Dmowski WP, DeOrio L, Rana N. Embryo implantation during menstruation in the absence of adequate estradiol and progesterone support, with subsequent normal response to ovulation induction and superfetation.
Fertil Steril 1997;
68:538-41. [PMID:
9314930 DOI:
10.1016/s0015-0282(97)00244-6]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To report an unusual case of embryo implantation and superfetation.
DESIGN
Retrospective case analysis.
SETTING
Oak Brook Fertility Center.
PATIENT(S)
A 41-year-old woman underwent two consecutive ovarian stimulation cycles interrupted by a normal menstrual period. Ovulation and implantation occurred during both cycles. The first embryo conceived developed normally until term; the second failed to develop.
INTERVENTION(S)
None.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S)
Retrospective analysis of stored blood samples for serum E2, P, and beta-hCG levels.
RESULT(S)
Rising beta-hCG levels during menstruation indicated normal embryonic implantation in the absence of adequate E2 and P support. During subsequent ovarian stimulation, there was a normal follicular and E2 response and normal ovulation in spite of the ongoing pregnancy. The second embryo, conceived during the second cycle of stimulation, implanted but failed to develop.
CONCLUSION(S)
This unusual case indicates that E2, P, and endometrial thickness requirements for successful implantation may not always be as critical as postulated previously. The absence of a decidual response might have facilitated superfetation.
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