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Takiishi T, Xiao P, Franchimont M, Gilglioni EH, Arroba EN, Gurzov EN, Bertrand MJM, Cardozo AK. Inhibition of RIPK1 kinase does not affect diabetes development: β-Cells survive RIPK1 activation. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101681. [PMID: 36707047 PMCID: PMC9932129 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is caused by progressive immune-mediated loss of insulin-producing β-cells. Inflammation is detrimental to β-cell function and survival, moreover, both apoptosis and necrosis have been implicated as mechanisms of β-cell loss in T1D. The receptor interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) promotes inflammation by serving as a scaffold for NF-κB and MAPK activation, or by acting as a kinase that triggers apoptosis or necroptosis. It is unclear whether RIPK1 kinase activity is involved in T1D pathology. In the present study, we investigated if absence of RIPK1 activation would affect the susceptibility to immune-mediated diabetes or diet induced obesity (DIO). METHODS The RIPK1 knockin mouse line carrying a mutation mimicking serine 25 phosphorylation (Ripk1S25D/S25D), which abrogates RIPK1 kinase activity, was utilized to assess the in vivo role of RIPK1 in immune-mediated diabetes or diet induced obesity (DIO). In vitro, β-cell death and RIPK1 kinase activity was analysed in conditions known to induce RIPK1-dependent apoptosis/necroptosis. RESULTS We demonstrate that Ripk1S25D/S25D mice presented normal glucose metabolism and β-cell function. Furthermore, immune-mediated diabetes and DIO were not different between Ripk1S25D/S25D and Ripk1+/+ mice. Despite strong activation of RIPK1 kinase and other necroptosis effectors (RIPK3 and MLKL) by TNF+BV6+zVAD, no cell death was observed in mouse islets nor human β-cells. CONCLUSION Our results contrast recent literature showing that most cell types undergo necroptosis following RIPK1 kinase activation. This peculiarity may reflect an adaptation to the inability of β-cells to proliferate and self-renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Takiishi
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling Group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Peng Xiao
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling Group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Marie Franchimont
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling Group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Eduardo H. Gilglioni
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Erick N. Arroba
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling Group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium,Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Esteban N. Gurzov
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium,WELBIO, WEL Research Institute, Avenue Pasteur 6, Wavre, 1300, Belgium
| | - Mathieu JM. Bertrand
- UGent Center for inflammation Research, Ghent, Belgium,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alessandra K. Cardozo
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling Group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium,Corresponding author. Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling Group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Route de Lennik, 808, CP 697/02, 1070, Brussels, Belgium.
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2
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Xiao D, Chang W. Phosphatidylserine in Diabetes Research. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:82-89. [PMID: 36480277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phospholipids are lipids that constitute the basic structure of cell membranes. In-depth research has shown that in addition to supporting cell structures, phospholipids participate in multiple cellular processes, including promoting cell signal transduction, guiding protein translocation, activating enzymatic activity, and eliminating dysfunctional/redundant organelles/cells. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease with a complicated etiology and pathology. Studies have shown that the level of certain phospholipids, for example, the ratio of phosphatidylcholine (PC) to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in liver tissue, is negatively associated with insulin sensitivity. In addition, PS is a phospholipid exhibiting extensive cellular functions in diabetes. For this review, we analyzed many PS studies focusing on diabetes and insulin sensitivity in recent years and found that PS participates in controlling insulin secretion, regulating insulin signaling transduction, and participating in the progression of diabetic complications by mediating coagulation disorders in the microvasculature or targeting mitochondria. Moreover, PS supplements in food and PS-containing liposomes have been shown to protect against type 1 and type 2 diabetes (T1D and T2D, respectively) in animal studies. Therefore, by summarizing the regulatory roles played by PS in diabetes and the potential of successfully using PS or PS-containing liposomes for diabetic therapy, we hope to provide new ideas for further research into the mechanisms of diabetes and for drug development for treating diabetes and its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Xiao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenguang Chang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
