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Dong L, Liu S, Li J, Tharreau D, Liu P, Tao D, Yang Q. A Rapid and Simple Method for DNA Preparation of Magnaporthe oryzae from Single Rice Blast Lesions for PCR-Based Molecular Analysis. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 38:679-684. [PMID: 36503197 PMCID: PMC9742792 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.02.2022.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast is one of the most destructive diseases of rice worldwide, and the causative agent is the filamentous ascomycete Magnaporthe oryzae. With the successful cloning of more and more avirulence genes from M. oryzae, the direct extraction of M. oryzae genomic DNA from infected rice tissue would be useful alternative for rapid monitoring of changes of avirulence genes without isolation and cultivation of the pathogen. In this study, a fast, low-cost and reliable method for DNA preparation of M. oryzae from a small piece of infected single rice leaf or neck lesion was established. This single step method only required 10 min for DNA preparation and conventional chemical reagents commonly found in the laboratory. The AvrPik and AvrPi9 genes were successfully amplified with the prepared DNA. The expected DNA fragments from 570 bp to 1,139 bp could be amplified even three months after DNA preparation. This method was also suitable for DNA preparation from M. oryzae strains stored on the filter paper. All together these results indicate that the DNA preparation method established in this study is reliable, and could meet the basic needs for polymerase chain reaction-based analysis of M. oryzae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Dong
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Shufang Liu
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Jing Li
- Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Didier Tharreau
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR BGPI, TA A 54K, 34398 Montpellier,
France
| | - Pei Liu
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Dayun Tao
- Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
| | - Qinzhong Yang
- Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Agricultural Transboundary Pests of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205,
China
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2
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Macrolides from Streptomyces sp. SN5452 and Their Antifungal Activity against Pyricularia oryzae. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081612. [PMID: 36014030 PMCID: PMC9416504 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyricularia oryzae causes rice blast, the major destructive disease in nearly all rice fields. In order to obtain highly active compounds against P. oryzae, four new 20-membered macrolides named venturicidins G–J (1–4) were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces sp. SN5452 along with two known ones, venturicidins A (5) and B (6). Their structures were determined by the cumulative analyses of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HRESIMS) data. All isolated compounds were evaluated for their antifungal activity against P. oryzae. Interestingly, these compounds exhibited obvious inhibition to mycelial growth and conidial germination of P. oryzae. Remarkably, the EC50 values of venturicidins A (5), B (6), and I (3) against mycelial growth were 0.11, 0.15 and 0.35 µg/mL, and their EC50 values of conidial germination were 0.27, 0.39 and 1.14 µg/mL, respectively. The analysis of structure-activity relationships (SARs) revealed that the methylated positions might be involved in the antifungal activity of venturicidins. These results indicate that the venturicidins are prospective candidates for novel fungicides that can be applied in controlling rice blast.
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Odjo T, Diagne D, Adreit H, Milazzo J, Raveloson H, Andriantsimialona D, Kassankogno AI, Ravel S, Gumedzoé YMD, Ouedraogo I, Koita O, Silué D, Tharreau D. Structure of African Populations of Pyricularia oryzae from Rice. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:1428-1437. [PMID: 33386066 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-05-20-0186-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by the filamentous ascomycete Pyricularia oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. Four genetic clusters were previously identified, and three have a large geographic distribution. Asia is the center of diversity and the origin of most migrations to other continents, and sexual reproduction persisted only in the South China-Laos-North Thailand region, which was identified as the putative center of origin of all P. oryzae populations on rice. Despite the importance of rice blast disease, little is known about the diversity and the population structure of the pathogen in Africa (including Madagascar). The present study was intended to describe the structure of African populations of P. oryzae and identify the relationship between African and worldwide genetic clusters. A set of 2,057 strains (937 African and 1,120 Madagascan strains) were genotyped with 12 simple sequence repeat markers to assess the diversity and the population structure of P. oryzae. Four genetic clusters were identified in Africa and Madagascar. All four clusters previously identified are present in Africa. Populations from West Africa, East Africa, and Madagascar are highly differentiated. The geographic structure is consistent with limited dispersion and with some migration events between neighboring countries. The two mating types are present in Africa with a dominance of Mat1.2, but no female-fertile strain was detected, supporting the absence of sexual reproduction on this continent. This study showed an unsuspected high level of genetic diversity of P. oryzae in Africa and suggested several independent introductions.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théophile Odjo
- Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques de l'Université d'Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP526 Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Diariatou Diagne
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Appliquée, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP E 3206 Bamako, Mali
| | - Henri Adreit
- UMR BGPI, CIRAD, TA A54/K, 34398 Montpellier, France. BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Joëlle Milazzo
