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Gupta S, Bhandari SS, Gautam M, Grover S. Clinical practice guidelines on the environment and mental well-being. Indian J Psychiatry 2024; 66:S372-S390. [PMID: 38445269 PMCID: PMC10911325 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_792_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Snehil Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Samrat Singh Bhandari
- Department of Psychiatry, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Sikkim Manipal University, Gangtok, Sikkim, India
| | - Manaswi Gautam
- Department of Psychiatry, Gautam Hospital and Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India E-mail:
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Gilani TA, Mir MS. Association of road traffic noise exposure and prevalence of coronary artery disease: A cross-sectional study in North India. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021; 28:53458-53477. [PMID: 34031834 PMCID: PMC8143803 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14582-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have established that noise from transportation sources exceeding the safe limits elevates the risk for cardiovascular diseases. The results however have remained heterogeneous. The present study was conducted to investigate the association between road traffic noise exposure and prevalence of coronary artery disease besides sub-group analysis was performed for identifying the most susceptible population. Traffic noise exposure was measured using the Lden metric in both continuous and categorical forms. A cross-sectional study was performed and information about sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related factors was collected. Noise level < 60 dB(A) representing the quiet areas was used as the reference group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to estimate the odds for self-reported coronary artery disease concerning road traffic noise after adjusting for confounding variables. The residents living in noisy areas were found to have a 2.25 times higher risk per 5 dB(A) increment in the noise levels (95% CI = 1.38 to 3.67). Males were at a higher risk of CAD (OR = 2.61; 95% CI = 1.84 to 3.72) as compared to females (OR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.37-3.13). The subgroup analysis revealed that being sensitive to noise, belonging to a higher age group, reporting higher stress levels, and poor sleep quality were associated with higher risk. The study also provides evidence that exposure to noise levels greater than 60 dB(A) is associated with the prevalence of coronary artery disease in adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Towseef Ahmed Gilani
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India.
| | - Mohammad Shafi Mir
- Transportation & Planning Section, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, J&K, 190006, India
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Rudzik F, Thiesse L, Pieren R, Wunderli JM, Brink M, Foraster M, Héritier H, Eze IC, Garbazza C, Vienneau D, Probst-Hensch N, Röösli M, Cajochen C. Sleep spindle characteristics and arousability from nighttime transportation noise exposure in healthy young and older individuals. Sleep 2018; 41:4985511. [DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsy077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Rudzik
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Laurie Thiesse
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Pieren
- Empa, Laboratory for Acoustics/Noise Control, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Jean Marc Wunderli
- Empa, Laboratory for Acoustics/Noise Control, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Mark Brink
- Department of Noise and Non-ionizing Radiation, Federal Office for the Environment, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Maria Foraster
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Harris Héritier
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ikenna C Eze
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Corrado Garbazza
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Röösli
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian Cajochen
- Centre for Chronobiology, Psychiatric Hospital of the University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neurosciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Johns J, Masneuf S, Patt A, Hillmann E. Regular Exposure to Cowbells Affects the Behavioral Reactivity to a Noise Stimulus in Dairy Cows. Front Vet Sci 2017; 4:153. [PMID: 29034247 PMCID: PMC5626865 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2017.00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In alpine regions, cows are often equipped with bells during pasture season to ensure that farmers can locate them. Constant exposure to the chime of a bell may affect cows' acoustic perception in general. The aim of this study is to test whether routine bell exposure affects the reactivity to a noise stimulus and might be associated with hearing impairment in cows. For the assessment, behavioral and cardiac indicators were used as indirect measures of hearing capacity. Cows that were either used to wearing a bell or not were exposed to a playback of low and high amplitude (=varying loudness). In addition, we tested whether wearing earplugs, mimicking hearing impairment, reduced the cows' reactivity toward the playback. On 24 farms, half of them routinely using cowbells, 96 Brown Swiss cows were tested in a 2 × 2 factorial cross-over design (65 or 85 dB, without or with earplugs) in a balanced order. The effects of bell experience, amplitude, and