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Ogawa T, Castelo-Branco L, Hatta K, Usui C. Association Between Step Count Measured With a Smartphone App (Pain-Note) and Pain Level in Patients With Chronic Pain: Observational Study. JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e23657. [PMID: 35384846 PMCID: PMC9021942 DOI: 10.2196/23657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic pain is the leading cause of disability, affecting between 20% and 50% of the global population. The key recommended treatment is physical activity, which can be measured in daily life using a pedometer. However, poor adherence to pedometer use can result in incorrect measurements. Furthermore, only a few studies have investigated a possible curvilinear association between physical activity and chronic pain. Objective In this study, we developed the Pain-Note smartphone app to collect real-world data on step count, using the smartphone’s built-in pedometer. The aims of our research are (1) to evaluate the association between daily step count and pain level among patients with chronic pain and (2) determine if the association between daily step count and pain level was curvilinear. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study based on step count data collected with the app and on the results of questionnaires, which measured the duration and intensity of pain, the widespread pain index, the symptom severity score, and the insomnia severity scale, including 7 questions for symptoms of depression. We analyzed the association between step count and pain level as a nonlinear relationship using a restricted cubic spline model. A prespecified subgroup analysis was also conducted based on fibromyalgia criteria. Results Between June 1, 2018, and June 11, 2020, a total of 6138 records were identified, of which 1273 were analyzed. The mean age of the participants was 38.7 years, 81.9% (1043/1273) were female, and chronic pain was present for more than 5 years in 43.2% (550/1273) of participants. Participants in the third and fourth quartiles for step count (more than 3045 and 5668 steps a day, respectively) showed a significant positive association between higher step count and lower numerical pain rating scale (mean difference –0.43, 95% CI –0.78 to –0.08, P=.02; –0.45; 95% CI –0.8 to –0.1, P=.01, respectively) than those in the first quartile (less than or equal to 1199 steps a day). The restricted cubic spline model for the association between step count and pain scale displayed a steep decline followed by a moderate decrease as the step count increased; the inflection point was 5000 steps. However, this association was not observed among participants who met the fibromyalgia criteria (491/1273), who showed a steep positive increase below 2000 steps. Data were collected between June 1, 2018, and June 11, 2020, and were analyzed on November 18, 2021. Conclusions Step count measured with the Pain-Note app showed a nonlinear association with pain level. Although participants with and without fibromyalgia showed a negative correlation between step count and pain level, participants who meet the criteria for fibromyalgia may present a different relationship between walking and pain perception compared to those in the general chronic pain population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahisa Ogawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Luis Castelo-Branco
- Neuromodulation Center, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kotaro Hatta
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chie Usui
- Department of Psychiatry, Juntendo University Nerima Hospital, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Sitthipornvorakul E, Waongenngarm P, Lohsoonthorn V, Janwantanakul P. Is the number of daily walking steps in sedentary workers affected by age, gender, body mass index, education, and overall energy expenditure? Work 2021; 66:637-644. [PMID: 32623424 DOI: 10.3233/wor-203206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy adults should take 10,000 steps per day to gain the resulting health benefits. Knowledge regarding the individual characteristics associated with daily walking steps would enhance resource allocation to those most likely to benefit from the 10,000-steps-per-day campaign. OBJECTIVE To determine the extent to which age, gender, body mass index (BMI), education, and energy expenditure influence daily walking steps in white-collar workers and to assess the correlation of daily walking steps among pedometer, wristband activity tracker, and smartphone application. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 49 sedentary workers. Daily walking steps were simultaneously assessed by three activity trackers in free-living conditions for 7 consecutive days. Associations between daily walking steps and individual factors were examined using linear regression. Correlation tests were conducted to assess the association among the three devices. RESULTS Multiple regression analyses showed that BMI was associated with daily walking steps. A moderate to good correlation in daily walking steps was found between the wristband activity tracker and pedometer, as well as between the smartphone application and pedometer. CONCLUSIONS BMI influenced daily walking steps in white-collar workers. Daily walking steps assessed by the wristband activity tracker and smartphone application differed from those assessed by the pedometer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekalak Sitthipornvorakul
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pooriput Waongenngarm
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vitool Lohsoonthorn
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prawit Janwantanakul
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Hsu CY, Wu HH, Liao HE, Liao TH, Su SC, Lin PS. Self-monitored versus supervised walking programs for older adults. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e25561. [PMID: 33879709 PMCID: PMC8078256 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000025561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Walking is an effective, well accepted, inexpensive, and functional intervention. This study compared the outcomes and changes in walking behavior of self-monitored (SM) and supervised (SU) walking interventions for older adults.Participants were assigned to SM (n = 21) and SU (n = 21) walking groups according to their place of residence. Both groups exercised and wore a pedometer for 3 months.The outcome measures were step count, body mass index (BMI), and physical function. Two-way repeated-measure ANOVA and independent t tests were used to compare the intervention effects. We also plotted the trends and analyzed the walking steps weekly.Only BMI exhibited a group × time interaction. The pre-posttest differences showed knee extension muscle strength (KEMS) and Timed Up and Go test were significantly improved in the SM group, whereas BMI, KEMS, 30-s sit-to-stand, functional reach were significantly improved, but 5-m gait speed significantly slower in the SU group. For participants attending ≥50% of the sessions, those in the SM and SU groups had similar results for all variables, except for 2-min step (2MS) and daily walking step counts.Both self-monitored and supervised walking benefit older adults in most physical functions, especially lower-extremity performance, such as muscle strength, balance, and mobility. The effects of both programs do not differ significantly, except for BMI and 2MS (ie cardiopulmonary endurance). We recommend pedometer-assisted self-monitored walking for older adults because of its ability to cultivate exercise habits over the long term, whereas supervised walking to establish effective exercise intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Yi Hsu
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University
- Department of Rehabilitation, Taichung Hospital of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung
| | - Hsin-Hsien Wu
- Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
| | - Hung-En Liao
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University
| | | | - Shin-Chang Su
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - Pay-Shin Lin
- Master Degree Program in Healthcare Industry, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Shakouri E, Mossayebi A, Manafi B. Designing and fabricating a novel medical insole with universal fluid layer with auto-customizability. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2020; 234:864-873. [PMID: 32423290 DOI: 10.1177/0954411920926345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Medical insoles play a significant role in pressure reduction, proper stress-strain distribution, and correcting some deformities in the foot. The aim of the present research is to design and fabricate new medical insoles with universal fluid layer. After fabricating two types of insoles including flat silicone insole with shore 17 and flat silicone insole with universal fluid layer (medical silicone with shore 17 and silicone gel with shore 0), PEDAR test using one person in two standing and walking positions in three conditions comprised without the use of medical insole, using of flat medical silicone insole, and flat silicone insole with universal fluid layer was performed. These insoles were also modeled and solved in Abacus software according to the results obtained from mechanical properties testing of silicone and PEDAR test. The results of the finite element analysis showed that absorption of stress and strain in the static state by the silicone insoles with universal fluid layer was 63% and 63%, and in the dynamic state was 84% and 89% more than those obtained by the flat silicone insoles, respectively. The experimental results of the PEDAR system also showed that in the standing state, the silicone insoles with universal fluid layer and the flat silicone insoles had 58% and 30% pressure reduction, respectively, in comparison with without insole condition. Also, in the gait state, the silicone insoles with fluid layer and the flat silicone insole showed 37% and 9% pressure reduction, respectively, in comparison with without insole condition. Eventually, it was found out that the silicone insoles with fluid layer reduce plantar pressure well in comparison to the flat silicone insoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shakouri
- Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University-Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Mossayebi
- Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University-Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Manafi
- Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University-Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
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Subramani AV, Whitley PE, Garimella HT, Kraft RH. Fatigue damage prediction in the annulus of cervical spine intervertebral discs using finite element analysis. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2020; 23:773-784. [DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2020.1764545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adhitya V. Subramani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
- Institute for Cyberscience, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
| | | | | | - Reuben H. Kraft
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
- Institute for Cyberscience, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA
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Tekwe CD, Zoh RS, Yang M, Carroll RJ, Honvoh G, Allison DB, Benden M, Xue L. Instrumental variable approach to estimating the scalar-on-function regression model with measurement error with application to energy expenditure assessment in childhood obesity. Stat Med 2019; 38:3764-3781. [PMID: 31222793 DOI: 10.1002/sim.8179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Wearable device technology allows continuous monitoring of biological markers and thereby enables study of time-dependent relationships. For example, in this paper, we are interested in the impact of daily energy expenditure over a period of time on subsequent progression toward obesity among children. Data from these devices appear as either sparsely or densely observed functional data and methods of functional regression are often used for their statistical analyses. We study the scalar-on-function regression model with imprecisely measured values of the predictor function. In this setting, we have a scalar-valued response and a function-valued covariate that are both collected at a single time period. We propose a generalized method of moments-based approach for estimation, while an instrumental variable belonging in the same time space as the imprecisely measured covariate is used for model identification. Additionally, no distributional assumptions regarding the measurement errors are assumed, while complex covariance structures are allowed for the measurement errors in the implementation of our proposed methods. We demonstrate that our proposed estimator is L2 consistent and enjoys the optimal rate of convergence for univariate nonparametric functions. In a simulation study, we illustrate that ignoring measurement error leads to biased estimations of the functional coefficient. The simulation studies also confirm our ability to consistently estimate the function-valued coefficient when compared to approaches that ignore potential measurement errors. Our proposed methods are applied to our motivating example to assess the impact of baseline levels of energy expenditure on body mass index among elementary school-aged children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen D Tekwe
