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Di Natale C, Scognamiglio PL, Cascella R, Cecchi C, Russo A, Leone M, Penco A, Relini A, Federici L, Di Matteo A, Chiti F, Vitagliano L, Marasco D. Nucleophosmin contains amyloidogenic regions that are able to form toxic aggregates under physiological conditions. FASEB J 2015; 29:3689-701. [PMID: 25977257 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-269522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM)-1 is a multifunctional protein involved in a variety of biologic processes and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several human malignancies. To gain insight into the role of isolated fragments in NPM1 activities, we dissected the C-terminal domain (CTD) into its helical fragments. In this study, we observed the unexpected structural behavior of the peptide fragment corresponding to helix (H)2 (residues 264-277). This peptide has a strong tendency to form amyloidlike assemblies endowed with fibrillar morphology and β-sheet structure, under physiologic conditions, as shown by circular dichroism, thioflavin T, and Congo red binding assays; dynamic light scattering; and atomic force microscopy. The aggregates are also toxic to neuroblastoma cells, as determined using 3-(4;5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide reduction and Ca(2+) influx assays. We also found that the extension of the H2 sequence beyond its N terminus, comprising the connecting loop with H1, delayed aggregation and its associated cytotoxicity, suggesting that contiguous regions of H2 have a protective role in preventing aggregation. Our findings and those in the literature suggest that the helical structures present in the CTD are important in preventing harmful aggregation. These findings could elucidate the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) caused by NPM1 mutants. Because the CTD is not properly folded in these mutants, we hypothesize that the aggregation propensity of this NPM1 region is involved in the pathogenesis of AML. Preliminary assays on NPM1-Cter-MutA, the most frequent AML-CTD mutation, revealed its significant propensity for aggregation. Thus, the aggregation phenomena should be seriously considered in studies aimed at unveiling the molecular mechanisms of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Di Natale
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Pasqualina Liana Scognamiglio
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Cascella
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Cecchi
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Russo
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Marilisa Leone
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Amanda Penco
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Relini
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Federici
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Adele Di Matteo
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Chiti
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Vitagliano
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- *Department of Pharmacy, Diagnostica e Farmaceutica Molecolari-Società Cooperativa a Responsabilità Limitata, Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II," Naples, Italy; Section of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences "Mario Serio," University of Florence, Florence, Italy; Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Naples, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio," Chieti, Italy; and Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy
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