earplugs on the latency to the first behavioral and cardiac response to a 5-s playback were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models, considering dependencies within the data set. Cows reacted faster without earplugs and when they were exposed to 85 dB compared with 65 dB. The proportion of cows leaving the feeding rack after onset of the playback was reduced by bell experience and earplugs and was increased when exposed to 85 dB compared with 65 dB. Exposure without earplugs to 85 dB but not to 65 dB increased heart rate. Heart rate and heart rate variability indicated increased sympathetic activation during the exposure to 85 dB compared with 65 dB. In general, behavioral and cardiac indicators did not indicate severe hearing impairment due to routine bell exposure. The 85-dB stimulus increased arousal and avoidance compared with the 65-dB stimulus, with bell experience and earplugs leading to a general decrease in avoidance of the stimulus. This may reflect an altered acoustic perception of the playback stimulus in dairy cows that are routinely exposed to bells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Johns
- Faculty of Organic Agricultural Sciences, Farm Animal Behavior and Husbandry Section, University of Kassel, Witzenhausen, Germany.,Ethology and Animal Welfare Unit, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Masneuf
- Ethology and Animal Welfare Unit, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Antonia Patt
- Ethology and Animal Welfare Unit, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Animal Welfare and Animal Husbandry, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Celle, Germany
| | - Edna Hillmann
- Ethology and Animal Welfare Unit, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Animal Husbandry, Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Smith MG, Croy I, Ögren M, Hammar O, Lindberg E, Persson Waye K. Physiological effects of railway vibration and noise on sleep. J Acoust Soc Am 2017; 141:3262. [PMID: 28599531 PMCID: PMC5433882 DOI: 10.1121/1.4983302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This paper evaluates the relative contribution of vibration and noise from railway on physiological sleep outcomes. Vibration from railway freight often accompanies airborne noise, yet is almost totally absent in the existing literature. In an experimental investigation, 23 participants, each sleeping for six nights in the laboratory, were exposed to 36 simulated railway freight pass-bys per night with vibration alone (aWd,max = 0.0204 ms-2), noise alone (LAF,max = 49.8 dB), or both vibration and noise simultaneously. A fourth exposure night involved 52 pass-bys with concurrent vibration and noise. Sleep was measured with polysomnography. Cardiac activity was measured with electrocardiography. The probability of cortical arousals or awakenings was greater following all exposures, including vibration alone, than spontaneous reaction probability (p < 0.05). The effects of vibration exposure and noise exposure on changes of sleep stage and arousals were directly additive. Vibration and noise exposure both induced heart rate acceleration above spontaneously expected fluctuations at baseline. The results indicate that vibration and noise are processed in the brain separately yet in parallel, with both contributing towards the likelihood of sleep disruption. The findings show that vibration is of importance when considering the impact of railway freight on sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Smith
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ilona Croy
- Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mikael Ögren
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Oscar Hammar
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Eva Lindberg
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Persson Waye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Smith MG, Croy I, Hammar O, Persson Waye K. Vibration from freight trains fragments sleep: A polysomnographic study. Sci Rep 2016; 6:24717. [PMID: 27090401 PMCID: PMC4835753 DOI: 10.1038/srep24717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the number of freight trains on railway networks increases, so does the potential for vibration exposure in dwellings nearby to freight railway lines. Nocturnal trains in particular are of particular importance since night-time exposure may interfere with sleep. The present work investigates the impact of vibration and noise from night-time freight trains on human sleep. In an experimental polysomnographic laboratory study, 24 young healthy volunteers with normal hearing were exposed to simulated freight pass-bys with vibration amplitudes of 0.7 and 1.4 mm/s either 20 or 36 times during the night. Stronger vibrations were associated with higher probabilities of event-related arousals and awakenings (p < 0.001), and sleep stage changes (p < 0.05). Sleep macrostructure was most affected in high vibration nights with 36 events, with increased wakefulness (p < 0.05), reduced continual slow wave sleep (p < 0.05), earlier awakenings (p < 0.05) and an overall increase in sleep stage changes (p < 0.05). Subjects reported sleep disturbance due to vibration (F(4,92) = 25.9, p < 0.001) and noise (F(4,92) = 25.9, p < 0.001), with the number of trains having an effect only for the 0.7 mm/s condition (p < 0.05). The findings show that combined vibration and noise from railway freight affects the natural rhythm of sleep, but extrapolation of significance for health outcomes should be approached with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Smith
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ilona Croy