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Roger S Zoh
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Miao Yang
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
| | - Raymond J Carroll
- Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Gilson Honvoh
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana
| | - Mark Benden
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
| | - Lan Xue
- Department of Statistics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon
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Piedra LM, Andrade FCD, Hernandez R, Trejo L, Prohaska TR, Sarkisian CA. Let's walk! Age reattribution and physical activity among older Hispanic/Latino adults: results from the ¡Caminemos! Randomized trial. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:964. [PMID: 30075709 PMCID: PMC6090751 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5850-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Many older Hispanics/Latinos are physically inactive and suffer the harmful health consequences associated with prolonged periods of inactivity. Negative age attributions that equate getting older with “slowing down” reinforce this inactive behavior. We implemented a community-based exercise intervention among insufficiently active older Hispanics/Latinos with a randomized trial of an attribution-retraining program, ¡Caminemos! (Let’s Walk!), and measured the effect of the program on walking behavior. Methods Five hundred and seventy-two older Hispanics/Latinos (≥60 years) were enrolled in an exercise program that randomly assigned participants to the exercise class and one of two conditions: (a) treatment (attribution retraining to dispel the notion that physical activity inevitably ceases with age) or (b) control (generic health education). Data were collected at baseline and follow-up (1, 12, and 24 months). Physical activity was determined through pedometer data and the Yale Physical Activity Survey. We also measured the intervention effects on age-expectations, self-efficacy expectations, and outcome expectations for physical activity. Mixed-effects regression models were used to determine intervention effects on prospective measures of physical activity and intrapersonal expectations. Results The sample had a mean age of 73 years (SD = 6.8) and was 77% female, and 76% of the sample reported income <$20,000. At baseline, control and treatment groups walked about 3000 steps/day. By 24 months, participants in both arms of the intervention maintained greater than 10,000 mean steps/day, but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. In analyses adjusted for age, sex, education, income, health status, and acculturation, participants in both trial arms increased their mean numbers of steps at 12 and 24 months, with the treatment group showing a greater number of mean steps compared to the controls at 12 months. Conclusions In this group of physically inactive older Hispanics/Latinos, attribution retraining in combination with an exercise class was superior to the exercise class alone with regard to increasing walking behavior. This success was sustained at 12 months (the pre-defined primary study outcome) but not at 24 months. For older Hispanics/Latinos, enrollment in an attribution-retraining exercise program can improve an inactive lifestyle. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00183014.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lissette M Piedra
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1010 West Nevada St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Flavia C D Andrade
- Kinesiology & Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Rosalba Hernandez
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1010 West Nevada St, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Laura Trejo
- City of Los Angeles Department of Aging, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Thomas R Prohaska
- College of Health and Human Services, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Catherine A Sarkisian
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,VA Greater Los Angeles Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Dowd KP, Szeklicki R, Minetto MA, Murphy MH, Polito A, Ghigo E, van der Ploeg H, Ekelund U, Maciaszek J, Stemplewski R, Tomczak M, Donnelly AE. A systematic literature review of reviews on techniques for physical activity measurement in adults: a DEDIPAC study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:15. [PMID: 29422051 PMCID: PMC5806271 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The links between increased participation in Physical Activity (PA) and improvements in health are well established. As this body of evidence has grown, so too has the search for measures of PA with high levels of methodological effectiveness (i.e. validity, reliability and responsiveness to change). The aim of this “review of reviews” was to provide a comprehensive overview of the methodological effectiveness of currently employed measures of PA, to aid researchers in their selection of an appropriate tool. A total of 63 review articles were included in this review, and the original articles cited by these reviews were included in order to extract detailed information on methodological effectiveness. Self-report measures of PA have been most frequently examined for methodological effectiveness, with highly variable findings identified across a broad range of behaviours. The evidence-base for the methodological effectiveness of objective monitors, particularly accelerometers/activity monitors, is increasing, with lower levels of variability observed for validity and reliability when compared to subjective measures. Unfortunately, responsiveness to change across all measures and behaviours remains under-researched, with limited information available. Other criteria beyond methodological effectiveness often influence tool selection, including cost and feasibility. However, researchers must be aware of the methodological effectiveness of any measure selected for use when examining PA. Although no “perfect” tool for the examination of PA in adults exists, it is suggested that researchers aim to incorporate appropriate objective measures, specific to the behaviours of interests, when examining PA in free-living environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran P Dowd
- Department of Sport and Health Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Robert Szeklicki
- University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marco Alessandro Minetto
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Marie H Murphy
- School of Health Science, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Angela Polito
- National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Ezio Ghigo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Hidde van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,The Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janusz Maciaszek
- University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Tomczak
- University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alan E Donnelly
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Efficacy of moderate-intensity walking provided feedback by ECE PEDO on abdominal fat in overweight and obese women: A randomized, exercise study. Turk J Phys Med Rehabil 2017; 63:340-347. [PMID: 31453477 DOI: 10.5606/tftrd.2017.1956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of walking with Equipment for Clever Exercise (ECE PEDO) compared to supervised, moderate-intensity, aerobic, treadmill walking exercise in overweight and obese women. Patients and methods Between September 2014 and January 2015, 28 women with overweight and obesity were assigned to two groups: supervised treadmill walking (Group 1, n=14) or walking with ECE PEDO (Group 2, n=14). The target heart rate (HR) corresponding to values of 50 to 70% VO2max were determined by submaximal treadmill test. Group 1 was instructed walking at their target HR on treadmill. The number of steps in a min corresponding to the target HR was calculated by a criterion pedometer and Group 2 was instructed walking in this step range recorded to the ECE PEDO giving audible feedback. Before and after a 12-week exercise program, all participants were evaluated by Body Mass Index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Ultrasonographic visceral fat thickness (VFT) and ergospirometric VO2max. Results The VFT decreased in both walking groups in association with reduced WC and weight loss and also significant increases in the VO2max after exercise intervention (p<0.05). The VFT decreased only in women by walking with ECE PEDO compared to the other group (p<0.05). Conclusion Our study results showed that both moderate-intensity exercise provided by a novel pedometer and supervised treadmill walking showed significant improvements in abdominal obesity and VO2max.
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Duncan MJ, Wunderlich K, Zhao Y, Faulkner G. Walk this way: validity evidence of iphone health application step count in laboratory and free-living conditions. J Sports Sci 2017; 36:1695-1704. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2017.1409855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus J. Duncan
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kelly Wunderlich
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yingying Zhao
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Guy Faulkner
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Piedra LM, Andrade FCD, Hernandez R, Boughton SW, Trejo L, Sarkisian CA. The Influence of Exercise on Cognitive Function in Older Hispanic/Latino Adults: Results From the "¡Caminemos!" Study. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2017; 57:1072-1083. [PMID: 28329844 PMCID: PMC5881662 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnw256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose of the Study We examined the prospective effect of an evidence-based exercise intervention (¡Caminemos!) on cognitive function among older Hispanic/Latino adults and the potential synergistic effects (if any) of an attribution-retraining intervention given to a random sample to counter negative ascriptions of the aging process. Design and Methods We analyzed baseline and follow-up (1- and 2-year) data collected from Hispanics/Latinos ≥60 years (N = 571) who participated in ¡Caminemos! across 27 senior centers. All participants were randomly assigned to either (a) the treatment group-a 1-hr attribution-retraining session plus a 1-hr exercise class or (b) the control group-health education plus a 1-hr exercise class. Mixed-effects linear regression was used to determine the effects of the exercise class and the attribution-retraining component on longitudinal changes in cognitive functioning, as measured by the Modified Mini-Mental State (3MS) examination. Results In analyses adjusted for age, sex, education, income, and medical comorbidities, participants in both trial arms displayed higher cognitive functioning scores at the 1-year (β = 1.76, p = .001) and 2-year (β = 1.37, p = .013) follow-ups when compared with original baseline scores. However, we found no significant difference in cognitive function between the treatment versus control conditions (β = 0.41, p = .582), nor were any differences found across groups over time. Implications The exercise intervention improved cognitive function in older Hispanics/Latinos, regardless of whether it was supplemented with the age-related attribution retraining. These findings suggest that limited access to exercise programs may be a greater obstacle in forestalling cognitive decline in older Hispanics/Latinos than the negative beliefs they might hold of the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flavia C D Andrade
