Personal dose equivalent conversion coefficients for electrons to 1 Ge V

An analytical fit and EGSnrc code (MC) calculations of personal dose equivalent conversion coefficients for mono-energetic electrons

This study aims for calculating a new set of the personal dose equivalent conversion coefficients H_p(d)/Φ when d = 0.07, 3, and 10 mm, for mono-energetic electron beams ranged from 0.06 MeV to 50 MeV for H_p(0.07), from 0.7 MeV to 50 MeV for H_p(3) and from 2 MeV to 50 MeV for H_p(10), which has incident on ICRU slab phantom. Additionally, we have calculated the conversion coefficients of a dose to the lens eye of into a new cylindrical phantom of the ORAMED project. The cylindrical phantom was proposed for calculating the eye lens dose equivalent as a cylinder much better approximates the form of a head than a slab. The ICRU tissue of density of 1 g/cm³ which is consists of 4-elemental has been used in slab and cylindrical phantoms. The calculations were carried out with EGSnrc code Monte Carlo (MC) and a new an analytical fit is applied to the data. Our results are found in a good agreement with those published by Veinot and Hertel (2012)) , with a local difference less than 1.5%. We have concluded that new analytical fits provide a convenient approach for determining conversion coefficients for discrete incident such as MC.

Personal dose-equivalent conversion coefficients for 1252 radionuclides

Dose conversion coefficients for radionuclides are useful for routine calculations in radiation protection in industry, medicine and research. They give a simple and often sufficient estimate of dose rates during production, handling and storage of radionuclide sources, based solely on the source's activity. The latest compilation of such conversion coefficients dates from 20 y ago, based on nuclear decay data published 30 y ago. The present publication provides radionuclide-specific conversion coefficients to personal dose based on the most recent evaluations of nuclear decay data for 1252 radionuclides and fluence-to-dose-equivalent conversion coefficients for monoenergetic radiations. It contains previously unknown conversion coefficients for >400 nuclides and corrects those conversion coefficients that were based on erroneous decay schemes. For the first time, estimates for the protection quantity Hp(3) are included.

Eye lens monitoring for interventional radiology personnel: dosemeters, calibration and practical aspects of H p (3) monitoring. A 2015 review

A thorough literature review about the current situation on the implementation of eye lens monitoring has been performed in order to provide recommendations regarding dosemeter types, calibration procedures and practical aspects of eye lens monitoring for interventional radiology personnel. Most relevant data and recommendations from about 100 papers have been analysed and classified in the following topics: challenges of today in eye lens monitoring; conversion coefficients, phantoms and calibration procedures for eye lens dose evaluation; correction factors and dosemeters for eye lens dose measurements; dosemeter position and influence of protective devices. The major findings of the review can be summarised as follows: the recommended operational quantity for the eye lens monitoring is H p (3). At present, several dosemeters are available for eye lens monitoring and calibration procedures are being developed. However, in practice, very often, alternative methods are used to assess the dose to the eye lens. A summary of correction factors found in the literature for the assessment of the eye lens dose is provided. These factors can give an estimation of the eye lens dose when alternative methods, such as the use of a whole body dosemeter, are used. A wide range of values is found, thus indicating the large uncertainty associated with these simplified methods. Reduction factors from most common protective devices obtained experimentally and using Monte Carlo calculations are presented. The paper concludes that the use of a dosemeter placed at collar level outside the lead apron can provide a useful first estimate of the eye lens exposure. However, for workplaces with estimated annual equivalent dose to the eye lens close to the dose limit, specific eye lens monitoring should be performed. Finally, training of the involved medical staff on the risks of ionising radiation for the eye lens and on the correct use of protective systems is strongly recommended.