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Dresden Medical School, Dresden, Germany
| | - Oscar Hammar
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kerstin Persson Waye
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Oftedal B, Krog NH, Pyko A, Eriksson C, Graff-Iversen S, Haugen M, Schwarze P, Pershagen G, Aasvang GM. Road traffic noise and markers of obesity - a population-based study. Environ Res 2015; 138:144-153. [PMID: 25710788 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise has been found to be associated with endocrine changes and cardiovascular disease. Increased cortisol levels and chronic sleep problems due to noise may increase the risk of obesity. OBJECTIVES We investigated the relationship between road traffic noise and obesity markers. Furthermore, we explored the modifying role of noise sensitivity, noise annoyance, and sleep disturbances. METHODS We used data from a population-based study, HUBRO (N=15,085), and its follow-up study HELMILO (N=8410) conducted in Oslo, Norway. Measurements were used to define body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and these binary outcomes: BMI≥30kg/m(2), WC≥102cm (men)/88cm (women), and WHR≥0.90 (men)/0.85 (women). Modelled levels of road traffic noise (Lden) were assigned to each participant's home address. Linear and logistic regression models were used to examine the associations. RESULTS The results indicated no significant associations between road traffic noise and obesity markers in the total populations. However, in highly noise sensitive women (n=1106) a 10dB increase in noise level was associated with a slope (=beta) of 1.02 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.03) for BMI, 1.01 (CI: 1.00, 1.02) for WC, and an odds ratio (OR) of 1.24 (CI: 1.01, 1.53) for WHR ≥0.85. The associations appeared weaker in highly noise sensitive men. We found no effect modification of noise annoyance or sleep disturbances. In a sub-population with bedroom facing a road, the associations increased in men (e.g. an OR of 1.25 (CI: 0.88, 1.78) for BMI ≥30kg/m(2)), but not in women. Among long-term residents the associations increased for BMI ≥30kg/m(2) (OR of 1.07 (CI: 0.93, 1.24) in men and 1.10 (CI: 0.97, 1.26) in women), but not for the other outcomes. CONCLUSION In an adult urban Scandinavian population, road traffic noise was positively associated with obesity markers among highly noise sensitive women. The associations appeared stronger among men with bedroom facing a street, representing a population with more accurately assigned exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Oftedal
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway.
| | - Norun Hjertager Krog
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrei Pyko
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotta Eriksson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden; Center for occupational and environmental medicine, Stockholm county council, stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sidsel Graff-Iversen
- Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Margaretha Haugen
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - PerE Schwarze
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 13, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunn Marit Aasvang
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, NO-0403 Oslo, Norway
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Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the impact of noise on heart rate variability (HRV) in men, with a focus on the noise type rather than on noise intensity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty college-going male volunteers were enrolled in this study and were randomly divided into four groups according to the type of noise they were exposed to: background, traffic, speech, or mixed (traffic and speech) noise. All groups except the background group (35 dB) were exposed to 45 dB sound pressure levels. We collected data on age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, and disease status from responses to self-reported questionnaires and medical examinations. We also measured HRV parameters and blood pressure levels before and after exposure to noise. The HRV parameters were evaluated while patients remained seated for 5 minutes, and frequency and time domain analyses were then performed. RESULTS After noise exposure, only the speech noise group showed a reduced low frequency (LF) value, reflecting the activity of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The low-to-high frequency (LF/HF) ratio, which reflected the activity of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), became more stable, decreasing from 5.21 to 1.37; however, this change was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION These results indicate that 45 dB(A) of noise, 10 dB(A) higher than background noise, affects the ANS. Additionally, the impact on HRV activity might differ according to the noise quality. Further studies will be required to ascertain the role of noise type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun Sim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Sung
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Sang Hyeon Cheon
- Department of Urology, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jang Myung Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ulsan College of Engineering, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Jae Won Lee
- Indoor Environment & Noise Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon, Korea
| | - Jiho Lee
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Korea.