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Luo Z, Soläng C, Larsson R, Singh K. Interleukin-35 Prevents the Elevation of the M1/M2 Ratio of Macrophages in Experimental Type 1 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147970. [PMID: 35887317 PMCID: PMC9320761 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in the early development of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Based on the phenotype, macrophages can be classified into pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophages. Despite intensive research in the field of macrophages and T1D, the kinetic response of M1/M2 ratio has not been studied in T1D. Thus, herein, we studied the M1 and M2 macrophages in the early development of T1D using the multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLDSTZ) mouse model. We determined the proportions of M1 and M2 macrophages in thymic glands, pancreatic lymph nodes and spleens on days 3, 7 and 10 after the first injection of STZ. In addition, we investigated the effect of IL-35 in vivo on the M1/M2 ratio and IL-35+ plasmacytoid dendritic cells in diabetic mice and in vitro on the sorted macrophages. Our results revealed that the M1/M2 ratio is higher in STZ-treated mice but this was lowered upon the treatment with IL-35. Furthermore, IL-35 treated mice had lower blood glucose levels and a higher proportion of IL-35+ cells among pDCs. Macrophages treated with IL-35 in vitro also had a higher proportion of M2 macrophages. Together, our data indicate that, under diabetic conditions, pro-inflammatory macrophages increased, but IL-35 treatment decreased the pro-inflammatory macrophages and increased anti-inflammatory macrophages, further suggesting that IL-35 prevents hyperglycemia by maintaining the anti-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages and other immune cells. Thus, IL-35 should be further investigated for the treatment of T1D and other autoimmune disorders.
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Xiao P, Takiishi T, Violato NM, Licata G, Dotta F, Sebastiani G, Marselli L, Singh SP, Sze M, Van Loo G, Dejardin E, Gurzov EN, Cardozo AK. NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) is activated in pancreatic β-cells but does not contribute to the development of diabetes. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:476. [PMID: 35589698 PMCID: PMC9120028 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) has a key role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. Although activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway in β-cells is generally deleterious, little is known about the role of the non-canonical NF-κB signalling and its main regulator, the NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK), on pancreatic β-cell survival and function. Previous studies based on models of NIK overexpression in pancreatic islet cells showed that NIK induced either spontaneous β-cell death due to islet inflammation or glucose intolerance during diet-induced obesity (DIO) in mice. Therefore, NIK has been proposed as a potential target for diabetes therapy. However, no clear studies showed whether inhibition of NIK improves diabetes development. Here we show that genetic silencing of NIK in pancreatic β-cells neither modifies diabetes incidence nor inflammatory responses in a mouse model of immune-mediated diabetes. Moreover, NIK silencing in DIO mice did not influence body weight gain, nor glucose metabolism. In vitro studies corroborated the in vivo findings in terms of β-cell survival, function, and downstream gene regulation. Taken together, our data suggest that NIK activation is dispensable for the development of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiao
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Takiishi
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Natalia Moretti Violato
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Giada Licata
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesco Dotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
- Tuscany Centre for Precision Medicine (CReMeP), Siena, Italy
| | - Guido Sebastiani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Fondazione Umberto Di Mario, c/o Toscana Life Sciences, Siena, Italy
| | - Lorella Marselli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Islet Laboratory, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sumeet Pal Singh
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Research in Human and Molecular Biology, Medical Faculty, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mozes Sze