- UMR BGPI, CIRAD, TA A54/K, 34398 Montpellier, France. BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Dodelys Andriantsimialona
- Centre Régional de Recherches Fofifa, 110 BP230 Antsirabe, Madagascar
- South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Bioversity, CIRAD, INRA, IRD, 34398 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Sébastien Ravel
- UMR BGPI, CIRAD, TA A54/K, 34398 Montpellier, France. BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Ibrahima Ouedraogo
- Institut de l'Environnement et Recherches Agricoles, BP 910 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso
| | - Ousmane Koita
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire Appliquée, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, BP E 3206 Bamako, Mali
| | | | - Didier Tharreau
- UMR BGPI, CIRAD, TA A54/K, 34398 Montpellier, France. BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
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4
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Chung H, Goh J, Han SS, Roh JH, Kim Y, Heu S, Shim HK, Jeong DG, Kang IJ, Yang JW. Comparative Pathogenicity and Host Ranges of Magnaporthe oryzae and Related Species. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2020; 36:305-313. [PMID: 32788889 PMCID: PMC7403518 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.ft.04.2020.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Host shifting and host expansion of fungal plant pathogens increases the rate of emergence of new pathogens and the incidence of disease in various crops, which threaten global food security. Magnaporthe species cause serious disease in rice, namely rice blast disease, as well as in many alternative hosts, including wheat, barley, and millet. A severe outbreak of wheat blast due to Magnaporthe oryzae occurred recently in Bangladesh, after the fungus was introduced from South America, causing great loss of yield. This outbreak of wheat blast is of growing concern, because it might spread to adjacent wheat-producing areas. Therefore, it is important to understand the host range and population structure of M. oryzae and related species for determining the evolutionary relationships among Magnaporthe species and for managing blast disease in the field. Here, we collected isolates of M. oryzae and related species from various Poaceae species, including crops and weeds surrounding rice fields, in Korea and determined their phylogenetic relationships and host species specificity. Internal transcribed spacer-mediated phylogenetic analysis revealed that M. oryzae and related species are classified into four groups primarily including isolates from rice, crabgrass, millet and tall fescue. Based on pathogenicity assays, M. oryzae and related species can infect different Poaceae hosts and move among hosts, suggesting the potential for host shifting and host expansion in nature. These results provide important information on the diversification of M. oryzae and related species with a broad range of Poaceae as hosts in crop fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjung Chung
- Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16613, Korea
| | - Jaeduk Goh
- Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16613, Korea
| | - Seong-Sook Han
- Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16613, Korea
| | - Jae-Hwan Roh
- Bioenergy Crop Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Muan 58545, Korea
| | - Yangseon Kim
- Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup 56212, Korea
| | - Sunggi Heu
- Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16613, Korea
| | - Hyeong-Kwon Shim
- Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16613, Korea
| | - Da Gyeong Jeong
- Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16613, Korea
| | - In Jeong Kang
- Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16613, Korea
| | - Jung-Wook Yang
- Crop Cultivation and Environment Research Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16613, Korea
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Korinsak S, Tangphatsornruang S, Pootakham W, Wanchana S, Plabpla A, Jantasuriyarat C, Patarapuwadol S, Vanavichit A, Toojinda T. Genome-wide association mapping of virulence gene in rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae using a genotyping by sequencing approach. Genomics 2018; 111:661-668. [PMID: 29775784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Magnaporthe oryzae is a fungal pathogen causing blast disease in many plant species. In this study, seventy three isolates of M. oryzae collected from rice (Oryza sativa) in 1996-2014 were genotyped using a genotyping-by-sequencing approach to detect genetic variation. An association study was performed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with virulence genes using 831 selected SNP and infection phenotypes on local and improved rice varieties. Population structure analysis revealed eight subpopulations. The division into eight groups was not related to the degree of virulence. Association mapping showed five SNPs associated with fungal virulence on chromosome 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7. The SNP on chromosome 1 was associated with virulence against RD6-Pi7 and IRBL7-M which might be linked to the previously reported AvrPi7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siripar Korinsak
- Plant Breeding Program, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kesetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Sithichoke Tangphatsornruang
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Pahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, PathumThani 12120, Thailand
| | - Wirulda Pootakham
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Pahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, PathumThani 12120, Thailand
| | - Samart Wanchana
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Pahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, PathumThani 12120, Thailand
| | - Anucha Plabpla
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | | | - Sujin Patarapuwadol
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Apichart Vanavichit
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand; Rice Science Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Theerayut Toojinda
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Pahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, PathumThani 12120, Thailand.
