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Li X, Cao X, Li J, Niu Q, Mo Y, Xiao L. Genome-wide characterization of C2H2 zinc-finger gene family provides insight into the mechanisms and evolution of the dehydration-rehydration responses in Physcomitrium and Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:953459. [PMID: 36262662 PMCID: PMC9574186 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.953459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration tolerance is a vital factor for land plant evolution and world agricultural production. Numerous studies enlightened that the plant-specific C2H2-type zinc-finger proteins (C2H2-ZFPs) as master regulators played pivotal roles in the abiotic stress responses of plants. However, a comprehensive understanding of the evolution of C2H2-ZFPs in terrestrial plants and its regulatory mechanism in dehydration and rehydration response remains a mystery. In this study, the genome-wide identification of C2H2-ZFP genes revealed 549 homologs in the representatives of terrestrial plant lineages from liverwort to angiosperms. Based on the characteristics of the conserved C2H2-ZF domains, four major C2H2-ZF types (M-, Z-, Q-, and D-type) were identified in the C2H2-ZFPs, with the dominants of M-type in all selected species and followed by Z-type in non-seed plants and Q-type in seed plants, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of the identified C2H2-ZFPs supported four major groups in the land plant representatives, among which the members from the desiccation-tolerant Physcomitrium patens and the dehydration-sensitive Arabidopsis thaliana displayed different topological relationships in the phylogenies reconstructed for a single species. C2H2-ZFPs clustered in the same subclades shared similar features in their conserved domains and gene structures. Approximately, 81% of the C2H2-ZFP promoters of all 549 identified C2H2-ZFPs harbored the conserved ABA-responsive elements (ABREs) and/or dehydration-responsive elements (DREs). Comparative transcriptomic analyses showed that 50 PpZFPs and 56 AtZFPs significantly changed their transcripts abundance. Interestingly, most of the dehydration- and rehydration-responsive PpZPFs and AtZFPs had been predicted to contain the ABRE and DRE elements in their promoter regions and with over half of which phylogenetically belonging to group III. The differences in the expression patterns of C2H2-ZFPs in responses to dehydration and rehydration between P. patens and A. thaliana reflected their different strategies to adapt to dehydration. The identified candidate PpZFPs were specifically induced by moderate dehydration and reached the peak transcript abundance in severe dehydration. Our study lays the foundations for further functional investigation of C2H2-ZFPs in dehydration responses from an evolutionary perspective in land plants. The findings will provide us with genetic resources and potential targets for drought tolerance breeding in crops and beyond.
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Physiological and transcriptome analyses of photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism in variegated Citrus (Shiranuhi and Huangguogan) seedlings. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15670. [PMID: 31666652 PMCID: PMC6821843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52276-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus species are among the most economically important fruit crops. Physiological characteristics and molecular mechanisms associated with de-etiolation have been partially revealed. However, little is known about the mechanisms controlling the expression and function of genes associated with photosynthesis and chlorophyll biosynthesis in variegated citrus seedlings. The lower biomass, chlorophyll contents, and photosynthetic parameter values recorded for the variegated seedlings suggested that chlorophyll biosynthesis was partially inhibited. Additionally, roots of the variegated seedlings were longer than the roots of green seedlings. We obtained 567.07 million clean reads and 85.05 Gb of RNA-sequencing data, with more than 94.19% of the reads having a quality score of Q30 (sequencing error rate = 0.1%). Furthermore, we detected 4,786 and 7,007 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between variegated and green Shiranuhi and Huangguogan seedlings. Thirty common pathways were differentially regulated, including pathways related to photosynthesis (GO: 0015979) and the chloroplast (GO: 0009507). Photosynthesis (44 and 63 DEGs), photosynthesis-antenna proteins (14 and 29 DEGs), and flavonoid biosynthesis (16 and 29 DEGs) pathways were the most common KEGG pathways detected in two analyzed libraries. Differences in the expression patterns of PsbQ, PetF, PetB, PsaA, PsaN, PsbP, PsaF, Cluster-2274.8338 (ZIP1), Cluster-2274.38688 (PTC52), and Cluster-2274.78784 might be responsible for the variegation in citrus seedlings. We completed a physiological- and transcriptome-level comparison of the Shiranuhi and Huangguogan cultivars that differ in terms of seedling variegation. We performed mRNA-seq analyses of variegated and green Shiranuhi and Huangguogan seedlings to explore the genes and regulatory pathways involved in the inhibition of chlorophyll biosynthesis and decreases in Chl a and Chl b contents. The candidate genes described herein should be investigated in greater detail to further characterize variegated citrus seedlings.