- Kinesiology & Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | | | | | - Laura Trejo
- City of Los Angeles Department of Aging, California
| | - Catherine A Sarkisian
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA and VA Greater Los Angeles Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Los Angeles, California
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Ndahimana D, Kim EK. Measurement Methods for Physical Activity and Energy Expenditure: a Review. Clin Nutr Res 2017; 6:68-80. [PMID: 28503503 PMCID: PMC5426207 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2017.6.2.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure. The benefits of physical activity for health maintenance have been well documented, especially in the prevention and management of chronic diseases. Therefore, accurate measurement of physical activity and energy expenditure is essential both for epidemiological studies and in the clinical context. Given the large number of available methods, it is important to have an understanding of each, especially when one needs to choose a technique to use. The purpose of this review was to discuss the components of total energy expenditure and present advantage and limitations of different methods of physical activity and energy expenditure assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didace Ndahimana
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea
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13
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Marques MM, de Gucht V, Leal I, Maes S. Efficacy of a randomized controlled self-regulation based physical activity intervention for chronic fatigue: Mediation effects of physical activity progress and self-regulation skills. J Psychosom Res 2017; 94:24-31. [PMID: 28183399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Examine the medium-term effects of a brief physical activity (PA) self-regulation (SR) based intervention (4-STEPS program) for chronic fatigue, and explore the mediating effects of PA related variables and SR skills. METHODS A two-arm randomized controlled trial (Usual Care vs 4-STEPS) was carried out. The 4-STEPS program consisted of Motivational Interviewing and SR-skills training. Fatigue severity (primary outcome) and impact, PA, health-related quality of life (HrQoL), and somatic and psychological distress were assessed at baseline, post-treatment (12weeks) and 12months follow-up. RESULTS Ninety-one patients (45 intervention and 46 controls) were included. At follow-up, there were significant treatment effects on fatigue severity (g=0.72) and fatigue impact, leisure-time PA, and physical and psychological HrQoL. No significant effects were found for number of daily steps and somatic and psychological distress. Fatigue severity at follow-up was partially mediated by post-treatment progress on a personal PA goal (effect ratio=18%). CONCLUSION Results suggest that a brief intervention, focusing on the formulation and pursuit of personal PA goals and the use of SR skills, produces sustained benefits for fatigue severity. Despite these promising results, dropout was high and the intervention was not beneficial for all secondary outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Marques
- Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Portugal; Leiden University, Department of Health, Medical and Neuropsychology, PO Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - V de Gucht
- Leiden University, Department of Health, Medical and Neuropsychology, PO Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - I Leal
- ISPA- University Institute, Rua Jardim do Tabaco, 34, 1149-041 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - S Maes
- Leiden University, Department of Health, Medical and Neuropsychology, PO Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands
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Quality of life in healthcare higher education professionals. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-016-0289-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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15
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Taylor WC, Paxton RJ, Shegog R, Coan SP, Dubin A, Page TF, Rempel DM. Impact of Booster Breaks and Computer Prompts on Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Desk-Based Workers: A Cluster-Randomized Controlled Trial. Prev Chronic Dis 2016; 13:E155. [PMID: 27854422 PMCID: PMC5127177 DOI: 10.5888/pcd13.160231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The 15-minute work break provides an opportunity to promote health, yet few studies have examined this part of the workday. We studied physical activity and sedentary behavior among office workers and compared the results of the Booster Break program with those of a second intervention and a control group to determine whether the Booster Break program improved physical and behavioral health outcomes. Methods We conducted a 3-arm, cluster-randomized controlled trial at 4 worksites in Texas from 2010 through 2013 to compare a group-based, structured Booster Break program to an individual-based computer-prompt intervention and a usual-break control group; we analyzed physiologic, behavioral, and employee measures such as work social support, quality of life, and perceived stress. We also identified consistent and inconsistent attendees of the Booster Break sessions. Results We obtained data from 175 participants (mean age, 43 y; 67% racial/ethnic minority). Compared with the other groups, the consistent Booster Break attendees had greater weekly pedometer counts (P < .001), significant decreases in sedentary behavior and self-reported leisure-time physical activity (P < .001), and a significant increase in triglyceride concentrations (P = .02) (levels remained within the normal range). Usual-break participants significantly increased their body mass index, whereas Booster Break participants maintained body mass index status during the 6 months. Overall, Booster Break participants were 6.8 and 4.3 times more likely to have decreases in BMI and weekend sedentary time, respectively, than usual-break participants. Conclusion Findings varied among the 3 study groups; however, results indicate the potential for consistent attendees of the Booster Break intervention to achieve significant, positive changes related to physical activity, sedentary behavior, and body mass index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell C Taylor
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 7000 Fannin St, Suite 2670, Houston, TX 77030.
| | - Raheem J Paxton
- School of Public Health and Institute of Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Ross Shegog
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Sharon P Coan
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Allison Dubin
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Timothy F Page
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - David M Rempel
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
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Al-Eisa E, Alghadir AH, Iqbal ZA. Measurement of physical activity in obese persons: how and why? A review. J Phys Ther Sci 2016; 28:2670-2674. [PMID: 27799717 PMCID: PMC5080199 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.2670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] Overweight and obesity are major risk factors for poor health, especially in
children. Reduced physical activity, prompted by a sedentary lifestyle, is a major
contributor. Hence, it is important to assess physical activity using standardized methods
in public health to identify the risks associated with obesity. There have been no recent
reports comparing such modalities for use by clinicians and researchers. In this article,
some of these methods for use in the assessment of physical activity are reviewed, and
their advantages and disadvantages are described. [Subjects and Methods] Electronic
databases including PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar were searched for literature,
using key words Obesity, Physical activity, and Physical Behavior Monitoring. [Results]
With advances in technology, various novel methods have been developed to assess physical
behavior, but conventional methods are still relevant and easy to administer. [Conclusion]
There are various measurement options available. Researchers may choose devices providing
more accurate measurements, while clinicians may prefer portability and affordability for
patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Einas Al-Eisa
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaheen A Iqbal
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
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Mullen SP, Silva MN, Sardinha LB, Teixeira PJ. Initial Validation of the Activity Choice Index Among Overweight Women. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2016; 87:174-181. [PMID: 27030291 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2016.1152349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This prospective study was designed to evaluate psychometric properties of the Activity Choice Index (ACI), a measure for assessing one's choice to engage in more effortful, physically active behaviors in the course of daily routines over less-demanding, sedentary behaviors, in a sample of overweight women. METHOD The sample included 192 overweight women (Mage = 37.6 ± 7 years; Mbody mass index = 31.6 ± 4.1 kg/m(2)) who were assessed at baseline and 12 months after beginning a weight management intervention. RESULTS The unidimensional factor structure was confirmed for the 6-item version of the ACI. Group invariance and temporal invariance were also established. Moreover, ACI scores were positively correlated with self-reported physical activity (as measured by the 7-Day Physical Activity Recall), daily pedometer steps, and 3-day average accelerometer counts. CONCLUSIONS This preliminary investigation provides evidence that a relatively brief self-report instrument for assessing lifestyle physical activity choices has strong psychometric characteristics although convergent evidence is limited. The ACI has potential utility for researchers and practitioners aiming to quantify, or track change in, physical activity in everyday, free-living conditions. This early investigation sets the stage for future research to further delineate and strengthen the measurement of the ACI construct.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marlene N Silva
- b University of Lisbon
- c Lusophone University of Humanities and Technologies
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Ardic F, Göcer E. Cadence Feedback With ECE PEDO to Monitor Physical Activity Intensity: A Pilot Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3025. [PMID: 26962822 PMCID: PMC4998903 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the monitoring capabilities of the equipment for clever exercise pedometer (ECE PEDO) that provides audible feedback when the person exceeds the upper and lower limits of the target step numbers per minute and to compare step counts with Yamax SW-200 (YX200) as the criterion pedometer.A total of 30 adult volunteers (15 males and 15 females) were classified as normal weight (n = 10), overweight (n = 10), and obese (n = 10). After the submaximal exercise test on a treadmill, the moderate intensity for walking was determined by using YX200 pedometer and then the number of steps taken in a minute was measured. Lower and upper limits of steps per minute (cadence) were recorded in ECE PEDO providing audible feedback when the person's walking speed gets out of the limits. Volunteers walked for 30 minutes in the individual step count range by attaching the ECE PEDO and YX200 pedometer on both sides of the waist belt in the same session. Step counts of the volunteers were recorded. Wilcoxon, Spearman correlation, and Bland-Altman analyses were performed to show the relationship and agreement between the results of 2 devices.Subjects took an average of 3511 ± 426 and 3493 ± 399 steps during 30 minutes with ECE PEDO and criterion pedometer, respectively. About 3500 steps taken by ECE PEDO reflected that this pedometer has capability of identifying steps per minute to meet moderate intensity of physical activity. There was a strong correlation between step counts of both devices (P < 0.001, r = 0.96). Correlations across all three BMI categories and both sex remained consistently high ranging from 0.92 to 0.95. There was a high level of agreement between the ECE PEDO and YX200 pedometer in the Bland-Altman analysis.Although both devices showed a strong similarity in counting steps, the ECE PEDO provides monitoring of intensity such that a person can walk in a specified time with a desired speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Ardic
