiple laboratories. In contrast, the Hsp70 assay failed to detect several positive samples at low DNA concentrations during intra- and interlaboratory testing. The K18S assay was the only procedure that demonstrated perfect detection accuracy when testing geographically distinct Mc isolates. Results demonstrated the K18S assay is robust under variable test conditions, is more accurate than the C18S and Hsp70 assays, and provides detection capabilities equivalent to those of the currently accepted nPCR confirmation assay "gold standard" that is described in the American Fisheries Society-Fish Health Section (AFS-FHS) Blue Book. CONCLUSION The "fit for purpose" approach and preliminary completion of the World Organization for Animal Health validation pathway demonstrate that the K18S assay provides an alternate method for Mc testing. This work provides the foundation for acceptance of the K18S assay into the AFS-FHS Blue Book as a standardized test procedure for Mc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade Cavender
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Aquatic Animal Health and Research Center, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Christine Swan
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Aquatic Animal Health and Research Center, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Skylar Wolf
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Aquatic Animal Health and Research Center, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Danielle Van Vliet
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Aquatic Animal Health and Research Center, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Alison Aceves Johnson
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Aquatic Animal Health and Research Center, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Anna Forest
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Aquatic Animal Health and Research Center, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Robert Shields
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Aquatic Animal Health and Research Center, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Thomas Loch
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher Knupp
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
| | - John Drennan
- Colorado Parks and Wildlife, Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, Brush, Colorado, USA
| | - Gavin Glenney
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Lamar Fish Health Center, Lamar, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sascha L Hallett
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
| | - Joe Marcino
- Arizona Game and Fish Department, Fish Health Laboratory, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Aimee Reed
- Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Health Services, Corvallis, Oregon, USA
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25
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Fang Y, Wang L, Liu K, Wu H, Zheng Y, Duan Y, Feng S, Wang Y. Genome-wide investigation of HD-ZIP gene family and functional characterization of BnaHDZ149 and BnaHDZ22 in salt and drought response in Brassica napus L. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 346:112130. [PMID: 38795751 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
HD-ZIP proteins comprise a plant-specific transcription factor family, which play pivotal roles in plant development and adaptation to ever-changing environment. Although HD-ZIP family members have been identified in some plant species, so far our knowledge about HD-ZIP genes in rapeseed is still limited. In this study, 178 Brassica napus HD-ZIP (BnaHDZ) family members were identified in the rapeseed genome. The phylogenetic relationship, chromosomal locations, intron-exon structures, motif composition, and expression patterns of the BnaHDZ members were analyzed. The BnaHDZ family can be phylogenetically divided into four categories (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ). Genome-wide transcriptome analysis revealed that most of the HD-ZIP I members respond to at least one abiotic stress. Two closely homologous stress-responsive HD-ZIP Ⅰ genes, BnaHDZ22 and BnaHDZ149, were identified to be involved in drought and salt responses, and selected for further functional characterization. Overexpressing BnaHDZ149 in rapeseed increased salt sensitivity of the transgenic plants, whereas overexpressing BnaHDZ22 increased sensitivity of the transgenic plants to polyethylene glycol (PEG)-simulated drought stress. This research provides not only a comprehensive landscape of BnaHDZ genes, but also a theoretical basis for elucidating the molecular mechanism of the abiotic stress responses of the HD-ZIP family in rapeseed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Fang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Lu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Kuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Han Wu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Yuqian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Yujing Duan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Shanshan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Youping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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26
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Gannibal PB, Gomzhina MM. Revision of Alternaria sections Pseudoulocladium and Ulocladioides: Assessment of species boundaries, determination of mating-type loci, and identification of Russian strains. Mycologia 2024; 116:744-763. [PMID: 39024131 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2024.2363152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Alternaria is a large genus within Pleosporaceae and consists of fungi that have up to recently been considered to be 15 separate genera, including Ulocladium. The majority of Ulocladium species after incorporation into Alternaria were placed in three sections: Ulocladioides, Pseudoulocladium, and Ulocladium. In this study, phylogeny of 26 reference strains of 22 species and 20 Russian Ulocladium-like isolates was recovered. The partial actin gene (act), Alternaria major allergen (alta1), calmodulin (cal), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2), and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) were sequenced for Russian isolates. All these fungi were examined using multilocus phylogenetic analysis according to the genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR) principle and the coalescent-based model Poisson tree processes (PTP, mPTP) and evaluated for the presence of recombination. All strains were combined into two clades that corresponded to the Pseudoulocladium and Ulocladioides sections. The Pseudoulocladium clade included four reference strains and nine local isolates and considered to be a single species, whereas the Ulocladioides section comprises 11 species, instead of 17 names previously adopted. Nine species were abolished by joining four other species. Species A. atra and A. multiformis were combined into the single species A. atra. Five species, A. brassicae-pekinensis, A. consortialis, A. cucurbitae, A. obovoidea, and A. terricola, were united in the species A. consortialis. Alternaria heterospora and A. subcucurbitae were combined into one species, A. subcucurbitae. Alternaria aspera, A. chartarum, A. concatenata, and A. septospora were combined into a single species, A. chartarum. Also, amplification with two different primer sets was performed to define mating-type locus 1 (MAT1) idiomorph. All studied isolates were heterothallic, contradicting some prior studies. Twenty Russian Ulocladium-like isolates were assigned to five species of two sections, A. atra, A. cantlous, A. chartarum, A. consortialis, and A. subcucurbitae. Species A. cantlous and A. subcucurbitae were found in Russia for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp B Gannibal
- Laboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, shosse Podbelskogo 3, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia
| | - Maria M Gomzhina
- Laboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, shosse Podbelskogo 3, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia
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27
