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Lu H, Zhang Q, Laverty DJ, Puncheon AC, Augustine M, Williams G, Nagel Z, Chen BC, Davis A. ATM phosphorylates the FATC domain of DNA-PKcs at threonine 4102 to promote non-homologous end joining. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:6770-6783. [PMID: 37309889 PMCID: PMC10359628 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) drives the DNA damage response via modulation of multiple signal transduction and DNA repair pathways. Previously, ATM activity was implicated in promoting the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway to repair a subset of DNA double-stranded breaks (DSBs), but how ATM performs this function is still unclear. In this study, we identified that ATM phosphorylates the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs), a core NHEJ factor, at its extreme C-terminus at threonine 4102 (T4102) in response to DSBs. Ablating phosphorylation at T4102 attenuates DNA-PKcs kinase activity and this destabilizes the interaction between DNA-PKcs and the Ku-DNA complex, resulting in decreased assembly and stabilization of the NHEJ machinery at DSBs. Phosphorylation at T4102 promotes NHEJ, radioresistance, and increases genomic stability following DSB induction. Collectively, these findings establish a key role for ATM in NHEJ-dependent repair of DSBs through positive regulation of DNA-PKcs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiming Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390, USA
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390, USA
| | - Daniel J Laverty
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA02115, USA
| | - Andrew C Puncheon
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390, USA
| | - Mathew M Augustine
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390, USA
- Department of Surgery, North Texas VA Medical Center, Dallas, TX75216, USA
| | - Gareth J Williams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Robson DNA Science Centre, Charbonneau Cancer Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Zachary D Nagel
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA02115, USA
| | - Benjamin P C Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390, USA
| | - Anthony J Davis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390, USA
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Lu H, Zhang Q, Laverty DJ, Puncheon AC, Williams GJ, Nagel ZD, Chen BP, Davis AJ. ATM phosphorylates the FATC domain of DNA-PK cs at threonine 4102 to promote non-homologous end joining. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.02.02.526879. [PMID: 36778257 PMCID: PMC9915669 DOI: 10.1101/2023.02.02.526879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) drives the DNA damage response via modulation of multiple signal transduction and DNA repair pathways. Previously, ATM activity was implicated in promoting the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway to repair a subset of DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), but how ATM performs this function is still unclear. In this study, we identified that ATM phosphorylates the DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PK cs ), a core NHEJ factor, at its extreme C-terminus at threonine 4102 (T4102) in response to DSBs. Phosphorylation at T4102 stabilizes the interaction between DNA-PK cs and the Ku-DNA complex and promotes assembly and stabilization of the NHEJ machinery at DSBs. Ablating phosphorylation at this site results in decreased NHEJ, radiosensitivity, and increased radiation-induced genomic instability. Collectively, these findings establish a key role for ATM in NHEJ-dependent repair of DSBs through positive regulation of DNA-PK cs .
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Maudsley S, Walter D, Schrauwen C, Van Loon N, Harputluoğlu İ, Lenaerts J, McDonald P. Intersection of the Orphan G Protein-Coupled Receptor, GPR19, with the Aging Process. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113598. [PMID: 36362387 PMCID: PMC9653598 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent one of the most functionally diverse classes of transmembrane proteins. GPCRs and their associated signaling systems have been linked to nearly every physiological process. They also constitute nearly 40% of the current pharmacopeia as direct targets of remedial therapies. Hence, their place as a functional nexus in the interface between physiological and pathophysiological processes suggests that GPCRs may play a central role in the generation of nearly all types of human disease. Perhaps one mechanism through which GPCRs can mediate this pivotal function is through the control of the molecular aging process. It is now appreciated that, indeed, many human disorders/diseases are induced by GPCR signaling processes linked to pathological aging. Here we discuss one such novel member of the GPCR family, GPR19, that may represent an important new target for novel remedial strategies for the aging process. The molecular signaling pathways (metabolic control, circadian rhythm regulation and stress responsiveness) associated with this recently characterized receptor suggest an important role in aging-related disease etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Maudsley
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Deborah Walter
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Claudia Schrauwen
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Nore Van Loon
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - İrem Harputluoğlu
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Julia Lenaerts
- Receptor Biology Lab, University of Antwerp, 2610 Antwerpen, Belgium
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