- From the Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pamukkale, Denizli, Turkey
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Van Koppen LH, Zandwijk PJJ, Van Mameren H, Mesters I, Winkens B, De Bie RA. Patients’ adherence to a walking programme for non-specific low back pain. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOTHERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.3109/21679169.2015.1127419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lee SF, Pei D, Chi MJ, Jeng C. An investigation and comparison of the effectiveness of different exercise programmes in improving glucose metabolism and pancreatic β cell function of type 2 diabetes patients. Int J Clin Pract 2015; 69:1159-70. [PMID: 26119968 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderately intensive aerobic exercise can improve glucose metabolism and pancreatic β cell function in diabetic patients. To date, there is no evidence to support the long-term effectiveness of home-based exercise interventions on these outcomes. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effectiveness of two moderately intense exercise programmes on glucose metabolism and pancreatic β cell function in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. METHODS A randomised controlled trial of 120 T2DM patients (with a mean age of 55.54 ± 9.09 years) was conducted. Patients were assigned by block randomisation to either an aerobic exercise group (AEG), an accumulated million steps group (AMSG), or a control group (CG); each consisting of 40 patients. Glucose metabolism and pancreatic β cell function of patients were measured at three time intervals for 1 year. RESULTS There was no difference in baseline scores, and respective compliance rates for the AEG and AMSG were 94.4% and 99.2%. After generalised estimating equation analysis, the AMSG results for glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were significantly lower than those of the CG. The insulinogenic index-acute insulin response (BIGTT-AIR ) of both exercise groups was significantly higher than that of the CG. The AMSG group improved their overall HbA1c and BIGTT-AIR results compared with the AEG group after 3 months exercise programme (T1 ) and 12 months of implementation (T2 ). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that regardless of the type of exercise intervention, it is potentially beneficially effective for glucose metabolism and pancreatic β cell function in T2DM patients. The AMSG had better glucose metabolism and pancreatic β cell function compared with those in the AEG. Nurses can easily integrate exercise interventions into T2DM patient care plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S F Lee
- Cardinal Tien College of Healthcare & Management, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - D Pei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Medical School, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - M J Chi
- Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C Jeng
- Graduate Institute of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Hajna S, Ross NA, Brazeau AS, Bélisle P, Joseph L, Dasgupta K. Associations between neighbourhood walkability and daily steps in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:768. [PMID: 26260474 PMCID: PMC4532296 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2082-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Higher street connectivity, land use mix and residential density (collectively referred to as neighbourhood walkability) have been linked to higher levels of walking. The objective of our study was to summarize the current body of knowledge on the association between neighbourhood walkability and biosensor-assessed daily steps in adults. Methods We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, SCOPUS, and Embase (Ovid) for articles published prior to May 2014 on the association between walkability (based on Geographic Information Systems-derived street connectivity, land use mix, and/or residential density) and daily steps (pedometer or accelerometer-assessed) in adults. The mean differences in daily steps between adults living in high versus low walkable neighbourhoods were pooled across studies using a Bayesian hierarchical model. Results The search strategy yielded 8,744 unique abstracts. Thirty of these underwent full article review of which six met the inclusion criteria. Four of these studies were conducted in Europe and two were conducted in Asia. A meta-analysis of four of these six studies indicates that participants living in high compared to low walkable neighbourhoods accumulate 766 more steps per day (95 % credible interval 250, 1271). This accounts for approximately 8 % of recommended daily steps. Conclusions The results of European and Asian studies support the hypothesis that higher neighbourhood walkability is associated with higher levels of biosensor-assessed walking in adults. More studies on this association are needed in North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Hajna
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Nancy A Ross
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Geography, McGill University, 805 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Anne-Sophie Brazeau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Patrick Bélisle
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Lawrence Joseph
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Kaberi Dasgupta
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, 1020 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, Canada. .,Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Epidemiology, McGill University Health Centre, 687 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Cassar-Gheiti AJ, Byrne DP, Kavanagh E, Mulhall KJ. Comparison of four chondral repair techniques in the hip joint: a biomechanical study using a physiological human cadaveric model. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1018-25. [PMID: 25724257 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the biomechanical stability of three types of chondral flap repair techniques as well as a hydrogel scaffold implantation on the acetabular articular surface using a physiological human cadaveric model. METHODS Chondral flaps were created in the antero-superior zone of the acetabulum in a series of human cadaveric hip joints. The chondral flap was repaired by fibrin glue, cyanoacrylate, suture technique and an agarose hydrogel scaffold sealed with fibrin glue using six hips in each case. After each repair, the specimens were mounted in a validated jig and tested for 1500 gait cycles. In order to determine the stability of the repair, specimens were evaluated arthroscopically at specific intervals. RESULTS The fibrin glue and cyanoacrylate techniques were technically the easiest to perform arthroscopically, all flaps repaired with fibrin were detached at 50 cycles while those repaired with cyanoacrylate lasted for an average of 635 cycles. On the other hand, both the suture repair and scaffold implantation techniques were more technically challenging but were both stable till the endpoint of 1500 cycles. CONCLUSION Fibrin glue on its own does not provide sufficient fixation to repair chondral flaps on the acetabular surface. Cyanoacrylate repairs universally failed midway through the testing protocol employed here, raising doubts as to the effectiveness of that technique. The suture and hydrogel scaffold technique were the most reliable for chondral repair at any given cycle. The results of this biomechanical study demonstrate the relative effectiveness of chondral repair and fixation techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- A J Cassar-Gheiti
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland.
| | - D P Byrne
- Orthopaedic Research and Innovation Foundation, Sports Surgery Clinic, Northwood Avenue, Santry, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - E Kavanagh
- Department of Radiology, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland.
| | - K J Mulhall
- Orthopaedic Research and Innovation Foundation, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland.
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Pedometer-determined physical activity patterns in a segmented school day among Hong Kong primary school children. J Exerc Sci Fit 2015. [PMID: 29541098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective This study aimed to characterize pedometer-determined physical activity (PA) patterns in segmented school days among Hong Kong primary school children. Methods Participants were instructed to wear pedometers for 4 consecutive days. The overall step counts and counts at specific periods (e.g., after school, recess, and lunch) during the test days were recorded. Results Of the 74 recruited participants, 68 (41.2% boys, aged 10 and 11 years old) provided valid data. The mean total daily steps over the 4 test days ranged from 9064 to 9714 (standard deviation = 3140-3471 steps). The periods that contributed most toward total daily steps were after school (34.2%), recess (14.0%), and physical education (PE) classes (12.3%). Overall, Student t tests revealed that boys were more active than girls. More active children (daily step average above the sex-specific median value) accumulated significantly more steps during recess and after school than less active children (daily step average below the sex-specific median value) in both sexes (mean differences ranged from 507 steps to 1977 steps). A mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that students accumulated 914 steps more on days that included PE classes than on days without PE classes. A three-way ANOVA found no significant differences in body weight status (normal weight vs. overweight and obesity) and travel mode (active vs. passive modes). Conclusion The findings provide a better understanding of PA patterns and the contribution of the distinct segments within a school day to children's PA. This information may assist in developing more effective, appropriate, and timely school-based PA interventions for children in Hong Kong.
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Gérin C, Guillemot P, Bayat M, André A, Daniel V, Rochcongar P. Enquête auprès des médecins généralistes sur leur expérience et leur avis en matière de prescription d’activité physique. Sci Sports 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Pillay JD, van der Ploeg HP, Kolbe-Alexander TL, Proper KI, van Stralen M, Tomaz SA, van Mechelen W, Lambert EV. The association between daily steps and health, and the mediating role of body composition: a pedometer-based, cross-sectional study in an employed South African population. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:174. [PMID: 25885183 PMCID: PMC4344772 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Walking is recognized as an easily accessible mode of physical activity and is therefore supported as a strategy to promote health and well-being. To complement walking, pedometers have been identified as a useful tool for monitoring ambulatory physical activity, typically measuring total steps/day. There is, however, little information concerning dose-response for health outcomes in relation to intensity or duration of sustained steps. We aimed to examine this relationship, along with factors that mediate it, among employed adults. METHODS A convenience sample, recruited from work-site health risk screening (N = 312, 37 ± 9 yrs), wore a pedometer for at least three consecutive days. Steps were classified as "aerobic" (≥100 steps/minute and ≥10 consecutive minutes) or "non-aerobic" (<100 steps/minute and/or <10 consecutive minutes). The data were sub-grouped according to intensity-based categories i.e. "no aerobic activity", "low aerobic activity" (1-20 minutes/day of aerobic activity) and "high aerobic activity" (≥21 minutes/day of aerobic activity), with the latter used as a proxy for current PA guidelines (150-minutes of moderate-intensity PA per week). Health outcomes included blood pressure, body mass index, percentage body fat, waist circumference, blood cholesterol and blood glucose. Analysis of covariance, adjusting for age, gender and total steps/day were used to compare groups according to volume and intensity-based steps categories. A further analysis compared the mediation effect of body fat estimates (percentage body fat, body mass index and waist circumference) on the association between steps and health outcomes, independently. RESULTS Average steps/day were 6,574 ± 3,541; total steps/day were inversely associated with most health outcomes in the expected direction (p < 0.05). The "no aerobic activity" group was significantly different from the "low aerobic activity" and "high aerobic activity" in percentage body fat and diastolic blood pressure only (P < 0.05). Percentage body fat emerged as the strongest mediator of the relationship between steps and outcomes, while body mass index showed the least mediation effect. CONCLUSION The study provides a presentation of cross-sectional pedometer data that relate to a combination of intensity and volume-based steps/day and its relationship to current guidelines. The integration of volume, intensity and duration of ambulatory physical activity in pedometer-based messages is of emerging relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian D Pillay
