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Ding H, Hou X, Gao Z, Guo Y, Liao B, Wan J. Challenges and Strategies for Endothelializing Decellularized Small-Diameter Tissue-Engineered Vessel Grafts. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304432. [PMID: 38462702 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Vascular diseases are the leading cause of ischemic necrosis in tissues and organs, necessitating using vascular grafts to restore blood supply. Currently, small vessels for coronary artery bypass grafts are unavailable in clinical settings. Decellularized small-diameter tissue-engineered vessel grafts (SD-TEVGs) hold significant potential. However, they face challenges, as simple implantation of decellularized SD-TEVGs in animals leads to thrombosis and calcification due to incomplete endothelialization. Consequently, research and development focus has shifted toward enhancing the endothelialization process of decellularized SD-TEVGs. This paper reviews preclinical studies involving decellularized SD-TEVGs, highlighting different strategies and their advantages and disadvantages for achieving rapid endothelialization of these vascular grafts. Methods are analyzed to improve the process while addressing potential shortcomings. This paper aims to contribute to the future commercial viability of decellularized SD-TEVGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Ding
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of cardiovascular remodeling and dysfunction, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
- Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Hou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Cardiovascular Surgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yingqiang Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Cardiovascular Surgery Research Laboratory, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Bin Liao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of cardiovascular remodeling and dysfunction, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Juyi Wan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Metabolic Vascular Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Key Laboratory of cardiovascular remodeling and dysfunction, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education & Medical Electrophysiological Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, (Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases), Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
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2
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Takematsu E, Massidda M, Auster J, Chen PC, Im B, Srinath S, Canga S, Singh A, Majid M, Sherman M, Dunn A, Graham A, Martin P, Baker AB. Transmembrane stem cell factor protein therapeutics enhance revascularization in ischemia without mast cell activation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2497. [PMID: 35523773 PMCID: PMC9076913 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cell factor (SCF) is a cytokine that regulates hematopoiesis and other biological processes. While clinical treatments using SCF would be highly beneficial, these have been limited by toxicity related to mast cell activation. Transmembrane SCF (tmSCF) has differential activity from soluble SCF and has not been explored as a therapeutic agent. We created novel therapeutics using tmSCF embedded in proteoliposomes or lipid nanodiscs. Mouse models of anaphylaxis and ischemia revealed the tmSCF-based therapies did not activate mast cells and improved the revascularization in the ischemic hind limb. Proteoliposomal tmSCF preferentially acted on endothelial cells to induce angiogenesis while tmSCF nanodiscs had greater activity in inducing stem cell mobilization and recruitment to the site of injury. The type of lipid nanocarrier used altered the relative cellular uptake pathways and signaling in a cell type dependent manner. Overall, we found that tmSCF-based therapies can provide therapeutic benefits without off target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Takematsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Miles Massidda
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Jeff Auster
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Po-Chih Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - ByungGee Im
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sanjana Srinath
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sophia Canga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Aditya Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Marjan Majid
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Michael Sherman
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Dunn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Annette Graham
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK
| | - Patricia Martin
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, G4 0BA, Scotland, UK
| | - Aaron B Baker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- The Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
- Institute for Biomaterials, Drug Delivery and Regenerative Medicine, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
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3
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Mindur JE, Swirski FK. Growth Factors as Immunotherapeutic Targets in Cardiovascular Disease. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 39:1275-1287. [PMID: 31092009 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.311994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Growth factors, such as CSFs (colony-stimulating factors), EGFs (epidermal growth factors), and FGFs (fibroblast growth factors), are signaling proteins that control a wide range of cellular functions. Although growth factor networks are critical for intercellular communication and tissue homeostasis, their abnormal production or regulation occurs in various pathologies. Clinical strategies that target growth factors or their receptors are used to treat a variety of conditions but have yet to be adopted for cardiovascular disease. In this review, we focus on M-CSF (macrophage-CSF), GM-CSF (granulocyte-M-CSF), IL (interleukin)-3, EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor), and FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21). We first discuss the efficacy of targeting these growth factors in other disease contexts (ie, inflammatory/autoimmune diseases, cancer, or metabolic disorders) and then consider arguments for or against targeting them to treat cardiovascular disease. Visual Overview- An online visual overview is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Mindur
- From the Graduate Program in Immunology (J.E.M.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.,Center for Systems Biology (J.E.M., F.K.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Filip K Swirski
- Center for Systems Biology (J.E.M., F.K.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.,Department of Radiology (F.K.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
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4
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Zubkova ES, Beloglazova IB, Evtushenko EG, Kopylov AT, Shevchenko EK, Dergilev KV, Ratner EI, Parfenova EV, Men'shikov MY. Application of Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors for Engineering SCF-Containing Extracellular Vesicles of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 166:527-534. [PMID: 30793234 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04387-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells from rat adipose tissue were transduced with adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector encoding stem cell factor SCF that stimulates proliferation of cardiac c-kit+ cells and improved cardiac function and survival of animals after myocardial infarction. Extracellular vesicles isolated from the medium conditioned by mesenchymal stromal cells by ultracentrifugation were characterized by Western blotting, transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, immunostaining, and mass spectrometry analysis. Using proteomic analysis, we identified transgenic SCF in extracellular vesicles released by AAV-modified mesenchymal stromal cells and detected some proteins specific of extracellular vesicles secreted by transduced cells. Extracellular vesicles from AAV-transduced mesenchymal stromal cells could be used for delivery of transgenic proteins as they were readily endocytosed by both cardiosphere-derived cells and cardiac-progenitor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Zubkova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia. .,M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - I B Beloglazova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.,M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E G Evtushenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - E K Shevchenko
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - K V Dergilev
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.,M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - E I Ratner
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Parfenova
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.,M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M Yu Men'shikov
- National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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5
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Li X, Wan Q, Min J, Duan L, Liu J. Premobilization of CD133+ cells by granulocyte colony- stimulating factor attenuates ischemic acute kidney injury induced by cardiopulmonary bypass. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2470. [PMID: 30792422 PMCID: PMC6385363 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38953-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic acute kidney injury (IAKI) is a common but severe complication after a cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Multiple studies have demonstrated that peripheral CD133+ or differentiated cells are able to home and repair the damaged tissues, but the number of available CD133+ cells is limited, and no efficient method published previously to mobilize them immediately. We analyzed the relationship between CD133+ cells and renal function in CPB patients, in addition, the efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) pre-mobilized CD133+ cells in treating of mouse IAKI model have been investigated. In the clinical study, the prospective cohort study analyzed the correlation between BUN/Crea level and the peripheral CD133+ cell numbers. CPB was associated with postoperative renal dysfunction. The significant negative correlation was observed between patients' Crea and CD133+ cells (P < 0.05). The proposed mechanism studies were performed on the mouse IAKI model. The experimental mice were treated by G-CSF to mobilize CD133+ cells before implementing CPB. Data on cell count, inflammatory index, renal function/injury, and CD133+ cell mobilization were analyzed. The result demonstrated that pretreatment by G-CSF resulted in tremendous increase in the number of mouse peripheral blood and renal CD133+ cells, significantly reduces renal tissue inflammation and dramatically improves the renal function after CPB. In summary, we concluded that premobilization of CD133+ cells abated CPB induced IAKI, by promoting both repairing damaged epithelium and by its anti-inflammatory activity. Our findings stress the remarkable applications of CD133+ or differentiated cells-based therapies for potential preventing ischemic acute kidney injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Min
- Department of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Linjia Duan
