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Santana MADO, da Costa WVT, Celestino IC, dos Santos DF, Dornelas BDC, Pavelka MM, Luppi ADM, Goulart IMB. Fever of Unknown Origin, Wasting Syndrome and Bone Marrow Involvement: A Leprosy Case Report. Front Immunol 2022; 13:916319. [PMID: 35874693 PMCID: PMC9300819 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.916319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium leprae, the etiologic agent of leprosy, is an acid-fast-staining and slow-growing bacilli that infect macrophages and Schwann cells individually or through forming globi. The clinical presentation of leprosy is broad and depends on the host immune response. We report a case of a 42-year-old Brazilian man presenting with fever of unknown origin (FUO), anemia, wasting syndrome, and neuropathy. The diagnosis of lepromatous leprosy was made after an extensive investigation revealed the presence of M. leprae in the bone marrow. Bone marrow involvement in leprosy is rare and some authors believe the presence of M. leprae in the bone marrow can act as a reservoir of the disease facilitating future relapses. It is important to investigate bone marrow involvement in leprosy, especially when the patient presents with cytopenias and positive epidemiologic history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Araujo de Oliveira Santana
- National Reference Center for Sanitary Dermatology and Leprosy, Clinics’ Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Marcela Araujo de Oliveira Santana,
| | | | - Isadora Costa Celestino
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Diogo Fernandes dos Santos
- National Reference Center for Sanitary Dermatology and Leprosy, Clinics’ Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Bruno de Carvalho Dornelas
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Pathology Department, Clinical Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | | | - Andrea De Martino Luppi
- National Reference Center for Sanitary Dermatology and Leprosy, Clinics’ Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Isabela Maria Bernardes Goulart
- National Reference Center for Sanitary Dermatology and Leprosy, Clinics’ Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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