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Zhao X, Yin Q, Cai J, Wei Q, Li D, Yu J, Xiang J, Zhang J, Liu X. Myxobolus dabryi n. sp. (Myxozoa: Myxobolidae) Infecting the Gills of Chanodichthys dabryi, Bleeker, 1871 (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in Hunan Province, China. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2487. [PMID: 39272272 PMCID: PMC11393873 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Culters are a popular and economically important carnivorous freshwater fish, widely distributed in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs in China. An investigation of Myxozoa was conducted to enhance the understanding of Myxozoan diversity in Culters in China, as only 15 Myxosporean species have been previously reported in 6 Culters species. A new species with typical Myxobolus characteristics was discovered exclusively in the gills of Chanodichthys dabryi, Bleeker, 1871, and no other species were found in other Culters fish or organs. The new species elicited whitish plasmodia in the serosa layer of the gill arch, with no distinct inflammatory reaction observed. This species is morphologically different from all reported Myxobolus spp. from Culters, differing in plasmodium and spore size, as well as the coils of polar filaments. Molecular analysis further supports that it does not match any sequences available in GenBank. Therefore, we identified it as a new species and named it Myxobolus dabryi n. sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zhao
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Characteristics of Aquatic Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Qi Yin
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Characteristics of Aquatic Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Characteristics of Aquatic Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Deliang Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Characteristics of Aquatic Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianbo Yu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Characteristics of Aquatic Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianguo Xiang
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Characteristics of Aquatic Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jinyong Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xinhua Liu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Characteristics of Aquatic Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Zhanjiang 524000, China
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28
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Oba M, Shimotori M, Teshima N, Yokota T, Takemae H, Sakaguchi S, Mizuno S, Ishida H, Murakami H, Mizutani T, Nagai M. Identification of multiple inter- and intra-genotype reassortment mammalian orthoreoviruses from Japanese black cattle in a beef cattle farm. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19887. [PMID: 39191841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-70863-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mammalian orthoreoviruses (MRVs), belonging to the genus Orthoreovirus in the family Spinareoviridae, possess a double-stranded RNA segmented genome. Due to the segmented nature of their genome, MRVs are prone to gene reassortment, which allows for evolutionary diversification. Recently, a genotyping system for each MRV gene segment was proposed based on nucleotide differences. In the present study, MRVs were isolated from the fecal samples of Japanese Black cattle kept on a farm in Japan. Complete genome sequencing and analysis of 41 MRV isolates revealed that these MRVs shared almost identical sequences in the L1, L2, L3, S3, and S4 gene segments, while two different sequences were found in the S1, M1, M2, M3, and S2 gene segments. By plaque cloning, at least six genetic constellation patterns were identified, indicating the occurrence of multiple inter- (S1 and M2) and intra- (M1, M3, and S2) reassortment events. This paper represents the first report describing multiple reassortant MRVs on a single cattle farm. These MRV gene segments exhibited sequence similarity to those of MRVs isolated from cattle in the U.S. and China, rather than to MRVs previously isolated in Japan. Genotypes consisting solely of bovine MRVs were observed in the L1, M1, and M2 segments, suggesting that they might have evolved within the cattle population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Oba
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Mayo Shimotori
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Natsuko Teshima
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yokota
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takemae
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Shoichi Sakaguchi
- Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Mizuno
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Hiroho Ishida
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Hironobu Murakami
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Mizutani
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan
| | - Makoto Nagai
- Center for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan.
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-5201, Japan.
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Jin Q, Li J, Jiang J, Qiu J. Four new earthworm species of the genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) from Hunan and Anhui provinces, China. Zookeys 2024; 1210:247-271. [PMID: 39228391 PMCID: PMC11369497 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1210.125963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
This paper describes four new species earthworms from Hunan and Anhui provinces, China, Amynthasxiangtanensis Qiu & Jin, sp. nov., Amynthastaoyuanensis Qiu & Jin, sp. nov., Amynthasxuanchengensis Jin & Li, sp. nov. and Metaphiredonganensis Jin & Jiang, sp. nov. Amynthasxiangtanensis sp. nov., and A.taoyuanensis sp. nov. belong to the Amynthascorticis group. Both have four pairs of intersegmental spermathecal pores in 5/6-8/9; male pores in segment XVIII, separated by 1/3 of body circumference, each on top of a slightly raised porophore, surrounded by several tiny genital papillae. Amynthastaoyuanensis sp. nov. prostate glands are degenerated. Amynthasxuanchengensis sp. nov. belongs to the Amynthasmorrisi group, it has two pairs of spermathecal pores in 5/6 and 6/7; male pores in XVIII, separated by 1/3 of body circumference, each on top of a slightly raised, circular porophore. Metaphiredonganensis sp. nov. belongs to the Metaphirehoulleti group. It has three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6/7-8/9; male pores in XVIII, separated by 1/3 of body circumference, each on the bottom center of the longitudinal copulatory chamber.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Jin
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry AdministrationShanghaiChina
| | - Jiali Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry AdministrationShanghaiChina
| | - Jibao Jiang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry AdministrationShanghaiChina
| | - Jiangping Qiu
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
- Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry AdministrationShanghaiChina
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30
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Yang Z, Zhang B, Hu Y, Zhao L, Chen Z, Zhong J, Su J, Chen Y. Molecular characterization of a novel gammapartitivirus infecting the fungus Nigrospora oryzae. Arch Virol 2024; 169:188. [PMID: 39187668 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-024-06111-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Here, we identified a new mycovirus infecting the phytopathogenic fungus Nigrospora oryzae, which we have designated "Nigrospora oryzae partitivirus 2" (NoPV2). The genome of NoPV2 consists of two dsRNA segments (dsRNA 1 and dsRNA 2), measuring 1771 and 1440 bp in length, respectively. dsRNA 1 and dsRNA 2 each contain a single open reading frame (ORF) that encodes the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) and capsid protein (CP), respectively. A BLASTp search showed that the RdRp of NoPV2 had significant sequence similarity to the RdRps of other partitiviruses, including Nigrospora sphaerica partitivirus 1 (75.61% identity) and Magnaporthe oryzae partitivirus 1 (67.53% identity). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that NoPV2 is a new member of the genus Gammapartitivirus in the family Partitiviridae. This study provides important information for understanding the diversity of mycoviruses in N. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijuan Yang
- Dali Tobacco Company of Yunnan Province, Dali City, Yunnan Province, 671000, P.R. China
| | - Baolin Zhang
- Qujing Tobacco Company of Yunnan Province, Qujing Yunnan Province, 655000, P.R. China
| | - Yang Hu
- Chuxiong Company of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Corporation, Chuxiong, 675000, P.R. China
| | - Lianjing Zhao
- Chuxiong Company of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Corporation, Chuxiong, 675000, P.R. China
| | - Zengmin Chen
- Chuxiong Company of Yunnan Provincial Tobacco Corporation, Chuxiong, 675000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Hunan Agricultural University, Nongda Road 1, Furong District, Changsha City, Hunan Province, 410128, P.R. China
| | - Jiaen Su
- Dali Tobacco Company of Yunnan Province, Dali City, Yunnan Province, 671000, P.R. China.
| | - Yi Chen
- Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province, 650021, P.R. China.