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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6
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Ding D, Zhu Q. Recent advances of PLGA micro/nanoparticles for the delivery of biomacromolecular therapeutics. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 92:1041-1060. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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7
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Banovic M, Pusnik-Vrckovnik M, Nakou E, Vardas P. Myocardial regeneration therapy in heart failure: Current status and future therapeutic implications in clinical practice. Int J Cardiol 2018; 260:124-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.01.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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8
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Huang R, Lv H, Yao K, Ge L, Ye Z, Ding H, Zhang Y, Lu H, Huang Z, Zhang S, Zou Y, Ge J. Effects of different doses of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilization therapy on ischemic cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5922. [PMID: 29651017 PMCID: PMC5897440 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24020-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
G-CSF mobilization might be beneficial to ICM, but the relationship between effect/safety and the dosage of G-CSF remains unclear. In this study, 24 pigs were used to build ICM models and were randomized into four groups. Four weeks later, different dosages of G-CSF were given daily by subcutaneous injection for 5 days. Another 4 weeks later, all the animals were sacrificed. Electrocardiography, coronary arteriography, left ventriculography, transthoracic echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and SPECT, histopathologic analysis, and immunohistochemistry techniques were used to evaluate left ventricular function and myocardial infarct size. Four weeks after G-CSF treatment, pigs in middle-dose G-CSF group exhibited obvious improvements of left ventricular remodeling and function. Moderate G-CSF mobilization ameliorated the regional contractility of ICM, preserved myocardial viability, and reduced myocardial infarct size. More neovascularization and fewer apoptotic myocardial cells were observed in the ischemic region of the heart in middle-dose group. Expression of vWF, VEGF and MCP-1 were up-regulated, and Akt1 was activated in high- and middle-dose groups. Moreover, CRP, TNF-α and S-100 were elevated after high-dose G-CSF mobilization. Middle-dose G-CSF mobilization therapy is an effective and safe treatment for ICM, and probably acts via a mechanism involving promoting neovascularization, inhibiting cardiac fibrosis and anti-apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongchong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Haichen Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Kang Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lei Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhishuai Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Huaiyu Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 222 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, 116011, China
| | - Yiqi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zheyong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shuning Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yunzeng Zou
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, 138 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Feng Lin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China. .,Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, 138 Dong'an Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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9
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Blackburn NJR, Vulesevic B, McNeill B, Cimenci CE, Ahmadi A, Gonzalez-Gomez M, Ostojic A, Zhong Z, Brownlee M, Beisswenger PJ, Milne RW, Suuronen EJ. Methylglyoxal-derived advanced glycation end products contribute to negative cardiac remodeling and dysfunction post-myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2017; 112:57. [DOI: 10.1007/s00395-017-0646-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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10
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Bianconi V, Sahebkar A, Kovanen P, Bagaglia F, Ricciuti B, Calabrò P, Patti G, Pirro M. Endothelial and cardiac progenitor cells for cardiovascular repair: A controversial paradigm in cell therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 181:156-168. [PMID: 28827151 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have the potential to differentiate into cardiovascular cell lineages and to stimulate tissue regeneration in a paracrine/autocrine manner; thus, they have been extensively studied as candidate cell sources for cardiovascular regeneration. Several preclinical and clinical studies addressing the therapeutic potential of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) in cardiovascular diseases have been performed. For instance, autologous EPC transplantation and EPC mobilization through pharmacological agents contributed to vascular repair and neovascularization in different animal models of limb ischemia and myocardial infarction. Also, CPC administration and in situ stimulation of resident CPCs have been shown to improve myocardial survival and function in experimental models of ischemic heart disease. However, clinical studies using EPC- and CPC-based therapeutic approaches have produced mixed results. In this regard, intracoronary, intra-myocardial or intramuscular injection of either bone marrow-derived or peripheral blood progenitor cells has improved pathological features of tissue ischemia in humans, despite modest or no clinical benefit has been observed in most cases. Also, the intriguing scientific background surrounding the potential clinical applications of EPC capture stenting is still waiting for a confirmatory proof. Moreover, clinical findings on the efficacy of CPC-based cell therapy in heart diseases are still very preliminary and based on small-size studies. Despite promising evidence, widespread clinical application of both EPCs and CPCs remains delayed due to several unresolved issues. The present review provides a summary of the different applications of EPCs and CPCs for cardiovascular cell therapy and underlies their advantages and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Francesco Bagaglia
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Biagio Ricciuti
- Department of Medical Oncology, S. Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabrò
- Division of Cardiology, Second University of Naples, Department of Cardio-Thoracic and Respiratory Sciences, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Patti
- Unit of Cardiovascular Science, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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11
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Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Ischemic Stroke: Update on Basic Research and Application. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:2193432. [PMID: 28900446 PMCID: PMC5576438 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2193432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of human death and disability worldwide. So far, ultra-early thrombolytic therapy is the most effective treatment. However, most patients still live with varying degrees of neurological dysfunction due to its narrow therapeutic time window. It has been confirmed in many studies that endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), as a kind of adult stem cells, can protect the neurovascular unit by repairing the vascular endothelium and its secretory function, which contribute to the recovery of neurological function after an ischemic stroke. This paper reviews the basic researches and clinical trials of EPCs especially in the field of ischemic stroke and addresses the combination of EPC application with new technologies, including neurovascular intervention, synthetic particles, cytokines, and EPC modification, with the aim of shedding some light on the application of EPCs in treating ischemic stroke in the future.
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12
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Abstract
Coronary heart disease is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Endothelial dysfunction in affected patients is linked to long-term atherosclerotic disease progression and cardiovascular event rates. The present paper reports on changes in the levels of endothelial progenitor cells (VEGFR2/CD133/CD34), essential for endothelial repair, and of endothelial microvesicles (CD31/annexin V) as indicators of endothelial lesion, in patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery with respect both to baseline levels and to counts in healthy subjects. In an observational descriptive study, 31 patients scheduled for coronary revascularization surgery were compared with those of 25 healthy controls. In a subsequent longitudinal study, patients undergoing surgery were monitored at 5 timepoints up until 48 h after surgery. Endothelial progenitor cell (VEGFR2/CD133/CD34) and endothelial microvesicle (CD31/annexin V) levels were quantified by flow cytometry. Baseline endothelial progenitor cell counts in coronary patients were significantly lower than those of healthy controls (p < 0.001); however, after surgery, levels rose steadily over all 5 timepoints to 48 h with statistically significant differences (p < 0.001) between intra-operative and 48 h after surgery (T5). Endothelial microvesicle levels were significantly higher in coronary patients prior to surgery than in healthy controls (p < 0.001), and despite declining at 48 h remained significantly higher than those of controls (p < 0.001). Coronary surgery has had a positive impact on the endothelium in the patients, prompting a decrease in signs of endothelial dysfunction and a considerable improvement in the endothelial repair mechanisms involved in angiogenesis, playing an important role in the inflammatory response and the remodelling process of ischemic myocardium in postoperative period.
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13
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Are Endothelial Progenitor Cells the Real Solution for Cardiovascular Diseases? Focus on Controversies and Perspectives. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:835934. [PMID: 26509164 PMCID: PMC4609774 DOI: 10.1155/2015/835934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Advanced knowledge in the field of stem cell biology and their ability to provide a cue for counteracting several diseases are leading numerous researchers to focus their attention on “regenerative medicine” as possible solutions for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the lack of consistent evidence in this arena has hampered the clinical application. The same condition affects the research on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), creating more confusion than comprehension. In this review, this aspect is discussed with particular emphasis. In particular, we describe biology and physiology of EPCs, outline their clinical relevance as both new predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic CVD biomarkers and therapeutic agents, discuss advantages, disadvantages, and conflicting data about their use as possible solutions for vascular impairment and clinical applications, and finally underline a very crucial aspect of EPCs “characterization and definition,” which seems to be the real cause of large heterogeneity existing in literature data on this topic.