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Li H, Li J, Xu R, Qin R, Song F, Li L, Wei P, Yang J. Isolation of five rice nonendosperm tissue-expressed promoters and evaluation of their activities in transgenic rice. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2018; 16:1138-1147. [PMID: 29105251 PMCID: PMC5978396 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Using promoters expressed in nonendosperm tissues to activate target genes in specific plant tissues or organs with very limited expression in the endosperm is an attractive approach in crop transgenic engineering. In this article, five putative nonendosperm tissue-expressed promoters were cloned from the rice genome and designated POsNETE1 , POsNETE2 , POsNETE3 , POsNETE4 and POsNETE5 . By qualitatively and quantitatively examining GUSplus reporter gene expression in transgenic rice plants, POsNETE1 -POsNETE5 were all found to be active in the roots, leaves, stems, sheaths and panicles but not in the endosperm of plants at different developmental stages. In addition, POsNETE2 , POsNETE4 and POsNETE5 were also inactive in rice embryos. Among these promoters, POsNETE4 and POsNETE5 exhibited higher activities in all of the tested tissues, and their activities in stems, leaves, roots and sheaths were higher than or comparable to those of the rice Actin1 promoter. We also progressively monitored the activities of POsNETE1 -POsNETE5 in two generations of single-copy lines and found that these promoters were stably expressed between generations. Transgenic rice was produced using POsNETE4 and POsNETE5 to drive a modified Bt gene, mCry1Ab. Bt protein expressed in the tested plants ranged from 1769.4 to 4428.8 ng/g fresh leaves, whereas Bt protein was barely detected in the endosperm. Overall, our study identified five novel nonendosperm tissue-expressed promoters that might be suitable for rice genetic engineering and might reduce potential social concern regarding the safety of GMO crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui ProvinceRice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui ProvinceRice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Rongfang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui ProvinceRice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Ruiying Qin
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui ProvinceRice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Fengshun Song
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui ProvinceRice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui ProvinceRice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Pengcheng Wei
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui ProvinceRice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Jianbo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Breeding of Anhui ProvinceRice Research InstituteAnhui Academy of Agricultural SciencesHefeiChina
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Meng D, He M, Bai Y, Xu H, Dandekar AM, Fei Z, Cheng L. Decreased sorbitol synthesis leads to abnormal stamen development and reduced pollen tube growth via an MYB transcription factor, MdMYB39L, in apple (Malus domestica). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 217:641-656. [PMID: 29027668 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Sugars produced by photosynthesis not only fuel plant growth and development, but may also act as signals to regulate plant growth and development. This work focuses on the role of sorbitol, a sugar alcohol, in flower development and pollen tube growth of apple (Malus domestica). Transgenic 'Greensleeves' apple trees with decreased sorbitol synthesis had abnormal stamen development, a decreased pollen germination rate and reduced pollen tube growth, which were all closely related to lower sorbitol concentrations in stamens. RNA sequencing and quantitative RT-PCR analyses identified reduced transcript levels during stamen development and pollen tube growth in the transgenic trees of a stamen-specific MYB39-like transcription factor, MdMYB39L, and of its putative target genes involved in hexose uptake, cell wall formation and microsporogenesis. Suppressing MdMYB39L expression in pollen via antisense oligonucleotide transfection significantly reduced the expression of its putative target genes and pollen tube growth. Exogenous sorbitol application during flower development partially restored MdMYB39L expression, stamen development, and pollen germination and tube growth of the transgenic trees. Addition of sorbitol to the germination medium also partially restored pollen germination and tube growth of the transgenic trees. We conclude that sorbitol plays an essential role in stamen development and pollen tube growth via MdMYB39L in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Meng
- Section of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Mingyang He
- Section of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400712, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Hongxia Xu
- Section of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
- Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Abhaya M Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | | | - Lailiang Cheng
- Section of Horticulture, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