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Lukina E, Gomzhina M, Dalinova A, Dubovik V, Gordina E, Bozhkova S, Smirnov S, Berestetskiy A. Reappraisal of Didymella macrostoma causing white tip disease of Canada thistle as a new species, Didymella baileyae, sp. nov., and bioactivity of its major metabolites. Mycologia 2024:1-26. [PMID: 39178348 DOI: 10.1080/00275514.2024.2367470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/25/2024]
Abstract
Bioherbicides are expected to be a supplement to integrated pest management, assisting in the control of problematic weed species. For instance, bioherbicides (Phoma and BioPhoma) were recently registered in Canada and the USA for the control of some perennial dicotyledonous weeds in lawns. These products are based on strains of the fungus Didymella macrostoma (syn. Phoma macrostoma) that causes white tip disease (WTD) in Canada thistle (Cirsium arvense). In this study, WTD was reported for the first time in the Russian Federation. Analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuc rDNA and secondary metabolite profiling confirmed the identity of Russian WTD isolates to Canadian biocontrol strains identified as D. macrostoma. Multilocus phylogenetic analysis based on sequencing of the ITS region, partial large subunit nuc rDNA region (28S), RNA polymerase II second largest subunit gene (rpb2), and partial β-tubulin gene (tub2) has differentiated the WTD isolates from C. arvense and D. macrostoma isolates from other plant hosts. Based on phylogenetic, morphological, and chemotaxonomic features, these WTD isolates were described as a new species named Didymella baileyae, sp. nov. This study also demonstrated the low pathogenicity of the ex-type D. baileyae isolate VIZR 1.53 to C. arvense seedlings and its asymptomatic development in the leaves of aboveground shoots. The organic extracts from mycelium and culture filtrate of D. baileyae, as well as macrocidin A and macrocidin Z, displayed phytotoxicity both to C. arvense leaves and seedlings. Macrocidin A was only detected in the naturally infected leaf tissues of C. arvense showing WTD symptoms. Macrocidins A and Z demonstrated low antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, exhibiting no entomotoxic properties. The data obtained within this study on the pathogenicity and metabolites of D. baileyae may be important for the rational evaluation of its prospects as a biocontrol agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta Lukina
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia
| | - Maria Gomzhina
- Laboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia
| | - Anna Dalinova
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia
| | - Vsevolod Dubovik
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Gordina
- Department of Wound Infection Prevention and Treatment, Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Saint Petersburg 195427, Russia
| | - Svetlana Bozhkova
- Department of Wound Infection Prevention and Treatment, Vreden National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Saint Petersburg 195427, Russia
| | - Sergey Smirnov
- Magnetic Resonance Research Centre, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Alexander Berestetskiy
- Laboratory of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Pushkin, Saint Petersburg 196608, Russia
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Ren GC, Tibpromma S, Dong KX, Gao CX, Zhang CS, Karunarathna SC, Elgorban AM, Gui H. Unveiling fungi associated with Castanopsis woody litter in Yunnan Province, China: Insights into Pleosporales (Dothideomycetes) species. MycoKeys 2024; 108:15-45. [PMID: 39220353 PMCID: PMC11362665 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.108.127560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
During a survey of the diversity of lignicolous fungi in Yunnan Province, China, we collected and identified five microfungi species from dead woody litters of Castanopsis trees in terrestrial habitats. Through both morphological comparisons and phylogenetic analyses of multi-gene sequences, we identified two taxa as new species and three collections as new host records within Pleosporales. Pseudolophiostomalincangense sp. nov. is introduced as a sexual morph in Lophiostomataceae, Pleopunctumbaoshanense sp. nov. is introduced as a hyphomycetous fungi in Phaeoseptaceae, and Paraphomaaquatica as a first report of sexual morph in Paraphoma. In addition, Occultibambusakunmingensis and Pleopunctummegalosporum were isolated for the first time from the dead twigs of Castanopsisdelavayi and C.calathiformis, respectively. Comprehensive morphological descriptions, illustrations, and phylogenetic analysis results are provided for the above-mentioned species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Cong Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Saowaluck Tibpromma
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Medical Resourceful Healthcare Products, Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Kai-Xuan Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Chen-Xi Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Chao-Shan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Samantha C. Karunarathna
- Guizhou Provincial Engineering Research Center of Medical Resourceful Healthcare Products, Guiyang Healthcare Vocational University, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Abdallah M. Elgorban
- Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, Yunnan 655011, China
| | - Heng Gui
- Center of Excellence in Biotechnology Research (CEBR), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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33
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Zhang A, Shang J, Xiao K, Zhang M, Wang S, Zhu W, Wu X, Zha D. WRKY transcription factor 40 from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) regulates ABA and salt stress responses. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19289. [PMID: 39164381 PMCID: PMC11335892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69670-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Plants are affected by many environmental factors during their various stages of growth, among which salt stress is a key factor. WRKY transcription factors play important roles in the response to stress in plants. In this study, SmWRKY40 from eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) was found to belong to the subfamily of WRKY transcription factor group II, closely related to the evolution of wild tomato ScWRKY40 (Solanum chilense). The expression of SmWRKY40 could be induced by several abiotic stresses (drought, salt, and high temperature) and ABA to different degrees, with salt stress being the most significant. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the seed germination rate of SmWRKY40 overexpression seedlings was significantly higher than those of the wild type under high concentrations of NaCl and ABA, and root elongation of overexpression lines was also longer than wild type under NaCl treatments. SmWRKY40 overexpression lines were found to enhance Arabidopsis tolerance to salt with lower ROS, MDA, higher soluble protein, proline accumulation, and more active antioxidant enzymes. The expression level of genes related to stress and ABA signaling displayed significant differences in SmWRKY40 overexpression line than that of WT. These results indicate that SmWRKY40 regulates ABA and salt stress responses in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aidong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Jing Shang
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Horticultural Research Institute, Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430345, Hubei, China
| | - Shengjie Wang
- Shanghai Qiande Seed Industry Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200235, China
| | - Weimin Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Xuexia Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.
| | - Dingshi Zha
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticultural Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.