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14
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Lluri G, Huang V, Touma M, Liu X, Harmon AW, Nakano A. Hematopoietic progenitors are required for proper development of coronary vasculature. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 86:199-207. [PMID: 26241844 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE During embryogenesis, hematopoietic cells appear in the myocardium prior to the initiation of coronary formation. However, their role is unknown. OBJECTIVE Here we investigate whether pre-existing hematopoietic cells are required for the formation of coronary vasculature. METHODS AND RESULTS As a model of for hematopoietic cell deficient animals, we used Runx1 knockout embryos and Vav1-cre; R26-DTA embryos, latter of which genetically ablates 2/3 of CD45(+) hematopoietic cells. Both Runx1 knockout embryos and Vav1-cre; R26-DTA embryos revealed disorganized, hypoplastic microvasculature of coronary vessels on section and whole-mount stainings. Furthermore, coronary explant experiments showed that the mouse heart explants from Runx1 and Vav1-cre; R26-DTA embryos exhibited impaired coronary formation ex vivo. Interestingly, in both models it appears that epicardial to mesenchymal transition is adversely affected in the absence of hematopoietic progenitors. CONCLUSION Hematopoietic cells are not merely passively transported via coronary vessel, but substantially involved in the induction of the coronary growth. Our findings suggest a novel mechanism of coronary growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gentian Lluri
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Vincent Huang
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Marlin Touma
- Children's Discovery and Innovation Institute Department of Pediatrics, Department of Molecular Cell and Integrative Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, USA
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Andrew W Harmon
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Atsushi Nakano
- Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Tallawi M, Rosellini E, Barbani N, Cascone MG, Rai R, Saint-Pierre G, Boccaccini AR. Strategies for the chemical and biological functionalization of scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering: a review. J R Soc Interface 2015; 12:20150254. [PMID: 26109634 PMCID: PMC4528590 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) is challenging, primarily owing to the requirement of achieving a surface with favourable characteristics that enhances cell attachment and maturation. The biomaterial surface plays a crucial role as it forms the interface between the scaffold (or cardiac patch) and the cells. In the field of CTE, synthetic polymers (polyglycerol sebacate, polyethylene glycol, polyglycolic acid, poly-l-lactide, polyvinyl alcohol, polycaprolactone, polyurethanes and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)) have been proven to exhibit suitable biodegradable and mechanical properties. Despite the fact that they show the required biocompatible behaviour, most synthetic polymers exhibit poor cell attachment capability. These synthetic polymers are mostly hydrophobic and lack cell recognition sites, limiting their application. Therefore, biofunctionalization of these biomaterials to enhance cell attachment and cell material interaction is being widely investigated. There are numerous approaches for functionalizing a material, which can be classified as mechanical, physical, chemical and biological. In this review, recent studies reported in the literature to functionalize scaffolds in the context of CTE, are discussed. Surface, morphological, chemical and biological modifications are introduced and the results of novel promising strategies and techniques are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Tallawi
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Elisabetta Rosellini
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Niccoletta Barbani
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cascone
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo Lucio Lazzarino, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Ranjana Rai
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Guillaume Saint-Pierre
- Inspiralia, Materials Laboratory, C/Faraday 7, Lab 3.02, Campus de Cantoblanco, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Jang IH, Heo SC, Kwon YW, Choi EJ, Kim JH. Role of formyl peptide receptor 2 in homing of endothelial progenitor cells and therapeutic angiogenesis. Adv Biol Regul 2014; 57:162-72. [PMID: 25304660 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2014.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) hold a great promise as a therapeutic mediator in treatment of ischemic disease conditions. The discovery of EPCs in adult blood has been a cause of significant enthusiasm in the field of endothelial cell research and numerous clinical trials have been expedited. After more than a decade of research in basic science and clinical applications, limitations and new strategies of EPC therapeutics have emerged. With various phenotypes, vague definitions, and uncertain distinction from hematopoietic cells, understanding EPC biology remains challenging. However, EPCs, still hold great hope for treatment of critical ischemic injury as low concern regarding safety can accelerate the clinical applications from basic findings. This review provides an introduction to EPC as cellular therapeutics, which highlights a recent finding that EPC homing was promoted through FPR2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Il Ho Jang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Chul Heo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Woo Kwon
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jung Choi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Kim
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Convergence Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 626-770, Gyeongsangnam-do, Republic of Korea.
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Bellera N, Barba I, Rodriguez-Sinovas A, Ferret E, Asín MA, Gonzalez-Alujas MT, Pérez-Rodon J, Esteves M, Fonseca C, Toran N, Garcia Del Blanco B, Pérez A, Garcia-Dorado D. Single intracoronary injection of encapsulated antagomir-92a promotes angiogenesis and prevents adverse infarct remodeling. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000946. [PMID: 25240056 PMCID: PMC4323815 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.114.000946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Small and large preclinical animal models have shown that antagomir‐92a‐based therapy reduces early postischemic loss of function, but its effect on postinfarction remodeling is not known. In addition, the reported remote miR‐92a inhibition in noncardiac organs prevents the translation of nonvectorized miR‐targeted therapy to the clinical setting. We investigated whether a single intracoronary administration of antagomir‐92a encapsulated in microspheres could prevent deleterious remodeling of myocardium 1 month after acute myocardial infarction AUTHOR: Should “acute” be added before “myocardial infarction” (since abbreviation is AMI)? Also check at first mention in main text (AMI) without adverse effects. Methods and Results In a percutaneous pig model of reperfused AMI, a single intracoronary administration of antagomir‐92a encapsulated in specific microspheres (9 μm poly‐d,‐lactide‐co‐glycolide [PLGA]) inhibited miR‐92a in a local, selective, and sustained manner (n=3 pigs euthanized 1, 3, and 10 days after treatment; 8×, 2×, and 5×‐fold inhibition at 1, 3, and 10 days). Downregulation of miR‐92a resulted in significant vessel growth (n=27 adult minipigs randomly allocated to blind receive encapsulated antagomir‐92a, encapsulated placebo, or saline [n=8, 9, 9]; P=0.001), reduced regional wall‐motion dysfunction (P=0.03), and prevented adverse remodeling in the infarct area 1 month after injury (P=0.03). Intracoronary injection of microspheres had no significant adverse effect in downstream myocardium in healthy pigs (n=2), and fluorescein isothiocyanate albumin‐PLGA microspheres were not found in myocardium outside the left anterior descending coronary artery territory (n=4) or in other organs (n=2). Conclusions Early single intracoronary administration of encapsulated antagomir‐92a in an adult pig model of reperfused AMI prevents left ventricular remodeling with no local or distant adverse effects, emerging as a promising therapeutic approach to translate to patients who suffer a large AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neus Bellera
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Cardiocirculatory Pathology, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., I.B., A.R.S., D.G.D.) Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
| | - Ignasi Barba
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Cardiocirculatory Pathology, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., I.B., A.R.S., D.G.D.)
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Sinovas
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Cardiocirculatory Pathology, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., I.B., A.R.S., D.G.D.)
| | - Eulalia Ferret
- I+D Pierre-Fabre Ibérica S.A., Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain (E.F., M.A.A., A.)
| | - Miguel Angel Asín
- I+D Pierre-Fabre Ibérica S.A., Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain (E.F., M.A.A., A.)
| | - M Teresa Gonzalez-Alujas
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
| | - Jordi Pérez-Rodon
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
| | - Marielle Esteves
- Department of Animal Housing, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (M.E., C.F.)
| | - Carla Fonseca
- Department of Animal Housing, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (M.E., C.F.)
| | - Nuria Toran
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.T.)
| | - Bruno Garcia Del Blanco
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
| | - Amadeo Pérez
- I+D Pierre-Fabre Ibérica S.A., Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain (E.F., M.A.A., A.)
| | - David Garcia-Dorado
- Laboratory of Experimental and Molecular Cardiocirculatory Pathology, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., I.B., A.R.S., D.G.D.) Department of Cardiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain (N.B., T.G.A., J.R., B.G.B., D.G.D.)