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Sheng Z, Lv Y, Li W, Luo R, Wei X, Xie L, Jiao G, Shao G, Wang J, Tang S, Hu P. Yellow-Leaf 1 encodes a magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase, involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis in rice (Oryza sativa L.). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177989. [PMID: 28558018 PMCID: PMC5448749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnesium-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase (MPEC) catalyzes the conversion of MPME to divinyl protochlorophyllide (DVpchlide). This is an essential enzyme during chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis but details of its function in rice are still lacking. Here, we identified a novel rice mutant yellow-leaf 1 (yl-1), which showed decreased Chl accumulation, abnormal chloroplast ultrastructure and attenuated photosynthetic activity. Map-based cloning and over-expression analysis suggested that YL-1 encodes a subunit of MPEC. The YL-1 protein localizes in chloroplasts, and it is mainly expressed in green tissues, with greatest abundance in leaves and young panicles. Results of qRT-PCR showed that Chl biosynthesis upstream genes were highly expressed in the yl-1 mutant, while downstream genes were compromised, indicating that YL-1 plays a pivotal role in the Chl biosynthesis. Furthermore, the expression levels of photosynthesis and chloroplast development genes were also affected. RNA-seq results futher proved that numerous membrane-associated genes, including many plastid membrane-associated genes, have altered expression pattern in the yl-1 mutant, implying that YL-1 is required for plastid membrane stability. Thus, our study confirms a putative MPME cyclase as a novel key enzyme essential for Chl biosynthesis and chloroplast membrane stability in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yusong Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- Agricultural College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Rongjian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangjin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guiai Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gaoneng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Agricultural College of Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, China
| | - Shaoqing Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (PH); (ST)
| | - Peisong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (PH); (ST)
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Characterization of the Rat GAL2R Promoter: Positive Role of ETS-1 in Regulation of the Rat GAL2R Gene in PC12 Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4421-4431. [PMID: 27349435 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9986-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Galanin receptor 2 (GAL2R) is a G protein-coupled receptor for the neuropeptide galanin that regulates many important physiological functions and pathological processes. To investigate the molecular mechanism governing GAL2R gene transcription, the rat GAL2R promoter was isolated and analyzed. We found that the region from -320 to -300 of the GAL2R promoter contains two putative ETS-1 elements and plays an important role in regulating GAL2R promoter activity. We also showed that transcription factor ETS-1 bound to this region in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of ETS-1 significantly increased GAL2R promoter activity and transcription of the GAL2R gene, whereas knockdown of ETS-1 produced the opposite effects. In addition, we showed that ETS-1 recruited co-activator p300 to the GAL2R promoter. These data indicate a role for ETS-1 in the control of the GAL2R gene expression and provide a basis for understanding the transcriptional regulation of the GAL2R gene.
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Wang Q, Zhu Y, Sun L, Li L, Jin S, Zhang X. Transgenic Bt cotton driven by the green tissue-specific promoter shows strong toxicity to lepidopteran pests and lower Bt toxin accumulation in seeds. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2016; 59:172-82. [PMID: 26728504 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-015-4920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A promoter of the PNZIP (Pharbitis nil leucine zipper) gene (1.459 kb) was cloned from Pharbitis nil and fused to the GUS (β-glucuronidase) and Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin (Cry9C) genes. Several transgenic PNZIP::GUS and PNZIP::Cry9C cotton lines were developed by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Strong GUS staining was detected in the green tissues of the transgenic PNZIP::GUS cotton plants. In contrast, GUS staining in the reproductive structures such as petals, anther, and immature seeds of PNZIP::GUS cotton was very faint. Two transgenic PNZIP::Cry9C lines and one transgenic cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S::Cry9C line were selected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and insect bioassays. Expression of the Cry9C protein in the 35S::Cry9C line maintained a high level in most tissues ranging from 24.6 to 45.5 μg g(-1) fresh weight. In green tissues such as the leaves, boll rinds, and bracts of the PNZIP::Cry9C line, the Cry9C protein accumulated up to 50.2, 