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Olofintila OE, Lawrence KS, Noel ZA. Characterizing the Diversity of Oomycetes Associated with Diseased Cotton Seedlings in Alabama. PLANT DISEASE 2024; 108:1363-1373. [PMID: 38105453 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-23-1159-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Many oomycete species are associated with the seedlings of crops, including upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), which leads to annual threats. The diversity of oomycete species in Alabama needs to be better understood since the last survey of oomycetes associated with cotton in Alabama was 20 years ago-before significant updates to taxonomy and improvements in identification of oomycetes using molecular tools. Our current study aimed to identify oomycetes associated with Alabama cotton seedlings, correlate diversity with soil edaphic factors, and assess virulence toward cotton seed. Thirty symptomatic cotton seedlings were collected independently from 25 fields in 2021 and 2022 2 to 4 weeks after planting. Oomycetes were isolated by plating root sections onto a semiselective medium. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was sequenced to identify the resulting isolates. A seed virulence assay was conducted in vitro to verify pathogenicity, and 347 oomycete isolates were obtained representing 36 species. Northern Alabama soils had the richest oomycete communities and a greater silt and clay concentration than sandier soils in the central and southern coastal plains. Globisporangium irregulare and Phytophthora nicotianae were consistently recovered from cotton roots in both years. Globisporangium irregulare was pathogenic and recovered from all Alabama regions, whereas P. nicotianae was pathogenic but recovered primarily in areas with lower sand content in northern Alabama. Many oomycete species have not been previously reported in Alabama or the southeastern United States. Altogether, this knowledge will help facilitate effective management strategies for cotton seedling diseases caused by oomycetes in Alabama and the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathy S Lawrence
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
| | - Zachary A Noel
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849
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Matthiesen RL, Robertson AE. Effect of Infection Timing by Four Pythium spp. on Soybean Damping-Off Symptoms with and Without Cold Stress. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:3975-3983. [PMID: 37415355 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-23-0082-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Pythium spp. cause damping-off of soybean, especially when soil conditions at or shortly after planting are cool and wet. Soybean planting dates continue to shift to earlier dates, so germinating seed and seedlings are exposed to periods of cold stress at a time which favors infection by Pythium, and seedling disease occurs. The objective of this study was to assess infection timing and cold stress on soybean seedling disease severity caused by four Pythium spp. prevalent in Iowa, namely P. lutarium, P. oopapillum, P. sylvaticum, and P. torulosum. Each species was used individually to inoculate soybean cultivar 'Sloan' using a rolled towel assay. Two temperature treatments (continuous 18°C [C18]; a 48-h cold stress period at 10°C [CS]) were applied. Soybean seedling age was divided into five growth stages (GS1 to GS5). Root rot severity and root length were assessed at 2, 4, 7, and 10 days after inoculation (DAI). At C18, root rot was greatest when soybean was inoculated with P. lutarium or P. sylvaticum at GS1 (seed imbibes water) and with P. oopapillum or P. torulosum at GS1, GS2 (radicle elongation), and GS3 (hypocotyl emergence). After CS, soybean susceptibility to P. lutarium and P. sylvaticum was reduced compared to C18 for inoculation at all GSs except GS5 (unifoliate leaf emergence). Conversely, root rot by P. oopapillum and P. torulosum was greater after CS compared to C18. Data from this study demonstrate that greater root rot, and consequently more damping-off, is likely if infection occurs at early germination stages before seedling emergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashelle L Matthiesen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
| | - Alison E Robertson
- Department of Plant Pathology, Entomology, and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
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Shimma S, Saito H, Inoue T, Iwahashi F. Using Mass Spectrometry Imaging to Visualize Pesticide Accumulation and Time-Dependent Distribution in Fungicide-Coated Seeds. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2023; 12:A0132. [PMID: 37841700 PMCID: PMC10571091 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pesticide seed treatment provides efficient crop protection in the early season and enables a reduction in the quantity of fungicides used later. Hence, it has been a practical application for crop protection in major crop sectors such as corn, soybean, wheat, and cotton. The chemicals on pesticide-treated seeds may show different distributions depending on the structure of the seeds and the physical properties of the chemicals, but they have not been well studied because of a lack of versatile analytical tools. Here, we used mass spectrometry imaging to visualize the distribution of a fungicide (ethaboxam) in corn and soybean seeds coated with it. Contrasting distribution patterns were noted, which are likely dependent on the seed structure. We also obtained information on fungicide distribution after the seedings, which will contribute to a better understanding of the fungicide delivery pathway within plants. Using this new analytical method, we were able to obtain hitherto unavailable time-dependent, dynamic information on the ethaboxam. We expect that this method will be a useful tool with widespread applications in pesticide development and use. Copyright © 2023 Shuichi Shimma, Hiromi Saito, Takuya Inoue, and Fukumatsu Iwahashi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 4.0 International License, which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Shimma
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
- Osaka University Shimadzu Analytical Innovation Laboratory, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
- Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, 2–1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Hiromi Saito
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565–0871, Japan
| | - Takuya Inoue