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Kar M, Jahan SH, Rahman MA, Datta SD. Molecular identification and eco-friendly management of rice brown planthoppers in Bangladesh. Heliyon 2024; 10:e35514. [PMID: 39166075 PMCID: PMC11334857 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Infestation by various insect pests is the main constraint for growing rice where rice brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål) can severely damage rice plants directly through feeding. Therefore, the study aims to detect rice brown planthoppers (BPH) and provide environment-friendly management tactics to mitigate the problem which caused by brown planthoppers. The BPH samples were collected from rice fields of different locations in the Patuakhali of Bangladesh for molecular identification. A molecularly single species of rice brown planthopper, Nilaparavata lugens was identified using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) universal marker. The nucleotide sequences of collected samples were compared with other nucleotide sequences from the GenBank database of NCBI, which make single clades in the phylogenetic tree at an insignificant distance. Moreover, brown planthopper management observations were recorded in laboratory conditions after providing an artificial diet with different treatments of plant-based insecticides Neem oil (1 %, 5 %, and 10 %), Castor oil (1 %, 5 %, and 10 %) where only 20 % sucrose solution was used as negative control and Abamectin (1 %, 5 % and 10 %) were also used as a positive control for comparing the efficacy of plant-based insecticides on rice brown planthoppers. The results showed the highest mortality (100 %) of rice brown planthoppers was recorded by Abamectin 10 %, followed by Abamectin 5 %. Neem 10 % performed better than Abamectin 1 % during 1st hour. Initial after exposure of 2nd hour for Abamectin 1 % revealed greater mortality (59 %) than Neem 10 %. Neem 5 % showed less effect on mortality in brown planthopper than Neem 10 % but was higher than Neem 1 % during 6 h of observation. The Castor oil of 10 % caused higher mortality than the Castor of 5 % but not up to the marks of Abamectin and different concentrations of Neem oil. Castor oil of 1 % and control have shown no mortality of brown planthopper for 6 h of observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Kar
- Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - S.M. Hemayet Jahan
- Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Atikur Rahman
- Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Shuvo Dip Datta
- Department of Building Engineering and Construction Management, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna, 9203, Bangladesh
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Zhang Y, Zheng L, Liu G, Shen J, Chen G, Mei X, Chang Y, Xue C. The α-linkage in funoran and agarose could be hydrolyzed by a GH96 family enzyme: Discovery of the α-funoranase. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 338:122201. [PMID: 38763726 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Agarans represent a group of galactans extracted from red algae. Funoran and agarose are the two major types and commercially applied polysaccharides of agaran. Although the glycoside hydrolases targeting β-glycosidic bonds of agaran have been widely investigated, those capable of degrading α-glycosidic bonds of agarose were limited, and the enzyme degrading α-linkages of funoran has not been reported till now. In this study, a GH96 family enzyme BiAF96A_Aq from a marine bacterium Aquimarina sp. AD1 was heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. BiAF96A_Aq exhibited dual activities towards the characteristic structure of funoran and agarose, underscoring the multifunctionality of GH96 family members. Glycomics and NMR analysis revealed that BiAF96A_Aq hydrolyzed the α-1,3 glycosidic bonds between 3,6-anhydro-α-l-galactopyranose (LA) and β-d-galactopyranose-6-sulfate (G6S) of funoran, as well as LA and β-d-galactopyranose (G) of agarose, through an endo-acting manner. The end products of BiAF96A_Aq were majorly composed of disaccharides and tetrasaccharides. The identification of the activity of BiAF96A_Aq on funoran indicated the first discovery of the funoran hydrolase for α-1,3 linkage. Considering the novel catalytic reaction, we proposed to name this activity as "α-funoranase" and recommended the assignment of a dedicated EC number for its classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Long Zheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Guanchen Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Jingjing Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Guangning Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Xuanwei Mei
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China
| | - Yaoguang Chang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China; Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Changhu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 1299 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266404, China; Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, 1 Wenhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
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Wang CG, Liu S, Ghobad-Nejhad M, Liu HG, Dai YC, Yuan Y. Three new species of Cyanosporus (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) from China. MycoKeys 2024; 107:249-272. [PMID: 39169990 PMCID: PMC11336382 DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.107.126139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyanosporus is a cosmopolitan genus characterized by effused-reflexed to pileate basidiomata with a bluish tint and allantoid to cylindrical basidiospores which are negative to weakly positive in Melzer's reagent and Cotton Blue, causing a brown rot. Three new species of Cyanosporus, namely, C.linzhiensis, C.miscanthi and C.tabuliformis are described and illustrated. Phylogenies on Cyanosporus are reconstructed with seven loci DNA sequences including ITS, nLSU, nSSU, mtSSU, RPB1, RPB2 and TEF1 based on phylogenetic analyses combined with morphological examination. The description for the new species is given. The main morphological characteristics of all 38 accepted species in Cyanosporus are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Ge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Shun Liu
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, ChinaPeking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Masoomeh Ghobad-Nejhad
- Department of Biotechnology, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran 3353-5111, IranIranian Research Organization for Science and TechnologyTehranIran
| | - Hong-Gao Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia and Fungi Symbiotic Biology, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong 657000, ChinaZhaotong UniversityZhaotongChina
| | - Yu-Cheng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, ChinaBeijing Forestry UniversityBeijingChina
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Ferrari M, Marieschi M, Cozza R, Torelli A. Phytochelatin Synthase: An In Silico Comparative Analysis in Cyanobacteria and Eukaryotic Microalgae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2165. [PMID: 39124283 PMCID: PMC11314372 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Phytochelatins (PCs) are small cysteine-rich peptides involved in metal detoxification, not genetically encoded but enzymatically synthesized by phytochelatin synthases (PCSs) starting from glutathione. The constitutive PCS expression even in the absence of metal contamination, the wide phylogenetic distribution and the similarity between PCSs and the papain-type cysteine protease catalytic domain suggest a wide range of functions for PCSs. These proteins, widely studied in land plants, have not been fully analyzed in algae and cyanobacteria, although these organisms are the first to cope with heavy-metal stress in aquatic environments and can be exploited for phytoremediation. To fill this gap, we compared the features of the PCS proteins of different cyanobacterial and algal taxa by phylogenetic linkage. The analyzed sequences fall into two main, already known groups of PCS-like proteins. Contrary to previous assumptions, they are not classed as prokaryotic and eukaryotic sequences, but rather as sequences characterized by the alternative presence of asparagine and aspartic/glutamic acid residues in proximity of the catalytic cysteine. The presence of these enzymes with peculiar features suggests differences in their post-translational regulation related to cell/environmental requirements or different cell functions rather than to differences due to their belonging to different phylogenetic taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ferrari
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (M.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Matteo Marieschi
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
| | - Radiana Cozza
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (M.F.); (R.C.)
| | - Anna Torelli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Viale delle Scienze 11/A, 43124 Parma, Italy;
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Zhuo Y, Li LY, Zhang Y, Zhang XL, Liu JH, Deng YP, Liu GH. Survey of mosquito species in intensive pig farms in Hunan province, China. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:233. [PMID: 39096351 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04076-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) are one of the most studied groups of arthropods worldwide due to their high transmission capacity for pathogens, including viruses and parasites. During June to October 2022, the prevalence of mosquito species in 12 intensive pig farms from 12 representative administrative regions in Hunan province of China was investigated using traps with ultraviolet light. All collected mosquitoes were counted and identified to species according to morphological and molecular methods. A total of 4,443 mosquito specimens were collected in the pig farms, and they represented one family, four genera and nine species. Culex pipiens pipiens (24%) was the most common mosquito species, followed by Armigeres subalbatus (23.4%) and Culex tritaeniorhynchus (20.6%). Phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial cox1 sequences revealed all mosquito species from present study grouping into distinct monophyletic groups corresponding to nine known mosquito species with strongly supported. The results of the present investigation have implications for the ongoing control of mosquito infestation in pig farms in Hunan province, China. This is the first report of mosquito populations in intensive pig farms in Hunan province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhuo
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Le-Yan Li
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Xue-Ling Zhang
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Jin-Hui Liu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
- Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, Hunan province, 410128, China
| | - Yuan-Ping Deng
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China
| | - Guo-Hua Liu
- Research Center for Parasites & Vectors, College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, China.
