New clinical findings in oculo-ectodermal syndrome

Encephalocraniocutaneous Lipomatosis Without Ocular Malformations

BACKGROUND

Encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis is a rare congenital neurocutaneous syndrome resulting from ectomesodermal dysgenesis and characterized by unique hairless scalp lesions in the form of nevus psiloliparus, ipsilateral ocular malformations, and central nervous system anomalies. According to the 2009 diagnostic criteria proposed by Moog et al., ocular abnormalities are supposed to be the most consistent feature of encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis.

PATIENT DESCRIPTION

We describe an 18-year-old girl with most of the central nervous system manifestations of encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis, major skin alterations including nevus psiloliparus, but no ocular involvement.

CONCLUSION

Our patient suggests more variability in clinical features and a more complex genetic/embryonic etiology of encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis.

Oculo-ectodermal syndrome: A case report and further delineation of the syndrome

Oculo-ectodermal syndrome (OES - OMIM 600628), also known as Toriello Lacassie Droste syndrome, is a very rare condition, first described by Toriello et al., in 1993. OES has been proposed to be a mild variant of encephalocraniocutaneous lipomatosis (ECCL). It is characterized by aplasia cutis congenita (ACC), epibulbar dermoids, coarctation of the aorta, arachnoid cysts in the brain, seizure disorder, hyperpigmented nevi, non-ossifying fibromas and a predisposition to develop giant cell tumors of the jaw. There are few reported cases of OES worldwide but with no definite diagnostic criteria yet. We present a case in a child with unilateral hyperpigmented nevi and ACC on the scalp, ocular lesions (lipodermoid cysts and coloboma), temporal arachnoid cyst, spinal lipomatosis and aortic coarctation with the aim of enhancing the foundation to establish diagnostic criteria for this condition. It additionally serves as a teaching point to emphasize the importance of pursuing a definite diagnosis when faced with such a multisystem illness, to counsel patients and their parents regarding long term morbidity and overall prognosis.

Oculo-ectodermal syndrome: is arachnoid cyst a common finding?

Oculo-ectodermal syndrome is a rare condition characterized by aplasia cutis and epibulbar dermoids. We present the case of a 6-year-old girl with oculo-ectodermal syndrome, who was found to have an arachnoid cyst by head computed tomography. This is the third case of oculo-ectodermal syndrome with arachnoid cyst reported in the literature, and suggests that arachnoid cyst may be a phenotypic feature of oculo-ectodermal syndrome.