39.7, and 48.3 μg g(-1) fresh weight respectively. In contrast, seeds of the PNZIP::Cry9C line (PZ1.3) accumulated only 0.26 μg g(-1) fresh weight of the Cry9C protein, which was 100 times lower than that recorded for the seeds of the CaMV 35S::Cry9C line. The insect bioassay showed that the transgenic PNZIP::Cry9C cotton plant exhibited strong resistance to both the cotton bollworm and the pink bollworm. The PNZIP promoter could effectively drive Bt toxin expression in green tissues of cotton and lower accumulated levels of the Bt protein in seeds. These features should allay public concerns about the safety of transgenic foods. We propose the future utility of PNZIP as an economical, environmentally friendly promoter in cotton biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lin Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lebin Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shuangxia Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Yang Y, Cui J, Xue F, Overstreet AM, Zhan Y, Shan D, Li H, Li H, Wang Y, Zhang M, Yu C, Xu ZQD. Resveratrol Represses Pokemon Expression in Human Glioma Cells. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:1266-1278. [PMID: 25875864 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-9081-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
POK erythroid myeloid ontogenic factor (Pokemon), an important proto-oncoprotein, is a transcriptional repressor that regulates the expression of many genes and plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural polyphenolic compound, has many beneficial biological effects on health. In this study, we investigated the role of Pokemon in RSV-induced biological effects and the effect of RSV on the expression of Pokemon in glioma cells. We found that overexpression of Pokemon decreased RSV-induced cell apoptosis, senescence, and anti-proliferative effects. Moreover, we showed that RSV could efficiently decrease the activity of the Pokemon promoter and the expression of Pokemon. Meanwhile, RSV also inhibited Sp1 DNA binding activity to the Pokemon promoter; whereas, it did not influence the expression and nuclear translocation of Sp1. In addition, we found that RSV could increase the recruitment of HDAC1, but decreased p300 to the Pokemon promoter. Taken together, all these results extended our understanding on the anti-cancer mechanism of RSV in glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Laboratory of Brain Disorders (MOST), Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Jiajun Cui
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Feng Xue
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Anne-Marie Overstreet
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Yiping Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Dapeng Shan
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Laboratory of Brain Disorders (MOST), Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | | | - Mengmeng Zhang
- Jiaxing Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine, Jiaxing, 314001, China
| | - Chunjiang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Zhi-Qing David Xu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Beijing Laboratory of Brain Disorders (MOST), Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Yang Y, Cui J, Xue F, Zhang C, Mei Z, Wang Y, Bi M, Shan D, Meredith A, Li H, Xu ZQD. Pokemon (FBI-1) interacts with Smad4 to repress TGF-β-induced transcriptional responses. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1849:270-81. [PMID: 25514493 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pokemon, an important proto-oncoprotein, is a transcriptional repressor that belongs to the POK (POZ and Krüppel) family. Smad4, a key component of TGF-β pathway, plays an essential role in TGF-β-induced transcriptional responses. In this study, we show that Pokemon can interact directly with Smad4 both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of Pokemon decreases TGF-β-induced transcriptional activities, whereas knockdown of Pokemon increases these activities. Interestingly, Pokemon does not affect activation of Smad2/3, formation of Smads complex, or DNA binding activity of Smad4. TGF-β1 treatment increases the interaction between Pokemon and Smad4, and also enhances the recruitment of Pokemon to Smad4-DNA complex. In addition, we also find that Pokemon recruits HDAC1 to Smad4 complex but decreases the interaction between Smad4 and p300/CBP. Taken together, all these data suggest that Pokemon is a new partner of Smad4 and plays a negative role in TGF-β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing,100069, China.
| | - Jiajun Cui
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45267, USA; Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chuanfu Zhang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Zhu Mei
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing,100069, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Mingjun Bi
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45267, USA
| | - Dapeng Shan
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Alex Meredith
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45267, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington KY, 40536, USA
| | - Zhi-Qing David Xu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing,100069, China.