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6
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Zhong Z, Chen M, Lin L, Han Y, Bao J, Tang W, Lin L, Lin Y, Somai R, Lu L, Zhang W, Chen J, Hong Y, Chen X, Wang B, Shen WC, Lu G, Norvienyeku J, Ebbole DJ, Wang Z. Population genomic analysis of the rice blast fungus reveals specific events associated with expansion of three main clades. ISME JOURNAL 2018; 12:1867-1878. [PMID: 29568114 PMCID: PMC6051997 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-018-0100-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
We examined the genomes of 100 isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae (Pyricularia oryzae), the causal agent of rice blast disease. We grouped current field populations of M. oryzae into three major globally distributed groups. A genetically diverse group, clade 1, which may represent a group of closely related lineages, contains isolates of both mating types. Two well-separated clades, clades 2 and 3, appear to have arisen as clonal lineages distinct from the genetically diverse clade. Examination of genes involved in mating pathways identified clade-specific diversification of several genes with orthologs involved in mating behavior in other fungi. All isolates within each clonal lineage are of the same mating type. Clade 2 is distinguished by a unique deletion allele of a gene encoding a small cysteine-rich protein that we determined to be a virulence factor. Clade 3 isolates have a small deletion within the MFA2 pheromone precursor gene, and this allele is shared with an unusual group of isolates we placed within clade 1 that contain AVR1-CO39 alleles. These markers could be used for rapid screening of isolates and suggest specific events in evolution that shaped these populations. Our findings are consistent with the view that M. oryzae populations in Asia generate diversity through recombination and may have served as the source of the clades 2 and 3 isolates that comprise a large fraction of the global population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Meilian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lianyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yijuan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jiandong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lili Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yahong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Rewish Somai
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yonghe Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Baohua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wei-Chiang Shen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Republic of China.
| | - Guodong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Justice Norvienyeku
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Daniel J Ebbole
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Zonghua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Fujian-Taiwan Joint Center for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China. .,Institute of Ocean Science, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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7
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Pagliaccia D, Urak RZ, Wong F, Douhan LI, Greer CA, Vidalakis G, Douhan GW. Genetic Structure of the Rice Blast Pathogen (Magnaporthe oryzae) over a Decade in North Central California Rice Fields. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 75:310-317. [PMID: 28755027 PMCID: PMC5742603 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by the ascomycete Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most destructive rice diseases worldwide. Even though the disease has been present in California since 1996, there is no data for the pathogen population biology in the state. Using amplified fragment length polymorphisms and mating-type markers, the M. oryzae population diversity was investigated using isolates collected when the disease was first established in California and isolates collected a decade later. While in the 1990 samples, a single multilocus genotype (MLG) was identified (MLG1), over a decade later, we found 14 additional MLGs in the 2000 isolates. Some of these MLGs were found to infect the only rice blast-resistant cultivar (M-208) available for commercial production in California. The same samples also had a significant decrease of MLG1. MLG1 was found infecting the resistant rice cultivar M-208 on one occasion whereas MLG7 was the most common genotype infecting the M-208. MLG7 was identified in the 2000 samples, and it was not present in the M. oryzae population a decade earlier. Our results demonstrate a significant increase in genotypic diversity over time with no evidence of sexual reproduction and suggest a recent introduction of new virulent race(s) of the pathogen. In addition, our data could provide information regarding the durability of the Pi-z resistance gene of the M-208. This information will be critical to plant breeders in developing strategies for deployment of other rice blast resistance genes/cultivars in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Pagliaccia
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.