- UCT/MRC Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Hidde P van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Tracy L Kolbe-Alexander
- UCT/MRC Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Karin I Proper
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Maartje van Stralen
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Simone A Tomaz
- UCT/MRC Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Willem van Mechelen
- UCT/MRC Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- UCT/MRC Exercise Science and Sports Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
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Marques M, De Gucht V, Leal I, Maes S. Effects of a Self-regulation Based Physical Activity Program (The “4-STEPS”) for Unexplained Chronic Fatigue: a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int J Behav Med 2014; 22:187-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s12529-014-9432-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Dugas LR, Bovet P, Forrester TE, Lambert EV, Plange-Rhule J, Durazo-Arvizu RA, Shoham D, Kroff J, Cao G, Cooper RS, Brage S, Ekelund U, Luke A. Comparisons of intensity-duration patterns of physical activity in the US, Jamaica and 3 African countries. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:882. [PMID: 25160601 PMCID: PMC4168059 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This difference in how populations living in low-, middle or upper-income countries accumulate daily PA, i.e. patterns and intensity, is an important part in addressing the global PA movement. We sought to characterize objective PA in 2,500 participants spanning the epidemiologic transition. The Modeling the Epidemiologic Transition Study (METS) is a longitudinal study, in 5 countries. METS seeks to define the association between physical activity (PA), obesity and CVD risk in populations of African origin: Ghana (GH), South Africa (SA), Seychelles (SEY), Jamaica (JA) and the US (suburban Chicago). METHODS Baseline measurements of objective PA, SES, anthropometrics and body composition, were completed on 2,500 men and women, aged 25-45 years. Moderate and vigorous PA (MVPA, min/d) on week and weekend days was explored ecologically, by adiposity status and manual labor. RESULTS Among the men, obesity prevalence reflected the level of economic transition and was lowest in GH (1.7%) and SA (4.8%) and highest in the US (41%). SA (55%) and US (65%) women had the highest levels of obesity, compared to only 16% in GH. More men and women in developing countries engaged in manual labor and this was reflected by an almost doubling of measured MPVA among the men in GH (45 min/d) and SA (47 min/d) compared to only 28 min/d in the US. Women in GH (25 min/d), SA (21 min/d), JA (20 min/d) and SEY (20 min/d) accumulated significantly more MPVA than women in the US (14 min/d), yet this difference was not reflected by differences in BMI between SA, JA, SEY and US. Moderate PA constituted the bulk of the PA, with no study populations except SA men accumulating > 5 min/d of vigorous PA. Among the women, no sites accumulated >2 min/d of vigorous PA. Overweight/obese men were 22% less likely to engage in manual occupations. CONCLUSION While there is some association for PA with obesity, this relationship is inconsistent across the epidemiologic transition and suggests that PA policy recommendations should be tailored for each environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara R Dugas
- />Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
| | - Pascal Bovet
- />Institute of Social & Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- />Ministry of Health, Victoria, Seychelles
| | - Terrence E Forrester
- />Tropical Medicine Research Institute, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Estelle V Lambert
- />Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | - David Shoham
- />Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
| | - Jacolene Kroff
- />Research Unit for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Guichan Cao
- />Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
| | - Richard S Cooper
- />Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
| | - Soren Brage
- />Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- />Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- />Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Amy Luke
- />Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL USA
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Hollis JL, Williams LT, Young MD, Pollard KT, Collins CE, Morgan PJ. Compliance to step count and vegetable serve recommendations mediates weight gain prevention in mid-age, premenopausal women. Findings of the 40-Something RCT. Appetite 2014; 83:33-41. [PMID: 25062965 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The 40-Something RCT aimed to determine if a 12-month health professional-led intervention could modify diet and physical activity behaviour for obesity prevention, in 44-50 year old, non-obese (BMI = 18.5-29.9 kg/m(2)) premenopausal women. Women were monitored for an additional 12 months to determine if effects could be maintained. This paper aimed to explore dietary and physical activity behavioural mediators hypothesised to be causally associated with weight change. Fifty-four women were randomised to a Motivational Interviewing Intervention (MI) (n = 28; five health professional consultations) or a Self-Directed Intervention (n = 26; written advice). Compliance to 10 study recommendations was measured at three months by a four-day weighed food and physical activity record including pedometer-measured step counts, self-reported exercise minutes and sitting time. The 10 compliance scores were independently assessed in mediation models for 12- and 24-month weight change. The MI effect on step count was an increase of 0.99 points on the 10-point compliance scale (p ≤ 0.01). This MI effect on step count significantly mediated the 12 and 24 month effect on weight (12 months AB = -0.74, 95%CI = -1.95, -0.14; 24 months AB = -1.06, 95% CI = -2.56, -0.36), accounting for 37.23% and 53.79% of the effect, respectively. The MI effect on vegetable serves was an increase of 1.50 points on the compliance scale (p = 0.02). The MI effect on vegetable compliance significantly mediated the effect on weight at 24 months (AB = -0.54, 95% CI = -1.50, -0.04), accounting for 24.92% of the effect. The remaining eight dietary and physical activity compliance scores did not significantly mediate weight loss. Encouraging women to take 10,000 steps and eat five vegetable serves per day may be a promising strategy to achieve long-term weight control at mid-life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna L Hollis
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Lauren T Williams
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Myles D Young
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Katherine T Pollard
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Clare E Collins
- Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Philip J Morgan
- Priority Research Centre in Physical Activity and Nutrition, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; School of Education, Faculty of Education and Arts, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Sitthipornvorakul E, Janwantanakul P, van der Beek AJ. Correlation between pedometer and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire on physical activity measurement in office workers. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:280. [PMID: 24886593 PMCID: PMC4023491 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to examine the correlation of physical activity levels assessed by pedometer and those by the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) in a population of office workers. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 320 office workers. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to each office worker by hand. Physical activity level was objectively assessed by a pedometer for 7 consecutive days and subjectively assessed by the GPAQ. Based on the pedometer and GPAQ outcomes, participants were classified into 3 groups: inactive, moderately active, and highly active. Results No correlation in the physical activity level assessed by the pedometer and GPAQ was found (rs = .08, P = 0.15). When considering the pedometer as the criterion for comparison, 65.3% of participants had underestimated their physical activity level using the GPAQ, whereas 9.3% of participants overestimated their physical activity level. Conclusions Physical activity level in office workers assessed by a subjective measure was greatly different from assessed by an objective tool. Consequently, research on physical activity level, especially in those with sedentary lifestyle, should consider using an objective measure to ensure that it closely reflects a person’s physical activity level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Prawit Janwantanakul
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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RIBEIRO MARCOSAUSENKA, MARTINS MILTONARRUDA, CARVALHO CELSORF. Interventions to Increase Physical Activity in Middle-Age Women at the Workplace. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2014; 46:1008-15. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Kikhia B, Gomez M, Jiménez LL, Hallberg J, Karvonen N, Synnes K. Analyzing body movements within the Laban Effort Framework using a single accelerometer. SENSORS 2014; 14:5725-41. [PMID: 24662408 PMCID: PMC4004017 DOI: 10.3390/s140305725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This article presents a study on analyzing body movements by using a single accelerometer sensor. The investigated categories of body movements belong to the Laban Effort Framework: Strong—Light, Free—Bound and Sudden—Sustained. All body movements were represented by a set of activities used for data collection. The calculated accuracy of detecting the body movements was based on collecting data from a single wireless tri-axial accelerometer sensor. Ten healthy subjects collected data from three body locations (chest, wrist and thigh) simultaneously in order to analyze the locations comparatively. The data was then processed and analyzed using Machine Learning techniques. The wrist placement was found to be the best single location to record data for detecting Strong—Light body movements using the Random Forest classifier. The wrist placement was also the best location for classifying Bound—Free body movements using the SVM classifier. However, the data collected from the chest placement yielded the best results for detecting Sudden—Sustained body movements using the Random Forest classifier. The study shows that the choice of the accelerometer placement should depend on the targeted type of movement. In addition, the choice of the classifier when processing data should also depend on the chosen location and the target movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basel Kikhia
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden.
| | - Miguel Gomez
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden.
| | - Lara Lorna Jiménez
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden.
| | - Josef Hallberg
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden.
| | - Niklas Karvonen
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden.
| | - Kåre Synnes
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden.