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Engineering Angiogenesis for Myocardial Infarction Repair: Recent Developments, Challenges, and Future Directions. Cardiovasc Eng Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13239-014-0193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rüder C, Haase T, Krost A, Langwieser N, Peter J, Kamann S, Zohlnhöfer D. Combinatorial G-CSF/AMD3100 treatment in cardiac repair after myocardial infarction. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104644. [PMID: 25121738 PMCID: PMC4133256 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Several studies suggest that circulating bone marrow derived stem cells promote the regeneration of ischemic tissues. For hematopoietic stem cell transplantation combinatorial granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)/Plerixafor (AMD3100) administration was shown to enhance mobilization of bone marrow derived stem cells compared to G-CSF monotherapy. Here we tested the hypothesis whether combinatorial G-CSF/AMD3100 therapy has beneficial effects in cardiac recovery in a mouse model of myocardial infarction. METHODS We analyzed the effect of single G-CSF (250 µg/kg/day) and combinatorial G-CSF/AMD3100 (100 µg/kg/day) treatment on cardiac morphology, vascularization, and hemodynamics 28 days after permanent ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD). G-CSF treatment started directly after induction of myocardial infarction (MI) for 3 consecutive days followed by a single AMD3100 application on day three after MI in the G-CSF/AMD3100 group. Cell mobilization was assessed by flow cytometry of blood samples drawn from tail vein on day 0, 7, and 14. RESULTS Peripheral blood analysis 7 days after MI showed enhanced mobilization of white blood cells (WBC) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) upon G-CSF and combinatorial G-CSF/AMD3100 treatment. However, single or combinatorial treatment showed no improvement in survival, left ventricular function, and infarction size compared to the saline treated control group 28 days after MI. Furthermore, no differences in histology and vascularization of infarcted hearts could be observed. CONCLUSION Although the implemented treatment regimen caused no adverse effects, our data show that combinatorial G-CSF/AMD therapy does not promote myocardial regeneration after permanent LAD occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Rüder
- Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Haase
- Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité Berlin, Germany
| | - Annalena Krost
- Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Nicole Langwieser
- Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Peter
- Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kamann
- Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
| | - Dietlind Zohlnhöfer
- Berlin Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité Berlin, Germany
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Hibbert B, Hayley B, Beanlands RS, Le May M, Davies R, So D, Marquis JF, Labinaz M, Froeschl M, O'Brien ER, Burwash IG, Wells GA, Pourdjabbar A, Simard T, Atkins H, Glover C. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor therapy for stem cell mobilization following anterior wall myocardial infarction: the CAPITAL STEM MI randomized trial. CMAJ 2014; 186:E427-34. [PMID: 24934893 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.140133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small studies have yielded divergent results for administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) after acute myocardial infarction. Adequately powered studies involving patients with at least moderate left ventricular dysfunction are lacking. METHODS Patients with left ventricular ejection fraction less than 45% after anterior-wall myocardial infarction were treated with G-CSF (10 μg/kg daily for 4 days) or placebo. After initial randomization of 86 patients, 41 in the placebo group and 39 in the G-CSF group completed 6-month follow-up and underwent measurement of left ventricular ejection fraction by radionuclide angiography. RESULTS Baseline and 6-week mean ejection fraction was similar for the G-CSF and placebo groups: 34.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 32.6%-37.0%) v. 36.4% (95% CI 33.5%-39.2%) at baseline and 39.8% (95% CI 36.2%-43.4%) v. 43.1% (95% CI 39.2%-47.0%) at 6 weeks. However, G-CSF therapy was associated with a lower ejection fraction at 6 months relative to placebo (40.8% [95% CI 37.4%-44.2%] v. 46.0% [95% CI 42.7%-44.3%]). Both groups had improved left ventricular function, but change in left ventricular ejection fraction was lower in patients treated with G-CSF than in those who received placebo (5.7 [95% CI 3.4-8.1] percentage points v. 9.2 [95% CI 6.3-12.1] percentage points). One or more of a composite of several major adverse cardiac events occurred in 8 patients (19%) within each group, with similar rates of target-vessel revascularization. INTERPRETATION In patients with moderate left ventricular dysfunction following anterior-wall infarction, G-CSF therapy was associated with a lower 6-month left ventricular ejection fraction but no increased risk of major adverse cardiac events. Future studies of G-CSF in patients with left ventricular dysfunction should be monitored closely for safety. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, no. NCT00394498.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Hibbert
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Bradley Hayley
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Robert S Beanlands
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Michel Le May
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Richard Davies
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Derek So
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Jean-François Marquis
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Marino Labinaz
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Michael Froeschl
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Edward R O'Brien
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Ian G Burwash
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - George A Wells
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Ali Pourdjabbar
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Trevor Simard
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Harold Atkins
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont
| | - Christopher Glover
- Division of Cardiology (Hibbert, Hayley, Beanlands, Le May, Davies, So, Marquis, Labinaz, Froeschl, O'Brien, Burwash, Wells, Pourdjabbar, Simard, Glover), Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute (O'Brien), Calgary, Alta.; Division of Hematology (Atkins), Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital and University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ont.
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Finosh GT, Jayabalan M. Regenerative therapy and tissue engineering for the treatment of end-stage cardiac failure: new developments and challenges. BIOMATTER 2014; 2:1-14. [PMID: 23507781 DOI: 10.4161/biom.19429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Regeneration of myocardium through regenerative therapy and tissue engineering is appearing as a prospective treatment modality for patients with end-stage heart failure. Focusing on this area, this review highlights the new developments and challenges in the regeneration of myocardial tissue. The role of various cell sources, calcium ion and cytokine on the functional performance of regenerative therapy is discussed. The evolution of tissue engineering and the role of tissue matrix/scaffold, cell adhesion and vascularisation on tissue engineering of cardiac tissue implant are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G T Finosh
- Polymer Science Division, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Kerala, India
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Suzuki T, Suzuki S, Fujino N, Ota C, Yamada M, Suzuki T, Yamaya M, Kondo T, Kubo H. c-Kit immunoexpression delineates a putative endothelial progenitor cell population in developing human lungs. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 306:L855-65. [PMID: 24583878 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00211.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of c-Kit and its ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), in developing human lung tissue was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Twenty-eight human fetal lungs [age range 13 to 38 gestational wk (GW)] and 12 postnatal lungs (age range 1-79 yr) were evaluated. We identified c-Kit(+) cells in the lung mesenchyme as early as 13 GW. These mesenchymal c-Kit(+) cells in the lung did not express mast cell tryptase or α-smooth muscle actin. However, these cells did express CD34, VEGFR2, and Tie-2, indicating their endothelial lineage. Three-dimensional reconstructions of confocal laser scanning images revealed that c-Kit(+) cells displayed a closed-end tube formation that did not contain hematopoietic cells. From the pseudoglandular phase to the canalicular phase, c-Kit(+) cells appeared to continuously proliferate, to connect with central pulmonary vessels, and finally, to develop the lung capillary plexus. The spatial distribution of c-Kit- and SCF-positive cells was also demonstrated, and these cells were shown to be in close association. Our results suggest that c-Kit expression in early fetal lungs marks a progenitor population that is restricted to endothelial lineage. This study also suggests the potential involvement of c-Kit signaling in lung vascular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Suzuki