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Jiang T, Jia W, Deng W, Mai Z, Dong M, Huang Y, Wu H, Xu M. Patulibacter defluvii sp. nov., Isolated from a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Guangzhou City, China. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:291. [PMID: 39088066 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03816-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
A novel Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, non-motile, and rod-shaped bacterium with ibuprofen-degrading capacity, designated DM4T, was isolated from the sewage of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Guangzhou city, China. Strain DM4T grew optimally at 0% (w/v) NaCl, pH 5.0-7.0, and 30 °C, forming white colonies on trypticase soy agar. C18:1ω9c, C18:2ω9.12c and C15:1ω10c were the predominant fatty acids. Results of 16S rRNA gene alignment and phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain DM4T belonged to the genus Patulibacter, was closely related to Patulibacter medicamentivorans DSM 25692T (98.5%) and P. brassicae KCTC 39817T (98.1%). Strain DM4T had a genome size of 5.33Mbp, and the DNA G + C content was 75.0%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI), and digital DNA-DNA hybridisation (dDDH) values between strain DM4T and P. medicamentivorans were 85.2%, 83.9%, and 29.0% respectively, while those between strain DM4T and P. brassicae were 78.5%, 71.3%, and 22.2%, respectively. Strain DM4T could significantly degrade ibuprofen by almost 80% after 84 h of incubation, and the degradation kinetics was well fitted with the first-order kinetics. Evidence from phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses support that strain DM4T (= GDMCC 1.4574T = KCTC 59145T) represents a new species of the genus Patulibacter, for which the name Patulibacter defluvii sp. nov. is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
- School of Biology and Blialogical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Microbiology and Regional Ecological Security, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China
| | - Weibin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Microbiology and Regional Ecological Security, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenfang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Microbiology and Regional Ecological Security, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyuan Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Microbiology and Regional Ecological Security, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China
| | - Meijun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Microbiology and Regional Ecological Security, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China
| | - Youda Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Microbiology and Regional Ecological Security, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China.
| | - Haizhen Wu
- School of Biology and Blialogical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Meiying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510070, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Microbiology and Regional Ecological Security, Guangzhou, 510070, Guangdong, China
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Lu H, Chen L. Ideonella margarita sp. nov., Ideonella lacteola sp. nov., Pseudaquabacterium inlustre sp. nov. and Pseudaquabacterium rugosum sp. nov., isolated from streams in China and re-examining the taxonomic status of all the genera within the family Sphaerotilaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 39196633 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Four Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile strains (LYT19WT, DXS22WT, DXS29WT and BYS139WT) were isolated from streams in China. All four strains showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the species of genus Ideonella. The calculated average nucleotide identity, digital DNA-DNA hybridization and average amino acid identity values among strains LYT19WT, DXS22WT, DXS29WT, BYS139WT and other closely related strains were less than 79.5, 22.5 and 74.0%, respectively, indicating that each of the four strains should represent an independent novel species. The further reconstructed phylogenomic tree showed that strains LYT19WT and DXS29WT clustered closely with Ideonella strains, but strains DXS22WT and BYS139WT formed an independent clade with Aquabacterium terrae and Aquabacterium pictum. Comparing with other Aquabacterium species, A. terrae and A. pictum harboured distinct physiological and genetic characteristics, so it was reasonable to propose a novel genus Pseudaquabacterium to accommodate A. terrae, A. pictum, DXS22WT and BYS139WT. The major fatty acids of the four strains contained C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6c and/or C16 : 1 ω7c) and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω6c and/or C18 : 1 ω7c). The predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and one unidentified aminophospholipid. Combining above descriptions, strains LYT19WT and DXS29WT should represent two novel species of the genus Ideonella, for which the names Ideonella margarita sp. nov. (type strain LYT19WT=GDMCC 1.3205T=KCTC 92545T) and Ideonella lacteola sp. nov. (type strain DXS29WT=GDMCC 1.3207T=KCTC 92547T) are proposed, respectively. Strains DXS22WT and BYS139WT should represent two novel species of the new genus Pseudaquabacterium, for which the names Pseudaquabacterium inlustre sp. nov. (type strain DXS22WT=GDMCC 1.3206T=KCTC 92546T) and Pseudaquabacterium rugosum sp. nov. (type strain BYS139WT=GDMCC 1.3208T=KCTC 92548T) are proposed, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huibin Lu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographical Process and Environmental Changes, Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Li Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographical Process and Environmental Changes, Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, PR China
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Zhou SB, Zhao ZY, Guan P, Qu B. New geographical records and molecular investigation of the ciliate Spirostomum. Protist 2024; 175:126047. [PMID: 38964211 DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2024.126047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Spirostomum is a genus of large ciliates, and its species are distributed worldwide. However, there has been limited research conducted on their geographical distribution and genomics. We obtained nine samples of ciliates from eight regions in Liaoning Province, China, and conducted a study on their geographical distribution and characteristics. Morphological and second-generation high-throughput sequencing methods were applied to identify the species, and a phylogenetic tree was established to gain a deeper understanding of the geographical distribution and evolutionary relationships of Spirostomum in Northeast China. The results identified Spirostomum yagiui and Spirostomum subtilis as a newly recorded species in Northeast China region. There are now five species of Spirostomum that have been recorded in China, and new details on the genomic characteristics of Spirostomum yagiui were provided. In addition, this study also identified the main branches of Spirostomum teres and Spirostomum minus in northern China, and provided a theoretical basis for the existence of hidden species. Spirostomum yagiui is the first species in the family Spirostomidae to have undergone mitochondrial genome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Global Changes and Biological Invasions, Bioscience and Technology College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhi-Yu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Global Changes and Biological Invasions, Bioscience and Technology College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Ping Guan
- Key Laboratory of Global Changes and Biological Invasions, Bioscience and Technology College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Bo Qu
- Key Laboratory of Global Changes and Biological Invasions, Bioscience and Technology College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China.