- Health & Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Company, Ltd., 4–2–1 Takarazuka, Hyogo 665–8555, Japan
| | - Fukumatsu Iwahashi
- Health & Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Company, Ltd., 4–2–1 Takarazuka, Hyogo 665–8555, Japan
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Wang Z, Lv X, Wang R, He Z, Feng W, Liu W, Yang C, Wang Z, Ke Q, Tao K, Chen Q. Use of oxathiapiprolin for controlling soybean root rot caused by Phytophthora sojae: efficacy and mechanism of action. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:381-390. [PMID: 36168957 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxathiapiprolin is a new isoxazoline fungicide developed by DuPont to control oomycete diseases. Although oxathiapiprolin has shown strong inhibitory activity against oomycete pathogens, little is known about its ability to control Phytophthora sojae. RESULTS Oxathiapiprolin showed high inhibitory activity against Phytophthora sojae, with 50% effective concentration (EC50 ) values ranging from 1.15 × 10-4 to 4.43 × 10-3 μg mL-1 . Oxathiapiprolin inhibited various stages of Phytophthora sojae development, including mycelial growth, sporangium formation, oospore production, and zoospore release. Electron microscopy studies revealed that oxathiapiprolin caused severe morphological and ultrastructural damage to Phytophthora sojae. Oxathiapiprolin affected the cell membrane and wall of Phytophthora sojae, making it more sensitive to osmotic and cell wall stress. Oxathiapiprolin exhibited translocation activity; it was absorbed by soybean roots and then translocated to the leaves. It was effective at reducing soybean Phytophthora root rot under glasshouse and field conditions. Both fungicide seed treatment and foliar spray significantly reduced disease incidence and yield losses compared with untreated controls in the field. CONCLUSION Oxathiapiprolin exhibits high inhibitory activity against Phytophthora sojae, and has multiple mechanisms of action including severe mycelial damage and modulation of osmotic and cell wall stress. These results indicate that oxathiapiprolin can be used at low concentrations for highly effective management of soybean Phytophthora root rot caused by Phytophthora sojae. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology, and Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongbo Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology, and Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zibin He
- Crop Division, Zhangzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Wanzhen Feng
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology, and Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chenxiao Yang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhengyang Wang
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Qihan Ke
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Kezhu Tao
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Qinghe Chen
- Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, College of Plant Protection, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Çetinkaya N, Pazarlar S, Paylan İC. Ozone treatment inactivates common bacteria and fungi associated with selected crop seeds and ornamental bulbs. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:103480. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.103480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Pimentel MF, Arnao E, Warner AJ, Rocha LF, Subedi A, Elsharif N, Chilvers MI, Matthiesen R, Robertson AE, Bradley CA, Neves DL, Pedersen DK, Reuter-Carlson U, Lacey JV, Bond JP, Fakhoury AM. Reduction of Pythium Damping-Off in Soybean by Biocontrol Seed Treatment. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2403-2414. [PMID: 35171634 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-21-1313-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pythium spp. is one of the major groups of pathogens that cause seedling diseases on soybean, leading to both preemergence and postemergence damping-off and root rot. More than 100 species have been identified within this genus, with Pythium irregulare, P. sylvaticum, P. ultimum var ultimum, and P. torulosum being particularly important for soybean production given their aggressiveness, prevalence, and abundance in production fields. This study investigated the antagonistic activity of potential biological control agents (BCAs) native to the U.S. Midwest against Pythium spp. First, in vitro screening identified BCAs that inhibit P. ultimum var. ultimum growth. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated evidence of mycoparasitism of all potential biocontrol isolates against P. ultimum var. ultimum and P. torulosum, with the formation of appressorium-like structures, short hyphal branches around host hyphae, hook-shaped structures, coiling, and parallel growth of the mycoparasite along the host hyphae. Based on these promising results, selected BCAs were tested under field conditions against six different Pythium spp. Trichoderma afroharzianum 26 used alone and a mix of T. hamatum 16 + T. afroharzianum 19 used as seed treatments protected soybean seedlings from Pythium spp. infection, as BCA-treated plots had on average 15 to 20% greater plant stand and vigor than control plots. Our results also indicate that some of these potential BCAs could be added with a fungicide seed treatment with minimum inhibition occurring, depending on the fungicide active ingredient. This research highlights the need to develop tools incorporating biological control as a facet of soybean seedling disease management programs. The harnessing of native BCAs could be integrated with other management strategies to provide efficient control of seedling diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian F Pimentel
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901
| | - Erika Arnao
- College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | | | - Leonardo F Rocha
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901
| | - Arjun Subedi
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901
| | - Nariman Elsharif
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901
| | - Martin I Chilvers
- Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824
| | - Rashelle Matthiesen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, IA 50010
| | - Alison E Robertson
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, IA 50010
| | - Carl A Bradley
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Princeton, KY 42445
| | - Danilo L Neves
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Princeton, KY 42445
| | - Dianne K Pedersen
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801
| | | | - Jonathan V Lacey