- Dept. of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease, Tohoku Univ. School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryoumachi, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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Doppler SA, Deutsch MA, Lange R, Krane M. Cardiac regeneration: current therapies-future concepts. J Thorac Dis 2013; 5:683-97. [PMID: 24255783 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.08.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be one of the main causes of death in the western world. A high burden of disease and the high costs for the healthcare systems claim for novel therapeutic strategies besides current conventional medical care. One decade ago first clinical trials addressed stem cell based therapies as a potential alternative therapeutic strategy for myocardial regeneration and repair. Besides bone marrow derived stem cells (BMCs), adult stem cells from adipose or cardiac tissue have been used in current clinical studies with inconsistent results. Although outcomes in terms of safety and feasibility are generally encouraging, functional improvements were mostly disappointingly low and have failed to reach expectations. In the future, new concepts for myocardial regeneration, especially concerning recovery of cardiomyocyte loss, have to be developed. Transplantation of novel stem or progenitor cell populations with "true" regenerative potential, direct reprogramming of scar tissue into functional myocardium, tissue engineering or stimulation of endogenous cardiac repair by pharmacological agents are conceivable. This review summarizes current evidence of stem cell based regenerative therapies and discusses future strategies to improve functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A Doppler
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Technische Universität München (TUM), Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Cheng CF, Lian WS. Prooxidant mechanisms in iron overload cardiomyopathy. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:740573. [PMID: 24350287 PMCID: PMC3852805 DOI: 10.1155/2013/740573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload cardiomyopathy (IOC), defined as the presence of systolic or diastolic cardiac dysfunction secondary to increased deposition of iron, is emerging as an important cause of heart failure due to the increased incidence of this disorder seen in thalassemic patients and in patients of primary hemochromatosis. At present, although palliative treatment by regular iron chelation was recommended; whereas IOC is still the major cause for mortality in patient with chronic heart failure induced by iron-overloading. Because iron is a prooxidant and the associated mechanism seen in iron-overload heart is still unclear; therefore, we intend to delineate the multiple signaling pathways involved in IOC. These pathways may include organelles such as calcium channels, mitochondria; paracrine effects from both macrophages and fibroblast, and novel mediators such as thromboxane A2 and adiponectin; with increased oxidative stress and inflammation found commonly in these signaling pathways. With further understanding on these complex and inter-related molecular mechanisms, we can propose potential therapeutic strategies to ameliorate the cardiac toxicity induced by iron-overloading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Feng Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Tzu Chi General Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Shiung Lian
- Department of Medical Research, Tzu Chi General Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Choi MK, Park SJ, Eom SH, Kang MH. Anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic effects of purple-fleshed potato in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Food Sci Biotechnol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10068-013-0231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
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Sharma R, Aqil F, Jeyabalan J, Gupta R, Singh I. Quantitative analysis ofEugenia jambolana(Willd. ex O.Berg) for its major anthocyanins by densitometry. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.26.2013.4.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Iohara K, Murakami M, Takeuchi N, Osako Y, Ito M, Ishizaka R, Utunomiya S, Nakamura H, Matsushita K, Nakashima M. A novel combinatorial therapy with pulp stem cells and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for total pulp regeneration. Stem Cells Transl Med 2013; 2:521-33. [PMID: 23761108 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2012-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of deep caries with pulpitis is a major challenge in dentistry. Stem cell therapy represents a potential strategy to regenerate the dentin-pulp complex, enabling conservation and restoration of teeth. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of pulp stem cell transplantation as a prelude for the impending clinical trials. Clinical-grade pulp stem cells were isolated and expanded according to good manufacturing practice conditions. The absence of contamination, abnormalities/aberrations in karyotype, and tumor formation after transplantation in an immunodeficient mouse ensured excellent quality control. After autologous transplantation of pulp stem cells with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a dog pulpectomized tooth, regenerated pulp tissue including vasculature and innervation completely filled in the root canal, and regenerated dentin was formed in the coronal part and prevented microleakage up to day 180. Transplantation of pulp stem cells with G-CSF yielded a significantly larger amount of regenerated dentin-pulp complex compared with transplantation of G-CSF or stem cells alone. Also noteworthy was the reduction in the number of inflammatory cells and apoptotic cells and the significant increase in neurite outgrowth compared with results without G-CSF. The transplanted stem cells expressed angiogenic/neurotrophic factors. It is significant that G-CSF together with conditioned medium of pulp stem cells stimulated cell migration and neurite outgrowth, prevented cell death, and promoted immunosuppression in vitro. Furthermore, there was no evidence of toxicity or adverse events. In conclusion, the combinatorial trophic effects of pulp stem cells and G-CSF are of immediate utility for pulp/dentin regeneration, demonstrating the prerequisites of safety and efficacy critical for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichiro Iohara
- Department of Dental Regenerative Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan
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Sun CK, Leu S, Sheu JJ, Tsai TH, Sung HC, Chen YL, Chung SY, Ko SF, Chang HW, Yip HK. Paradoxical impairment of angiogenesis, endothelial function and circulating number of endothelial progenitor cells in DPP4-deficient rat after critical limb ischemia. Stem Cell Res Ther 2013; 4:31. [PMID: 23517567 PMCID: PMC3706813 DOI: 10.1186/scrt181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction We hypothesized that dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP4) may impair angiogenesis, endothelial function, and the circulating number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) in a model of critical limb ischemia (CLI) through ligating the left femoral artery using DPP4-deficient rats. Methods Adult male DPP4-deficient (DPP4D) rats (n = 18) were equally divided into CLI only (DPP4D-CLI) and CLI treated by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) (DPP4D-CLI-GCSF). For comparison, age-matched wild-type (WT) Fischer 344 rats (n = 18) were randomized into two groups receiving identical treatment compared to their DPP4-deficient counterparts and labeled as WT-CLI (n = 9) and WT-CLI-GCSF (n = 9), respectively. Results The circulating number of EPCs (CD31+, CD34+, CD133, C-kit+) was significantly lower in DPP4-deficient than in WT rats on post-CLI days 1 and 4 (all P < 0.01). The ratio of ischemia/normal blood flow was remarkably lower in DPP4D-CLI-GCSF rats than in WT-CLI-GCSF animals on post-CLI Day 14 (all P < 0.01). Protein expressions of pro-angiogenic factors (endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), CXCR4, SDF-1α, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)) were remarkably higher in WT-CLI than in DPP4D-CLI rats, and higher in WT-CLI-GCSF than in DPP4D-CLI-GCSF animals (all P < 0.01). Moreover, the numbers of small vessel in the ischemic area were substantially higher in WT-CLI-GCSF than in DPP4D-CLI-GCSF rats (P < 0.001). Furthermore, vasorelaxation and nitric oxide production of the normal femoral artery were significantly reduced in DPP4-deficient than in WT Fischer rats (all P < 0.01). Conclusions Contrary to our hypothesis, DPP4-deficient rats were inferior to age-matched WT Fischer rats in terms of angiogenesis, endothelial function, circulating EPC number and response to GCSF, suggesting a positive role of DPP4 in maintaining vascular function and tissue perfusion in this experimental setting.