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Chuang KJ, Chuang HC, Lin LY. Indoor air pollution, nighttime heart rate variability and coffee consumption among convenient store workers. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63320. [PMID: 24312680 PMCID: PMC3744567 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between ambient air pollution and heart rate variability (HRV) has been well-documented. Little is known about the association of HRV at night with indoor air pollution and coffee consumption. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of HRV indices with indoor air pollution, working time and coffee consumption. METHODS We recruited 60 young healthy convenient store workers to monitor indoor PM2.5 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 µm) exposures, coffee consumption (yes vs. no) and HRV indices during daytime (0700-1500 hours) and nighttime (2300-0700 hours). We used linear mixed effects models to assess the associations of HRV indices with indoor PM2.5 exposures and coffee consumption. RESULTS We observed the inverse association between indoor PM2.5 exposures and HRV indices, with a decrease in all HRV indices with increased indoor PM2.5 exposures. However, the decrease was most pronounced during nighttime, where a 1 interquartile range (IQR) increase in indoor PM2.5 at 4-hr time-weighted moving average was associated with a change of -4.78% 5-min standard deviation (SD) of normal-to-normal intervals for 5-min segment (SDNN) and -3.23% 5-min square root of the mean squared differences of successive intervals for 5-min segment (r-MSSD). Effects of indoor PM2.5 were lowest for participants with coffee consumption during daytime. CONCLUSIONS Indoor PM2.5 exposures were associated with decreased 5-min SDNN and 5-min r-MSSD, especially during nighttime. The effect of indoor PM2.5 on HRV indices may be modified by coffee consumption in young healthy convenient store workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Jen Chuang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Hsiao-Chi Chuang
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lian-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Smith MG, Croy I, Ogren M, Persson Waye K. On the influence of freight trains on humans: a laboratory investigation of the impact of nocturnal low frequency vibration and noise on sleep and heart rate. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55829. [PMID: 23409055 PMCID: PMC3567002 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A substantial increase in transportation of goods on railway may be hindered by public fear of increased vibration and noise leading to annoyance and sleep disturbance. As the majority of freight trains run during night time, the impact upon sleep is expected to be the most serious adverse effect. The impact of nocturnal vibration on sleep is an area currently lacking in knowledge. We experimentally investigated sleep disturbance with the aim to ascertain the impact of increasing vibration amplitude. Methodology/Principal Findings The impacts of various amplitudes of horizontal vibrations on sleep disturbance and heart rate were investigated in a laboratory study. Cardiac accelerations were assessed using a combination of polysomnography and ECG recordings. Sleep was assessed subjectively using questionnaires. Twelve young, healthy subjects slept for six nights in the sleep laboratory, with one habituation night, one control night and four nights with a variation of vibration exposures whilst maintaining the same noise exposure. With increasing vibration amplitude, we found a decrease in latency and increase in amplitude of heart rate as well as a reduction in sleep quality and increase in sleep disturbance. Conclusions/Significance We concluded that nocturnal vibration has a negative impact on sleep and that the impact increases with greater vibration amplitude. Sleep disturbance has short- and long-term health consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to define levels that protect residents against sleep disruptive vibrations that may arise from night time railway freight traffic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Smith
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Abstract
Sleepiness is a widespread phenomenon in the busy industrial countries, and many studies have identified its significant negative impacts on individuals and society. Particularly important are the data that associate sleepiness with the risk of accidents at workplace and in transport, pointing to shift workers as the most vulnerable population. It is generally accepted that two basic physiological processes regulate sleepiness: homeostatic and circadian rhythmic processes. Recent research has proposed the third component regulating sleepiness, that is, the wake drive or the arousal system. The role of the arousal system in regulating sleepiness has partly been addressed by the studies of the pathophysiology of insomnia, which is often described as a disorder of hyperarousal. Experimental and correlational studies on the relation between sleepiness and arousal in good sleepers have generally indicated that both physiological and cognitive arousal are related to the standard measures of sleepiness. Taking into account the role of the arousal system in regulating sleepiness widens the possibilities for the management of sleep disorders and could also help in solving the problem of excessive sleepiness at work and the wheel.