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Jennings C, Kotseva K, De Bacquer D, Hoes A, de Velasco J, Brusaferro S, Mead A, Jones J, Tonstad S, Wood D. Effectiveness of a preventive cardiology programme for high CVD risk persistent smokers: the EUROACTION PLUS varenicline trial. Eur Heart J 2014; 35:1411-20. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehu051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catriona Jennings
- Cardiovascular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London (St Mary's Campus), International Centre for Circulatory Health, London W2 1LA, UK
| | - Kornelia Kotseva
- Cardiovascular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London (St Mary's Campus), International Centre for Circulatory Health, London W2 1LA, UK
| | - Dirk De Bacquer
- Unit of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Public Health, Ghent University, Gent 9000, Belgium
| | - Arno Hoes
- University Medical Center Utrecht, PO Box 85500, Utrecht 3508 GA, The Netherlands
| | - Jose de Velasco
- Servicio Cardiologie, Hospital General Universitario, Valencia, Spain
| | - Silvio Brusaferro
- Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, University of Udine, AOUD S M Della Miserciordi Udine, Italy
| | - Alison Mead
- Cardiovascular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London (St Mary's Campus), International Centre for Circulatory Health, London W2 1LA, UK
| | - Jennifer Jones
- Cardiovascular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London (St Mary's Campus), International Centre for Circulatory Health, London W2 1LA, UK
| | - Serena Tonstad
- Department of Preventive Cardiology, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo N-0407, Norway
| | - David Wood
- Cardiovascular Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London (St Mary's Campus), International Centre for Circulatory Health, London W2 1LA, UK
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Krüger K, Klocke R, Kloster J, Nikol S, Waltenberger J, Mooren FC. Activity of daily living is associated with circulating CD34+/KDR+ cells and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor levels in patients after myocardial infarction. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 116:532-7. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01254.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate whether the extent of activities of daily living (ADL) of patients after myocardial infarction affect numbers of circulating CD34+/KDR+ and CD45+/CD34+ cells, which are supposed to protect structural and functional endothelial integrity. In a cross-sectional study, 34 male coronary artery disease patients with a history of myocardial infarction were assessed for times spent per week for specific physical ADL, including basic activities (instrumental ADL), leisure time activities, and sport activities, using a validated questionnaire. Individual specific activity times were multiplied with respective specific metabolic equivalent scores to obtain levels of specific activities. Numbers of circulating CD34+/KDR+ and CD45+/CD34+ cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the colony-forming capacity of CD34+ cells and the level of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in serum were measured. Analysis revealed that the extent of total activities and basic activities, as well as total activity time, were positively correlated with numbers of circulating CD34+/KDR+ cells ( r = 0.60, 0.56, and 0.55, P < 0.05). Higher levels of total activity were also associated with increased colony-forming capacity of CD34+ cells ( r = 0.54, P < 0.05) and with higher systemic levels of G-CSF ( r = 0.44, P < 0.05). These findings indicate that even ADL-related activities of coronary artery disease patients after myocardial infarction exert stimulating effects on CD34+/KDR+ cell mobilization, potentially mediated by increased G-CSF levels. This, in turn, potentially contributes to the beneficial effects of exercise on the diseased cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karsten Krüger
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Rainer Klocke
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Julia Kloster
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Sigrid Nikol
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Frank C. Mooren
- Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Sciences, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany; and
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Suboc TB, Strath SJ, Dharmashankar K, Coulliard A, Miller N, Wang J, Tanner MJ, Widlansky ME. Relative importance of step count, intensity, and duration on physical activity's impact on vascular structure and function in previously sedentary older adults. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3:e000702. [PMID: 24572255 PMCID: PMC3959701 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.113.000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related endothelial dysfunction and vascular stiffening are associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Many groups have encouraged goals of ≥10 000 steps/day or ≥30 min/day of moderate intensity physical activity (MPA) to reduce age-related CV risk. The impact of MPA on the vasculature of older adults remains unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS We randomized 114 sedentary older adults ages ≥50 to 12 weeks of either no intervention (group 1), a pedometer-only intervention (group 2), or a pedometer with an interactive website employing strategies to increase the adoption of habitual physical activity (PA, group 3). Endothelial function by brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD%), vascular stiffness by tonometry, step-count by pedometer, and PA intensity/distribution by accelerometer were measured. Step-count increased in groups 2 (5136±1554 to 9596±3907, P<0.001) and 3 (5474±1512 to 8167±3111, P<0.001) but not in group 1 (4931±1667 to 5410±2410). Both groups 2 and 3 increased MPA ≥30 min/day. Only group 3 increased MPA in continuous bouts of ≥10 minutes (P<0.001) and improved FMD% (P=0.001). Neither achievement of ≥10 000 steps/day nor ≥30 min/day of MPA resulted in improved FMD%. However, achieving ≥20 min/day in MPA bouts resulted in improved FMD%. No changes in vascular stiffness were observed. CONCLUSIONS MPA reverses age-related endothelial dysfunction, but may require MPA to be performed in bouts of ≥10 minutes duration for ≥20 min/day to be effective. Commonly encouraged PA goals do not guarantee improved endothelial function and may not be as effective in reducing CV risk. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION URL Clinicaltrials.gov. UNIQUE IDENTIFIER: NCT-01212978.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tisha B. Suboc
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (T.B.S., K.D., A.C., J.W., M.E.W.)
| | - Scott J. Strath
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin‐Milwaukee,
| | - Kodlipet Dharmashankar
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (T.B.S., K.D., A.C., J.W., M.E.W.)
| | - Allison Coulliard
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (T.B.S., K.D., A.C., J.W., M.E.W.)
| | - Nora Miller
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin‐Milwaukee,
| | - Jingli Wang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (T.B.S., K.D., A.C., J.W., M.E.W.)
| | - Michael J. Tanner
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (M.J.T.)
| | - Michael E. Widlansky
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (T.B.S., K.D., A.C., J.W., M.E.W.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI (M.E.W.)
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Tudor-Locke C, Swift DL, Schuna JM, Dragg AT, Davis AB, Martin CK, Johnson WD, Church TS. WalkMore: a randomized controlled trial of pedometer-based interventions differing on intensity messages. BMC Public Health 2014; 14:168. [PMID: 24528783 PMCID: PMC3931482 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pedometer-based programs have elicited increased walking behaviors associated with improvements in blood pressure in sedentary/low active postmenopausal women, a population at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Such programs typically encourage increasing the volume of physical activity with little regard for its intensity. Recent advances in commercially available pedometer technology now permit tracking of both steps/day and time in moderate (or greater) intensity physical activity on a daily basis. It is not known whether the dual message to increase steps/day while also increasing time spent at higher intensity walking will elicit additional improvements in blood pressure relative to a message to only focus on increasing steps/day. The purpose of this paper is to present the rationale, study design, and protocols employed in WalkMore, a 3-arm 3-month blinded and randomized controlled trial (RCT) designed to compare the effects of two community pedometer-based walking interventions (reflecting these separate and combined messages) relative to a control group on blood pressure in sedentary/low active post-menopausal women, a population at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. METHODS/DESIGN 120 sedentary/low active post-menopausal women (45-74 years of age) will be randomly assigned (computer-generated) to 1 of 3 groups: A) 10,000 steps/day (with no guidance on walking intensity/speed/cadence; BASIC intervention, n = 50); B) 10,000 steps/day and at least 30 minutes in moderate intensity (i.e., a cadence of at least 100 steps/min; ENHANCED intervention, n = 50); or a Control group (n = 20). An important strength of the study is the strict control and quantification of the pedometer-based physical activity interventions. The primary outcome is systolic blood pressure. Secondary outcomes include diastolic blood pressure, anthropometric measurements, fasting blood glucose and insulin, flow mediated dilation, gait speed, and accelerometer-determined physical activity and sedentary behavior. DISCUSSION This study can make important contributions to our understanding of the relative benefits that walking volume and/or intensity may have on blood pressure in a population at risk of cardiovascular disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Record NCT01519583, January 18, 2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catrine Tudor-Locke
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
- FACSM, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Damon L Swift
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
- East Carolina University, College of Health and Human Performance, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - John M Schuna
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - Amber T Dragg
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - Allison B Davis
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - Corby K Martin
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - William D Johnson
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
| | - Timothy S Church
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70808, USA
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Nyssen SM, dos Santos JG, Barusso MS, de Oliveira AD, Lorenzo VAPD, Jamami M. Levels of physical activity and predictors of mortality in COPD. J Bras Pneumol 2013; 39:659-66. [PMID: 24473759 PMCID: PMC4075906 DOI: 10.1590/s1806-37132013000600004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the Body mass index, airway Obstruction, Dyspnea, and E xercise capacity (BODE) index scores and its individual components between COPD patients with and without severe physical inactivity, as well as to correlate the number of steps/day with scores of physical activity questionnaires, age, and the BODE index (including its components). METHODS We included 30 patients, who were evaluated for body composition, pulmonary function (FEV1), perception of dyspnea (modified Medical Research Council scale), and exercise capacity (six-minute walk distance [6MWD]). The patients also completed the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), short version, and the modified Baecke questionnaire (mBQ). The level of physical activity was assessed by the number of steps/day (as determined by pedometer), using the cut-off of 4,580 steps/day to form two groups: no severe physical inactivity (SPI-) and severe physical inactivity (SPI+). We used the Mann-Whitney test or t-test, as well as Pearson's or Spearman's correlation tests, in the statistical analysis. RESULTS In comparison with the SPI- group, the SPI+ group showed more advanced age, higher mBQ scores (leisure domain), lower 6MWD (in m and % of predicted), and lower IPAQ scores (metabolic equivalent-walk/week domain and total). The IPAQ scores showed weak correlations with steps/day (r = 0.399), age (r = -0.459), and 6MWD-in m (r = 0.446) and in % of predicted (r = 0.422). CONCLUSIONS In our sample, the cut-off of 4,580 steps/day was not sensitive enough to identify differences between the groups when compared with the predictors of mortality. The IPAQ, short version score correlated with steps/day.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Maria Nyssen
- Laboratory of Spirometry and Respiratory Therapy,
Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Federal
University of São Carlos - São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Júlia Gianjoppe dos Santos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal
de São Carlos - UFSCar, Federal University of São Carlos - São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Marina Sallum Barusso
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal
de São Carlos - UFSCar, Federal University of São Carlos - São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Antônio Delfino de Oliveira
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade Federal de São
Carlos - UFSCar, Federal University of São Carlos - São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Valéria Amorim Pires Di Lorenzo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade
Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Federal University of São Carlos - São Carlos,
Brazil
| | - Mauricio Jamami
- Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade
Federal de São Carlos - UFSCar, Federal University of São Carlos - São Carlos,
Brazil
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Cleland I, Kikhia B, Nugent C, Boytsov A, Hallberg J, Synnes K, McClean S, Finlay D. Optimal placement of accelerometers for the detection of everyday activities. SENSORS 2013; 13:9183-200. [PMID: 23867744 PMCID: PMC3758644 DOI: 10.3390/s130709183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This article describes an investigation to determine the optimal placement of accelerometers for the purpose of detecting a range of everyday activities. The paper investigates the effect of combining data from accelerometers placed at various bodily locations on the accuracy of activity detection. Eight healthy males participated within the study. Data were collected from six wireless tri-axial accelerometers placed at the chest, wrist, lower back, hip, thigh and foot. Activities included walking, running on a motorized treadmill, sitting, lying, standing and walking up and down stairs. The Support Vector Machine provided the most accurate detection of activities of all the machine learning algorithms investigated. Although data from all locations provided similar levels of accuracy, the hip was the best single location to record data for activity detection using a Support Vector Machine, providing small but significantly better accuracy than the other investigated locations. Increasing the number of sensing locations from one to two or more statistically increased the accuracy of classification. There was no significant difference in accuracy when using two or more sensors. It was noted, however, that the difference in activity detection using single or multiple accelerometers may be more pronounced when trying to detect finer grain activities. Future work shall therefore investigate the effects of accelerometer placement on a larger range of these activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Cleland
- School of Computing and Mathematics, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, UK; E-Mails: (C.N.); (D.F.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +44-289-036-8840
| | - Basel Kikhia
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden; E-Mails: (B.K.); (A.B.); (J.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Chris Nugent
- School of Computing and Mathematics, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, UK; E-Mails: (C.N.); (D.F.)
