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Kotur N, Stankovic B, Kassela K, Georgitsi M, Vicha A, Leontari I, Dokmanovic L, Janic D, Krstovski N, Klaassen K, Radmilovic M, Stojiljkovic M, Nikcevic G, Simeonidis A, Sivolapenko G, Pavlovic S, Patrinos GP, Zukic B. 6-mercaptopurine influences TPMT gene transcription in a TPMT gene promoter variable number of tandem repeats-dependent manner. Pharmacogenomics 2012; 13:283-95. [DOI: 10.2217/pgs.11.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: TPMT activity is characterized by a trimodal distribution, namely low, intermediate and high methylator. TPMT gene promoter contains a variable number of GC-rich tandem repeats (VNTRs), namely A, B and C, ranging from three to nine repeats in length in an AnBmC architecture. We have previously shown that the VNTR architecture in the TPMT gene promoter affects TPMT gene transcription. Materials, methods & results: Here we demonstrate, using reporter assays, that 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) treatment results in a VNTR architecture-dependent decrease of TPMT gene transcription, mediated by the binding of newly recruited protein complexes to the TPMT gene promoter, upon 6-MP treatment. We also show that acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients undergoing 6-MP treatment display a VNTR architecture-dependent response to 6-MP. Conclusion: These data suggest that the TPMT gene promoter VNTR architecture can be potentially used as a pharmacogenomic marker to predict toxicity due to 6-MP treatment in acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Original submitted 27 July 2011; Revision submitted 24 October 2011
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Kotur
- Institute of Molecular Genetics & Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Laboratory for Molecular Hematology, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
| | - Biljana Stankovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics & Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Laboratory for Molecular Hematology, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
| | - Katerina Kassela
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, GR-26504, Greece
| | - Marianthi Georgitsi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, GR-26504, Greece
| | - Anna Vicha
- Hematology Division, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, GR-26504, Greece
| | - Iliana Leontari
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, GR-26504, Greece
| | - Lidija Dokmanovic
- University Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Dragana Janic
- University Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Nada Krstovski
- University Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Kristel Klaassen
- Institute of Molecular Genetics & Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Laboratory for Molecular Hematology, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
| | - Milena Radmilovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics & Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Laboratory for Molecular Hematology, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
| | - Maja Stojiljkovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics & Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Laboratory for Molecular Hematology, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
| | - Gordana Nikcevic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics & Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Laboratory for Molecular Hematology, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
| | - Argiris Simeonidis
- Hematology Division, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, GR-26504, Greece
| | - Gregory Sivolapenko
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, GR-26504, Greece
| | - Sonja Pavlovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics & Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Laboratory for Molecular Hematology, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
| | - George P Patrinos
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras, GR-26504, Greece
| | - Branka Zukic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics & Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, Laboratory for Molecular Hematology, Belgrade, 11010, Serbia
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