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Robbins JA, Tait D, Huang Q, Dubey S, Crumley T, Cote J, Luk J, Sachs JR, Rutkowski K, Park H, Schwab R, Howitt WJ, Rondon JC, Hernandez-Illas M, O'Reilly T, Smith W, Simon J, Hardalo C, Zhao X, Wnek R, Cope A, Lai E, Annunziato P, Guris D, Stoch SA. Safety and immunogenicity of intramuscular, single-dose V590 (rVSV-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine) in healthy adults: Results from a phase 1 randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging trial. EBioMedicine 2022; 82:104138. [PMID: 35809371 PMCID: PMC9259069 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccines against COVID-19 are needed to overcome challenges associated with mitigating the global pandemic. We report the safety and immunogenicity of V590, a live recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus-based COVID-19 vaccine candidate. METHODS In this placebo-controlled, double-blind, three-part phase 1 study, healthy adults were randomised to receive a single intramuscular dose of vaccine or placebo. In Part 1, younger (18-54 years) and, in Part 2, older (≥55 years) adults seronegative for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid received one of four V590 dose levels (5.00 × 105; 2.40 × 106; 1.15 × 107; or 5.55 × 107 plaque-forming units [pfu]) or placebo. In Part 3, a single V590 dose level (5.55 × 10⁷ pfu) or placebo was administered to younger SARS-CoV-2 seropositive adults. Primary endpoints included adverse events (AEs) and for Parts 1 and 2 anti-SARS-CoV-2 serum neutralising antibody responses measured by 50% plaque reduction neutralisation (PRNT50) assay at Day 28. Registration NCT04569786 [P001-02]. FINDINGS 232 participants were randomised and 219 completed the study. In seronegative participants, anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific antibody responses to V590 were low and comparable to placebo across the lower dose levels. At the highest dose level (5.55 × 107 pfu), anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific PRNT50 was 2.3-fold higher than placebo. The most frequently reported AEs were injection-site pain (38.4%), headache (15.1%) and fatigue (13.4%). INTERPRETATION V590 was generally well-tolerated. However, Day 28 anti-SARS-Cov-2 spike-specific antibody responses in seronegative participants following a single intramuscular administration of V590 were not sufficient to warrant continued development. FUNDING The study was funded by Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dereck Tait
- The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Inc. (IAVI), New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - Josee Cote
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Julie Luk
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Kathryn Rutkowski
- The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Inc. (IAVI), New York, USA
| | - Harriet Park
- The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Inc. (IAVI), New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - William Smith
- Alliance for Multispecialty Research, LLC, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Alethea Cope
- The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, Inc. (IAVI), New York, USA
| | - Eseng Lai
- Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
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