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Brink M, Omlin S, Müller C, Pieren R, Basner M. An event-related analysis of awakening reactions due to nocturnal church bell noise. Sci Total Environ 2011; 409:5210-5220. [PMID: 21978615 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 09/04/2011] [Accepted: 09/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The sleep disturbing effects of nocturnal ambient non-traffic related noises such as bell strokes emitted from church bell towers on nearby residents are presently unknown. Nonetheless, this specific noise source is suspected to cause sleep disturbances in a small but qualified minority of people living in the vicinity of the bell towers that throughout the night indicate the time with bell ringings. A field study was carried out to elucidate whether acoustic properties of such bell strokes relate to awakening and to provide event-related exposure-effect functions between acoustical predictors and awakening probability. Awakening reactions were determined in 27 voluntary subjects, measured in their home setting for four consecutive nights with ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) and concurrent acoustic recordings in- and outside the dwelling. Results indicate that the bell ringing events increase awakenings in a similar fashion as has previously been reported with transportation noise events and that awakening probability first and foremost depends on maximum sound pressure level of an event. The number of bell strokes and the personal variables gender, age, and noise sensitivity did not influence awakening probability significantly. Awakening probability by tendency increased with elapsed time after sleep onset, and was decreased during slow wave sleep and REM sleep compared to S2 sleep. The results suggest that a reduction of the maximum sound pressure level or an interruption of ringings during nighttime might reduce awakenings. The determined exposure-effect relationships are compared with similar functions for impulsive noise and transportation noise, more specifically, aircraft noise. The paper concludes with a few considerations regarding nighttime noise regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Brink
- ETH Zurich, D-MTEC Public and Organizational Health, WEP H17, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
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Tassi P, Rohmer O, Schimchowitsch S, Eschenlauer A, Bonnefond A, Margiocchi F, Poisson F, Muzet A. Living alongside railway tracks: Long-term effects of nocturnal noise on sleep and cardiovascular reactivity as a function of age. Environ Int 2010; 36:683-689. [PMID: 20569986 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2010] [Revised: 04/13/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Very few studies were devoted to permanent effects of nocturnal railway noise on sleep and cardiovascular reactivity. We investigated the effects of nocturnal railway noise on sleep and cardiovascular response in young and middle-aged adults living for many years either near a railway track or in a quiet area. Forty subjects (50% males) divided into two age groups (juniors: 26.2+/-3.6 and seniors: 56.2+/-4.2) participated in this experiment. Half of them lived near a railway track (RW group: 2.6 to 19 years) and the other half in a quiet environment (QE group: 8.1 to 14.2 years). After an adaptation night, all subjects underwent two nights in the laboratory: one control night and one noisy night (30 by-passes of a freight train). Sleep and cardiovascular modifications were assessed in response to noise. Sleep fragmentation indices were lower in RW subjects compared to QE whatever their age. In response to noise, there was a higher cardiovascular response rate to noise in RW juniors and a lower cardiovascular response rate in RW seniors compared to their age-paired QE counterparts. In conclusion, permanent exposure to nocturnal railway noise leads to decreased sleep fragmentation and to cardiovascular habituation. It is suggested that during the initial period experienced by residents living near railway tracks, nocturnal railway noise could induce a sensitization process on the autonomic response to noise reflecting a startle/defense reflex due to its functional significance, which progressively turns to habituation in the long-term if no adverse effect is experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Tassi
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Cognitions, Université de Strasbourg, France.
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15
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Abstract
Adolescents' sleep and next day effort was studied in 18 female competitive adolescent athletes. A subjective assessment of the previous night's sleep, their perception of the difficulty of the choices offered and the difficulty of tasks selected was completed before routine lessons. Sleep amount was related to the perception of the difficulty of the task, while awakenings were related to an avoidance of the least preferred maneuvers. Individuals who experienced the greatest number of awakenings and most time awake at night were more likely to select the least difficult of these tasks. Sleep disturbance in adolescence may magnify the challenges they experience and cause them to underestimate their ability to meet those challenges.