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Resch T, Pircher A, Kähler CM, Pratschke J, Hilbe W. Endothelial progenitor cells: current issues on characterization and challenging clinical applications. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2012; 8:926-39. [PMID: 22095429 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-011-9332-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Since their discovery about a decade ago, endothelial precursor cells (EPC) have been subjected to intensive investigation. The vision to stimulate respectively suppress a key player of vasculogenesis opened a plethora of clinical applications. However, as research opened deeper insights into EPC biology, the enthusiasm of the pioneer era has been damped in favour of a more critical view. Recent research is focused on three major questions: The fact that the number of EPC in peripheral blood is exceedingly low has consistently raised suspicion whether these cells can plausibly have an impact on physiological or pathophysiological processes. Secondly, whereas the key role of EPC in tumourigenesis has been strongly emphasized by various groups in the past, recent publications are challenging this hypothesis. Thirdly, the lack of consensus on EPC-defining markers and standardized protocols for their detection have repeatedly led to difficulties concerning comparability between papers. In this current review, an overview on recent findings on EPC biology is given, their challenging clinical implications are discussed and the perplexity underlying the current controversial debate is illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Resch
- Center of Operative Medicine, Department of Visceral, Transplant, and Thoracic Surgery, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
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Ravichandran R, Venugopal JR, Sundarrajan S, Mukherjee S, Ramakrishna S. Minimally invasive cell-seeded biomaterial systems for injectable/epicardial implantation in ischemic heart disease. Int J Nanomedicine 2012; 7:5969-94. [PMID: 23271906 PMCID: PMC3526148 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s37575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is characterized by heart-wall thinning, myocyte slippage, and ventricular dilation. The injury to the heart-wall muscle after MI is permanent, as after an abundant cell loss the myocardial tissue lacks the intrinsic capability to regenerate. New therapeutics are required for functional improvement and regeneration of the infarcted myocardium, to overcome harmful diagnosis of patients with heart failure, and to overcome the shortage of heart donors. In the past few years, myocardial tissue engineering has emerged as a new and ambitious approach for treating MI. Several left ventricular assist devices and epicardial patches have been developed for MI. These devices and acellular/cellular cardiac patches are employed surgically and sutured to the epicardial surface of the heart, limiting the region of therapeutic benefit. An injectable system offers the potential benefit of minimally invasive release into the myocardium either to restore the injured extracellular matrix or to act as a scaffold for cell delivery. Furthermore, intramyocardial injection of biomaterials and cells has opened new opportunities to explore and also to augment the potentials of this technique to ease morbidity and mortality rates owing to heart failure. This review summarizes the growing body of literature in the field of myocardial tissue engineering, where biomaterial injection, with or without simultaneous cellular delivery, has been pursued to enhance functional and structural outcomes following MI. Additionally, this review also provides a complete outlook on the tissue-engineering therapies presently being used for myocardial regeneration, as well as some perceptivity into the possible issues that may hinder its progress in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswari Ravichandran
- Healthcare and Energy Materials Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Subramanian Sundarrajan
- Healthcare and Energy Materials Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shayanti Mukherjee
- Healthcare and Energy Materials Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Healthcare and Energy Materials Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Zhao Q, Sun C, Xu X, Zhou J, Wu Y, Tian Y, Ma A, Liu Z. Early use of granulocyte colony stimulating factor improves survival in a rabbit model of chronic myocardial ischemia. J Cardiol 2012; 61:87-94. [PMID: 23085036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2012.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) improves the survival of animals with myocardial infarction by inducing bone marrow stem cell mobilization and homing to infarcted areas. However, its precise mechanisms and direct effects on the ischemic myocardium remain unclear. In this study we investigated the direct effects and mechanisms of G-CSF in a rabbit model of chronic myocardial ischemia. METHODS Myocardial ischemia models were created by partial ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery in Japanese white male rabbits. Rabbits were subcutaneously injected with 10 μg/kg of G-CSF (G-CSF group) or saline (control group) for 6 days after myocardial ischemia. Direct effects of G-CSF were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and terminal dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL). RESULTS Rabbits in the G-CSF group exhibited 75% survival compared to 40% in the control group (p<0.05). Immunohistochemistry of the ischemic myocardium showed increased homing of CD34+ cells on day 7 post-surgery and more vessels on day 28 post-surgery by anti-von Willebrand factor staining in the G-CSF group compared with the control group. Furthermore, an increased percentage of CD34+ cells were observed in peripheral blood and upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in ischemic tissue in the G-CSF group compared with the control group. TUNEL showed that the apoptotic index in the ischemic myocardium decreased in the G-CSF group compared with the control group on day 28 post-surgery. CONCLUSIONS In addition to increasing stem cell mobilization and homing to ischemic myocardium, G-CSF treatment after myocardial ischemia improves survival by accelerating neovascularization and reducing apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingbin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College in Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
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Ravichandran R, Venugopal JR, Sundarrajan S, Mukherjee S, Sridhar R, Ramakrishna S. Minimally invasive injectable short nanofibers of poly(glycerol sebacate) for cardiac tissue engineering. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:385102. [PMID: 22947662 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/38/385102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial tissue lacks the ability to appreciably regenerate itself following myocardial infarction (MI) which ultimately results in heart failure. Current therapies can only retard the progression of disease and hence tissue engineering strategies are required to facilitate the engineering of a suitable biomaterial to repair MI. The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro properties of an injectable biomaterial for the regeneration of infarcted myocardium. Fabrication of core/shell fibers was by co-axial electrospinning, with poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) as core material and poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) as shell material. The PLLA was removed by treatment of the PGS/PLLA core/shell fibers with DCM:hexane (2:1) to obtain PGS short fibers. These PGS short fibers offer the advantage of providing a minimally invasive injectable technique for the regeneration of infarcted myocardium. The scaffolds were characterized by SEM, FTIR and contact angle and cell-scaffold interactions using cardiomyocytes. The results showed that the cardiac marker proteins actinin, troponin, myosin heavy chain and connexin 43 were expressed more on short PGS fibers compared to PLLA nanofibers. We hypothesized that the injection of cells along with short PGS fibers would increase cell transplant retention and survival within the infarct, compared to the standard cell injection system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswari Ravichandran
- Healthcare and Energy Materials Laboratory, Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Initiative, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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Choung MG, Lim JD. Antioxidant, Anticancer and Immune Activation of Anthocyanin Fraction from Rubus coreanus Miquel fruits (Bokbunja). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.7783/kjmcs.2012.20.4.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Yaniz-Galende E, Chen J, Chemaly E, Liang L, Hulot JS, McCollum L, Arias T, Fuster V, Zsebo KM, Hajjar RJ. Stem cell factor gene transfer promotes cardiac repair after myocardial infarction via in situ recruitment and expansion of c-kit+ cells. Circ Res 2012; 111:1434-45. [PMID: 22931954 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.111.263830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE There is growing evidence that the myocardium responds to injury by recruiting c-kit(+) cardiac progenitor cells to the damage tissue. Even though the ability of exogenously introducing c-kit(+) cells to injured myocardium has been established, the capability of recruiting these cells through modulation of local signaling pathways by gene transfer has not been tested. OBJECTIVE To determine whether stem cell factor gene transfer mediates cardiac regeneration in a rat myocardial infarction model, through survival and recruitment of c-kit(+) progenitors and cell-cycle activation in cardiomyocytes, and explore the mechanisms involved. METHODS AND RESULTS Infarct size, cardiac function, cardiac progenitor cells recruitment, fibrosis, and cardiomyocyte cell-cycle activation were measured at different time points in controls (n=10) and upon stem cell factor gene transfer (n=13) after myocardial infarction. We found a regenerative response because of stem cell factor overexpression characterized by an enhancement in cardiac hemodynamic function: an improvement in survival; a reduction in fibrosis, infarct size and apoptosis; an increase in cardiac c-kit(+) progenitor cells recruitment to the injured area; an increase in cardiomyocyte cell-cycle activation; and Wnt/β-catenin pathway induction. CONCLUSIONS Stem cell factor gene transfer induces c-kit(+) stem/progenitor cell expansion in situ and cardiomyocyte proliferation, which may represent a new therapeutic strategy to reverse adverse remodeling after myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Yaniz-Galende