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42
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Lin MZ, Bi YH, Li SQ, Xie JH, Zhou ZG. The enzyme encoded by Myrmecia incisa, a green microalga, phospholipase A 2 gene preferentially hydrolyzes arachidonic acid at the sn-2 position of phosphatidylcholine. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 213:108806. [PMID: 38861822 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The enzyme phospholipase A2 (PLA2) plays a crucial role in acyl remodeling of phospholipids via the Lands' cycle, and consequently alters fatty acid compositions in triacylglycerol (TAG). In this study, a full-length cDNA sequence coding Myrmecia incisa phospholipase A2 (MiPLA2) was cloned using the technique of rapid amplification of cDNA ends. Comparison of the 1082-bp cDNA with its corresponding cloned DNA sequence revealed that MiPLA2 contained 3 introns. Mature MiPLA2 (mMiPLA2) had a conserved Ca2+-binding loop and a catalytic site motif that has been recognized in plant secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) proteins. Correspondingly, phylogenetic analysis illustrated that MiPLA2 was clustered within GroupXIA of plant sPLA2 proteins. To ascertain the function of MiPLA2, the cDNA coding for mMiPLA2 was subcloned into the vector pET-32a to facilitate the production of recombinant mMiPLA2 in Escherichia coli. Recombinant mMiPLA2 was purified and used for the in vitro enzyme reaction. Thin-layer chromatography profiles of the catalytic products generated by recombinant mMiPLA2 indicated a specificity for cleaving sn-2 acyl chains from phospholipids, thereby functionally characterizing MiPLA2. Although recombinant mMiPLA2 displayed a strong preference for phosphatidylethanolamine, it preferentially hydrolyzes arachidonic acid (ArA) at the sn-2 position of phosphatidylcholine. Results from the fused expression of p1300-sp-EGFP-mMiPLA2 illustrated that MiPLA2 was localized in the intercellular space of onion epidermis. Furthermore, the positive correlation between MiPLA2 transcription and free ArA levels were established. Consequently, the role of mMiPLA2 in the biosynthesis of ArA-rich TAG was elucidated. This study helps to understand how M. incisa preferentially uses ArA to synthesize TAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Zhi Lin
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources Conferred by Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, No. 999 Huchenghuan Road, Nanhui New City, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yan-Hui Bi
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources Conferred by Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, No. 999 Huchenghuan Road, Nanhui New City, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Si-Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources Conferred by Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, No. 999 Huchenghuan Road, Nanhui New City, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Jin-Hai Xie
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources Conferred by Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, No. 999 Huchenghuan Road, Nanhui New City, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Zhou
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences Conferred by Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, No. 999 Huchenghuan Road, Nanhui New City, Shanghai, 201306, China.
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Qiu R, Li C, Zhang Y, Li X, Li C, Liu C, Zhang M, Bai J, Chen Y, Li F, Li S. Characterization of Fusarium solani Associated with Tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum) Root Rot in Henan, China. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:2447-2453. [PMID: 38522090 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-10-23-2172-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the Fusarium solani species complex (FSSC) population obtained from tobacco roots with root rot symptoms by morphological characteristics, molecular tests, and assessment of pathogenicity. Cultures isolated from roots were white to cream with sparse mycelium on potato dextrose agar, with colony growth of 21.5 ± 0.5 to 29.5 ± 0.5 mm after 3 days. Sporodochia were cream on carnation leaf agar (CLA) and Spezieller Nährstoffarmer agar (SNA), and macroconidia formed in sporodochia were 3 to 6 septate and straight to slightly curved, with wide central cells, a slightly short blunt apical cell, and a straight to almost cylindrical basal cell with a distinct foot shape, ranging in size from 20.92 to 64.37 × 3.91 to 6.57 μm. Microconidia formed on CLA were reniform and fusiform, with 0 or 1 to occasionally 2 septa, that formed on long monophialidic conidiogenous cells, with a size range of 5.99 to 32.32 × 1.76 to 5.84 μm. Globose to oval chlamydospores were smooth- to rough-walled, 6.5 to 13.3 ± 0.37 μm in diameter, and terminal or intercalary and occurred singly, in pairs, or occasionally in short chains on SNA. Molecular tests consisted of sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1α), RNA polymerase II largest subunit, and second largest subunit regions. All the obtained sequences revealed 98.14 to 100% identity to F. solani in both Fusarium ID and Fusarium MLST databases. Phylogenetic trees of the EF-1α gene and concatenated three-locus data showed that isolates from tobacco in Henan grouped in the proposed group 5, which is nested within FSSC clade 3 (FSSC 5). Twenty-seven of the 28 isolates caused root rot in artificially inoculated tobacco seedlings, with a disease severity index ranging from 15.00 ± 1.67 to 91.11 ± 2.22. Cross-pathogenicity tests showed that three representative isolates were virulent to six species of Solanaceae and two species of Poaceae, with disease severity indexes ranging from 6.12 ± 0.56 to 84.44 ± 0.00, indicating that these isolates have a wide host range. The results may inform the control of tobacco root rot through improved crop rotations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qiu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Caihong Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Chengjun Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Mengdan Zhang
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Jingke Bai
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
| | - Fangfang Li
- Henan Provincial Tobacco Corporation of CNTC, Zhengzhou, Henan 450018, China
| | - Shujun Li
- Tobacco Research Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Green Preservation & Control of Tobacco Diseases and Pests in Huanghuai Growing Area, Xuchang 461000, China
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Vivekanandhan P, Kamaraj C, Alharbi SA, Ansari MJ. Novel report on soil infection with Metarhizium rileyi against soil-dwelling life stages of insect pests. J Basic Microbiol 2024; 64:e2400159. [PMID: 38771084 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.202400159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungi are the most effective control remedy against a wide range of medical and agricultural important pests. The present study aimed to isolate, identify, and assess the virulence of Metarhizium rileyi against Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera frugiperda pupae under soil conditions. The biotechnological methods were used to identify the isolate as M. rileyi. The fungal conidial pathogenicity (2.0 × 107, 2.0 × 108, 2.0 × 109, 2.0 × 1010, and 2.0 × 1011 conidia/mL-1) was tested against prepupae of S. litura and S. frugiperda at 3, 6, 9, and 12 days after treatments. Additionally, the artificial soil-conidial assay was performed on a nontarget species earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae, using M. rileyi conidia. The present results showed that the M. rileyi caused significant mortality rates in S. litura pupae (61-90%), and S. litura pupae were more susceptible than S. frugiperda pupae (46%-73%) at 12 day posttreatment. The LC50 and LC90 of M. rileyi against S. litura, were 3.4 × 1014-9.9 × 1017 conidia/mL-1 and 6.6 × 105-4.6 × 1014 conidia/mL-1 in S. frugiperda, respectively. The conidia of M. rileyi did not exhibit any sublethal effect on the adult stage of E. eugeniae, and Artemia salina following a 12-day treatment period. Moreover, in the histopathological evaluation no discernible harm was observed in the gut tissues of E. eugeniae, including the lumen and epithelial cells, as well as the muscles, setae, nucleus, mitochondria, and coelom. The present findings provide clear evidence that M. rileyi fungal conidia can be used as the foundation for the development of effective bio-insecticides to combat the pupae of S. litura and S. frugiperda agricultural pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perumal Vivekanandhan
- Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chinnaperumal Kamaraj
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sulaiman A Alharbi