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Lee GS, Chen ML, Wang GY. Evoked response of heart rate variability using short-duration white noise. Auton Neurosci 2010; 155:94-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2009.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2009] [Revised: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Brink M, Basner M, Schierz C, Spreng M, Scheuch K, Bauer G, Stahel W. Determining physiological reaction probabilities to noise events during sleep. Somnologie 2009; 13:236-43. [DOI: 10.1007/s11818-009-0437-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tassi P, Saremi M, Schimchowitsch S, Eschenlauer A, Rohmer O, Muzet A. Cardiovascular responses to railway noise during sleep in young and middle-aged adults. Eur J Appl Physiol 2010; 108:671-80. [PMID: 19902241 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-009-1270-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nocturnal railway noise on cardiovascular reactivity in young (25.8 +/- 2.6 years) and middle-aged (52.2 +/- 2.5 years) adults during sleep. Thirty-eight subjects slept three nights in the laboratory at 1-week interval. They were exposed to 48 randomized pass-bys of Freight, Passenger and Automotive trains either at an 8-h equivalent sound level of 40 dBA (Moderate) and 50 dBA (High) or at a silent Control night. Heart rate response (HRR), heart response amplitude (HRA), heart response latency (HRL) and finger pulse response (FPR), finger pulse amplitude (FPA) and finger pulse latency (FPL) were recorded to measure cardiovascular reactivity after each noise onset and for time-matched pseudo-noises in the control condition. Results show that Freight trains produced the highest cardiac response (increased HRR, HRA and HRL) compared to Passenger and Automotive. But the vascular response was similar whatever the type of train. Juniors exhibited an increased HRR and HRA as compared to seniors, but there was no age difference on vasoconstriction, except a shorter FPL in seniors. Noise level produced dose-dependent effects on all the cardiovascular indices. Sleep stage at noise occurrence was ineffective for cardiac response, but FPA was reduced when noise occurred during REM sleep. In conclusion, our study is in favor of an important impact of nocturnal railway noise on the cardiovascular system of sleeping subjects. In the limit of the samples studied, Freight trains are the most harmful, probably more because of their special length (duration) than because of their speed (rise time).
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Lenné MG, Dwyer F, Triggs TJ, Rajaratnam S, Redman JR. The Effects of a Nap Opportunity in Quiet and Noisy Environments on Driving Performance. Chronobiol Int 2009; 21:991-1001. [PMID: 15646244 DOI: 10.1081/cbi-200035956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
While napping has previously been shown to alleviate the effects of sleep loss, before advocating the use of naps in transport accident campaigns it is necessary to consider whether a nap opportunity in a noisy uncomfortable environment can produce the same benefits as a nap opportunity in conditions that are conducive to sleep. To examine this, eight participants drove a driving simulator for 50 min at 11:00h on three different test days. The simulator used has previously been found to be sensitive to the effects of sleep loss, alcohol consumption, and time of day. All three sessions were conducted after one night of sleep loss. Prior to driving during each session the participants either had a 60 min nap opportunity in a quiet or noisy environment, or no nap opportunity. Driving performance and reaction time while driving were measured, as were subjective sleepiness and ratings of sleep quality. No significant benefits of nap opportunities on driving performance were found. Levels of subjective sleepiness were not affected by the nap opportunity condition; however, sleep was rated as more refreshing and restful after a nap in a quiet environment compared to noisy environment. The measures of effect size reported suggest further research is required to unequivocally test the effects of nap opportunities on driving ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Lenné
- Accident Research Center, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
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Graham JM, Janssen SA, Vos H, Miedema HM. Habitual traffic noise at home reduces cardiac parasympathetic tone during sleep. Int J Psychophysiol 2009; 72:179-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2008] [Revised: 12/03/2008] [Accepted: 12/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Saremi M, Grenèche J, Bonnefond A, Rohmer O, Eschenlauer A, Tassi P. Effects of nocturnal railway noise on sleep fragmentation in young and middle-aged subjects as a function of type of train and sound level. Int J Psychophysiol 2008; 70:184-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2008] [Revised: 06/20/2008] [Accepted: 08/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Brink M, Lercher P, Eisenmann A, Schierz C. Influence of slope of rise and event order of aircraft noise events on high resolution actimetry parameters. Somnologie 2008; 12:118-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s11818-008-0345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Abstract
Unlike other physical ambient factors (i.e. electromagnetic fields or air pollutants), noise is perceived by a specific system (auditory system) in humans. It is therefore a phenomenon that is sensed and evaluated by everybody, and this is why exposure to noise is one of the most, if not the most, frequent complaints of populations living in large cities. In these areas and their surroundings, the sources of noise most frequently cited are traffic, followed by neighbourhood noises and aircraft noises. Sleep is a physiological state that needs its integrity to allow the living organism to recuperate normally. It seems to be sensitive to environmental factors that can interrupt it or reduce its amount. Ambient noise, for example, is external stimuli that are still processed by the sleeper sensory functions, despite a non-conscious perception of their presence. Over the past 30 years, research into environmental noise and sleep has focused on different situations and environments, and therefore the findings are variable. However, it still seems necessary for some fundamental questions to be answered on whether environmental noise has long-term detrimental effects on health and quality of life and, if so, what these effects are for night-time, noise-exposed populations.