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Geert Van Loo
- Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emmanuel Dejardin
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology and Signal Transduction, GIGA-Insitute, ULiege, Liège, Belgium
| | - Esteban Nicolas Gurzov
- Signal Transduction and Metabolism Laboratory, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alessandra Kupper Cardozo
- Inflammation and Cell Death Signalling group, Laboratoire de Gastroentérologie Expérimental et Endotools, Université libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Fluorine MR Imaging Probes Dynamic Migratory Profiles of Perfluorocarbon-Loaded Dendritic Cells After Streptozotocin-Induced Inflammation. Mol Imaging Biol 2022; 24:321-332. [PMID: 35060024 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-021-01701-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) involves presentation of islet-specific self-antigens by dendritic cells (DCs) to autoreactive T cells, resulting in the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. We aimed to study the dynamic homing of diabetes-prone DCs to the pancreas and nearby organs with and without induction of pancreatic stress in a T1D susceptible model of repeated streptozotocin (STZ) injection. PROCEDURES In vitro labeling of activated bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) from NOD (Nonobese diabetes) mice was performed using zonyl perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether nanoparticles (ZPFCE-NPs). Internalization of particles was confirmed by confocal microscopy. Two groups of NOD.SCID (nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency) mice with (induced by low dose STZ administration) or without pancreatic stress were compared. Diabetogenic BMDCs loaded with BDC2.5 mimotope were pre-labeled with ZPFCE-NPs and adoptively transferred into mice. Longitudinal in vivo fluorine MRI (19F MRI) was performed 24 h, 36 h and 48 h after transfer of BMDCs. For ex vivo quantification of labeled cells, 19F NMR and flow cytometry were performed on dissected tissues to validate in vivo 19F MRI data. RESULTS In vitro flow cytometry and confocal microscopy confirmed high uptake of nanoparticles in BMDCs during the process of maturation. Migration/homing of activated and ZPFCE-NP- labeled BMDCs to different organs was monitored and quantified longitudinally, showing highest cell density in pancreas at 48-h time-point. Based on 19F MRI, STZ induced mild inflammation in the pancreatic region, as indicated by high accumulation of ZPFCE-NP-labeled BMDCs in the pancreas when compared to the vehicle group. Pancreatic draining lymph nodes showed elevated homing of labeled BMDCs in the vehicle groups in contrast to the STZ group after 72 h. The effect of STZ was confirmed by increased blood glucose levels. CONCLUSION We showed the potential of 19F MRI for the non-invasive visualization and quantification of migrating immune cells in models for pancreatic inflammation after STZ administration. Without any intrinsic background signal, 19F MRI serves as a highly specific imaging tool to study the migration of diabetic-prone BMDCs in T1D models in vivo. This approach could particularly be of interest for the longitudinal assessment of established or novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic approaches in preclinical models.
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Interleukin-35 Prevents Development of Autoimmune Diabetes Possibly by Maintaining the Phenotype of Regulatory B Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312988. [PMID: 34884797 PMCID: PMC8657454 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-inflammatory role of regulatory B cells (Breg cells) has been associated with IL-35 based on studies of experimental autoimmune uveitis and encephalitis. The role of Breg cells and IL-35+ Breg cells for type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains to be investigated. We studied PBMCs from T1D subjects and healthy controls (HC) and found lowered proportions of Breg cells and IL-35+ Breg cells in T1D. To elucidate the role of Breg cells, the lymphoid organs of two mouse models of T1D were examined. Lower proportions of Breg cells and IL-35+ Breg cells were found in the animal models of T1D compared with control mice. In addition, the systemic administration of recombinant mouse IL-35 prevented hyperglycemia after multiple low dose streptozotocin (MLDSTZ) injections and increased the proportions of Breg cells and IL-35+ Breg cells. A higher proportion of IFN-γ+ cells among Breg cells were found in the PBMCs of the T1D subjects. In the MLDSTZ mice, IL-35 administration decreased the proportions of IFN-γ+ cells among the Breg cells. Our data illustrate that Breg cells may play an important role in the development of T1D and that IL-35 treatment prevents the development of hyperglycemia by maintaining the phenotype of the Breg cells under an experimental T1D condition.