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
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Nagai T, Komuro I. Gene and cytokine therapy for heart failure: molecular mechanisms in the improvement of cardiac function. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2012; 303:H501-12. [PMID: 22777420 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00130.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite significant advances in pharmacological and clinical treatment, heart failure (HF) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Many new therapeutic strategies, including cell transplantation, gene delivery, and cytokines or other small molecules, have been explored to treat HF. Recent advancement of our understanding of the molecules that regulate cardiac function uncover many of the therapeutic key molecules to treat HF. Furthermore, a theory of paracrine mechanism, which underlies the beneficial effects of cell therapy, leads us to search novel target molecules for genetic or pharmacological strategy. Gene therapy means delivery of genetic materials into cells to achieve therapeutic effects. Recently, gene transfer technology in the cardiovascular system has been improved and several therapeutic target genes have been started to examine in clinical research, and some of the promising results have been emerged. Among the various bioactive reagents, cytokines such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and erythropoietin have been well examined, and a number of clinical trials for acute myocardial infarction and chronic HF have been conducted. Although further research is needed in both preclinical and clinical areas in terms of molecular mechanisms, safety, and efficiency, both gene and cytokine therapy have a great possibility to open the new era of the treatment of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshio Nagai
- Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
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Gao XM, White DA, Dart AM, Du XJ. Post-infarct cardiac rupture: Recent insights on pathogenesis and therapeutic interventions. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 134:156-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/20/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Zhang H, Bai H, Yi Z, He X, Mo S. Effect of Stem Cell Factor and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor-Induced Bone Marrow Stem Cell Mobilization on Recovery from Acute Tubular Necrosis in Rats. Ren Fail 2012; 34:350-7. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2011.647340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Uchiyama R, Hasegawa H, Kameda Y, Ueda K, Kobayashi Y, Komuro I, Takano H. Role of regulatory T cells in atheroprotective effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2012; 52:1038-47. [PMID: 22285481 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2011.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We and others have previously reported that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) prevents left ventricular remodeling and dysfunction after myocardial infarction in animal models and human. We have also reported that G-CSF inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis in animal models, but its precise mechanism is still elusive. So, we examined the effects of G-CSF on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice. Twelve-week-old male ApoE(-/-) mice were subcutaneously administrated with 200 μg/kg of G-CSF or saline once a day for 5 consecutive days per a week for 4 weeks. Atherosclerotic lesion of aortic sinus was significantly reduced in the G-CSF-treated mice compared with the saline-treated mice (35% reduction, P<0.05). G-CSF significantly reduced the expression level of interferon-γ by 31% and increased the expression level of interleukin-10 by 20% in atherosclerotic lesions of aortic sinus. G-CSF increased the number of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells in lymph nodes and spleen, and enhanced the suppressive function of regulatory T cells in vitro. G-CSF markedly increased the number of Foxp3-positive regulatory T cells in atherosclerotic lesions of aortic sinus. Administration of anti-CD25 antibody (PC61) that depletes regulatory T cells abrogated these atheroprotective effects of G-CSF. Moreover, in ApoE(-/-)/CD28(-/-) mice, that lack regulatory T cells, the protective effects of G-CSF on atherosclerosis were not recognized. These findings suggest that regulatory T cells play an important role in the atheroprotective effects of G-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raita Uchiyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
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Mohamadpour AH, Moallem SA, Hashemzaei M, Abnous K, Tabatabaee Yazdi SA, Imenshahidi M. Effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on electrocardiogram changes after carbon monoxide poisoning in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2011; 35:353-60. [DOI: 10.3109/01480545.2011.627863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Brunner S, Weinberger T, Huber BC, Segeth A, Zaruba MM, Theiss HD, Assmann G, Herbach N, Wanke R, Mueller-Hoecker J, Franz WM. The cardioprotective effects of parathyroid hormone are independent of endogenous granulocyte-colony stimulating factor release. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 93:330-9. [PMID: 22080594 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration after myocardial infarction (MI) is known to attenuate ischaemic cardiomyopathy. This effect mainly resulted from an increase in mobilization and homing of CD34+/CD45+ cells into the ischaemic myocardium. PTH-related stem cell mobilization was shown to be related to endogenous granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) release. The aim of our study is to determine the role of G-CSF on the cardioprotective effects of PTH. METHODS AND RESULTS G-CSF +/+ (C57BL/6) and G-CSF -/- mice were treated with PTH for 6 days after inducing a MI. The myocardial homing factor stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) was analysed on day 2 with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Stem cell populations in peripheral blood and hearts were examined by FACS on days 6 and 2, respectively. Cardiac function and immunohistochemistry were investigated on day 6 and day 30. PTH treatment resulted in a significant increase in CD45+/CD34+ cells in peripheral blood in G-CSF +/+ but not in G-CSF -/- mice. However, a significant increase in SDF-1 and enhanced migration of CD45+/CD34+ cells into the ischaemic myocardium was revealed after PTH administration in both G-CSF +/+ and G-CSF -/- mice. Enhanced stem cell homing was associated with improved cardiac function and post-MI survival after PTH treatment. Furthermore, infarct size, wall thickness, and neovascularization showed a significant improvement in both groups 30 days after MI. CONCLUSION The cardioprotective effects of PTH were shown to be independent of endogenous G-CSF release and therefore from stem cell mobilization. This puts more emphasis on the role of stem cell homing into ischaemic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Brunner
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Campus Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
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Interleukin-2 enhances angiogenesis and preserves cardiac function following myocardial infarction. Cytokine 2011; 56:732-8. [PMID: 22004921 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2011.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2011] [Revised: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that injection of IL-2-activated natural killer (NK) cells contribute to vascular remodeling via a4b7 integrin and killer cell lectin-like receptor (KLRG) 1 and promote cardiac repair following myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of the present study is to test the hypothesis that injection of recombinant human interleukin (rhIL)-2 improves angiogenesis and preserves heart function after MI. A single IV injection of rhIL-2 two days following MI improved by 27.7% the left ventricular (LV) fractional shortening of immune competent (C57Bl6) mice, but had no effect on cardiac function of immune-deficient (NOD-SCID IL2Rγnull) mice. Immunohistochemical analysis of C57Bl6 cross sections of heart revealed that collagen deposition was reduced by 23.1% and that capillary density was enhanced in the scar area and the border zone of the infarct respectively by 22.4% and 33.6% following rhIL-2 injection. In addition, rhIL-2 enhanced 1.6-fold the in vivo endothelial cell proliferation index and 1.8-fold the number of NK cell infiltrating the infarcted heart, but had no effect on the number of cardiac CD4 and CD8 cells. In vitro, rhIL-2 activated NK cells enhanced cardiac endothelial cell proliferation by 17.2%. Here we show that a single IV injection of rhIL-2 positively impacted cardiac function by improving angiogenesis through a process involving NK cells.