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Sforza E, Chapotot F, Lavoie S, Roche F, Pigeau R, Buguet A. Heart rate activation during spontaneous arousals from sleep: effect of sleep deprivation. Clin Neurophysiol 2004; 115:2442-51. [PMID: 15465431 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2004.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arousal (AR) from sleep is associated with an autonomic reflex activation raising blood pressure and heart rate (HR). Recent studies indicate that sleep deprivation may affect the autonomic system, contributing to high vascular risk. Since in sleep disorders a sleep fragmentation and a partial sleep deprivation occurs, it could be suggested that the cardiovascular effects observed at AR from sleep might be physiologically affected when associated with sleep deprivation. The aim of the study was to examine the effect of sleep deprivation on cardiac arousal response in healthy subjects. METHODS Seven healthy male subjects participated in a 64 h sleep deprivation protocol. Arousals were classified into four groups, i.e. >3<6 s, >6<10 s, >10<15 s and >15 s, according to their duration. Pre-AR HR values were measured during 10 beats preceding the AR onset, and the event-related HR fluctuations were calculated during the 20 beats following AR onset. As an index of cardiac activation, the ratio of highest HR in the post-AR period over the lowest recorded before AR (HR ratio) was calculated. RESULTS For AR lasting less than 10 s, the occurrence of AR induces typical HR oscillations in a bimodal pattern, tachycardia followed by bradycardia. For AR lasting more than 10 s, i.e. awakenings, the pattern was unimodal with a more marked and sustained HR rise. The HR response was consistently similar across nights, during NREM and REM sleep, without difference between conditions. CONCLUSIONS Overall, total sleep deprivation appeared to have no substantial effect on cardiac response to spontaneous arousals and awakenings from sleep in healthy subjects. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of chronic sleep deprivation on cardiovascular risk in patients with sleep disorders. SIGNIFICANCE In healthy subjects acute prolonged sleep deprivation does not affect the cardiac response to arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Sforza
- Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Laboratoire de Sommeil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, 2 Chemin du Petit Bel Air, 1225 Chêne Bourg, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND To identify the effect of certain factors on insomnia in the general population. METHODS A self-reported questionnaire survey was conducted among 648 Japanese women living in the residential area of a city. Age of participants ranged from 20 to 80 s. RESULTS The crude prevalence of insomnia was 8.8%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with control for many confounding variables revealed that experiencing a major life event (OR=4.4, 95% CI=1.7-11.4, P<0.01), depressive state (OR=1.2, 95% CI=1.1-1.3, P<0.01), and 'relatively poor or poor' self-rated health (OR=3.2, 95% CI=1.0-10.1, P<0.05) were risk factors for insomnia. By contrast, there was no dose-response relationship between the distance of our subjects from a major road and prevalence of insomnia. CONCLUSIONS The authors assume that depressive state by a major life event is closely associated with insomnia and that relatively poor self-rated health is also associated with stressful event and psychological distress. Although the noise from vehicles such as cars or motorcycles can affect the quality of sleep for subjects who live near a major road, in general the prevalence of insomnia did not increase significantly in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Kawada
- Department of Public Health, Gunma University School of Medicine, Showa 3, Maebashi 371-8511, Japan.
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