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad J Ansari
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad (Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University Bareilly), Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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45
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Liu S, Cai DY, Hui FL. Cyberlindnera qingyuanensis f.a., sp. nov., a yeast species isolated from rotting wood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2024; 74. [PMID: 39207228 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Two yeast strains were isolated from rotting wood samples collected on Qingyuan Mountain, Fujian Province, PR China. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the concatenated sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 domain of the large subunit rRNA gene, revealed that these two strains represent a novel species of the genus Cyberlindnera. The proposed name for this new species is Cyberlindnera qingyuanensis f.a., sp. nov. (holotype: GDMCC 2.300; ex-type: PYCC 9925) although the formation of ascospores was not observed. The novel species differs from its close relative Cyberlindnera galapagoensis by 7.7% sequence divergence (37 substitutions and seven indels) in the D1/D2 domain and 9.7% sequence divergence (42 substitutions and 34 indels) in the ITS region, respectively. Additionally, Cyb. qingyuanensis differs from its close relative Cyb. galapagoensis by its ability to grow in cellobiose, l-rhamnose, ribitol, galactitol, and dl-lactate, its growth at 37 °C, and its inability to ferment raffinose. The Mycobank number is MB 854693.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- School of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Dan-Yang Cai
- School of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
| | - Feng-Li Hui
- School of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, PR China
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46
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Lin Y, Xiang Y, Wei S, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Tang S. Genetic diversity and population structure of an insect-pollinated and bird-dispersed dioecious tree Magnolia kwangsiensis in a fragmented karst forest landscape. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e70094. [PMID: 39091326 PMCID: PMC11291554 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.70094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This study combined population genetics and parentage analysis to obtain foundational data for the conservation of Magnolia kwangsiensis. M. kwangsiensis is a Class I tree species that occurs in two disjunct regions in a biodiversity hotspot in southwest China. We assessed the genetic diversity and structure of this species across its distribution range to support its conservation management. Genetic diversity and population structure of 529 individuals sampled from 14 populations were investigated using seven nuclear simple sequence repeat (nSSR) markers and three chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) fragments. Parentage analysis was used to evaluate the pollen and seed dispersal distances. The nSSR marker analysis revealed a high genetic diversity in M. kwangsiensis, with an average observed (Ho) and expected heterozygosities (He) of 0.726 and 0.687, respectively. The mean and maximum pollen and seed dispersal distances were 66.4 and 95.7 m and 535.4 and 553.8 m, respectively. Our data revealed two distinct genetic groups, consistent with the disjunct geographical distribution of the M. kwangsiensis populations. Both pollen and seed dispersal movements help maintain genetic connectivity among M. kwangsiensis populations, contributing to high levels of genetic diversity. Both genetically differentiated groups corresponding to the two disjunct regions should be recognized as separate conservation units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River BasinGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
- Wuzhou No. 18 Middle SchoolWuzhouChina
| | - Yingying Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River BasinGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Sujian Wei
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River BasinGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Qiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River BasinGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Yanhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River BasinGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River BasinGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection, Ministry of EducationGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River BasinGuangxi Normal UniversityGuilinChina
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Shi N, He T, Qin H, Wang Z, You S, Wang E, Hu G, Wang F, Yu M, Liu X, Liu Z. Microvirga sesbaniae sp. nov. and Microvirga yunnanensis sp. nov., Pink-Pigmented Bacteria Isolated from Root Nodules of Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Poir. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1558. [PMID: 39203400 PMCID: PMC11356035 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Four pigment-producing rhizobial strains nodulating Sesbania cannabina (Retz.) Poir. formed a unique group in genus Microvirga in the phylogeny of a 16S rRNA gene and five housekeeping genes (gyrB, recA, dnaK, glnA, and atpD) in a genome analysis, phenotypic characteristics analysis, and chemotaxonomic analysis. These four strains shared as high as 99.3% similarity with Microvirga tunisiensis LmiM8T in the 16S rRNA gene sequence and, in an MLSA, were subdivided into two clusters, ANI (genome average nucleotide) and dDDH (digital DNA-DNA hybridization) which shared sequence similarities lower than the species thresholds with each other and with the reference strains for related Microvirga species. The polar lipids elucidated that phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and cardiolipin were the main components for strain SWF67558T and for strain HBU65207T, with the exception of PC. SWF67558T and HBU65207T strains had similar predominant cellular fatty acids, including C16:0, C18:0, summed feature 2, and summed feature8, but with different contents. In addition, all the four novel strains produced pink-pigment, and the main coloring material extract from strain SWF67558T was identified as zeaxanthin, which presented antioxidant ability and reduction power. With all the phylogenetic and phenotypic divergency, we proposed these pink-pigmented symbiotic bacteria as two novel species, named Microvirga sesbaniae sp. nov. and Microvirga yunnanensis sp. nov., with SWF67558T (=KCTC82331T=GDMCC1.2024T) and HBU65207T (=KCTC92125T=GDMCC1.2023T) as the type strains, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Breeding and Conservation, Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (N.S.); (T.H.); (H.Q.); (Z.W.); (S.Y.); (G.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Teng He
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Breeding and Conservation, Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (N.S.); (T.H.); (H.Q.); (Z.W.); (S.Y.); (G.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Huifang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Breeding and Conservation, Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (N.S.); (T.H.); (H.Q.); (Z.W.); (S.Y.); (G.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Ziye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Breeding and Conservation, Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (N.S.); (T.H.); (H.Q.); (Z.W.); (S.Y.); (G.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Shenghao You
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Breeding and Conservation, Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (N.S.); (T.H.); (H.Q.); (Z.W.); (S.Y.); (G.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Entao Wang
- Affiliation Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Guoli Hu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Breeding and Conservation, Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (N.S.); (T.H.); (H.Q.); (Z.W.); (S.Y.); (G.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration for Biodiversity Conservation in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
| | - Miao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Breeding and Conservation, Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (N.S.); (T.H.); (H.Q.); (Z.W.); (S.Y.); (G.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Xiaoyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity Research and Application of Hebei Province, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Breeding and Conservation, Hebei Province, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; (N.S.); (T.H.); (H.Q.); (Z.W.); (S.Y.); (G.H.); (M.Y.)
