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Labarrere CA, Dabiri AE, Kassab GS. Thrombogenic and Inflammatory Reactions to Biomaterials in Medical Devices. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:123. [PMID: 32226783 PMCID: PMC7080654 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood-contacting medical devices of different biomaterials are often used to treat various cardiovascular diseases. Thrombus formation is a common cause of failure of cardiovascular devices. Currently, there are no clinically available biomaterials that can totally inhibit thrombosis under the more challenging environments (e.g., low flow in the venous system). Although some biomaterials reduce protein adsorption or cell adhesion, the issue of biomaterial associated with thrombosis and inflammation still exists. To better understand how to develop more thrombosis-resistant medical devices, it is essential to understand the biology and mechano-transduction of thrombus nucleation and progression. In this review, we will compare the mechanisms of thrombus development and progression in the arterial and venous systems. We will address various aspects of thrombosis, starting with biology of thrombosis, mathematical modeling to integrate the mechanism of thrombosis, and thrombus formation on medical devices. Prevention of these problems requires a multifaceted approach that involves more effective and safer thrombolytic agents but more importantly the development of novel thrombosis-resistant biomaterials mimicking the biological characteristics of the endothelium and extracellular matrix tissues that also ameliorate the development and the progression of chronic inflammation as part of the processes associated with the detrimental generation of late thrombosis and neo-atherosclerosis. Until such developments occur, engineers and clinicians must work together to develop devices that require minimal anticoagulants and thrombolytics to mitigate thrombosis and inflammation without causing serious bleeding side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali E Dabiri
- California Medical Innovations Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Ghassan S Kassab
- California Medical Innovations Institute, San Diego, CA, United States
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Kobayashi S, Wakui M, Iwata Y, Tanaka M. Poly(ω-methoxyalkyl acrylate)s: Nonthrombogenic Polymer Family with Tunable Protein Adsorption. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:4214-4223. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kobayashi
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, CE41
744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Miyuki Wakui
- Department
of Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Yukihisa Iwata
- Department
of Biochemical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Institute
for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, CE41
744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Jaffer IH, Fredenburgh JC, Hirsh J, Weitz JI. Medical device-induced thrombosis: what causes it and how can we prevent it? J Thromb Haemost 2015; 13 Suppl 1:S72-81. [PMID: 26149053 DOI: 10.1111/jth.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Blood-contacting medical devices, such as vascular grafts, stents, heart valves, and catheters, are often used to treat cardiovascular diseases. Thrombus formation is a common cause of failure of these devices. This study (i) examines the interface between devices and blood, (ii) reviews the pathogenesis of clotting on blood-contacting medical devices, (iii) describes contemporary methods to prevent thrombosis on blood-contacting medical devices, (iv) explains why some anticoagulants are better than others for prevention of thrombosis on medical devices, and (v) identifies future directions in biomaterial research for prevention of thrombosis on blood-contacting medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- I H Jaffer
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J C Fredenburgh
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J Hirsh
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - J I Weitz
- Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Cui Z, Gilda JE, Gomes AV. Crude and purified proteasome activity assays are affected by type of microplate. Anal Biochem 2013; 446:44-52. [PMID: 24141075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of proteasome activity is fast becoming a commonly used assay in many laboratories. The most common method to measure proteasome activity involves measuring the release of fluorescent tags from peptide substrates in black microplates. Comparisons of black plates used for measuring fluorescence with different properties show that the microplate properties significantly affect the measured activities of the proteasome. The microplate that gave the highest reading of trypsin-like activity of the purified 20S proteasome gave the lowest reading of chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome. Plates with medium binding surfaces from two different companies showed an approximately 2-fold difference in caspase-like activity for purified 20S proteasomes. Even standard curves generated using free 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin (AMC) were affected by the microplate used. As such, significantly different proteasome activities, as measured in nmol AMC released/mg/min, were obtained for purified 20S proteasomes as well as crude heart and liver samples when using different microplates. The naturally occurring molecule betulinic acid activated the chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity in three different plates but did not affect the proteasome activity in the nonbinding surface microplate. These findings suggest that the type of proteasome activity being measured and sample type are important when selecting a microplate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyou Cui
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jennifer E Gilda
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Aldrin V Gomes
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology, and Behavior, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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Jordan SW, Chaikof EL. Novel thromboresistant materials. J Vasc Surg 2007; 45 Suppl A:A104-15. [PMID: 17544031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2007.02.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2007] [Accepted: 02/17/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of a clinically durable small-diameter vascular graft as well as permanently implantable biosensors and artificial organ systems that interface with blood, including the artificial heart, kidney, liver, and lung, remain limited by surface-induced thrombotic responses. Recent breakthroughs in materials science, along with a growing understanding of the molecular events that underlay thrombosis, has led to the design and clinical evaluation of a variety of biologically active coatings that inhibit components of the coagulation pathway and platelet responses by surface immobilization or controlled release of bioactive agents. This report reviews recent progress in generating synthetic thromboresistant surfaces that inhibit (1) protein and cell adsorption, (2) thrombin and fibrin formation, and (3) platelet activation and aggregation.