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Kentucky, Princeton, KY 42445
| | - Jason P Bond
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901
| | - Ahmad M Fakhoury
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901
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Vargas A, Paul PA, Winger J, Balk CS, Eyre M, Clevinger B, Noggle S, Dorrance AE. Oxathiapiprolin Alone or Mixed with Metalaxyl Seed Treatment for Management of Soybean Seedling Diseases Caused by Species of Phytophthora, Phytopythium, and Pythium. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2127-2137. [PMID: 35133185 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-09-21-1952-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Species of Phytophthora, Phytopythium, and Pythium affect soybean seed and seedlings each year, primarily through reduced plant populations and yield. Oxathiapiprolin is effective at managing several foliar diseases caused by some oomycetes. The objectives of these studies were to evaluate oxathiapiprolin in a discriminatory dose assay in vitro; evaluate oxathiapiprolin as a soybean seed treatment on a moderately susceptible cultivar in 10 environments; compare the impact of seed treatment on plant populations and yields in environments with low and high precipitation; and compare a seed treatment mixture on cultivars with different levels of resistance in four environments. There was no reduction in growth in vitro among 13 species of Pythium at 0.1 µg ml-1. Soybean seed treated with the base fungicide plus oxathiapiprolin (12 and 24 µg a.i. seed-1) alone, oxathiapiprolin (12 µg a.i. seed-1) plus mefenoxam (6 µg a.i. seed-1), or oxathiapiprolin (24 µg a.i. seed-1) plus ethaboxam (12.1 µg a.i. seed-1) had greater yields in environments that received ≥50 mm of precipitation within 14 days after planting compared with those that received less. Early plant population and yield were significantly higher for seed treated with oxathiapiprolin (24 µg a.i. seed-1) + metalaxyl (13.2 µg a.i. seed-1) compared with nontreated for six of seven cultivars in at least one of four environments. Oxathiapiprolin combined with another Oomycota fungicide applied to seed has the potential to be used to protect soybean plant establishment and yield in regions prone to poor drainage after high levels of precipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amilcar Vargas
- Former Graduate Research Associates, Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
| | - Pierce A Paul
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
| | - Jonell Winger
- Former Graduate Research Associates, Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
| | - Christine Susan Balk
- Former Graduate Research Associates, Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
| | - Meredith Eyre
- Former Graduate Research Associates, Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
| | - Bruce Clevinger
- Department of Extension, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Sarah Noggle
- Department of Extension, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Anne E Dorrance
- Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691
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Ishitani H, Yu Z, Ichitsuka T, Koumura N, Onozawa S, Sato K, Kobayashi S. Two‐Step Continuous‐Flow Synthesis of Fungicide Metalaxyl through Catalytic C−N Bond‐Formation Processes. Adv Synth Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haruro Ishitani
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Social Cooperation Laboratory Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 133-0033 Japan
| | - Zhibo Yu
- Department of Chemistry School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Ichitsuka
- Research Institute of Chemical Process Technology National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Nigatake 4-2-1 Sendai Miyagi 983-8551 Japan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Nagatoshi Koumura
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Shun‐ya Onozawa
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Sato
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
| | - Shū Kobayashi
- Green & Sustainable Chemistry Social Cooperation Laboratory Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 133-0033 Japan
- Department of Chemistry School of Science The University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology Central 5, Higashi 1-1-1 Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-8565 Japan
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Desaint H, Aoun N, Deslandes L, Vailleau F, Roux F, Berthomé R. Fight hard or die trying: when plants face pathogens under heat stress. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:712-734. [PMID: 32981118 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In their natural environment, plants are exposed to biotic or abiotic stresses that occur sequentially or simultaneously. Plant responses to these stresses have been studied widely and have been well characterised in simplified systems involving single plant species facing individual stress. Temperature elevation is a major abiotic driver of climate change and scenarios have predicted an increase in the number and severity of epidemics. In this context, here we review the available data on the effect of heat stress on plant-pathogen interactions. Considering 45 studies performed on model or crop species, we discuss the possible implications of the optimum growth temperature of plant hosts and pathogens, mode of stress application and temperature variation on resistance modulations. Alarmingly, most identified resistances are altered under temperature elevation, regardless of the plant and pathogen species. Therefore, we have listed current knowledge on heat-dependent plant immune mechanisms and pathogen thermosensory processes, mainly studied in animals and human pathogens, that could help to understand the outcome of plant-pathogen interactions under elevated temperatures. Based on a general overview of the mechanisms involved in plant responses to pathogens, and integrating multiple interactions with the biotic environment, we provide recommendations to optimise plant disease resistance under heat stress and to identify thermotolerant resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Desaint
- LIPM, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- SYNGENTA Seeds, Sarrians, 84260, France
| | - Nathalie Aoun
- LIPM, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | | | - Fabrice Roux
- LIPM, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Richard Berthomé
- LIPM, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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