| | - Zhenyu Liu
- Institute of Agro-Resources and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
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Chen R, Gu G, Zhang B, Du C, Lin X, Cai W, Zheng Y, Li T, Wang R, Xie X. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase gene family related to bacterial wilt resistance in tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum L.) and eggplant ( Solanum melongena L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1425651. [PMID: 39139726 PMCID: PMC11319268 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1425651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
The E3 enzyme in the UPS pathway is a crucial factor for inhibiting substrate specificity. In Solanaceae, the U-box E3 ubiquitin ligase has a complex relationship with plant growth and development, and plays a pivotal role in responding to various biotic and abiotic stresses. The analysis of the U-box gene family in Solanaceae and its expression profile under different stresses holds significant implications. A total of 116 tobacco NtU-boxs and 56 eggplant SmU-boxs were identified based on their respective genome sequences. Phylogenetic analysis of U-box genes in tobacco, eggplant, tomato, Arabidopsis, pepper, and potato revealed five distinct subgroups (I-V). Gene structure and protein motifs analysis found a high degree of conservation in both exon/intron organization and protein motifs among tobacco and eggplant U-box genes especially the members within the same subfamily. A total of 15 pairs of segmental duplication and 1 gene pair of tandem duplication were identified in tobacco based on the analysis of gene duplication events, while 10 pairs of segmental duplication in eggplant. It is speculated that segmental duplication events are the primary driver for the expansion of the U-box gene family in both tobacco and eggplant. The promoters of NtU-box and SmU-box genes contained cis-regulatory elements associated with cellular development, phytohormones, environment stress, and photoresponsive elements. Transcriptomic data analysis shows that the expression levels of the tobacco and eggplant U-box genes in different tissues and various abiotic stress conditions. Using cultivar Hongda of tobacco and cultivar Yanzhi of eggplant as materials, qRT-PCR analysis has revealed that 15 selected NtU-box genes and 8 SmU-box may play important roles in response to pathogen Ras invasion both in tobacco and eggplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Gang Gu
- Institute of Tobacco Science, Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | - Binghui Zhang
- Institute of Tobacco Science, Fujian Provincial Tobacco Company, Fuzhou, China
| | | | | | | | - Yan Zheng
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding by Design, Fujian Agriculture & Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Lee CY, Chan CK, Chen YS, Lee YS, Lin ST, Chang YC, Wu HC, Zhang JR, Chen HY, Wang LT. Streptococcus taoyuanensis sp. nov., a Novel Species Isolated from a Patient with Bacteremia. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:286. [PMID: 39073451 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03806-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Streptococcus spp. are important opportunistic pathogen of bacteremia in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. A streptococcal strain, designated ST2T, was isolated from the blood specimen of a bacteremic patient. Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA, rpoB and groEL gene sequences demonstrated that the novel strain ST2T is a member of the genus Streptococcus. Based on of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, the type strains of Streptococcus (S.) parasanguinis (99.2%), S. ilei (98.8%), S. oralis subsp. oralis (97.6%), S. australis (97.5%) and S. sanguinis (97.5%) were the closest neighbours to strain ST2T. The housekeeping gene sequences (rpoB and groEL) similarities of strain ST2T to these closely related type strains were 80.4-97.4%, respectively. The complete draft genome of strain ST2T consisted of 2,155,906 bp with a G + C content of 42.0%. Strain ST2T has an average nucleotide identity (ANI) value of 94.1 and 81.3% with S. parasanguinis ATCC 15912T and S. ilei I-G2T, respectively. The highest in silico DNA-DNA hybridization value with respect to the closest species S. parasanguinis was 55.6%, below the species cut-off of 70% hybridization. The primary cellular fatty acids of strain ST2T were C16:0, C18:1 ω9c, C18:0 and C14:0. Based on biochemical criteria and molecular genetic evidence, it is proposed that strain ST2T be assigned to a new species of the genus Streptococcus as Streptococcus taoyuanensis sp. nov. The type strain of Streptococcus taoyuanensis is ST2T (=NBRC 115928T = BCRC 81374T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, No. 1492, Zhongshan Rd., Taoyuan District, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Chin-Kan Chan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, No. 1492, Zhongshan Rd., Taoyuan District, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yi-Sheng Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yun-Shien Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shih-Ting Lin
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC), Food Industry Research and Development Institute, 331 Shih-Pin Rd., Hsinchu, 30062, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Chung Chang
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hui-Chung Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jia-Rong Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hong-Yu Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Ming Chuan University, No. 5, De-Ming Rd., Guishan District, Taoyuan, 330, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Li-Ting Wang
- Bioresource Collection and Research Center (BCRC), Food Industry Research and Development Institute, 331 Shih-Pin Rd., Hsinchu, 30062, Taiwan, R.O.C..
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Han S, Lin Y, Meng Y, Si C. Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of SUS and AGPase Family Members in Sweet Potato: Response to Excessive Nitrogen Stress during Storage Root Formation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8236. [PMID: 39125807 PMCID: PMC11311812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) The development of sweet potato storage roots is impacted by nitrogen (N) levels, with excessive nitrogen often impeding development. Starch synthesis enzymes such as sucrose synthase (SUS) and ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) are pivotal in this context. Although the effects of excessive nitrogen on the formation of sweet potato storage roots are well documented, the specific responses of IbSUSs and IbAGPases have not been extensively reported on. (2) Pot experiments were conducted using the sweet potato cultivar "Pushu 32" at moderate (MN, 120 kg N ha-1) and excessive nitrogen levels (EN, 240 kg N ha-1). (3) Nine IbSUS and nine IbAGPase genes were categorized into three and two distinct subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis. Excessive nitrogen significantly (p < 0.05) suppressed the expression of IbAGPL1, IbAGPL2, IbAGPL4, IbAGPL5, IbAGPL6, IbAGPS1, and IbAGPS2 in fibrous roots and IbSUS2, IbSUS6, IbSUS7, IbSUS8, IbSUS9, IbAGPL2, and IbAGPL4 in storage roots, and then significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the SUS and AGPase activities and starch content of fibrous root and storage root, ultimately reducing the storage root formation of sweet potato. Excessive nitrogen extremely significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced the expression of IbAGPL3, which was strongly negatively correlated with the number and weight of storage roots per plant. (4) IbAGPL3 may be a key gene in the response to excessive nitrogen stress and modifying starch synthesis in sweet potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoxuan Han
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China; (S.H.); (Y.M.)
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Yanhui Lin
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Food Crops, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571100, China;
| | - Yayi Meng
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China; (S.H.); (Y.M.)
| | - Chengcheng Si
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry (School of Agricultural and Rural, School of Rural Revitalization), Hainan University, Danzhou 571700, China; (S.H.); (Y.M.)
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China
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