| | - Ryan Z Urak
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Frank Wong
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Bayer's Environmental Health Division, Bayer, Durham, NC, USA
| | - LeAnn I Douhan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Val Verde Unified School District, Perris, CA, USA
| | - Christopher A Greer
- Cooperative Extension, University of California, Sutter-Yuba, Yuba City, CA, 95991, USA
| | - Georgios Vidalakis
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Greg W Douhan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
- Cooperative Extension Tulare County, Tulare, CA, USA
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8
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Early Forecasting of Rice Blast Disease Using Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Networks. SUSTAINABILITY 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/su10010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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9
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Wang X, Jia Y, Wamishe Y, Jia MH, Valent B. Dynamic Changes in the Rice Blast Population in the United States Over Six Decades. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2017; 30:803-812. [PMID: 28677493 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-04-17-0101-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive diseases of rice. Field isolates of M. oryzae rapidly adapt to their hosts and climate. Tracking the genetic and pathogenic variability of field isolates is essential to understand how M. oryzae interacts with hosts and environments. In this study, a total of 1,022 United States field isolates collected from 1959 to 2015 were analyzed for pathogenicity toward eight international rice differentials. A subset of 457 isolates was genotyped with 10 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. The average polymorphism information content value of markers was 0.55, suggesting that the SSR markers were highly informative to capture the population variances. Six genetic clusters were identified by both STRUCTURE and discriminant analysis of principal components methods. Overall, Nei's diversity of M. oryzae in the United States was 0.53, which is higher than previously reported in a world rice blast collection (0.19). The observed subdivision was associated with collection time periods but not with geographic origin of the isolates. Races such as IC-17, IE-1, and IB-49 have been identified across almost all collection periods and all clusters; races such as IA-1, IB-17, and IH-1 have a much higher frequency in certain periods and clusters. Both genomic and pathogenicity changes of United States blast isolates were associated with collection year, suggesting that hosts are a driving force for the genomic variability of rice blast fungus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Wang
- 1 Rice Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas, Stuttgart, AR 72160, U.S.A
- 2 Dale Bumper National Rice Research Center, USDA, ARS, Stuttgart, AR 72160, U.S.A.; and
| | - Yulin Jia
- 2 Dale Bumper National Rice Research Center, USDA, ARS, Stuttgart, AR 72160, U.S.A.; and
| | - Yeshi Wamishe
- 1 Rice Research and Extension Center, University of Arkansas, Stuttgart, AR 72160, U.S.A
| | - Melissa H Jia
- 2 Dale Bumper National Rice Research Center, USDA, ARS, Stuttgart, AR 72160, U.S.A.; and
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Saleh D, Milazzo J, Adreit H, Fournier E, Tharreau D. South-East Asia is the center of origin, diversity and dispersion of the rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2014; 201:1440-1456. [PMID: 24320224 PMCID: PMC4265293 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
• Inferring invasion routes and identifying reservoirs of diversity of plant pathogens are essential in proposing new strategies for their control. Magnaporthe oryzae, the fungus responsible for rice blast disease, has invaded all rice growing areas. Virulent genotypes regularly (re)emerge, causing rapid resistance breakdowns. However, the world-wide genetic subdivision of M. oryzae populations on rice and its past history of invasion have never been elucidated. • In order to investigate the centers of diversity, origin and migration of M. oryzae on rice, we analyzed the genetic diversity of 55 populations from 15 countries. • Three genetic clusters were identified world-wide. Asia was the center of diversity and the origin of most migrations to other continents. In Asia, two centers of diversity were revealed in the Himalayan foothills: South China-Laos-North Thailand, and western Nepal. Sexual reproduction persisted only in the South China-Laos-North Thailand region, which was identified as the putative center of origin of all M. oryzae populations on rice. • Our results suggest a scenario of early evolution of M. oryzae on rice that matches the past history of rice domestication. This study confirms that crop domestication may have considerable influence on the pestification process of natural enemies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dounia Saleh
- CIRAD, UMR BGPITA A54/K, F 34398, Montpellier, France
- INRA, UMR BGPITA A54/K, F 34398, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Henri Adreit
- CIRAD, UMR BGPITA A54/K, F 34398, Montpellier, France
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