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Casford MTL, Davies PB, Neivandt DJ. Adsorption of sodium dodecyl sulfate at the hydrophobic solid/aqueous solution interface in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol): dependence upon polymer molecular weight. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2006; 22:3105-11. [PMID: 16548564 DOI: 10.1021/la052271z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The polar orientation and degree of conformational order of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) adsorbed at the hydrophobic octadecanethiol/aqueous solution interface in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) has been investigated as a function of the surfactant concentration and the molecular weight of the polymer. Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was employed to obtain spectra of interfacial surfactant; weak SFG signals from interfacial polymer were also detected for polymer molecular weights of 900 and above. The phase of the SFG spectra indicated that both the surfactant and polymer had a net orientation of their CH2 and/or CH3 groups toward the hydrophobic surface. Spectra of SDS in the presence of mixed polymer/surfactant solutions showed increasing conformational order as the surfactant concentration was raised. At the lowest surfactant concentrations, the spectra of SDS were weaker in the presence of the polymer than in its absence. All PEG molecular weights investigated, with the exception of PEG 400, gave rise to significant inhibition of ordered surfactant adsorption below the critical micelle concentration. The greatest inhibitory effect was noted for PEG 900. Probing interfacial PEG specifically through the use of perdeuterated SDS revealed that the polymer spectral intensity decreased monotonically as the surfactant concentration was increased for all polymer molecular weights where a PEG spectrum was apparent. These findings are interpreted in terms of the displacement of preadsorbed polymer as the surfactant concentration increases. This result is compatible with observations of adsorption from SDS/PEG solutions at solid/solution and solution/air interfaces made using other techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T L Casford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Rd., Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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Chang SJ, Lee CH, Hsu CY, Wang YJ. Biocompatible microcapsules with enhanced mechanical strength. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 2002; 59:118-26. [PMID: 11745544 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.1223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A block copolymer, (short-chain alginate)-co-MPEG, was synthesized and used for coating the capsular membranes of the photosensitive microcapsules. The resulted microcapsules exhibited an excellent mechanical strength. The permeability test results revealed that the capsular membrane was freely permeable to cytochrome C and myoglobin, less permeable to serum albumin, and almost impermeable to IgG. In the cell attachment test, the results showed that the surface formed by (short-chain alginate)-co-MPEG copolymer could effectively reduce cell adhesion as compared to poly(L-lysine) and alginate. The microcapsules were evaluated by intraperitoneal implantation experiment of mice. The results demonstrated that microcapsules coated with (short-chain alginate)-co-MPEG were more biocompatible than the conventional alginate/PLL/alginate microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwu Jen Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University, Shih Pai, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Jenney CR, Anderson JM. Effects of surface-coupled polyethylene oxide on human macrophage adhesion and foreign body giant cell formationin vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199902)44:2%3c206::aid-jbm11%3e3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Jenney CR, Anderson JM. Effects of surface-coupled polyethylene oxide on human macrophage adhesion and foreign body giant cell formation in vitro. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH 1999; 44:206-16. [PMID: 10397922 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-4636(199902)44:2<206::aid-jbm11>3.0.co;2-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Surface immobilized polyethylene oxide (PEO) has been shown to efficiently reduce protein adsorption and cellular adhesion, resulting in a biologically passive surface. To explore the in vitro effects of surface immobilized PEO on the human inflammatory cells, macrophages, and foreign body giant cells (FBGCs), we developed a diisocyanate-based method for coupling PEO to amine-modified glass, a surface previously shown to enhance macrophage adhesion and FBGC formation. Contact angle analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of PEO molecules bound to the surface and revealed that PEO molecular weight significantly influenced the efficiency of PEO coupling. We used a 10-day human monocyte culture protocol to demonstrate that the presence of surface coupled PEO molecules does not significantly decrease initial monocyte density or monocyte-derived macrophage density after 3 days. However, PEO-coupled surfaces significantly reduced long-term monocyte-derived macrophage density and virtually eliminated interleukin-4-induced FBGC formation observed at day 10. The cellular response to these PEO-coupled surfaces was related to the molecular weight of the PEO chains, which was varied between 200 Da and 18.5 kDa. These results suggest that an optimized PEO surface treatment may be effective in reducing inflammatory cell adhesion and possible degradation during the inflammatory response to an implanted biomedical device.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R Jenney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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