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7
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Endangered Lymphocytes: The Effects of Alloxan and Streptozotocin on Immune Cells in Type 1 Induced Diabetes. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9940009. [PMID: 34712101 PMCID: PMC8548114 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9940009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Alloxan (ALX) and streptozotocin (STZ) are extensively used to induce type 1 diabetes (T1D) in animal models. This study is aimed at evaluating the differences in immune parameters caused by ALX and STZ. T1D was induced either with ALX or with STZ, and the animals were followed for up to 180 days. Both ALX and STZ induced a decrease in the total number of circulating leukocytes and lymphocytes, with an increase in granulocytes when compared to control mice (CT). STZ-treated mice also exhibited an increase in neutrophils and a reduction in the lymphocyte percentage in the bone marrow. In addition, while the STZ-treated group showed a decrease in total CD3+, CD4−CD8+, and CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes in the thymus and CD19+ B lymphocytes in the pancreas and spleen, the ALX group showed an increase in CD4−CD8+ and CD19+ only in the thymus. Basal levels of splenic interleukin- (IL-) 1β and pancreatic IL-6 in the STZ group were decreased. Both diabetic groups showed atrophy of the thymic medulla and degeneration of pancreatic islets of Langerhans composed of inflammatory infiltration and hyperemia with vasodilation. ALX-treated mice showed a decrease in reticuloendothelial cells, enhanced lymphocyte/thymocyte cell death, and increased number of Hassall's corpuscles. Reduced in vitro activation of splenic lymphocytes was found in the STZ-treated group. Furthermore, mice immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) showed a more intense antigen-specific paw edema response in the STZ-treated group, while production of anti-OVA IgG1 antibodies was similar in both groups. Thereby, important changes in immune cell parameters in vivo and in vitro were found at an early stage of T1D in the STZ-treated group, whereas alterations in the ALX-treated group were mostly found in the chronic phase of T1D, including increased mortality rates. These findings suggest that the effects of ALX and STZ influenced, at different times, lymphoid organs and their cell populations.
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Lupse B, Annamalai K, Ibrahim H, Kaur S, Geravandi S, Sarma B, Pal A, Awal S, Joshi A, Rafizadeh S, Madduri MK, Khazaei M, Liu H, Yuan T, He W, Gorrepati KDD, Azizi Z, Qi Q, Ye K, Oberholzer J, Maedler K, Ardestani A. Inhibition of PHLPP1/2 phosphatases rescues pancreatic β-cells in diabetes. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109490. [PMID: 34348155 PMCID: PMC8421018 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell failure is the key pathogenic element of the complex metabolic deterioration in type 2 diabetes (T2D); its underlying pathomechanism is still elusive. Here, we identify pleckstrin homology domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatases 1 and 2 (PHLPP1/2) as phosphatases whose upregulation leads to β-cell failure in diabetes. PHLPP levels are highly elevated in metabolically stressed human and rodent diabetic β-cells. Sustained hyper-activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) is the primary mechanism of the PHLPP upregulation linking chronic metabolic stress to ultimate β-cell death. PHLPPs directly dephosphorylate and regulate activities of β-cell survival-dependent kinases AKT and MST1, constituting a regulatory triangle loop to control β-cell apoptosis. Genetic inhibition of PHLPPs markedly improves β-cell survival and function in experimental models of diabetes in vitro, in vivo, and in primary human T2D islets. Our study presents PHLPPs as targets for functional regenerative therapy of pancreatic β cells in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blaz Lupse
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Karthika Annamalai
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hazem Ibrahim
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Supreet Kaur
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Shirin Geravandi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Bhavishya Sarma
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Anasua Pal
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sushil Awal
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Arundhati Joshi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Sahar Rafizadeh
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Murali Krishna Madduri
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Mona Khazaei
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Huan Liu
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ting Yuan
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | - Wei He
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Zahra Azizi
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Keqiang Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jose Oberholzer
- Charles O. Strickler Transplant Center, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Kathrin Maedler
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany.
| | - Amin Ardestani
- Centre for Biomolecular Interactions Bremen, University of Bremen, 28359 Bremen, Germany; Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran.