| | - Andrey Boytsov
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden; E-Mails: (B.K.); (A.B.); (J.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Josef Hallberg
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden; E-Mails: (B.K.); (A.B.); (J.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Kåre Synnes
- Department of Computer Science, Electrical and Space Engineering, Luleå University of Technology, Luleå 971 87, Sweden; E-Mails: (B.K.); (A.B.); (J.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Sally McClean
- Computing and Information Engineering, University of Ulster, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, Northern Ireland BT52 1SA, UK; E-Mail:
| | - Dewar Finlay
- School of Computing and Mathematics, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, Co. Antrim, Northern Ireland BT37 0QB, UK; E-Mails: (C.N.); (D.F.)
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Human activity recognition in indoor environments by means of fusing information extracted from intensity of WiFi signal and accelerations. Inf Sci (N Y) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ins.2013.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wenzel JA, Griffith KA, Shang J, Thompson CB, Hedlin H, Stewart KJ, DeWeese T, Mock V. Impact of a home-based walking intervention on outcomes of sleep quality, emotional distress, and fatigue in patients undergoing treatment for solid tumors. Oncologist 2013; 18:476-84. [PMID: 23568000 PMCID: PMC3639536 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2012-0278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 01/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Exercise use among patients with cancer has been shown to have many benefits and few notable risks. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a home-based walking intervention during cancer treatment on sleep quality, emotional distress, and fatigue. Methods. A total of 138 patients with prostate (55.6%), breast (32.5%), and other solid tumors (11.9%) were randomized to a home-based walking intervention or usual care. Exercise dose was assessed using a five-item subscale of the Cooper Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study Physical Activity Questionnaire. Primary outcomes of sleep quality, distress, and fatigue were compared between the two study arms. Results. The exercise group (n = 68) reported more vigor (p = .03) than control group participants (n = 58). In dose response models, greater participation in aerobic exercise was associated with 11% less fatigue (p < .001), 7.5% more vigor (p = .001), and 3% less emotional distress (p = .03), after controlling for intervention group assignment, age, and baseline exercise and fatigue levels. Conclusion. Patients who exercised during cancer treatment experienced less emotional distress than those who were less active. Increasing exercise was also associated with less fatigue and more vigor. Home-based walking is a simple, sustainable strategy that may be helpful in improving a number of symptoms encountered by patients undergoing active treatment for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Wenzel
- School of Nursing, Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205-2110, USA.
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White DK, Tudor-Locke C, Felson DT, Gross KD, Niu J, Nevitt M, Lewis CE, Torner J, Neogi T. Do radiographic disease and pain account for why people with or at high risk of knee osteoarthritis do not meet physical activity guidelines? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:139-47. [PMID: 23124774 DOI: 10.1002/art.37748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Knee osteoarthritis (OA) and pain are assumed to be barriers to meeting physical activity guidelines, but this has not been formally evaluated. The purpose of this study was to determine the proportions of people with and those without knee OA and knee pain who meet recommended physical activity levels through walking. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of community-dwelling adults from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study who had or who were at high risk of knee OA. Participants wore a StepWatch activity monitor to record steps per day for 7 days. The proportion of participants who met the recommended physical activity levels was defined as those accumulating≥150 minutes per week at ≥100 steps per minute in bouts lasting ≥10 minutes. These proportions were also determined for those with and those without knee OA, as classified by radiography and by severity of knee pain. RESULTS Of the 1,788 study participants (mean±SD age 67.2±7.7 years, mean±SD body mass index 30.7±6.0 kg/m2, 60% women), lower overall percentages of participants with radiographic knee OA and knee pain met recommended physical activity levels. However, these differences were not statistically significant between those with and those without knee OA; 7.3% and 10.1% of men (P=0.34) and 6.3% and 7.8% of women (P=0.51), respectively, met recommended physical activity levels. Similarly, for those with moderate/severe knee pain and those with no knee pain, 12.9% and 10.9% of men (P=0.74) and 6.7% and 11.0% of women (P=0.40), respectively, met recommended physical activity levels. CONCLUSION Disease and pain have little impact on achieving recommended physical activity levels among people with or at high risk of knee OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K White
- Boston University, Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, and Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA.
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Behrens TK, Dinger MK. Ambulatory Physical Activity Patterns of College Students. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2005.10608188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy K. Behrens
- a University of Utah, Department of Health Promotion and Education , 1901 East South Campus Drive, Salt Lake City , UT , 84112 , USA
| | - Mary K. Dinger
- b University of Oklahoma, Department of Health and Exercise Science , Huston Huffman Center 117, Norman , OK , 73019 , USA
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White DK, Tudor-Locke C, Felson DT, Gross KD, Niu J, Nevitt M, Lewis CE, Torner J, Neogi T. Walking to meet physical activity guidelines in knee osteoarthritis: is 10,000 steps enough? Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 94:711-7. [PMID: 23228625 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2012] [Revised: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study if step goals (eg, walking 10,000 steps a day) approximate meeting the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational cohort. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS People with or at high risk of knee OA (N=1788). INTERVENTIONS None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Objective physical activity data were collected over 7 consecutive days from people with or at high risk of knee OA participating in the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study. Using activity monitor data, we determined the proportion that (1) walked ≥10,000 steps per day, (2) met the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines, and (3) achieved both recommendations. RESULTS Of the subjects studied (mean age ± SD, 67±8y; mean body mass index ± SD, 31±6kg/m(2); 60% women), 16.7% of men and 12.6% of women walked ≥10,000 steps per day, while 6% of men and 5% of women met the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. Of those walking ≥10,000 steps per day, 16.7% and 26.7% of men and women, respectively, also met the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Among this sample of older adults with or at high risk of knee OA, walking ≥10,000 steps a day did not translate into meeting public health guidelines. These findings highlight the disparity between the number of steps believed to be needed per day and the recommended time-intensity guidelines to achieve positive health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K White
- Dept of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Vanderspank D, Bernier SM, Sopper MM, Watson P, Mottola MF. Activity restriction increases deoxypyridinoline excretion in hospitalized high-risk pregnant women. Biol Res Nurs 2012; 16:7-15. [PMID: 23079370 DOI: 10.1177/1099800412463120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Activity restriction (AR), one of the most common interventions used in high-risk pregnancies, may exacerbate loss of bone mass. The purpose of this study was to determine changes over time in bone resorption in hospitalized AR women during late pregnancy. METHODS This was a short-term prospective study conducted in two tertiary-care obstetric hospitals. We measured urinary deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) excretion, a marker of bone resorption, once per week in a convenience sample of 14 hospitalized AR women in the third trimester and compared values at 28-31 and 34-36 weeks' gestation to those of 11 ambulatory control women. Both groups completed a bone-loading questionnaire, 3-day food intake record, and pedometer step counts at the same gestational age. RESULTS Urinary Dpd excretion increased from Days 1-7 (2.60 ± 0.32 nmol/mmol creatinine) to Days 22-28 (5.36 ± 0.83 nmol/mmol creatinine; p ≤ .05). Dpd excretion was higher in AR women (4.51 ± 0.31 nmol/mmol creatinine) than ambulatory women (2.72 ± 0.39 nmol/mmol creatinine) at 34-36 weeks' gestation (p ≤ .05). Energy intake between ambulatory and AR women was not different (p ≥ .05). All women met the daily requirements for calcium and vitamin D intake during pregnancy. Average daily pedometer steps for the AR women were significantly less compared to controls (1,329 ± 936 and 8,024 ± 1,890 steps/day, respectively; p ≤ .05). CONCLUSIONS AR leads to increased bone resorption in hospitalized pregnant women, which may impact future risk of developing osteopenia and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Vanderspank
- 1R. Samuel McLaughlin Foundation-Exercise and Pregnancy Lab, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Doré DA, Winzenberg TM, Ding C, Otahal P, Pelletier JP, Martel-Pelletier J, Cicuttini FM, Jones G. The association between objectively measured physical activity and knee structural change using MRI. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 72:1170-5. [PMID: 22896739 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study describes the longitudinal association between objectively assessed physical activity (PA) and knee structural change measured using MRI. METHODS 405 community-dwelling adults aged 51-81 years were measured at baseline and approximately 2.7 years later. MRI of the right knee at baseline and follow-up was performed to evaluate bone marrow lesions (BMLs), meniscal pathology, cartilage defects, and cartilage volume. PA was assessed at baseline by pedometer (steps/day). RESULTS Doing ≥10 000 steps/day was associated with BML increases (RR 1.97, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.27, p=0.009). Participants doing ≥10 000 steps/day had a 1.52 times (95% CI 1.05 to 2.20, p=0.027) greater risk of increasing meniscal pathology score, which increased to 2.49 (95% CI 1.05 to 3.93, p=0.002) in those with adverse meniscal pathology at baseline. Doing ≥10 000 steps/day was associated with a greater risk of increasing cartilage defect score in those with prevalent BMLs at baseline (RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.69, p=0.013). Steps/day was protective against volume loss in those with more baseline cartilage volume but led to increased cartilage loss in those with less baseline cartilage volume. (p=0.046 for interaction). CONCLUSIONS PA was deleteriously associated with knee structural change, especially in those with pre-existing knee structural abnormalities. This suggests individuals with knee abnormalities should avoid doing ≥10 000 steps/day. Alternatives to weight-bearing activity may be needed in order to maintain PA levels required for other aspects of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn A Doré
- Menzies Research Institute Tasmania, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
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Brown DK, Barton JL, Pretty J, Gladwell VF. Walks4work: rationale and study design to investigate walking at lunchtime in the workplace setting. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:550. [PMID: 22830646 PMCID: PMC3490792 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Following recruitment of a private sector company, an 8 week lunchtime walking intervention was implemented to examine the effect of the intervention on modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors, and further to see if walking environment had any further effect on the cardiovascular disease risk factors. Methods For phase 1 of the study participants were divided into three groups, two lunchtime walking intervention groups to walk around either an urban or natural environment twice a week during their lunch break over an 8 week period. The third group was a waiting-list control who would be invited to join the walking groups after phase 1. In phase 2 all participants were encouraged to walk during their lunch break on self-selecting routes. Health checks were completed at baseline, end of phase 1 and end of phase 2 in order to measure the impact of the intervention on cardiovascular disease risk. The primary outcome variables of heart rate and heart rate variability were measured to assess autonomic function associated with cardiovascular disease. Secondary outcome variables (Body mass index, blood pressure, fitness, autonomic response to a stressor) related to cardiovascular disease were also measured. The efficacy of the intervention in increasing physical activity was objectively monitored throughout the 8-weeks using an accelerometer device. Discussion The results of this study will help in developing interventions with low researcher input with high participant output that may be implemented in the workplace. If effective, this study will highlight the contribution that natural environments can make in the reduction of modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors within the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel K Brown
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.
