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Wei S, Yin D, Yu S, Lin X, Savani MR, Du K, Ku Y, Wu D, Li S, Liu H, Tian M, Chen Y, Bowie M, Hariharan S, Waitkus M, Keir ST, Sugarman ET, Deek RA, Labrie M, Khasraw M, Lu Y, Mills GB, Herlyn M, Wu K, Liu L, Wei Z, Flaherty KT, Abdullah K, Zhang G, Ashley DM. Antitumor Activity of a Mitochondrial-Targeted HSP90 Inhibitor in Gliomas. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:2180-2195. [PMID: 35247901 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the antitumor activity of a mitochondrial-localized HSP90 inhibitor, Gamitrinib, in multiple glioma models, and to elucidate the antitumor mechanisms of Gamitrinib in gliomas. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A broad panel of primary and temozolomide (TMZ)-resistant human glioma cell lines were screened by cell viability assays, flow cytometry, and crystal violet assays to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Gamitrinib. Seahorse assays were used to measure the mitochondrial respiration of glioma cells. Integrated analyses of RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and reverse phase protein array (RPPA) data were performed to reveal the potential antitumor mechanisms of Gamitrinib. Neurospheres, patient-derived organoids (PDO), cell line-derived xenografts (CDX), and patient-derived xenografts (PDX) models were generated to further evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of Gamitrinib. RESULTS Gamitrinib inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis and death in 17 primary glioma cell lines, 6 TMZ-resistant glioma cell lines, 4 neurospheres, and 3 PDOs. Importantly, Gamitrinib significantly delayed the tumor growth and improved survival of mice in both CDX and PDX models in which tumors were either subcutaneously or intracranially implanted. Integrated computational analyses of RNAseq and RPPA data revealed that Gamitrinib exhibited its antitumor activity via (i) suppressing mitochondrial biogenesis, OXPHOS, and cell-cycle progression and (ii) activating the energy-sensing AMP-activated kinase, DNA damage, and stress response. CONCLUSIONS These preclinical findings established the therapeutic role of Gamitrinib in gliomas and revealed the inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis and tumor bioenergetics as the primary antitumor mechanisms in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyou Wei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Delong Yin
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shengnan Yu
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Computer Science, Ying Wu College of Computing, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Milan R Savani
- Department of Neurosurgery, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Kuang Du
- Department of Computer Science, Ying Wu College of Computing, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Yin Ku
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Meng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Neurosurgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaohui Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Michelle Bowie
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Seethalakshmi Hariharan
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Matthew Waitkus
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Stephen T Keir
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Eric T Sugarman
- Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca A Deek
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marilyne Labrie
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Mustafa Khasraw
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Yiling Lu
- Division of Cancer Medicine, Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health Sciences University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lunxu Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Institute of Thoracic Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhi Wei
- Department of Computer Science, Ying Wu College of Computing, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Keith T Flaherty
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kalil Abdullah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Gao Zhang
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - David M Ashley
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina.,Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
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