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Novoselova EG, Glushkova OV, Lunin SM, Khrenov MO, Parfenyuk SB, Novoselova TV, Sharapov MG, Gordeeva AE, Novoselov VI, Fesenko EE. Thymulin and peroxiredoxin 6 have protective effects against streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in mice. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2021; 35:20587384211005645. [PMID: 33779346 PMCID: PMC8010817 DOI: 10.1177/20587384211005645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Protective effects of peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) in RIN-m5F β-cells and of thymulin in mice with alloxan-induced diabetes were recently reported. The present work was aimed at studying the efficiency of thymulin and PRDX6 in a type 1 diabetes mellitus model induced by streptozotocin in mice. Effects of prolonged treatment with PRDX6 or thymic peptide thymulin on diabetes development were evaluated. We assessed the effects of the drugs on the physiological status of diabetic mice by measuring blood glucose, body weight, and cell counts in several organs, as well as effects of thymulin and PRDX6 on the immune status of diabetic mice measuring concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in blood plasma (TNF-α, interleukin-5 and 17, and interferon-γ), activity of NF-κB and JNK pathways, and Hsp90α expression in immune cells. Both thymulin and PRDX6 reduced the physiological impairments in diabetic mice at various levels. Thymulin and PRDX6 provide beneficial effects in the model of diabetes via very different mechanisms. Taken together, the results of our study indicated that the thymic peptide and the antioxidant enzyme have anti-inflammatory functions. As increasing evidences show diabetes mellitus as a distinct comorbidity leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome and increased mortality in patients with COVID-19 having cytokine storm, thymulin, and PRDX6 might serve as a supporting anti-inflammatory treatment in the therapy of COVID 19 in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena G Novoselova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Olga V Glushkova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Sergey M Lunin
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Maxim O Khrenov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Svetlana B Parfenyuk
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Tatyana V Novoselova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Mars G Sharapov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alina E Gordeeva
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Vladimir I Novoselov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Evgeny E Fesenko
- Institute of Cell Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PSCBR RAS, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
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Gianchecchi E, Delfino DV, Fierabracci A. Natural Killer Cells: Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Target in Autoimmune Diseases? Front Immunol 2021; 12:616853. [PMID: 33679757 PMCID: PMC7933577 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.616853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases recognize a multifactorial pathogenesis, although the exact mechanism responsible for their onset remains to be fully elucidated. Over the past few years, the role of natural killer (NK) cells in shaping immune responses has been highlighted even though their involvement is profoundly linked to the subpopulation involved and to the site where such interaction takes place. The aberrant number and functionality of NK cells have been reported in several different autoimmune disorders. In the present review, we report the most recent findings regarding the involvement of NK cells in both systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), primary Sjögren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. In T1D, innate inflammation induces NK cell activation, disrupting the Treg function. In addition, certain genetic variants identified as risk factors for T1D influenced the activation of NK cells promoting their cytotoxic activity. The role of NK cells has also been demonstrated in the pathogenesis of PBC mediating direct or indirect biliary epithelial cell destruction. NK cell frequency and number were enhanced in both the peripheral blood and the liver of patients and associated with increased NK cell cytotoxic activity and perforin expression levels. NK cells were also involved in the perpetuation of disease through autoreactive CD4 T cell activation in the presence of antigen-presenting cells. In systemic sclerosis (SSc), in addition to phenotypic abnormalities, patients presented a reduction in CD56hi NK-cells. Moreover, NK cells presented a deficient killing activity. The influence of the activating and inhibitory killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) has been investigated in SSc and SLE susceptibility. Furthermore, autoantibodies to KIRs have been identified in different systemic autoimmune conditions. Because of its role in modulating the immune-mediated pathology, NK subpopulation could represent a potential marker for disease activity and target for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gianchecchi
- VisMederi srl, Siena, Italy.,Infectivology and Clinical Trials Research Area, Primary Immunodeficiencies Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico V Delfino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fierabracci
- Infectivology and Clinical Trials Research Area, Primary Immunodeficiencies Research Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Rome, Italy
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Twice daily oral administration of Palmaria palmata protein hydrolysate reduces food intake in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice, improving glycaemic control and lipid profiles. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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