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Moral J, Morgan D, Trapero A, Michailides TJ. Ecology and Epidemiology of Diseases of Nut Crops and Olives Caused by Botryosphaeriaceae Fungi in California and Spain. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:1809-1827. [PMID: 31232653 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-19-0622-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, the cultivated area and production of nuts and olives have increased, driven by an increasing consumer interest in healthier food. Diseases of almond, pistachio, olive, and walnut crops caused by species belonging to the Botryosphaeriaceae family have caused concern worldwide. Although considerable progress has been made in elucidating the etiology of these diseases, scientific knowledge of other aspects of these diseases is more limited. In this article, we present an overview of the most important diseases caused by Botryosphaeriaceae fungi affecting almond, pistachio, olive, and walnut crops by focusing on ecology and epidemiology, primarily in California and Spain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Moral
- 1Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, U.S.A
- 2Departamento de Agronomía, ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. C4, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - David Morgan
- 1Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, U.S.A
| | - Antonio Trapero
- 2Departamento de Agronomía, ETSIAM, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edif. C4, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Themis J Michailides
- 1Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA 93648, U.S.A
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Chattaoui M, Raya MC, Bouri M, Moral J, Perez-Rodriguez M, Trapero A, Msallem M, Rhouma A. Characterization of a Colletotrichum population causing anthracnose disease on Olive in northern Tunisia. J Appl Microbiol 2016; 120:1368-81. [PMID: 26876102 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To phenotypically, physiologically and molecularly characterize the causal agent of olive anthracnose in the northern Tunisia and to study its genetic variability and pathogenicity. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 43 isolates were obtained from symptomatic olives collected from four regions in northern Tunisia. A range of morphological and physiological characteristics was recorded; and a phylogenetic study, based on the sequence analysis of both internal transcribed spacers and TUB2 gene regions, was performed. Of the 43 isolates, 41 were identified as Colletotrichum acutatum s.s, and only two were affiliated to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides s.s. Two more representative Spanish isolates, included for comparison, were identified as Colletotrichum godetiae. Using six inter-simple-sequence-repeat markers, homogeneity between isolates from different locations and within the same species was recorded. In pathogenicity and virulence studies, C. gloeosporioides s.s was found to be less virulent, while the Spanish C. godetiae isolate was significantly more virulent than the Tunisian C. acutatum s.s. CONCLUSIONS Olive anthracnose in the North of Tunisia is mainly caused by C. acutatum s.s species. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first study of olive anthracnose in Tunisia, which combines both phenotypic and molecular approaches. Colletotrichum acutatum s.s group was recorded for the first time in the country as the causal agent of olive anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chattaoui
- Labaratory of Improvement and protection of olive genetic resources, Olive Tree Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - M C Raya
- Departamento de Agronomía (Patologia Agroforestal), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Bouri
- Labaratory of Improvement and protection of olive genetic resources, Olive Tree Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - J Moral
- Departamento de Agronomía (Patologia Agroforestal), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Perez-Rodriguez
- Departamento de Agronomía (Patologia Agroforestal), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - A Trapero
- Departamento de Agronomía (Patologia Agroforestal), Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M Msallem
- Labaratory of Improvement and protection of olive genetic resources, Olive Tree Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - A Rhouma
- Labaratory of Improvement and protection of olive genetic resources, Olive Tree Institute, Tunis, Tunisia
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Bruez E, Vallance J, Gerbore J, Lecomte P, Da Costa JP, Guerin-Dubrana L, Rey P. Analyses of the temporal dynamics of fungal communities colonizing the healthy wood tissues of esca leaf-symptomatic and asymptomatic vines. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95928. [PMID: 24788412 PMCID: PMC4006835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Esca, a Grapevine Trunk Disease (GTD), is of major concern for viticulture worldwide. Our study compares the fungal communities that inhabit the wood tissues of vines that expressed or not foliar esca-symptoms. The trunk and rootstock tissues were apparently healthy, whether the 10 year-old plants were symptomatic or not. The only difference was in the cordon, which contained white rot, a typical form of esca, in 79% of symptomatic plants. Observations over a period of one year using a fingerprint method, Single Strand Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP), and the ITS-DNA sequencing of cultivable fungi, showed that shifts occurred in the fungal communities colonizing the healthy wood tissues. However, whatever the sampling time, spring, summer, autumn or winter, the fungi colonizing the healthy tissues of asymptomatic or symptomatic plants were not significantly different. Forty-eight genera were isolated, with species of Hypocreaceae and Botryosphaeriaceae being the most abundant species. Diverse fungal assemblages, made up of potentially plant-pathogenic and -protective fungi, colonized these non-necrotic tissues. Some fungi, possibly involved in GTD, inhabited the non-necrotic wood of young plants, but no increase in necrosis areas was observed over the one-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Bruez
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 SAVE, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Jessica Vallance
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 SAVE, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Jonathan Gerbore
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 SAVE, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- BIOVITIS, Saint Etienne de Chomeil, France
| | - Pascal Lecomte
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 SAVE, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | - Lucia Guerin-Dubrana
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 SAVE, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Patrice Rey
- Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, UMR1065 Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble (SAVE), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- INRA, ISVV, UMR1065 SAVE, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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