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Masuda M, Ihara S, Mori N, Koide T, Miyasaka N, Wakisaka N, Yoshikawa K, Watanabe H, Touhara K, Yoshihara Y. Identification of olfactory alarm substances in zebrafish. Curr Biol 2024; 34:1377-1389.e7. [PMID: 38423017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Escaping from danger is one of the most fundamental survival behaviors for animals. Most freshwater fishes display olfactory alarm reactions in which an injured fish releases putative alarm substances from the skin to notify its shoaling company about the presence of danger. Here, we identified two small compounds in zebrafish skin extract, designated as ostariopterin and daniol sulfate. Ostariopterin is a pterin derivative commonly produced in many freshwater fishes belonging to the Ostariophysi superorder. Daniol sulfate is a novel sulfated bile alcohol specifically present in the Danio species, including zebrafish. Ostariopterin and daniol sulfate activate distinct glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. Zebrafish display robust alarm reactions, composed of darting, freezing, and bottom dwelling, only when they are concomitantly stimulated with ostariopterin and daniol sulfate. These results demonstrate that the fish alarm reaction is driven through a coincidence detection mechanism of the two compounds along the olfactory neural circuitry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwa Masuda
- Laboratory for Systems Molecular Ethology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; RIKEN CBS-KAO Collaboration Center, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Sayoko Ihara
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Naoki Mori
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Koide
- Laboratory for Systems Molecular Ethology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Miyasaka
- Laboratory for Systems Molecular Ethology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; RIKEN CBS-KAO Collaboration Center, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Noriko Wakisaka
- Laboratory for Systems Molecular Ethology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Keiichi Yoshikawa
- Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hidenori Watanabe
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kazushige Touhara
- ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yoshihara
- Laboratory for Systems Molecular Ethology, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; RIKEN CBS-KAO Collaboration Center, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Saitama 351-0198, Japan; ERATO Touhara Chemosensory Signal Project, JST, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
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Shaban MA. The Chemistry of C-Nucleosides and Their Analogs II: C-Nucleosides of Condensed Heterocyclic Bases. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2725(08)60931-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
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The Biosynthesis of Folic Acid and 6-Substituted Pteridine Derivatives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1970. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-40871-6.50014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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