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Di Pietro E, Burla R, La Torre M, González-García MP, Dello Ioio R, Saggio I. Telomeres: an organized string linking plants and mammals. Biol Direct 2024; 19:119. [PMID: 39568075 PMCID: PMC11577926 DOI: 10.1186/s13062-024-00558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 11/03/2024] [Indexed: 11/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are pivotal determinants of cell stemness, organismal aging, and lifespan. Herein, we examined similarities in telomeres of Arabidopsis thaliana, mice, and humans. We report the common traits, which include their composition in multimers of TTAGGG sequences and their protection by specialized proteins. Moreover, given the link between telomeres, on the one hand, and cell proliferation and stemness on the other, we discuss the counterintuitive convergence between plants and mammals in this regard, focusing on the impact of niches on cell stemness. Finally, we suggest that tackling the study of telomere function and cell stemness by taking into consideration both plants and mammals can aid in the understanding of interconnections and contribute to research focusing on aging and organismal lifespan determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edison Di Pietro
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Burla
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- CNR Institute of Biology and Pathology, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia La Torre
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mary-Paz González-García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria), UPM-INIA/CSIC. Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raffaele Dello Ioio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Isabella Saggio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza, University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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Liu J, Yu Z, Ding Z. Root development: A new player integrates two old friends. Curr Biol 2024; 34:R1142-R1144. [PMID: 39561708 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
SCARECROW and SHORTROOT are key regulators of middle cortex formation in Arabidopsis roots, and gibberellin plays a crucial role in determining the timing of this process. A new study has filled the gap between these core regulators and elucidated the detailed molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Liu
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Zipeng Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhaojun Ding
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China.
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Agabekian IA, Abdulkina LR, Lushnenko AY, Young PG, Valeeva LR, Boskovic O, Lilly EG, Sharipova MR, Shippen DE, Juenger TE, Shakirov EV. Arabidopsis AN3 and OLIGOCELLULA genes link telomere maintenance mechanisms with cell division and expansion control. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:65. [PMID: 38816532 PMCID: PMC11372841 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01457-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Telomeres are conserved chromosomal structures necessary for continued cell division and proliferation. In addition to the classical telomerase pathway, multiple other genes including those involved in ribosome metabolism and chromatin modification contribute to telomere length maintenance. We previously reported that Arabidopsis thaliana ribosome biogenesis genes OLI2/NOP2A, OLI5/RPL5A and OLI7/RPL5B have critical roles in telomere length regulation. These three OLIGOCELLULA genes were also shown to function in cell proliferation and expansion control and to genetically interact with the transcriptional co-activator ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3). Here we show that AN3-deficient plants progressively lose telomeric DNA in early homozygous mutant generations, but ultimately establish a new shorter telomere length setpoint by the fifth mutant generation with a telomere length similar to oli2/nop2a -deficient plants. Analysis of double an3 oli2 mutants indicates that the two genes are epistatic for telomere length control. Telomere shortening in an3 and oli mutants is not caused by telomerase inhibition; wild type levels of telomerase activity are detected in all analyzed mutants in vitro. Late generations of an3 and oli mutants are prone to stem cell damage in the root apical meristem, implying that genes regulating telomere length may have conserved functional roles in stem cell maintenance mechanisms. Multiple instances of anaphase fusions in late generations of oli5 and oli7 mutants were observed, highlighting an unexpected effect of ribosome biogenesis factors on chromosome integrity. Overall, our data implicate AN3 transcription coactivator and OLIGOCELLULA proteins in the establishment of telomere length set point in plants and further suggest that multiple regulators with pleiotropic functions can connect telomere biology with cell proliferation and cell expansion pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna A Agabekian
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, 420008, Russia
| | - Liliia R Abdulkina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, 420008, Russia
| | - Alina Y Lushnenko
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, 420008, Russia
| | - Pierce G Young
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, 2128 TAMU, College Station, Texas, 77843-2128, USA
| | - Lia R Valeeva
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, 25701, USA
| | - Olivia Boskovic
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, 25701, USA
| | - Ethan G Lilly
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, 25701, USA
| | - Margarita R Sharipova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, 420008, Russia
| | - Dorothy E Shippen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, 2128 TAMU, College Station, Texas, 77843-2128, USA.
| | - Thomas E Juenger
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, 78712, USA.
| | - Eugene V Shakirov
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, 25701, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, 25755, USA.
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Agabekian IA, Abdulkina LR, Lushnenko AY, Young PG, Valeeva LR, Boskovic O, Lilly EG, Sharipova MR, Shippen DE, Juenger TE, Shakirov EV. Arabidopsis AN3 and OLIGOCELLULA genes link telomere maintenance mechanisms with cell division and expansion control. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3438810. [PMID: 37961382 PMCID: PMC10635316 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3438810/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Telomeres are conserved chromosomal structures necessary for continued cell division and proliferation. In addition to the classical telomerase pathway, multiple other genes including those involved in ribosome metabolism and chromatin modification contribute to telomere length maintenance. We previously reported that Arabidopsis thaliana ribosome biogenesis genes OLI2/NOP2A, OLI5/RPL5A and OLI7/RPL5B have critical roles in telomere length regulation. These three OLIGOCELLULA genes were also shown to function in cell proliferation and expansion control and to genetically interact with the transcriptional co-activator ANGUSTIFOLIA3 (AN3). Here we show that AN3-deficient plants progressively lose telomeric DNA in early homozygous mutant generations, but ultimately establish a new shorter telomere length setpoint by the fifth mutant generation with a telomere length similar to oli2/nop2a - deficient plants. Analysis of double an3 oli2 mutants indicates that the two genes are epistatic for telomere length control. Telomere shortening in an3 and oli mutants is not caused by telomerase inhibition; wild type levels of telomerase activity are detected in all analyzed mutants in vitro. Late generations of an3 and oli mutants are prone to stem cell damage in the root apical meristem, implying that genes regulating telomere length may have conserved functional roles in stem cell maintenance mechanisms. Multiple instances of anaphase fusions in late generations of oli5 and oli7 mutants were observed, highlighting an unexpected effect of ribosome biogenesis factors on chromosome integrity. Overall, our data implicate AN3 transcription coactivator and OLIGOCELLULA proteins in the establishment of telomere length set point in plants and further suggest that multiple regulators with pleiotropic functions can connect telomere biology with cell proliferation and cell expansion pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna A Agabekian
- Kazan Federal University: Kazanskij Privolzskij federal'nyj universitet
| | | | - Alina Y Lushnenko
- Kazan Federal University: Kazanskij Privolzskij federal'nyj universitet
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