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Gawronska-Kozak B, Machcinska-Zielinska S, Walendzik K, Kopcewicz M, Pääkkönen M, Wisniewska J. Hypoxia and Foxn1 alter the proteomic signature of dermal fibroblasts to redirect scarless wound healing to scar-forming skin wound healing in Foxn1 -/- mice. BMC Biol 2024; 22:193. [PMID: 39256768 PMCID: PMC11389453 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01990-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foxn1-/- deficient mice are a rare model of regenerative skin wound healing among mammals. In wounded skin, the transcription factor Foxn1 interacting with hypoxia-regulated factors affects re-epithelialization, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT) reestablishment and is thus a factor regulating scar-forming/reparative healing. Here, we hypothesized that transcriptional crosstalk between Foxn1 and Hif-1α controls the switch from scarless (regenerative) to scar-present (reparative) skin wound healing. To verify this hypothesis, we examined (i) the effect of hypoxia/normoxia and Foxn1 signalling on the proteomic signature of Foxn1-/- (regenerative) dermal fibroblasts (DFs) and then (ii) explored the effect of Hif-1α or Foxn1/Hif-1α introduced by a lentiviral (LV) delivery vector to injured skin of regenerative Foxn1-/- mice with particular attention to the remodelling phase of healing. RESULTS We showed that hypoxic conditions and Foxn1 stimulation modified the proteome of Foxn1-/- DFs. Hypoxic conditions upregulated DF protein profiles, particularly those related to extracellular matrix (ECM) composition: plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (Pai-1), Sdc4, Plod2, Plod1, Lox, Loxl2, Itga2, Vldlr, Ftl1, Vegfa, Hmox1, Fth1, and F3. We found that Pai-1 was stimulated by hypoxic conditions in regenerative Foxn1-/- DFs but was released by DFs to the culture media exclusively upon hypoxia and Foxn1 stimulation. We also found higher levels of Pai-1 protein in DFs isolated from Foxn1+/+ mice (reparative/scar-forming) than in DFs isolated from Foxn1-/- (regenerative/scarless) mice and triggered by injury increase in Foxn1 and Pai-1 protein in the skin of mice with active Foxn1 (Foxn1+/+ mice). Then, we demonstrated that the introduction of Foxn1 and Hif-1α via lentiviral injection into the wounded skin of regenerative Foxn1-/- mice activates reparative/scar-forming healing by increasing the wounded skin area and decreasing hyaluronic acid deposition and the collagen type III to I ratio. We also identified a stimulatory effect of LV-Foxn1 + LV-Hif-1α injection in the wounded skin of Foxn1-/- mice on Pai-1 protein levels. CONCLUSIONS The present data highlight the effect of hypoxia and Foxn1 on the protein profile and functionality of regenerative Foxn1-/- DFs and demonstrate that the introduction of Foxn1 and Hif-1α into the wounded skin of regenerative Foxn1-/- mice activates reparative/scar-forming healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Gawronska-Kozak
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Machcinska-Zielinska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Walendzik
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Kopcewicz
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mirva Pääkkönen
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6, Biocity 5 Floor, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Joanna Wisniewska
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ul. Tuwima 10, 10-748, Olsztyn, Poland
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Liu Y, Chen L, Zhang S, Wang X, Song Y, Sun H, Cai Z, Wang L. Do wearing masks and preservatives have a combined effect on skin health? ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2024; 3:107-115. [PMID: 38445214 PMCID: PMC10912353 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Chemical exposure and local hypoxia caused by mask-wearing may result in skin physiology changes. The effects of methylparaben (MeP), a commonly used preservative in personal care products, and hypoxia on skin health were investigated by HaCaT cell and ICR mouse experiments. MeP exposure resulted in lipid peroxidation and interfered with cellular glutathione metabolism, while hypoxia treatment disturbed phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathways and energy metabolism to respond to oxidative stress. A hypoxic environment increased the perturbation of MeP on the purine metabolism in HaCaT cells, resulting in increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines. The synergistic effects were further validated in a mouse model with MeP dermal exposure and "mask-wearing" treatment. CAT, PPARG, and MMP2 were identified as possible key gene targets associated with skin health risks posed by MeP and hypoxia. Network toxicity analysis suggested a synergistic effect, indicating the risk of skin inflammation and skin barrier aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Leijian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Lei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Shen J, Wang Y, Zheng F, Cao S, Lan Q, Xu K, Pan B. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor regulates IL-22 receptor expression on thymic epithelial cell and accelerates thymus regeneration. NPJ Regen Med 2023; 8:64. [PMID: 37938575 PMCID: PMC10632505 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-023-00339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving regeneration of damaged thymus is important for reconstituting T-cell immunity. Interleukin-22 (IL-22) was proved to improve thymus regeneration through recovering thymic epithelial cells (TECs). The IL-22 receptor IL-22RA1 is crucial for mediating IL-22 functions. Mechanism that regulates IL-22RA1 expression is unknown. Through using TECs-conditional knockout mice, we found aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is important for thymus regeneration, because Foxn1-cre-mediated AHR knockout (AhrKO) significantly blocks recovery of thymus cells. Giving mice the AHR inhibitor CH-223191 or the AHR agonist FICZ blocks or accelerates thymus regeneration, respectively. AhrKO-mediated blockade of thymus regeneration could not be rescued by giving exogenous IL-22. Mechanistically, AhrKO mice shows decreased IL-22RA1 expression. In the murine TECs cell line mTEC1 cells, targeting AHR shows an impact on IL-22RA1 mRNA levels. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays, we find AHR co-operates with STAT3, binds the promotor region of IL-22RA1 gene and transcriptionally increases IL-22RA1 expression in mTEC1 cells. Foxn1-cre-mediated IL-22RA1 knockout (Il22ra1KO) blocks thymus regeneration after irradiation. Furthermore, targeting AHR or IL-22RA1 has significant impacts on severity of murine chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), which is an autoimmune-like complication following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Giving FICZ decreases cGVHD, whereas Il22ra1KO exacerbates cGVHD. The impacts on cGVHD are associated with thymus regeneration and T-cell immune reconstitution. In conclusion, we report an unrecognized function of TECs-expressed AHR in thymus regeneration and AHR transcriptionally regulates IL-22RA1 expression, which have implications for improving thymus regeneration and controlling cGVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Shen
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Shuo Cao
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Qiu Lan
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
| | - Bin Pan
- Blood Diseases Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221002, China.