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Ji L, Xu R, Lu L, Zhang J, Yang G, Huang J, Wu C, Zheng C. TM6, a novel nuclear matrix attachment region, enhances its flanking gene expression through influencing their chromatin structure. Mol Cells 2013; 36:127-37. [PMID: 23852133 PMCID: PMC3887953 DOI: 10.1007/s10059-013-0092-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear matrix attachment regions (MARs) regulate the higher-order organization of chromatin and affect the expression of their flanking genes. In this study, a tobacco MAR, TM6, was isolated and demonstrated to remarkably increase the expression of four different promoters that drive gusA gene and adjacent nptII gene. In turn, this expression enhanced the transformation frequency of transgenic tobacco. Deletion analysis of topoisomerase II-binding site, AT-rich element, and MAR recognition signature (MRS) showed that MRS has the highest contribution (61.7%) to the TM6 sequence-mediated transcription activation. Micrococcal nuclease (MNase) accessibility assay showed that 35S and NOS promoter regions with TM6 are more sensitive than those without TM6. The analysis also revealed that TM6 reduces promoter DNA methylation which can affect the gusA expression. In addition, two tobacco chromatin-associated proteins, NtMBP1 and NtHMGB, isolated using a yeast one-hybrid system, specifically bound to the TM6II-1 region (761 bp to 870 bp) and to the MRS element in the TM6II-2 (934 bp to 1,021 bp) region, respectively. We thus suggested that TM6 mediated its chromatin opening and chromatin accessibility of its flanking promoters with consequent enhancement of transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusha Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018,
P.R. China
- Present address: College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059,
P.R. China
| | - Rui Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018,
P.R. China
| | - Longtao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018,
P.R. China
- Present address: Weifang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Weifang, Shandong 261061,
P.R.China
| | - Jiedao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018,
P.R. China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018,
P.R. China
| | - Jinguang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018,
P.R. China
| | - Changai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018,
P.R. China
| | - Chengchao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018,
P.R. China
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Hung CY, Sun YH, Chen J, Darlington DE, Williams AL, Burkey KO, Xie J. Identification of a Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase homologue, EaZIP, differentially expressed in variegated Epipremnum aureum 'Golden Pothos' is achieved through a unique method of comparative study using tissue regenerated plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2010; 61:1483-93. [PMID: 20167611 PMCID: PMC2914579 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erq020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Variegated plants provide a valuable tool for studying chloroplast biogenesis by allowing direct comparison between green and white/yellow sectors within the same leaf. While variegated plants are abundant in nature, the mechanism of leaf variegation remains largely unknown. Current studies are limited to a few mutants in model plant species, and are complicated by the potential for cross-contamination during dissection of leaf tissue into contrasting sectors. To overcome these obstacles, an alternative approach was explored using tissue-culture techniques to regenerate plantlets from unique sectors. Stable green and pale yellow plants were developed from a naturally variegated Epipremnum aureum 'Golden Pothos'. By comparing the gene expression between green and pale yellow plants using suppression subtractive hybridization in conjunction with homologous sequence search, nine down-regulated and 18 up-regulated genes were identified in pale yellow plants. Transcript abundance for EaZIP (Epipremnum aureum leucine zipper), a nuclear gene homologue of tobacco NTZIP and Arabidopsis CHL27, was reduced more than 4000-fold in qRT-PCR analysis. EaZIP encodes the Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester cyclase, one of the key enzymes in the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway. Examination of EaZIP expression in naturally variegated 'Golden Pothos' confirmed that EaZIP transcript levels were correlated with leaf chlorophyll contents, suggesting that this gene plays a major role in the loss of chlorophyll in the pale yellow sectors of E. aureum 'Golden Pothos'. This study further suggests that tissue-culture regeneration of plantlets from different coloured sectors of variegated leaves can be used to investigate the underlying mechanisms of variegation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Yueh Hung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Ying-Hsuan Sun
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Environmental Horticulture Department and Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Apopka, University of Florida, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
| | - Diane E. Darlington
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Alfred L. Williams
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Kent O. Burkey
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Unit and Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Jiahua Xie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomanufacturing Research Institute and Technology Enterprise, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail:
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Tsuwamoto R, Harada T. Identification of a cis-regulatory element that acts in companion cell-specific expression of AtMT2B promoter through the use of Brassica vasculature and gene-gun-mediated transient assay. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 51:80-90. [PMID: 19939834 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcp169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The molecular basis underlying the development, maintenance and function of companion cells in plants is largely unknown. The identification of several genes expressed specifically in companion cells implies the contribution of specific transcriptional elements to the identity of companion cells. However, less is known about the companion cell-specific transcriptional regulation of promoters. We established a novel assay method using gene-gun delivery of partially deleted promoters to string-containing vascular bundles excised from the petiole of Brassica napus for the rapid identification of cis-elements. To test this system, we analyzed the Arabidopsis METALLOTHIONEIN 2B (MT2B) gene, which is expressed in companion cells. The assay revealed a 49-bp region possessing two predicted cis-regulatory elements: a G-box and an evening element-related sequence (EEr), and EEr showed higher activity. We confirmed the reliability of the result with stable transformants harboring a deleted MT2B promoter:GUS transgene. The lack of EEr completely eliminated the MT2B-like expression, but the lack of G-box did not eliminate it. We conclude that EEr is a major cis-regulatory element of the MT2B promoter. Our method will help to explain the transcriptional background of companion cells through the rapid identification of cis-regulatory regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Tsuwamoto
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Japan
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