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Aittasalo M, Rinne M, Pasanen M, Kukkonen-Harjula K, Vasankari T. Promoting walking among office employees - evaluation of a randomized controlled intervention with pedometers and e-mail messages. BMC Public Health 2012; 12:403. [PMID: 22672576 PMCID: PMC3444317 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to evaluate a 6-month intervention to promote office-employees' walking with pedometers and e-mail messages. METHODS Participants were recruited by 10 occupational health care units (OHC) from 20 worksites with 2,230 employees. Voluntary and insufficiently physically active employees (N = 241) were randomized to a pedometer (STEP, N = 123) and a comparison group (COMP, N = 118). STEP included one group meeting, log-monitored pedometer-use and six e-mail messages from OHC. COMP participated in data collection. Reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, maintenance (RE-AIM) and costs were assessed with questionnaires (0, 2, 6, 12 months), process evaluation and interviews (12 months). RESULTS The intervention reached 29% (N = 646) of employees in terms of participation willingness. Logistic regression showed that the proportion of walkers tended to increase more in STEP than in COMP at 2 months in "walking for transportation" (Odds ratio 2.12, 95%CI 0.94 to 4.81) and at 6 months in "walking for leisure" (1.86, 95%CI 0.94 to 3.69). Linear model revealed a modest increase in the mean duration of "walking stairs" at 2 and 6 months (Geometric mean ratio 1.26, 95%CI 0.98 to 1.61; 1.27, 0.98 to 1.64). Adoption and implementation succeeded as intended. At 12 months, some traces of the intervention were sustained in 15 worksites, and a slightly higher number of walkers in STEP in comparison with COMP was observed in "walking stairs" (OR 2.24, 95%CI 0.94 to 5.31) and in "walking for leisure" (2.07, 95%CI 0.99 to 4.34). The direct costs of the intervention were 43 Euros per participant. CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate only modest impact on some indicators of walking. Future studies should invest in reaching the employees, minimizing attrition rate and using objective walking assessment. TRIAL REGISTERATION: ISRCTN79432107.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna Aittasalo
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
| | - Marjo Rinne
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
| | - Matti Pasanen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Tommi Vasankari
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, P.O. Box 30, FI-33501, Tampere, Finland
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland
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Petersen CB, Severin M, Hansen AW, Curtis T, Grønbæk M, Tolstrup JS. A population-based randomized controlled trial of the effect of combining a pedometer with an intervention toolkit on physical activity among individuals with low levels of physical activity or fitness. Prev Med 2012; 54:125-30. [PMID: 22200586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine if receiving a pedometer along with an intervention toolkit is associated with increased physical activity, aerobic fitness and better self-rated health among individuals with low levels of physical activity or fitness. METHODS The intervention was nested in the Danish Health Examination Survey (DANHES) and carried out in 2008. Participants were randomly assigned to either a pedometer group (n=326) or a control group (n=329). Physical activity, aerobic fitness, and self-rated health were measured at baseline and at 3-month follow-up, and differences were tested by Wilcoxons signed rank tests and Chi-squared tests. RESULTS At follow-up, no significant differences in physical activity, aerobic fitness and self-rated health were found between the groups. However, the oldest participants in the pedometer group reported significantly more walking time compared to the controls (controls=368 min/week, pedometer group=680 min/week, P=0.05). Among participants who completed the intervention, a significant effect on total walking time was observed (median difference=225 min/week, P=0.04). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that receiving a pedometer and along with an intervention toolkit can increase walking time in older individuals, but not in younger individuals. Thus, this type of intervention offers great potential for promoting physical activity in older individuals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01071811.
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Abd TT, Kobylivker A, Perry A, Miller Iii J, Sperling L. Work-related physical activity among cardiovascular specialists. Clin Cardiol 2012; 35:78-82. [PMID: 22271102 DOI: 10.1002/clc.21954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strong evidence supports positive correlation of physical activity with health benefits. Current recommendations by the American Heart Association are a minimum 30 minutes of moderate physical activity 5 days per week. This goal has been equilibrated with 10,000 steps per day. HYPOTHESIS Work-related physical activity of cardiovascular (CV) specialists does not meet the currently recommended daily physical activity. METHODS Eight cardiothoracic (CT) surgeons, 7 general cardiologists, 5 procedural cardiologists, and 8 cardiac anesthesiologists (N = 28) participated in the study. Demographic information on each participant was recorded including age, resting heart rate, body mass index, and medical and social history. Subjects were asked to wear a spring-levered pedometer on their hip for 2 weeks while at work and to record the total number of steps as well as number of hours worked each day. RESULTS The average daily steps walked during work were 6540, 6039, 5910, and 5553 for general cardiologists, CT surgeons, procedural cardiologists, and cardiac anesthesiologists, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in the average number of steps taken per day among the groups. CT surgeons worked 12.4 hours per day compared to 9.3 hours by the cardiac anesthesiologists (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS In this small, single-center study, work-related physical activity of CV specialists did not meet the recommended guidelines. Obtaining the recommended activity level might be a challenge, given their busy work schedule. Therefore, CV specialists must engage in additional, out-of-hours exercise to achieve the recommended daily exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thura T Abd
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
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Soo KL, Wan Abdul Manan WM, Wan Suriati WN. The Bahasa Melayu version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire: reliability and validity study in Malaysia. Asia Pac J Public Health 2012; 27:NP184-93. [PMID: 22234832 DOI: 10.1177/1010539511433462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the reliability and concurrent validity of the Bahasa Melayu version of the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ-M) by comparing it with the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-S) and objectively measuring physical activity using a Yamax DigiWalker (Yamax, Tokyo, Japan) pedometer. A total of 100 adults aged between 20 and 58 years from Kelantan in Malaysia voluntarily participated in this study. The Wilcoxon signed-rank analysis showed no significant differences in 2-week test-retest scores for total metabolic equivalent∙minutes∙per week and 4 domains of the GPAQ-M. There was a low but significant relationship between time spent on total physical activity measured by the GPAQ-M and average steps per day recorded using the pedometer (r s = .265, P = .013). Significant correlations were also found between GPAQ-M and the IPAQ-S for varying levels of intensity during physical activities (r s = .309-.466, P < .01).
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Soo
- Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kota Bharu, Malaysia
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Vahdatpour A, Amini N, Xu W, Sarrafzadeh M. Accelerometer-based on-body sensor localization for health and medical monitoring applications. PERVASIVE AND MOBILE COMPUTING 2011; 7:746-760. [PMID: 22347840 PMCID: PMC3279922 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmcj.2011.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we present a technique to recognize the position of sensors on the human body. Automatic on-body device localization ensures correctness and accuracy of measurements in health and medical monitoring systems. In addition, it provides opportunities to improve the performance and usability of ubiquitous devices. Our technique uses accelerometers to capture motion data to estimate the location of the device on the user's body, using mixed supervised and unsupervised time series analysis methods. We have evaluated our technique with extensive experiments on 25 subjects. On average, our technique achieves 89% accuracy in estimating the location of devices on the body. In order to study the feasibility of classification of left limbs from right limbs (e.g., left arm vs. right arm), we performed analysis, based of which no meaningful classification was observed. Personalized ultraviolet monitoring and wireless transmission power control comprise two immediate applications of our on-body device localization approach. Such applications, along with their corresponding feasibility studies, are discussed.
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