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Walendzik K, Kopcewicz M, Wiśniewska J, Opyd P, Machcińska-Zielińska S, Gawrońska-Kozak B. Dermal white adipose tissue development and metabolism: The role of transcription factor Foxn1. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23171. [PMID: 37682531 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300873rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Intradermal adipocytes form dermal white adipose tissue (dWAT), a unique fat depot localized in the lower layer of the dermis. However, recognition of molecular factors regulating dWAT development, homeostasis, and bioactivity is limited. Using Foxn1-/- and Foxn1+/+ mice, we demonstrated that epidermally expressed Foxn1 regulates dWAT development and defines the adipogenic capacity of dermal fibroblasts. In intact and post-wounded skin, Foxn1 contributes to the initial stimulation of dWAT adipogenesis and participates in the modulation of lipid metabolism processes. Furthermore, Foxn1 activity strengthens adipogenic processes through Bmp2 and Igf2 signaling and regulates lipid metabolism in differentiated dermal fibroblasts. The results reveal the contribution of Foxn1 to dWAT metabolism, thus identifying possible targets for modulation and regulation of dWAT in physiological and pathological processes in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Walendzik
- Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marta Kopcewicz
- Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Wiśniewska
- Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Paulina Opyd
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwia Machcińska-Zielińska
- Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Barbara Gawrońska-Kozak
- Biological Function of Food, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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Chen Z, Lu Q, Cao X, Wang K, Wang Y, Wu Y, Yang Z. Lead exposure promotes the inflammation via the circRNA-05280/miR-146a/IRAK1 axis in mammary gland. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114204. [PMID: 36274319 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lead, the most widely used heavy metal in industry, is detrimental to human health if exposed to living and occupational environment. Although several studies have been conducted on lead exposure, little has been reported on its harm to mammary gland and its mechanisms. In view of this, our study is the first to verify that lead exposure could promote apoptosis and inflammation in mouse mammary tissue (in vivo) and cow mammary epithelial cells (in vitro). After establishing a lead exposed mouse model, the expression profile of mammary gland tissue was constructed by high-throughput sequencing technology. In the profile, 917 differentially expressed genes were screened, of which IRAK1 was up-regulated by 4.33 times. Then, from qRT-PCR, Western blot and Luciferase report, IRAK1 was found to promote the release of inflammatory factors and tissue apoptosis and could be a specific target of miR-146a. On the other hand, double luciferase reporter system and qRT-PCR predicted the existence of a binding site between circRNA-05280 and miR-146a sequence. Experiments such as immunohistochemistry, apoptosis and EdU demonstrated that circRNA-05280 could promote not only cell apoptosis but also the expression level of inflammatory genes. Nevertheless, the function of miR-146a is opposite to that of circRNA-05280. Specifically, circRNA-05280 can regulate the level of apoptosis and inflammation of mammary gland by binding miR-146a and releasing the expression of miR-146a on target gene IRAK1. This study concludes that circRNA-05280/ miR-146a/ IRAK1 signaling pathway could mediate the mammary gland damage resulting from lead exposure. Accordingly, it sheds new light on further exploration of molecular mechanisms of mammary gland tissue damage caused by lead exposure, the risk assessment of lead, and the mechanism of lead mammary gland toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - QinYue Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Xiang Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - YuHao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Yanni Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China
| | - Zhangping Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, PR China.
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Leroux S, Rodriguez-Duboc A, Arabo A, Basille-Dugay M, Vaudry D, Burel D. Intermittent hypoxia in a mouse model of apnea of prematurity leads to a retardation of cerebellar development and long-term functional deficits. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:148. [PMID: 36068642 PMCID: PMC9450451 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00869-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Apnea of prematurity (AOP) is caused by respiratory control immaturity and affects nearly 50% of premature newborns. This pathology induces perinatal intermittent hypoxia (IH), which leads to neurodevelopmental disorders. The impact on the brain has been well investigated. However, despite its functional importance and immaturity at birth, the involvement of the cerebellum remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effects of IH on cerebellar development using a mouse model of AOP consisting of repeated 2-min cycles of hypoxia and reoxygenation over 6 h and for 10 days starting on postnatal day 2 (P2). Results At P12, IH-mice cerebella present higher oxidative stress associated with delayed maturation of the cerebellar cortex and decreased dendritic arborization of Purkinje cells. Moreover, mice present with growth retardation and motor disorders. In response to hypoxia, the developing cerebellum triggers compensatory mechanisms resulting in the unaltered organization of the cortical layers from P21 onwards. Nevertheless, some abnormalities remain in adult Purkinje cells, such as the dendritic densification, the increase in afferent innervation, and axon hypomyelination. Moreover, this compensation seems insufficient to allow locomotor recovery because adult mice still show motor impairment and significant disorders in spatial learning. Conclusions All these findings indicate that the cerebellum is a target of intermittent hypoxia through alterations of developmental mechanisms leading to long-term functional deficits. Thus, the cerebellum could contribute, like others brain structures, to explaining the pathophysiology of AOP. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13578-022-00869-5.
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