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Sanganalmath SK, Abdel-Latif A, Bolli R, Xuan YT, Dawn B. Hematopoietic cytokines for cardiac repair: mobilization of bone marrow cells and beyond. Basic Res Cardiol 2011; 106:709-33. [PMID: 21541807 PMCID: PMC4281455 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-011-0183-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Revised: 04/11/2011] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic cytokines, traditionally known to influence cellular proliferation, differentiation, maturation, and lineage commitment in the bone marrow, include granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, stem cell factor, Flt-3 ligand, and erythropoietin among others. Emerging evidence suggests that these cytokines also exert multifarious biological effects on diverse nonhematopoietic organs and tissues. Although the precise mechanisms remain unclear, numerous studies in animal models of myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure indicate that hematopoietic cytokines confer potent cardiovascular benefits, possibly through mobilization and subsequent homing of bone marrow-derived cells into the infarcted heart with consequent induction of myocardial repair involving multifarious mechanisms. In addition, these cytokines are also known to exert direct cytoprotective effects. However, results from small-scale clinical trials of G-CSF therapy as a single agent after acute MI have been discordant and largely disappointing. It is likely that cardiac repair following cytokine therapy depends on a number of known and unknown variables, and further experimental and clinical studies are certainly warranted to accurately determine the true therapeutic potential of such therapy. In this review, we discuss the biological features of several key hematopoietic cytokines and present the basic and clinical evidence pertaining to cardiac repair with hematopoietic cytokine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K. Sanganalmath
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Rm. 1001 Eaton, MS 3006, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Ahmed Abdel-Latif
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Roberto Bolli
- Institute of Molecular Cardiology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Yu-Ting Xuan
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Rm. 1001 Eaton, MS 3006, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Buddhadeb Dawn
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Rm. 1001 Eaton, MS 3006, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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Louzada RAN, Werneck-de-Castro JPS. Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor in the Treatment of Cardiac Ischemic Disease. A Decade has Passed: Is it Time to Give Up? Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2011; 25:191-5. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-011-6308-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor treatment ameliorates liver injury and improves survival in rats with D-galactosamine-induced acute liver failure. Toxicol Lett 2011; 204:92-9. [PMID: 21550386 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 04/14/2011] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Only liver transplantation is currently available therapy for the patients with acute liver failure (ALF). This study was designed to determine whether administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has therapeutic efficacy in animals with ALF. Female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of d-galactosamine (d-GalN, 1.4g/kg) to induce ALF. After 2h, the rats were randomized to receive G-CSF (50μg/kg/day), or saline vehicle injection for 5 days. Rats were observed for survival and assessed for liver injury by serum alanine transaminase (ALT) measurement and histological analysis. CD34+ cells in bone marrow were assessed by flow cytometry. CD34+ cells and Ki-67+ hepatocytes in liver tissue were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. In the ALF model, 5-day survival after d-GalN injection was 33.3% (10/30), while G-CSF administration following d-GalN resulted in 53.3% (16/30) survival (p=0.027). G-CSF treated rats had lower ALT level and less hepatic injury compared with saline vehicle rats. The increases of CD34+ cells in bone marrow and liver tissue and Ki-67+ cells in liver tissue in G-CSF treated rats were higher than those in saline rats. No correlation was observed between CD34+ cells and Ki-67+ hepatocytes in liver tissue in both G-CSF and vehicle rats. It is suggested that G-CSF increases survival rate, decreases liver injury and enhances hepatocyte proliferation in rats with d-GalN-induced ALF possibly through actions including but not limiting to CD34+ cell mobilization, and that G-CSF may be of potential value in treating ALF.
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Disassociation Between Left Ventricular Mechanical and Electrical Properties in Ischemic Rat Heart After G-CSF Treatment. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2011; 25:203-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s10557-011-6294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Lian WS, Lin H, Cheng WT, Kikuchi T, Cheng CF. Granulocyte-CSF induced inflammation-associated cardiac thrombosis in iron loading mouse heart and can be attenuated by statin therapy. J Biomed Sci 2011; 18:26. [PMID: 21496220 PMCID: PMC3095536 DOI: 10.1186/1423-0127-18-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 04/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a hematopoietic cytokine, was recently used to treat patients of acute myocardial infarction with beneficial effect. However, controversy exists as some patients developed re-stenosis and worsened condition post G-CSF delivery. This study presents a new disease model to study G-CSF induced cardiac thrombosis and delineate its possible mechanism. We used iron loading to mimic condition of chronic cardiac dysfunction and apply G-CSF to mice to test our hypothesis. Methods and Results Eleven out of fifteen iron and G-CSF treated mice (I+G) showed thrombi formation in the left ventricular chamber with impaired cardiac function. Histological analysis revealed endothelial fibrosis, increased macrophage infiltration and tissue factor expression in the I+G mice hearts. Simvastatin treatment to I+G mice attenuated their cardiac apoptosis, iron deposition, and abrogated thrombus formation by attenuating systemic inflammation and leukocytosis, which was likely due to the activation of pAKT activation. However, thrombosis in I+G mice could not be suppressed by platelet receptor inhibitor, tirofiban. Conclusions Our disease model demonstrated that G-CSF induces cardiac thrombosis through an inflammation-thrombosis interaction and this can be attenuated via statin therapy. Present study provides a mechanism and potential therapy for G-CSF induced cardiac thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei S Lian
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Li N, Zhang L, Li H, Fang B. Administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ameliorates radiation-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice. Transplant Proc 2011; 42:3833-9. [PMID: 21094866 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2010.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the recent report that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment significantly improves survival and liver histology among chemically injured mice, we investigated whether G-CSF administration could contribute to faster recovery and promote tissue repair after local liver irradiation. Bone marrow chimeric female C57BL/6 mice were treated with G-CSF at days 7, 14, and 21 after local liver irradiation. We assessed the fibrosis index and the origin of proliferating cells reconstituting the liver at 2 or 5 weeks after radiation challenge. At day 35 after local irradiation, we observed G-CSF treatment to significantly reduce radiation-induced liver damage and collagen deposition. In addition, hepatic hydroxyproline levels and serum fibrosis markers in mice receiving G-CSF administration after radiation challenge were significantly lower compared with those of control mice. More importantly, histological examination suggested that recovery from hepatic damage was much better among the G-CSF-treated mice. Immunofluorescence and fluorescence in situ hybridization analyses revealed that donor cells engrafted into the host liver displayed epithelium-like morphology and expressed albumin, albeit at low frequency. These results suggested that G-CSF treatment initiated endogenous hepatic tissue regeneration in response to radiation injury and ameliorated its fibrogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Li
- Henan Key Laboratory for Experimental Hematology, Henan Institute of Haematology, Henan Tumor Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou 450008, China
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Senior JM, Saldarriaga C, Francisco CA, Gómez JD, Jaimes F. Comparación de la eficacia y seguridad de la terapia combinada de cardiomioplastia celular con el factor estimulante de colonias de granulocitos en pacientes con cardiopatía isquémica en dos vías de implatación. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE CARDIOLOGÍA 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0120-5633(11)70173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Huber BC, Brunner S, Segeth A, Nathan P, Fischer R, Zaruba MM, Vallaster M, Theiss HD, David R, Gerbitz A, Franz WM. Parathyroid hormone is a DPP-IV inhibitor and increases SDF-1-driven homing of CXCR4(+) stem cells into the ischaemic heart. Cardiovasc Res 2011; 90:529-37. [PMID: 21245057 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvr014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Parathyroid hormone (PTH) has been shown to promote stem cell mobilization into peripheral blood. Moreover, PTH treatment after myocardial infarction (MI) improved survival and myocardial function associated with enhanced homing of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMCs). To unravel the molecular mechanisms of PTH-mediated stem cell trafficking, we analysed wild-type (wt) and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic mice after MI with respect to the pivotal stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) axis. METHODS AND RESULTS WT and GFP-transgenic mice (C57BL/6J) were infarcted by coronary artery ligation and PTH (80 μg/kg/day) was injected for 6 days afterwards. Number of BMCs was analysed by flow cytometry. SDF-1 protein levels and activity of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) were investigated by ELISA and activity assay. Functional analyses were performed at day 30 after MI. PTH-treated animals revealed an enhanced homing of CXCR4(+) BMCs associated with an increased protein level of the corresponding homing factor SDF-1 in the ischaemic heart. In vitro and in vivo, PTH inhibited the activity of DPP-IV, which cleaves and inactivates SDF-1. Functionally, PTH significantly improved myocardial function after MI. Both stem cell homing as well as functional recovery were reversed by the CXCR4 antagonist AMD3100. CONCLUSION In summary, PTH is a DPP-IV inhibitor leading to an increased cardiac SDF-1 level, which enhances recruitment of CXCR4(+) BMCs into the ischaemic heart associated with attenuated ischaemic cardiomyopathy. Since PTH is already clinically used our findings may have direct impact on the initiation of studies in patients with ischaemic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno C Huber
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistr. 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany
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